英漢篇章翻譯（技巧綜合剖析）Category:本科四年級(jí)Keywords:comprehensiveanalysis,transliteration,literaltranslation,annotation,division,hypotaxis,E-CtranslationAbstract:Itdiscussesthecomprehensiveanalysisofsuchmajortechniquesastransliteration+annotation,literaltranslationandannotation,divisionandhypotaxisusedintexttranslating.Compiler:《英語(yǔ)世界》Date:2000/7E-CPassage2AConnecticutYankeeinKingArthur'sCourt(1)DuringaguidedtourofWarwickCastleTwainmeetsafellowAmericanwhoseemsstrangelyfamiliarwiththemedievalworld.(2)ThateveningthemanvisitsTwaininhishotelroomwithastrangestorytotell.(3)Heis,heexplains,aYankeefromConnecticut-shrewd,hard,unsentimentalstock-andworkedinthearmsbusiness.(4)Onedayhewasknockedoutinafightatthefactoryand,whenherecoveredconsciousness,foundhimselfinArthurianEnglandintheyear528.(5)SirKayappearsandescortstheYankeetoCamelot.(6)Hequicklymakesfriendswithaservant,Clarence,andlearnsthatheisSirKay'sprisoner.(7)HeistakentotheGreatHallwheretheKnightsoftheRoundTablearecelebratingandboastingoftheirdeedsatarms.(8)HethinksArthurandhisknightsengaginglynativebutisshockedbytheircoarsenessandtheirinhumanetreatmentoftheservants.(9)MerlintellshowKingArthurgothisswordExcaliburfromtheLadyoftheLake,buttheotherknightsaresofamiliarwiththestorythattheyfallasleep.(10)SirKayexhibitstheYankeetothecompanyandgivesaridiculouslyexaggeratedaccountofhiscapture.（11）TheYankeeiscondemnedtodiethenextday.亞瑟王朝廷里的康涅狄格州美國(guó)人馬克吐溫在導(dǎo)游指引下旅行沃雷克城堡時(shí)，認(rèn)識(shí)了一位對(duì)中世紀(jì)世界仿佛異樣熟習(xí)的美國(guó)同胞。(2)當(dāng)日夜晚，此君到達(dá)吐溫住宿的旅店房間拜見(jiàn)吐溫，敘述了一個(gè)奇怪的故事。(3)他告訴吐溫，他是來(lái)自康涅狄格州的美國(guó)人--屬于聰明干練、厲害、不感情用事的種類――在軍械工廠做工。(4)有一天，他在工廠與人打斗被打得昏倒過(guò)去，醒來(lái)后發(fā)現(xiàn)自己到達(dá)了公元528年亞瑟王時(shí)代的英國(guó)。(5)凱伊爵士出現(xiàn)了，他押解這位美國(guó)佬到卡米洛。(6)美國(guó)佬很快跟侍從克拉倫斯交上了朋友，這才得悉自己已成為凱伊爵士的俘虜。(7)他被帶上大殿，圓桌騎士們正在那邊慶賀和炫耀他們的戰(zhàn)功。(8)他感覺(jué)亞瑟王及其騎士們天真得可愛(ài)，但他們魯莽無(wú)禮、凌虐奴仆的行為又令他感覺(jué)震撼。(9)默林?jǐn)⑹銎饋喩踉鯓訌暮戏蛉四沁厞Z得神劍的故事，但其余騎士早就聽(tīng)膩了，結(jié)果他們都昏昏入眠。(10)凱伊爵士向大家展現(xiàn)那個(gè)美國(guó)佬，同時(shí)表達(dá)了俘獲他的經(jīng)過(guò)，言辭夸張，荒誕可笑。（11）美國(guó)佬被判極刑，將于第二天履行。[注]1英國(guó)有名古城堡，建于11世紀(jì)，內(nèi)有多處遺跡，位于距倫敦不遠(yuǎn)處的景色區(qū)英國(guó)古代亞瑟王傳奇中的圓桌騎士之一傳說(shuō)中英國(guó)亞瑟王宮廷所在地圓桌騎士團(tuán)，傳說(shuō)中亞瑟王麾下的150名騎士英國(guó)亞瑟王傳奇中的預(yù)知家和魔法師湖上夫人，別名薇薇安女巫，為亞瑟王傳說(shuō)中的妖婦（選自《英語(yǔ)世界》總146（7/2000）期，105-106頁(yè)）[剖析](transliteration+annotation)這段文字采納的主要翻譯技巧是：音譯加注，直譯加注(literaltranslation+annotation)，切分(division)，形合(hypotaxis)等。句⑴DuringaguidedtourofWarwickCastleTwainmeetsafellowAmericanwhoseemsstrangelyfamiliarwiththemedievalworld.視角變換(shiftofperspective)；馬克·土溫-增詞(amplification);guided--

釋義(paraphrase)

；WarwickCastle--

音譯加注(transliteration+annotation)

，直譯加注(literaltranslation+annotation)

。句⑵ThateveningthemanvisitsTwaininhishotelroomwithastrangestorytotell.切分(division)

；theman--選詞(diction)

；Twain--

重復(fù)(repetition)

。句⑶Heis,heexplains,aYankeefromConnecticut-shrewd,hard,unsentimentalstock-andworkedinthearmsbusiness.視角變換(shiftofperspective)；吐溫--增詞(amplification)；shrewd,hard,unsentimental--選詞(diction)；Connecticut--標(biāo)準(zhǔn)漢音(usingthestandardpronunciationoftheChinesecharacter)。句⑷Onedayhewasknockedoutinafightatthefactoryand,whenherecoveredconsciousness,foundhimselfinArthurianEnglandintheyear528.inafight--詞性變換(conversion)；Arthurian--音譯(transliteration)

；公元--增詞(amplification)。句⑸SirKayappearsandescortstheYankeetoCamelot.SirKay--音譯加注(transliteration+annotation)，直譯加注(literaltranslation+annotation)；escorts--選詞(diction)；Camelot--音譯加注(transliteration+annotation)。句⑹HequicklymakesfriendswiheisSirKay'sprisoner.

thaservant,Clarence,andlearnsthatHe--詳細(xì)化(specification)

；Clarence--

音譯(transliteration)

。句⑺HeistakentotheGreatHallwheretheKnightsoftheRoundTablearecelebratingandboastingoftheirdeedsatarms.切分(division)；theKnightsoftheRoundTable--直譯加注(literaltranslation+annotation)。句⑻HethinksArthurandhisknightsengaginglynaivebutisshockedbytheircoarsenessandtheirinhumanetreatmentoftheservants.語(yǔ)態(tài)變換(shiftofperspectiveintermsofvoice)；engagingly--選詞(diction)；"的行為"--增詞(amplification)。句⑼MerlintellshowKingArthurgothisswordExcaliburfromtheLadyoftheLake,buttheotherknightsaresofamiliarwiththestorythattheyfallasleep.Merlin--音譯加注(transliteration+annotation)；hisswordExcalibur--大要化(generalization)；theLadyoftheLake--直譯加注(literaltranslation+annotation)。"but"--切分(division)；"aresofamiliarwithfallasleep"--選詞(diction)。句⑽S