UnitBookcareerplanning的實(shí)用學(xué)習(xí)課件第1頁(yè)/共85頁(yè)UnitFour第2頁(yè)/共85頁(yè)Task1:

DifferentOccupationsTask2:

WhatKindofJobIsSuitableforYou?Task3:WhereWillYouGoafterGraduation?Task4:

VideoClipTask5:

ProverbsandSayings第3頁(yè)/共85頁(yè)Unit4CareerPlanningIdonotlikeworknomandoesbutIlikewhatisinthework:thechancetofindyourself.

—ConradJoseph,Britishnovelist

Task3第4頁(yè)/共85頁(yè)Task1Directions:Youwillhave3minutestolistasmanynamesofoccupationsaspossible.Namedifferentoccupations第5頁(yè)/共85頁(yè)Task1DifferentoccupationsSomecommonjobsinourlife:doctor,nurse,pilot,waiter,waitress,DJ,actor,actress,policeman,lawyer,secretary,manager,executive,chef,architect,host,hostess,touristguide,interpreter,etc.第6頁(yè)/共85頁(yè)Task1DifferentoccupationsDescribeacareeryou’relikelytopursueinthefuture.Don’tmentionitsnamebutaskyourclassmatestoguesswhatitis.

第7頁(yè)/共85頁(yè)ThejobI’dprefertotakehasaflexibleworkingschedule.Idon’thavetobeatworkexactlyontime.Muchofmytimewillbespentsittinginfrontofthecomputerorgoingthroughtheworkwrittenbyothers.Whenworkisdue,Iwillhavetoburnthemidnightoil.Butwhenthereisnowork,IcantaketimetoenjoymyselfevenifI’mstillatwork.Thisjobneedsalotofinitiativeandindependence.I’llhavetocontactpotentialwritersallbymyselfandchoosethetopicsandbooksthatmightsellwellorhavegoodacademicvalue.I’llneedtobeverycareful,doingtheproofreadingmanytimesuntilabookisfinallypublished.Answer:editor第8頁(yè)/共85頁(yè)Task2Whatkindofjobissuitableforyou?Listento14statementscarefullyanddecidewhichcategoryofjobstheybelongto.3，111，7，132，85，104，6，129，14第9頁(yè)/共85頁(yè)Whatdoyouthinkisthemostidealoccupation?Whydoyouthinkso?Howareyoupreparingforyourfuturecareer?Whatarethestepstogetaworld-classjob?Howtocopewiththepressurefromwork?Shouldweworktoliveorlivetowork?Questionsfordiscussion第10頁(yè)/共85頁(yè)Task3Wherewillyougoaftergraduation?--Discussionbasedonthepictures第11頁(yè)/共85頁(yè)Task4VideoclipCareerchoiceisalwaysaharddecisionformothers.They,ontheonehand,mayliketostayathomelookingaftertheirbabiesandontheotherhand,mayliketofulfilltheirownpersonalcareerdevelopment.Watchthevideoandsee

whatMarilyn’sproblemisandguessherdecision.第12頁(yè)/共85頁(yè)Task4VideoclipClicktostopandclickagaintocontinue第13頁(yè)/共85頁(yè)Task4VideoclipQuestionsfordiscussionIfyouwereMarilyn,whatwouldyoudo?Whenyougetmarriedandhavechildren,wouldyoubeafull-timemotheroracareerwoman?Wouldyouconsiderbeingafull-timemotheracareer?第14頁(yè)/共85頁(yè)Itisnousedoingwhatyoulike;youhavegottolikewhatyoudo.–WinstonChurchill不能愛(ài)哪行才干哪行，要干哪行愛(ài)哪行。Everyman'swork,whetheritbeliteratureormusicorpicturesorarchitectureoranythingelse,isalwaysaportraitofhimself.--SamuelBrtler每個(gè)人的工作，不管是文學(xué)、音樂(lè)、美術(shù)、建筑還是其他工作，都是自己的一幅畫(huà)像。Task5ProverbsandSayings第15頁(yè)/共85頁(yè)SomeadditionaltaskstochoosefromWhoshouldsurviveFivepeopleofdifferentoccupationsaretakingatripinthesameballoon.Suddenlythere’ssomethingwrongwiththeballoonanditcanonlytakeonepersonsafelybacktotheground.Sotheyhavetodecidewhocansurvive.Allarguethattheyhaveimportantjobstodoandshouldbetheonetosurvive.Actitoutingroupsoffive.第16頁(yè)/共85頁(yè)Someadditionaltaskstochoosefrom2.AjobinterviewActoutajobinterviewingroupsoftwo.Onewillbetheinterviewerandtheotherwillbetheinterviewee.第17頁(yè)/共85頁(yè)Someadditionaltaskstochoosefrom3.Jobsandstereotypes:Whatstereotypesdowehaveaboutthefollowingjobs?Discusswithyourpartner:writer;programmer;personaltrainer/gyminstructorbartender;mannursedragqueen變裝演員hotelsleeper/inspector酒店試睡員Doyouknowanyotherinterestingjobs?第18頁(yè)/共85頁(yè)In-ClassReading

CareerPlanning第19頁(yè)/共85頁(yè)P(yáng)re-readingquestionsEnglishstudy,certificates,extracurricularactivities,part-timejobs,socialwork,skillslikedrivingDoyouthinkcareerplanningisnecessary?Why?Howtodocareerplanning?Whatcanyoudonowforcareerplanningasastudent?Sample第20頁(yè)/共85頁(yè)第21頁(yè)/共85頁(yè)Workingroupstoanswerthefollowingquestions.Careerplanninghasdifferentmeaningstodifferentpeople.Generallyspeaking,itincludesgatheringinformationaboutourselvesandaboutoccupations,estimatingthepossibleoutcomesofvariouscoursesofaction,andfinally,choosingalternativesthatwefindattractiveandfeasible.Whatdoescareerplanningmean?Sample第22頁(yè)/共85頁(yè)Muchevidenceshowsthatstudentsarenotefficientincareerplanning.Forexample,moststudentschoosefromamongaverynarrowgroupofoccupations.Asmanyas40to60percentprefertochooseprofessionaloccupations,inwhichonly15to18percentoftheworkforceisengagedinreality.Youngmenlackinterestinclerical,sales,andserviceoccupationsthatoffermanyjobopportunities.Whatisworse,asmanyasathirdofthestudentsareunabletoexpressanychoiceofoccupation.Whydoestheauthorsaystudentsarenotefficientincareerplanning?Sample第23頁(yè)/共85頁(yè)Thekeystocareerplanningarelistedasfollows:1.Studyyourself.2.Writeyourcareergoalsdown.3.Reviewyourplansandprogressperiodicallywithanotherperson.4.Ifyouchooseacareerthatdoesnotfityou,youcanstartover.Whatarethekeystocareerplanning?Sample第24頁(yè)/共85頁(yè)第25頁(yè)/共85頁(yè)Careerplanningdoesnotnecessarilyfollowroutineorlogicalsteps.

Introduction

(Para.1)Students’weaknessesincareerplanning

(Para.2)第26頁(yè)/共85頁(yè)Complacency—ignoringchallenginginformation.B.Defensiveavoidance—resortingtowishfulthinkingordaydreaming.Seriousflawsinthewaysofdecisionmaking(Para.3-5)C.Hypervigilance—searchingfranticallyforcareerpossibilitiesandseizingonhastilyinventedsolutions.第27頁(yè)/共85頁(yè)

Keys

to

career

planning

(Para.6-11)Studyoneself.B.Writeone’scareergoalsdown.C.Reviewone’splansandprogress

periodicallywithanotherperson.D.Ifonepersonchoosesacareerthatdoesnotfithim,hecanstartover.第28頁(yè)/共85頁(yè)Fewchangesinvolvedownwardmovement;mostinvolvegettingahead.

Changesincareers(Para.12-13)Conclusion

(Para.14-15)B.Jobchangesandcareershiftsoccuratallages.Althoughthereisnosurewaytomakecareerplansworkout,therearethingsthatanyonecandonowtoshapeone’scareerpossibilities.第29頁(yè)/共85頁(yè)第30頁(yè)/共85頁(yè)第31頁(yè)/共85頁(yè)placeweighton

(Line2,Para.1)

attachimportanceto

重視Don’t

placeanyweighton

theserumors.他并沒(méi)太重視朋友的建議。He

didn’tplacemuchweighton

hisfriends’suggestions.別把這些謠言當(dāng)回事。Translation第32頁(yè)/共85頁(yè)佳句欣賞本句中三個(gè)動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ):

gathering…,

estimating…,choosing…都作動(dòng)詞includes

的賓語(yǔ)，說(shuō)明“職業(yè)規(guī)劃”要涉及的三種行為。這三個(gè)連續(xù)的動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)使句子意義表達(dá)更充分連貫。include

后接v.-ing

形式。最后一個(gè)動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)中，關(guān)系代詞that

引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句修飾

alternatives。譯文

Career

planningincludesgatheringinformationaboutourselvesandaboutoccupations,

estimating

theprobableoutcomesofvariouscoursesofaction,andfinally,

choosing

alternativesthatwefindattractiveandfeasible.(Line3)第33頁(yè)/共85頁(yè)解決辦法包括與海外花卉種植商合作，而不是要與他們競(jìng)爭(zhēng)；設(shè)置幾個(gè)批發(fā)中心來(lái)銷售進(jìn)口玫瑰；擴(kuò)大他們的經(jīng)營(yíng)領(lǐng)域同時(shí)兼做海外花卉生產(chǎn)者的代理商。教師首先要考慮的事情之一是喚起學(xué)生的興趣，激發(fā)他們的創(chuàng)造性。The

solutions

include

working

withforeignflowergrowersinsteadoffightingthem,

having

afewdistributioncenterstosellimportedroses,

widening

theirbusinessareaand

beinga

representativeforoverseasflowerproducers.

Ateacher’sprioritiesincludeexcitingstudents’interestsandstimulatingtheircreativity.Example第34頁(yè)/共85頁(yè)譯文

Career

planningincludesgatheringinformationaboutourselvesandaboutoccupations,

estimating

theprobableoutcomesofvariouscoursesofaction,andfinally,

choosing

alternativesthatwefindattractiveandfeasible.(Line3)

進(jìn)行擇業(yè)規(guī)劃，要收集有關(guān)我們自身以及職業(yè)的信息資料，估計(jì)采取各種舉動(dòng)可能出現(xiàn)的結(jié)果，最后做出我們認(rèn)為有吸引力并且可行的選擇。第35頁(yè)/共85頁(yè)你的計(jì)劃聽(tīng)起來(lái)頗為行得通。

僅靠一份地圖就能騎自行車游遍這個(gè)城市嗎？Isitfeasibletotravelaroundthecitybybikewithonlyamap?Yourplansoundsquite

feasible.Translationfeasible

(adj.)

(Line6,Para.1)

abletobedone;possible

可行的，可能的第36頁(yè)/共85頁(yè)近義詞：

achievable

possible

practical reasonable workable反義詞：

impossible impractical詞匯擴(kuò)充第37頁(yè)/共85頁(yè)她在減少浪費(fèi)方面很有辦法。在職業(yè)培訓(xùn)后不久他就成長(zhǎng)為一名高效的股票經(jīng)紀(jì)人(stockbroker)。Hegrewintoanefficientstockbrokersoonafterthecareertraining.Shewasveryefficientinreducingwaste.Translationefficient

(adj.)(Line7,Para.2)

workingwell,quickly,and

withoutwaste

效率高的；有能力的，能勝任的第38頁(yè)/共85頁(yè)近義詞：

capable

（能干的）

,competent

（有競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力的）

effective

（有效的）

proficient

（熟練的，精通的）

skillful

（靈巧的）反義詞：

incompetent（無(wú)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力的）

inefficient

（低效的）詞匯擴(kuò)充第39頁(yè)/共85頁(yè)efficient

用于指人或工具、機(jī)器工作時(shí)效率高effective

用于指措施、方法等高效詞匯比較療效很好的藥

an_______medicine有效措施

an_______measure能干的秘書(shū)

an_______secretary請(qǐng)選擇

efficient

或

effective

的適當(dāng)形式填空。efficient稱職的經(jīng)理

an_______managerefficienteffectiveeffectiveExercise第40頁(yè)/共85頁(yè)除了不夠幽默之外，他簡(jiǎn)直是完美的。你沒(méi)有看出他論點(diǎn)中的謬誤嗎？Didn’tyouspottheflawinhisargument?Heisalmostperfectexceptfortheflawofbeingnothumorousenough.Translationflaw

(n.)(Line15,Para.3)mistake,mark,orweaknessthatmakessomethingimperfect

缺點(diǎn)，瑕疵，缺陷第41頁(yè)/共85頁(yè)

fault

（人的）過(guò)錯(cuò)；（物的）毛病詞匯比較imperfection不完整性,不足;缺點(diǎn),缺陷mistake 錯(cuò)誤 shortcoming缺點(diǎn)weakness

,弱點(diǎn)第42頁(yè)/共85頁(yè)請(qǐng)選擇

fault,imperfection,mistake,shortcoming或

weakness

的適當(dāng)形式填空。Exercise“這是我的責(zé)任，不是你的責(zé)任?！薄癟he_____lieswithme,notwithyou.”因?yàn)閷?duì)英語(yǔ)懂得不完全，他失去了這份工作。Helostthejobbecauseofthe___________ofEnglish.不守時(shí)間是他最大的短處。Notbeingpunctualishisgreatest___________.shortcoming我們大家都有些小短處。Weallhaveourlittle__________.weaknessesfaultimperfection侍者把帳單弄錯(cuò)了。Thewaitermadea________overthebill.mistake第43頁(yè)/共85頁(yè)atstake

(Line20,Para.3)inasituationwheresomethingvaluablemightbelostifaplanoractionisnotsuccessful

瀕于險(xiǎn)境，處于成敗關(guān)頭stake:柱，火刑柱請(qǐng)完成下面的句子。Exercise這家公司瀕臨破產(chǎn)，數(shù)百名職員的工作危在旦夕。Thecompanyisonthevergeofbankruptcy,and________________________.hundredsofjobsareatstake他承認(rèn)他的政治生涯正遭到威脅。Headmittedthat______________________.hispoliticallifewasatstake第44頁(yè)/共85頁(yè)語(yǔ)法訓(xùn)練“Whenconfrontedwith…”是省略形式的狀語(yǔ)從句，省略的部分是從句的主語(yǔ)和部分謂語(yǔ)be,即“theyare”?！斑B詞+過(guò)去分詞/現(xiàn)在分詞/形容詞”作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)常用省略形式，這些連詞可以是when,though/although,as

if/as

though,if,even

if,once,unless,until等。譯文

Whenconfronted

withadecisionandunabletobelievetheycanfindanacceptablesolution,somepeopleremaincalmbyresortingtowishfulthinkingordaydreaming.(Line23)

第45頁(yè)/共85頁(yè)Example這幢建筑完成后會(huì)很好看。書(shū)一出版就引起了轟動(dòng)。Thisbuildingwilllooknice

whenfinished.Oncepublished,thebookcausedaremarkablestir.

他在中國(guó)學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)對(duì)京劇產(chǎn)生了興趣。Whilestudying

inChina,hebecameinterestedinBeijingOpera.第46頁(yè)/共85頁(yè)請(qǐng)完成下面的句子。Exercise______________________________(他一被任命為最高統(tǒng)帥之后),hetookthesternmeasuresexpectedofhim.Onceappointedsupremecommander

________________________(盡管并不富有),

theBlakesarereadytohelpothers.Though(theyare)poor

______________________(當(dāng)我正做作業(yè)時(shí)),myfathercameinandinterruptedme.Whendoingmyhomework第47頁(yè)/共85頁(yè)譯文

每當(dāng)面臨抉擇而又自認(rèn)為找不到合適的解決方法時(shí)，一些人或想入非非或做白日夢(mèng)，以此來(lái)保持平靜。

Whenconfronted

withadecisionandunabletobelievetheycanfindanacceptablesolution,somepeopleremaincalmbyresortingtowishfulthinkingordaydreaming.(Line23)

第48頁(yè)/共85頁(yè)Youcannotimaginethefinancialimplicationofthiseducational

reform.

他微笑了,暗示著不相信我。Hesmiled,withtheimplicationthathedidn’tbelieveme.你無(wú)法想象這場(chǎng)教育改革的經(jīng)濟(jì)影響。Translationimplication(n.)(Line28,Para.4)1)apossiblefutureeffectorresult

可能的影響、后果

2)somethingyoudonotsaydirectlybutyouseemtowantpeopletobelieve暗示；含義第49頁(yè)/共85頁(yè)詞匯擴(kuò)充動(dòng)詞：imply:expressindirectly;suggest

暗指;暗示拒絕回答意味著犯有錯(cuò)誤。沉默有時(shí)暗示著同意。Silencesometimesimpliesconsent.Refusaltoanswerimpliesguilt.

Translation第50頁(yè)/共85頁(yè)Thechildrenpanickedatthesoundofthestormandlightning.劇院失火時(shí)，引起一陣恐慌。

Whenthetheatercaughtfire,therewasapanic.雷電聲使孩子們感到驚恐不安。Translationpanic(Line35,Para.5)n.[C;U](astateof)suddenuncontrollablefearorterror

驚慌；恐慌

v.causetofeelfearorterror

害怕，驚恐不安第51頁(yè)/共85頁(yè)他們?cè)谶@個(gè)國(guó)家已經(jīng)居住10年了，但從來(lái)沒(méi)有真正與環(huán)境融合起來(lái)。教師們正設(shè)法使所有的孩子都與社會(huì)融為一體。Theteachersaretryingtointegrateallthechildrenintosociety.They’velivedinthiscountryfor10yearsbuthaveneverreallyintegrated.Translationintegrate(v.)(Line51,Para.8)1)(+into/with)

（使）結(jié)合；（使）成為一體

2)成為社團(tuán)的一部分第52頁(yè)/共85頁(yè)接受治療經(jīng)歷困苦Hewhowantstosucceedmustundergodifficultiesandbitternessfirst.Sheisundergoingtreatmentatthehospital.undergo(v.)(Line61,Para.10)experience(esp.sufferingordifficulty)經(jīng)歷，遭受請(qǐng)用提示詞造句。Exercise第53頁(yè)/共85頁(yè)

bear

普通用語(yǔ)。泛指負(fù)擔(dān)或忍受精神、肉體上的各種痛苦。多用于否定和疑問(wèn)句，常與

can,could

連用。近義詞辨析endure正式用語(yǔ)。多用于否定句，特指忍受較大、較長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的磨難。stand

與bear

意同?？陬^用語(yǔ)。多用于否定句或疑問(wèn)句?？隙ň渲衅湔嬉饬x更強(qiáng)。suffer

正式用語(yǔ)。常指被迫承受某件令人痛苦或有害的事，多用于承受抽象事物。第54頁(yè)/共85頁(yè)請(qǐng)選擇

bear,endure,stand或

suffer

的適當(dāng)形式填空。ExerciseIcan’t_______herunreasonableactionanylonger.Indiais________greatlyfromover-population.Shejustcouldnot_____withsuchinsults.bearHesuccessfully______theseveretest.stoodenduresuffering第55頁(yè)/共85頁(yè)pursue(v.)(Line69,Para.11)1)從事或忙于某事

2)追捕，追擊；緊隨……之后

3)追求，尋求請(qǐng)明確以下句子中pursue

的具體含義。ExerciseHepursuedtherivertoitssource.Hefelttheireyespursuinghim.Hisgreatestpleasureistohelpotherstopursue

pleasurefrom

life.尋找(快樂(lè))Wehavealwayspursuedafriendlypolicytowardsthepeopleallovertheworld.奉行(友好政策)

沿著(河流)老是跟著(他)第56頁(yè)/共85頁(yè)

chase

指對(duì)逃逸的人或動(dòng)物加以追捕，也指以驅(qū)趕為目的而進(jìn)行的追逐。常帶有不友好的意味，但也可指出于嬉鬧的追趕。近義詞辨析follow

常用詞，含義最廣。不含褒貶的意味，也可表示時(shí)間、次序的順接。pursue

表示緊追不舍直到成功。也可用于引申意義。第57頁(yè)/共85頁(yè)請(qǐng)選擇

chase,follow或

pursue

的適當(dāng)形式填空。ExerciseHe_______hisstudieswithseriousness.Thepolice______theescapingthiefandcaughthimatlast.He________herlikeashadow.followedpursuedchased第58頁(yè)/共85頁(yè)句型應(yīng)用

Butcareerplanningshouldhelpyoutoapproachandcopebetterwithnewproblems,suchasdeciding

whetherornotto

entereducationalortrainingprograms,decidingwhetherornottochangejobs,…aperson.

(Line80)

suchas

引導(dǎo)的動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)舉例說(shuō)明前面的new

problems。whetherornot

插在不定式短語(yǔ)前表示取決與否。whetherornot除了常用于引導(dǎo)名詞性從句及讓步狀語(yǔ)從句外，也可直接放在不定式前表示選擇。譯文第59頁(yè)/共85頁(yè)Example他不能決定是否要回家。帕特和家人在一起很不自在，不知是否要宣布他的事。Hecouldn’tdecidewhetherornottoreturnhome.Patfeltillateasewithhisfamily,wonderingwhetherornottoannouncehisnews.第60頁(yè)/共85頁(yè)譯文

但是，擇業(yè)規(guī)劃能夠幫助你面對(duì)或更好地處理新的問(wèn)題，諸如決定是否要接受某方面的教育或培訓(xùn)，是否要更換工作，還能幫助你分析所面臨的困境或與某人交往中所存在的困難。

Butcareerplanningshouldhelpyoutoapproachandcopebetterwithnewproblems,suchasdeciding

whetherornotto

entereducationalortrainingprograms,decidingwhetherornottochangejobs,…aperson.

(Line80)

第61頁(yè)/共85頁(yè)第62頁(yè)/共85頁(yè)followroutineorlogicalsteps15percentoftheworkforceprofessionaloccupations遵照常規(guī)的或合乎邏輯的步驟15%的從業(yè)人員專業(yè)性的職業(yè)Youngmenshowastrikinglackofinterestinclerical,sales,andserviceoccupations.男青年對(duì)文書(shū)、銷售以及服務(wù)性行業(yè)興趣索然。第63頁(yè)/共85頁(yè)Thebestcopingbehaviorisvigilance.Youshouldexamineyourstrengthsandweaknesses.最好的做法就是眼觀六路，耳聽(tīng)八方。你應(yīng)該審視自己的長(zhǎng)處與弱點(diǎn)。Organizeideasaboutyourcareerdevelopment.把對(duì)自己事業(yè)發(fā)展的設(shè)想歸納起來(lái)。unclearandhalf-formedideas模糊、不成熟的想法第64頁(yè)/共85頁(yè)限制性定語(yǔ)從句翻譯前置法后置法融合法轉(zhuǎn)換法第65頁(yè)/共85頁(yè)

定語(yǔ)從句是在英語(yǔ)中廣泛使用的語(yǔ)言現(xiàn)象。一般認(rèn)為定語(yǔ)從句在性質(zhì)上有限制性和非限制性定語(yǔ)從句之分。對(duì)定語(yǔ)從句翻譯的變通處理，通常體現(xiàn)在對(duì)從句位置、類型和關(guān)系的調(diào)整上。因此，在翻譯定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，要根據(jù)句子承擔(dān)的交際功能和上下文語(yǔ)境來(lái)靈活處理。這里先談及限制性定語(yǔ)從句的處理方法。第66頁(yè)/共85頁(yè)

限制性定語(yǔ)從句對(duì)所修飾的先行詞起限制作用，與先行詞關(guān)系密切，不用逗號(hào)分開(kāi)。譯者在翻譯時(shí)要根據(jù)相互關(guān)系和限制的緊密程度安排譯文修飾部分的位置和邏輯關(guān)系。這類句子的翻譯可以用以下方式處理：前置法后置法融合法轉(zhuǎn)換法第67頁(yè)/共85頁(yè)Thosewhodonotwishtogoneednotgo.凡是不愿意去的人就不必去。

把英語(yǔ)限制性定語(yǔ)從句譯成漢語(yǔ)中帶“…的”的定語(yǔ)詞組，從而使英語(yǔ)復(fù)合句變成漢語(yǔ)單句。這種處理方法適合關(guān)系簡(jiǎn)單、直接和較短的定語(yǔ)從句類型。第68頁(yè)/共85頁(yè)Hewhohasnevertastedwhatisbitterdoesnotknowwhatissweet.Shehadbeentooproudtoadmittheemotion(情感)

whichherheartfelt.她太驕傲了，不肯讓心里的感情流露出來(lái)。沒(méi)有吃過(guò)苦的人不知道什么是甜。第69頁(yè)/共85頁(yè)Agooddealwentoninthefarmwhichhe—herfather—didnotknow.農(nóng)莊里發(fā)生了許多事情，他

─

她的父親

─

并不知道。（并列）

如果從句結(jié)構(gòu)較長(zhǎng)、關(guān)系復(fù)雜，或譯成漢語(yǔ)前置定語(yǔ)詞組太啰嗦而且不符合漢語(yǔ)表達(dá)習(xí)慣，譯者可以譯成后置的并列分句。但是應(yīng)注意分析修飾和限定關(guān)系，安排符合原句意義表達(dá)的邏輯關(guān)系。第70頁(yè)/共85頁(yè)Hewillshowhertheplacewheretheycouldmakeherlooklikealady—fornexttonothing.Hewasthewriterwhowasmovingintothepracticalactivities.他是一個(gè)作家，正在從事實(shí)踐活動(dòng)。（描述性邏輯表達(dá)）（對(duì)比）他是一個(gè)正在從事實(shí)踐活動(dòng)的作家。（限定性邏輯表達(dá)）他可以把她帶到那個(gè)地方去，在那里他們會(huì)把她打扮成一個(gè)淑女，而且花不了幾個(gè)錢。（并列）第71頁(yè)/共85頁(yè)Therewasanotherpersonwhoseemedtohaveanswers.另外一個(gè)人似乎胸有成竹。

融合法是把原句中的主語(yǔ)和定語(yǔ)從句融合在一起，譯成一個(gè)獨(dú)立的句子。比如英語(yǔ)中“thereare/is…”的句型處理，或者將定語(yǔ)從句轉(zhuǎn)化而成的謂語(yǔ)，與將英語(yǔ)主句壓縮成漢語(yǔ)詞組而形成的主語(yǔ)結(jié)合起來(lái)，構(gòu)成一個(gè)獨(dú)立的漢語(yǔ)句子。第72頁(yè)/共85頁(yè)Hisopposite,themanwhoisinthehabitofdoingmorethanwhatisstrictlynecessaryandwhoisreadytoacceptwhatisofferedinreturn,israreeverywhere.與前一種人相反，另一種人習(xí)慣于干得比他應(yīng)該干的要多，付給他多少報(bào)酬他都樂(lè)于接受，這種人哪里都很罕見(jiàn)。第73頁(yè)/共85頁(yè)Therewassomethingoriginalandindependentabouttheplan

thatpleasedallofthem.這個(gè)方案富有創(chuàng)意而且別出心裁，所以使他們都很喜歡。（強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果）

有些定語(yǔ)從句從交際功能上分析，起到狀語(yǔ)從句的修飾職能。當(dāng)定語(yǔ)從句與主句之間存在說(shuō)明原因、結(jié)果、目的、讓步、假設(shè)等邏輯關(guān)系的修飾功能時(shí)，譯者應(yīng)注意理清這些邏輯關(guān)系，做出相應(yīng)條件句型的轉(zhuǎn)換。第74頁(yè)/共85頁(yè)Thegovernmentofficerwasgivingadinnerforafewpeoplewhomhewishedespeciallytotalkto.Sheseekshappinessinselfishenjoymentwhereitcanneverbefound.她在自私的享樂(lè)中尋求幸福，結(jié)果是永遠(yuǎn)也找不到幸福。(強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果)政府官員只宴請(qǐng)了幾個(gè)人，因?yàn)樗氐叵牒瓦@些人談?wù)劇?強(qiáng)調(diào)原因)第75頁(yè)/共85頁(yè)寫作實(shí)踐：AnApplicationLetterforaPart-timeSummerJob相關(guān)鏈接第76頁(yè)/共85頁(yè)1)你想申請(qǐng)暑期兼職電腦營(yíng)銷員的工作；2)簡(jiǎn)述你的學(xué)業(yè)及相關(guān)經(jīng)歷；3)期望得到對(duì)方的及早答復(fù)。Directions:Writeacompositiononthetopic“AnApplicationLetterforaPart-timeSummerJob”.Yourcompositionshouldbenolessthan120wordsaccordingtotheoutlinegivenbelowinChinese:第77頁(yè)/共85頁(yè)AnApplicationLetterforaPart-timeSummerJobJune20,2006DearSirorMadam:Iamwritingtoinquirewhetherthereisavacancyforapart-timecomputersalespersonduringthesummervacation.Fromyourcompa