2004年全國碩士研究生考試英語真題及答

案3

SectionII:UseofEnglish

Directions:

Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreach

numberedblankandmark[A],[B],[C]or[D]onANSWERSHEET

1.(10points)

Manytheoriesconcerningthecausesofjuveniledelinquency

(crimescommittedbyyoungpeople)focuseitheronthe

individualoronsocietyasthemajorcontributinginfluence.

Theories__21__ontheindividualsuggestthatchildrenengage

incriminalbehavior__22__theywerenotsufficiently

penalizedforpreviousmisdeedsorthattheyhavelearned

criminalbehaviorthrough__23__withothers.Theories

focusingontheroleofsocietysuggestthatchildrencommit

crimesin__24__totheirfailuretoriseabovetheir

socioeconomicstatus,__25__asarejectionofmiddle-class

values.

Mosttheoriesofjuveniledelinquencyhavefocusedonchildren

fromdisadvantagedfamilies,__26__thefactthatchildrenfrom

wealthyhomesalsocommitcrimes.Thelattermaycommitcrimes

__27__lackofadequateparentalcontrol.Alltheories,however,

aretentativeandare__28__tocriticism.

Changesinthesocialstructuremayindirectly__29__juvenile

crimerates.Forexample,changesintheeconomythat__30__

tofewerjobopportunitiesforyouthandrisingunemployment

__31__makegainfulemploymentincreasinglydifficultto

obtain.Theresultingdiscontentmayin__32__leadmoreyouths

intocriminalbehavior.

Familieshavealso__33__changestheseyears.Morefamilies

consistofoneparenthouseholdsortwoworkingparents;__34__,

childrenarelikelytohavelesssupervisionathome__35__was

commoninthetraditionalfamily__36__.Thislackofparental

supervisionisthoughttobeaninfluenceonjuvenilecrime

rates.Other__37__causesofoffensiveactsinclude

frustrationorfailureinschool,theincreased__38__ofdrugs

andalcohol,andthegrowing__39__ofchildabuseandchild

neglect.Alltheseconditionstendtoincreasetheprobability

ofachildcommittingacriminalact,__40__adirectcausal

relationshiphasnotyetbeenestablished.

21.[A]acting

[B]relying

[C]centering

[D]cementing

22.[A]before

[B]unless

[C]until

[D]because

23.[A]interactions

[B]assimilation

[C]cooperation

[D]consultation

24.[A]return

[B]reply

[C]reference

[D]response

25.[A]or

[B]butrather

[C]but

[D]orelse

26.[A]considering

[B]ignoring

[C]highlighting

[D]discarding

27.[A]on

[B]in

[C]for

[D]with

28.[A]immune

[B]resistant

[C]sensitive

[D]subject

29.[A]affect

[B]reduce

[C]chock

[D]reflect

30.[A]point

[B]lead

[C]come

[D]amount

31.[A]ingeneral

[B]onaverage

[C]bycontrast

[D]atlength

32.[A]case

[B]short

[C]turn

[D]essence

33.[A]survived

[B]noticed

[C]undertaken

[D]experienced

34.[A]contrarily

[B]consequently

[C]similarly

[D]simultaneously

35.[A]than

[B]that

[C]which

[D]as

36.[A]system

[B]structure

[C]concept

[D]heritage

37.[A]assessable

[B]identifiable

[C]negligible

[D]incredible

38.[A]expense

[B]rest