華為OSPF單區(qū)域、多區(qū)域配置、時間參數(shù)DRBDR選舉重分布路由與認證演示實驗拓撲R2R1R3LAdpbaek2172.16.0.1/24RGO/O/Osi/oraSVO/OAreaC10D.13.C/24Loopb^ckOIO.0.2.2/24GOOOR2R1R3LAdpbaek2172.16.0.1/24RGO/O/Osi/oraSVO/OAreaC10D.13.C/24Loopb^ckOIO.0.2.2/24GOOOLodpi>a^kO10,0.3.3/24LoapbatItO10.0.1.1f24基本配置R1：interfaceSerial1/0/0ipaddress10.0.12.1255.255.255.0interfaceGigabitEthernet0/0/0ipaddress10.0.13.1255.255.255.0interfaceLoopBack0ipaddress10.0.1.1255.255.255.0R2:interfaceSerial1/0/0ipaddress10.0.12.2255.255.255.0interfaceLoopBack0ipaddress10.0.2.2255.255.255.0R3:interfaceGigabitEthernet0/0/0ipaddress10.0.13.3255.255.255.0interfaceLoopBack0ipaddress10.0.3.3255.255.255.0interfaceLoopBack1ipaddress172.16.0.1255.255.255.0測試：[R1]ping-c210.0.12.2PING10.0.12.2:56databytes,pressCTRL_CtobreakReplyfrom10.0.12.2:bytes=56Sequence=1ttl=255time=50msReplyfrom10.0.12.2:bytes=56Sequence=2ttl=255time=10ms[R1]ping-c210.0.13.3PING10.0.13.3:56databytes,pressCTRL_CtobreakReplyfrom10.0.13.3:bytes=56Sequence=1ttl=255time=30msReplyfrom10.0.13.3:bytes=56Sequence=2ttl=255time=10ms三、OSPF配置[R1]ospf1router-id10.0.1.1二二二二啟用OPSF進程，默認進程ID為1■進程ID只具有本地意義,所以同一區(qū)域的不同路由器可以使用相同或者不同進程ID。[R1-ospf-1]are0[R1-ospf-1-area-O.O.O.O]network10.0.1.00.0.0.255=====network后面配置反掩碼[R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network10.0.13.00.0.0.255[R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network10.0.12.00.0.0.255[R2]ospf10router-id10.0.2.2[R2-ospf-10]area0[R2-ospf-10-area-0.0.0.0]network10.0.12.00.0.0.255[R2-ospf-10-area-0.0.0.0]network10.0.2.00.0.0.255[R3]ospf100router-id10.0.3.3[R3-ospf-100]area0[R3-ospf-100-area-0.0.0.0]network10.0.13.00.0.0.255[R3-ospf-100-area-0.0.0.0]network10.0.3.00.0.0.255R1>displayiprouting-tableprotocolospf二二二二查看路由表中OSPF路由信息RouteFlags:R-relay,D-downloadtofibPublicroutingtable:OSPFDestinations:2Routes:2OSPFroutingtablestatus:<Active>Destinations:2Routes:2Destination/MaskProtoPreCostFlagsNextHopInterface10.0.2.2/32OSPF1048D10.0.12.2Serial1/0/010.0.3.3/32OSPF101D10.0.13.3GigabitEthernet0/0/0OSPFroutingtablestatus:<Inactive>Destinations:0Routes:0測試：<R1>ping-c110.0.2.2PING10.0.2.2:56databytes,pressCTRL_CtobreakReplyfrom10.0.2.2:bytes=56Sequence=1ttl=255time=10ms---10.0.2.2pingstatistics--1packet(s)transmitted1packet(s)received0.00%packetlossround-tripmin/avg/max=10/10/10ms<R1>ping-c110.0.3.3PING10.0.3.3:56databytes,pressCTRL_CtobreakReplyfrom10.0.3.3:bytes=56Sequence=1ttl=255time=10ms---10.0.3.3pingstatistics--1packet(s)transmitted1packet(s)received0.00%packetlossround-tripmin/avg/max=10/10/10ms<R1>displayospfpeer二二二二顯示OSPF鄰居詳細信息OSPFProcess1withRouterID10.0.12.1NeighborsArea0.0.0.0interface10.0.12.1(Serial1/0/0)'sneighborsRouterID:10.0.2.2Address:10.0.12.2State:FullMode:NbrisSlavePriority:1DR:NoneBDR:NoneMTU:0Deadtimerduein32secRetranstimerinterval:5Neighborisupfor00:09:52AuthenticationSequence:[0]NeighborsArea0.0.0.0interface10.0.13.1(GigabitEthernet0/0/0)'sneighborsRouterID:10.0.3.3Address:10.0.13.3State:FullMode:NbrisSlavePriority:1DR:10.0.13.1BDR:10.0.13.3MTU:0Deadtimerduein34secRetranstimerinterval:5Neighborisupfor00:06:50AuthenticationSequence:[0]<R1>displayospfpeerbrief二二二二顯示OSPF簡潔信息OSPFProcess1withRouterID10.0.12.1PeerStatisticInformationAreaIdInterfaceNeighboridState0.0.0.0Serial1/0/010.0.2.2Full0.0.0.0GigabitEthernet0/0/010.0.3.3Full四、修改OSPFHello和Dead時間<R1>displayospfinterfaceg0/0/0二二二二查看OSPFHello與Dead默認時間OSPFProcess1withRouterID10.0.12.1InterfacesInterface:10.0.13.1(GigabitEthernet0/0/0)Cost:1State:DRType:BroadcastMTU:1500Priority:1DesignatedRouter:10.0.13.1BackupDesignatedRouter:10.0.13.3Timers:Hello10,Dead40,Poll120,Retransmit5,TransmitDelay1[R3]intg0/0/0[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospftimerhello15[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospftimerdead60<R1>displayiprouting-tableprotocolospfRouteFlags:R-relay,D-downloadtofibPublicroutingtable:OSPFDestinations:1Routes:1OSPFroutingtablestatus:<Active>Destinations:1Routes:1Destination/MaskProtoPreCostFlagsNextHopInterface10.0.2.2/32OSPF1048D10.0.12.2Serial1/0/0OSPFroutingtablestatus:<Inactive>Destinations:0Routes:0注：由于R1和R3之間hello與dead時間不一致，所以鄰居無法建立[R1]intg0/0/0[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospftimerhello15[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospftimerdead60[R1]displayiprouting-tableprotocolospfRouteFlags:R-relay,D-downloadtofibPublicroutingtable:OSPFDestinations:2Routes:2OSPFroutingtablestatus:<Active>Destinations:2Routes:2Destination/MaskProtoPreCostFlagsNextHopInterface10.0.2.2/32OSPF1048D10.0.12.2Serial1/0/010.0.3.3/32OSPF101D10.0.13.3GigabitEthernet0/0/0OSPFroutingtablestatus:<Inactive>Destinations:0Routes:0OSPF鄰居建立必要條件router-id不能相同helloanddead必須相同區(qū)域ID必須相同4■認證key-id及密碼必須相同5.特殊區(qū)域標記相同6?三層MTU必須相同7?子網(wǎng)掩碼必須相同（在一個需要DR|BDR環(huán)境中）8.最小范圍內(nèi)的雙向互通五、OSPF重分布默認路由[R3]iproute-static0.0.0.00lo1[R3]ospf100[R3-ospf-100]default-route-advertise====重分布默認路由<R1>displayiprouting-tableprotocolos|in0.0.0.0RouteFlags:R-relay,D-downloadtofibPublicroutingtable:OSPFDestinations:3Routes:3OSPFroutingtablestatus:<Active>Destinations:3Routes:3Destination/MaskProtoPreCostFlagsNextHopInterface0.0.0.0/0O_ASE1501D10.0.13.3GigabitEthernet0/0/0OSPFroutingtablestatus:<Inactive>Destinations:0Routes:0<R1>ping172.16.0.1PING172.16.0.1:56databytes,pressCTRL_CtobreakReplyfrom172.16.0.1:bytes=56Sequence=1ttl=255time=10msReplyfrom172.16.0.1:bytes=56Sequence=2ttl=255time=20msReplyfrom172.16.0.1:bytes=56Sequence=3ttl=255time=10ms六、OSPFDR/BDR選舉<R1>displayospfpeerOSPFProcess1withRouterID10.0.12.1NeighborsArea0.0.0.0interface10.0.12.1(Serial1/0/0)'sneighborsRouterID:10.0.2.2Address:10.0.12.2State:FullMode:NbrisSlavePriority:1DR:NoneBDR:NoneMTU:0Deadtimerduein31secRetranstimerinterval:5Neighborisupfor01:17:49AuthenticationSequence:[0]NeighborsArea0.0.0.0interface10.0.13.1(GigabitEthernet0/0/0)'sneighborsRouterID:10.0.3.3Address:10.0.13.3State:FullMode:NbrisSlavePriority:1DR:10.0.13.1BDR:10.0.13.3MTU:0Deadtimerduein59secRetranstimerinterval:5Neighborisupfor00:30:15AuthenticationSequence:[0]注：默認優(yōu)先級是1由于R3router-id大于R1router-id所以R3為DR,R1為BDR。[R1]intg0/0/0[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospfdr-priority200二二二二配置OSPF優(yōu)先級為200注：由于DR/BDR選舉默認為不搶占模式，因此修改了優(yōu)先級后，不會重新進行選舉，所以要重置R1與R3之間鄰居關(guān)系。[R1]intg0/0/0[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]shut[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]undoshut<R3>displayospfpeeOSPFProcess100withRouterID10.0.3.3NeighborsArea0.0.0.0interface10.0.13.3(GigabitEthernet0/0/0)'sneighborsRouterID:10.0.12.1Address:10.0.13.1State:FullMode:NbrisMasterPriority:200DR:10.0.13.1BDR:10.0.13.3MTU:0Deadtimerduein52secRetranstimerinterval:5Neighborisupfor00:02:10AuthenticationSequence:[0]

LAB2拓撲如下R2R3/S1/0/QArea0/：'R1RR10G13昵4LAB2拓撲如下R2R3/S1/0/QArea0/：'R1RR10G13昵4GO/O/O4…G0.f0/0Loopbad(?17216.01/24LoapbackO10.0.3^24-LaoptjjcfcD^10.0.1\f24LOOpba^kD100.2.2^24七、配置OSPF多區(qū)域R1：[R1]ospf1router-id10.0.1.1[R1-ospf-1]area0[R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network10.0.12.00.0.0.255[R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]quit[R1-ospf-1]area1[R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network10.0.13.00.0.0.255[R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network10.0.1.00.0.0.255R2：[R2]ospf1router-id10.0.2.2[R2-ospf-1]area0[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network10.0.12.00.0.0.255[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network10.0.2.00.0.0.255R3：[R3]ospf1router-id10.0.3.3[R3-ospf-1]area1[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network10.0.3.00.0.0.255[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network10.0.13.00.0.0.255測試：<R1>displayiprouprosRouteFlags:R-relay,D-downloadtofibPublicroutingtable:OSPFDestinations:2Routes:2OSPFroutingtablestatus:<Active>Destinations:2Routes:2Destination/MaskProtoPreCostFlagsNextHopInterface10.0.2.2/32OSPF1048D10.0.12.2Serial1/0/010.0.3.3/32OSPF101D10.0.13.3GigabitEthernet0/0/0OSPFroutingtablestatus:<Inactive>Destinations:0Routes:0<R2>displayiprouting-tableprotocolospfRouteFlags:R-relay,D-downloadtofibPublicroutingtable:OSPFDestinations:3Routes:3OSPFroutingtablestatus:<Active>Destinations:3Routes:3Destination/MaskProtoPreCostFlagsNextHopInterface10.0.1.1/32OSPF1048D10.0.12.1Serial1/0/010.0.3.3/32OSPF1049D10.0.12.1Serial1/0/010.0.13.0/24OSPF1049D10.0.12.1Serial1/0/0OSPFroutingtablestatus:<Inactive>Destinations:0Routes:0<R1>ping-c210.0.3.3PING10.0.3.3:56databytes,pressCTRL_CtobreakReplyfrom10.0.3.3:bytes=56Sequence=1ttl=255time=20msReplyfrom10.0.3.3:bytes=56Sequence=2ttl=255time=20ms<R1>ping-c210.0.2.2PING10.0.2.2:56databytes,pressCTRL_CtobreakReplyfrom10.0.2.2:bytes=56Sequence=1ttl=255time=10msReplyfrom10.0.2.2:bytes=56Sequence=2ttl=255time=10ms<R1>displayospfpeerbriefOSPFProcess1withRouterID10.0.1.1PeerStatisticInformationAreaIdInterfaceNeighboridState0.0.0.0Serial1/0/010.0.2.2Full0.0.0.1GigabitEthernet0/0/010.0.3.3Full八、OSPF直連路由重分布[R3]ospf1[R3-ospf-1]import-routedirect====重分布直連測試：<R1>disiproutprotocolosRouteFlags:R-relay,D-downloadtofibPublicroutingtable:OSPFDestinations:4Routes:4OSPFroutingtablestatus:<Active>Destinations:4Routes:4Destination/MaskProtoPreCostFlagsNextHopInterface10.0.2.2/32OSPF1048D10.0.12.2Serial1/0/010.0.3.0/24O_ASE1501D10.0.13.3GigabitEthernet0/0/010.0.3.3/32OSPF101D10.0.13.3GigabitEthernet0/0/0172.16.0.0/24O_ASE1501D10.0.13.3GigabitEthernet0/0/0注：O_ASE表示OSPF外部路由<R2>ping-a10.0.2.210.0.3.3====以IP10.0.2.2為源PING10.0.3.3:56databytes,pressCTRL_CtobreakReplyfrom10.0.3.3:bytes=56Sequence=1ttl=254time=20msReplyfrom10.0.3.3:bytes=56Sequence=2ttl=254time=10msReplyfrom10.0.3.3:bytes=56Sequence=3ttl=254time=20msReplyfrom10.0.3.3:bytes=56Sequence=4ttl=254time=20msR1>displayospflsdb====查看LSA數(shù)據(jù)庫OSPFProcess1withRouterID10.0.1.1LinkStateDatabaseArea:0.0.0.0TypeLinkStateIDAdvRouterAgeLenSequenceMetricRouter10.0.2.210.0.2.21536608000000348Router10.0.1.110.0.1.11558488000000348Sum-Net10.0.13.010.0.1.1177328800000011Sum-Net10.0.3.310.0.1.1140728800000011Sum-Net10.0.1.110.0.1.1176628800000010Sum-Asbr10.0.3.310.0.1.152228800000011Area:0.0.0.1TypeLinkStateIDAdvRouterAgeLenSequenceMetricRouter10.0.3.310.0.3.352348800000051Router10.0.1.110.0.1.1139948800000061Network10.0.13.110.0.1.1139932800000020Sum-Net10.0.12.010.0.1.11773288000000148Sum-Net10.0.2.210.0.1.11535288000000148ASExternalDatabaseTypeLinkStateIDAdvRouterAgeLenSequenceMetricExternal10.0.3.010.0.3.352336800000011External10.0.13.010.0.3.352336800000011External172.16.0.010.0.3.35233680