中考沖刺語法專題突破——介詞命題點(diǎn)1時(shí)間介詞辨析表示時(shí)間“在……時(shí)”，at/in/on區(qū)別：▲at：接具體幾點(diǎn)鐘、黎明，中午、午夜、日出、日落等。atdawn在黎明atdaybreak/sunrise/sunset在黎明/日出/日落atnoon/night/midnight在中午/晚上/午夜atthattime在那時(shí)atthemoment在此刻attheweekend在周末▲in：接世紀(jì)、年份、月份、季節(jié)；泛指的上下午、晚上等。 inthe21stcentury在21世紀(jì) in2023在2023年inspring/summer/autumn/winter在春天/夏天/秋天/冬天 inthedaytime/morning/afternoon/evening在白天/早上/下午/晚上inthreedays三天后（in+時(shí)間段——將來時(shí)）▲on：接特定的上下午晚上（與in區(qū)分?。恍瞧趲?、幾月幾號(hào)或節(jié)日前。 onMonday/Tuesday在周一/周二 onJune1st,2019在2019年6月1日onawarmspringmorning在春天一個(gè)暖和的早晨onweekdays在工作日onthemorningofMarch21st在三月21日的早上注意：在this,last,next,every等詞前面不能再加介詞，如：thisafternoon今天下午lastFriday上周五nextSunday下周日everyMonday每周一【即時(shí)訓(xùn)練】用in/on/at填空I'llbeathome___________Sundaymorning.Youcanphonemethen.Weusuallyhavethefirstclass____________8：00a．m.Thisdiscoverydiscovery:n.發(fā)現(xiàn)issaidtobethemostamazingone_____________the21stdiscovery:n.發(fā)現(xiàn)Itisstrangestrange:adj.奇怪的strange:adj.奇怪的Iseldomdrivetocompanycompany:n.公司；陪伴company:n.公司；陪伴Myyoungerbrotherwasplayingthepiano________thattime.I'mgoingout.I'llbeback__________anhour.Healwaysdoesapart-timejob__________thedaytime.Theywenthikinghiking:n.遠(yuǎn)足hiking:n.遠(yuǎn)足命題點(diǎn)2其他?？紩r(shí)間介詞辨析▲表示“在一段時(shí)間之后”時(shí)，in&after的區(qū)別in+時(shí)間段：用于將來時(shí)：MybrotherwillbebackfromRomeinafewdays.我哥哥幾天后從羅馬回來。after+時(shí)間段：用于過去時(shí)：Wefinishedtheworkaftertwodays.我們兩天后完成了工作?！硎尽把永m(xù)性的一段時(shí)間”時(shí)，for與since的區(qū)別（常用于完成時(shí)） for+時(shí)間段：WehavelivedinShenzhenfortenyears.我們已經(jīng)在深圳住了十年。 since+時(shí)間點(diǎn)：Shehasbecomealawyersince2020.她自2020年開始就是個(gè)律師。▲during+時(shí)間段：表示“在……期間”，如：duringthewar在戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)期間 duringtheepidemic在疫情期間 ▲by+時(shí)間點(diǎn)，表示“到……為止”，（常用于完成時(shí)）如：Itwillbecoolbytomorrowmorning.到明天早上就會(huì)變涼快。Wehadlearned1,500wordsbylastmonth.到上個(gè)月為止，我們已學(xué)了1500個(gè)詞?！鴗ill/until+時(shí)間點(diǎn)，表示“直到……”/“直到……才”，具體用法：①在否定句中：“not...until...”表示“直到...才”，謂語動(dòng)詞用短暫性動(dòng)詞，如：Shedoesn’tfallasleepuntil11o’clock.她直到11點(diǎn)才睡著。②在肯定句中：表示“直到……為止”為止，謂語動(dòng)詞用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，如：Youmustwaituntil11o’clock.你必須等到11點(diǎn)鐘為止?！炯磿r(shí)訓(xùn)練】用in/on/at/during/until/by/for/since/after填空Helefthomeandwenttothenorth_____________twodays.Myfatherwillbebackfromabroad__________threemonths.Peopleallwearmasksmask:n.口罩______________theepidemicmask:n.口罩epidemic:n.疫情Ellawassoenergeticenergetic:adj.充滿活力的(energy:n.能量)energetic:adj.充滿活力的(energy:n.能量)Itwillbecool_______________tomorrowmorning.Soyou’dbettertakeyourcoat.Look!Mr.Linhasbeenwaiting_____________tenhours.COVID-19(新冠)hasspreadspread:v./n.蔓延spread:v./n.蔓延Wehadmemorizedmemorize：v.記住(memory:n.記憶力)1,500words_____________theendoflasttermmemorize：v.記住(memory:n.記憶力)term:n.學(xué)期；術(shù)語命題點(diǎn)3地點(diǎn)、方位介詞辨析表示“在……（地方）”時(shí)，at與in的區(qū)別：▲at+小地點(diǎn)（如：家、車站、門口等），如：athome在家/atthestation在車站▲in+大地點(diǎn)（如：國(guó)家、城市、鄉(xiāng)村等），如：inChina在中國(guó)intheworld在世界上inthevillage在村莊表示兩地位置相對(duì)時(shí)，at/in/on的區(qū)別：in:表在范圍之內(nèi)：GuangdongliesinthesoutheastofChina.廣東在中國(guó)東南部。on:表兩地接壤（貼貼）：GuangxiliesonthewestofGuangdong.廣西在廣東的西部。to:表在范圍之外，且不接壤：JapanliestotheeastofChina.日本在中國(guó)的東邊。over,under,on,beneath,below,above(表“上下關(guān)系”)介詞含義與用法例句over“在...正上方”，兩者不接觸Wecanbuildabridgeovertheriver.我們可以在河上建一座橋。under“在...正下方”，兩者不接觸Mycatislyingunderthechair.我的貓貓?zhí)稍谝巫酉?。on“在...上方”，指與物體表面接觸Jim’sglassesareonhisdesk.Jim的眼鏡在書桌上。beneath“在...下方”，指與物體表面接觸Beneaththeblanketisarabbit.在毯子下面有一只兔子。below“在...下方”，兩者不接觸，不一定垂直Thetemperatureisbelowzero.溫度在零度以下。above“在...上方”，兩者不接觸，不一定垂直Theplaneisflyingabovetheforest.飛機(jī)在森林上空飛行。near,beside,nextto,behind介詞用法例句near在……附近Myhomeisneartheschool.beside在……旁邊Comeandsitbesidemesowecantalk.nextto緊靠著...緊挨著...Thesupermarketisnexttothepostoffice.behind在……后面LiLeiisstandingbehindme.表示運(yùn)動(dòng)方向或目的的介詞：through;across;along;over;to;towards;for▲“穿過”：through表示空間上“穿過”；across表示“穿過”物體表面或橫過▲over在物體的上方“超過”▲along表示“沿著”，如：walkalongthestreet沿著這條街一直走▲to表示動(dòng)作的目的地；towards指“朝向”，無到達(dá)的意思，for表示前往目的地，連用的動(dòng)詞有l(wèi)eavefor出發(fā)去,setoutfor動(dòng)身去……,headfor去…,sailfor船開向……等between&among：都表示“在……之間”①between:用于在兩者之間，固定搭配為“between...and...”②among:用于（三者以上）之間，如：Therearesometalentsamongthesegirls.在這些女孩中，有一些天才。infrontof（在外部的前面）&inthefrontof（在內(nèi)部的前面）【即時(shí)訓(xùn)練】用across/over/behind/on/in/to/under/beneath/above/along/beside/nextto/through/between/among/infrontof/inthefrontof填空Don’tsayanythingbadaboutothers___________theirback.It’simpoliteimpolite:adj.不禮貌的(polite:禮貌的)impolite:adj.不禮貌的(polite:禮貌的)Look!Thepicture____________thewallisamazing!Theairplaneisflying______________theforest.Therearesomechildrenstanding____________thetree.Trade

trade:n.貿(mào)易_________________thetwocountrieshasincreasedtrade:n.貿(mào)易increase:v.增加Youmustn’tgo____________theroadwhenthetrafficlightisred.Walk___________thestreetandturnleftatthefirstcrossroadcrossroad:n.路口crossroad:n.路口Athiefclimbed_______________thewindowandstolestole:v.偷(steal的過去式)stole:v.偷(steal的過去式)Iwenttothecinematowatchthelatestlatest:adj.最新的latest:adj.最新的Thecanalcanal:n.運(yùn)河wasbuilt

________________canal:n.運(yùn)河_____________allthesportsstars,heisthemostoutstanding(出色的)one.Ourheadteacherisstanding_________________(infrontof/inthefrontof)theclassroom.命題點(diǎn)4方式介詞辨析介詞用法例句byby+交通工具Heoftengoestoschoolbybike.by+V-ing形式，表示“通過...方式”HelearnsEnglishbylisteningtotheradio.他通過聽收音機(jī)來學(xué)英語。inin+語言/語調(diào)/顏色PleasesayitinChinese.請(qǐng)用中文說。Don’tspeakinaloudvoice.請(qǐng)勿大聲喧嘩。in...way表示“用……方式”inthisway用這種方式indifferentways用不同方式on在網(wǎng)絡(luò)/收音機(jī)/電視/電話Helistenstomusicontheradio.with表示“用”某種工具或身體的某一部位或器官，伴隨Rubthewindowwithapieceofcloth.用一塊布擦窗戶。without表示“沒有”Withoutyourhelp,Icouldn’tfinishthetask.【即時(shí)訓(xùn)練】用in/on/by/with/without填空It’snotsafesafe:adj.安全的(safety:n.安全)safe:adj.安全的(safety:n.安全)Pleaseintroduceintroduce:v.介紹(introduction:n.介紹)introduce:v.介紹(introduction:n.介紹)We’dbetterhandlehandle:v.處理(==dealwith解決==tackle解決)thisproblem____________apeacefulhandle:v.處理(==dealwith解決==tackle解決)peaceful:adj.和平的(peace:n.和平)WeChineseoftenhavemeals___________chopstickschopsticks:n.筷子chopsticks:n.筷子Monicaintendstointendto:計(jì)劃做……(==wantto/plantodo...計(jì)劃做)improveintendto:計(jì)劃做……(==wantto/plantodo...計(jì)劃做)improve:v.提高It’smoreconvenientconvenient:adj.方便的(convenience:n.便利)convenient:adj.方便的(convenience:n.便利)Humanbeingscannotlive_____________airandwater.命題點(diǎn)5其他介詞辨析介詞含義及用法例句about“關(guān)于”Couldyoutellmeaboutyourlife？你能說說你的生活嗎？“大約”Thenumberoftheclassisabout50.學(xué)生大約50個(gè)。for給...,對(duì)...而言,為了...Letmedoitforyou.讓我為你做這件事。from來自...；從……；以...起始befrom=comefrom來自of屬于...的，表示“...的數(shù)量或種類”Itwasbeginningofthenewterm.這是新學(xué)期的開始。like“像...一樣”，其實(shí)不是事實(shí)Helookslikeasuperstar.他像一個(gè)超級(jí)巨星。as“作為...,以...身份”，表事實(shí)Letmespeaktoyouasafriend.讓我以朋友身份和你說beyond超出，在...較遠(yuǎn)的那一邊Thisexercisewasbeyondtheabilitiesofmostofthestudents.這份練習(xí)遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過了絕大多數(shù)學(xué)生的能力。except“除了……”Shepunishedeveryoneexceptme.她罰了所有人，除了我。against表示“對(duì)抗”O(jiān)urteamplayedagainstyoursandwewon.我們隊(duì)和你們打比賽，然后我們贏了。表示“反對(duì)”Iamagainstheropinions.我不同意她的觀點(diǎn)。表示“違背”Hisbehaviorgoesagainstouragreement.他的行為違背了我們的約定。by表示“在……邊上”Helivesbytheriver.他住在河邊。around表示“周圍”、“大約”Theywalkedaroundthelake.他們繞著這條河走?！炯磿r(shí)訓(xùn)練】用except/beyond/for/to/as/of/from/behind/against/by/like/around填空Weallhaveaparttoplayinthefight_____________crimecrime:n.犯罪(criminal:n.罪犯)crime:n.犯罪(criminal:n.罪犯)—Louise,youaretheonlyonewhogotfullpointinthefinalexam!—Really?Itis____________myexpectationexpectation:n.預(yù)料，預(yù)期(expect:v.期望)expectation:n.預(yù)料，預(yù)期(expect:v.期望)___________astudent,youshouldfocusonfocuson:集中注意力于……(==concentrateon...)focuson:集中注意力于……(==concentrateon...)Betty,thegirlwhoiswearingadress,isafriend___________mine.Thelittlegirlisdancing__________aprincess.Ican’tseeLucybecausesheis______________thetree.Somestudentswork__________waitersaftergraduationgraduation:n.畢業(yè)(graduate:v.畢業(yè))graduation:n.畢業(yè)(graduate:v.畢業(yè))Dearmom,happybirthday!Thisblueberrycakeis___________you.—AretheyFrench?—No,mostofthestaffstaff:n.員工staff:n.員工Eatingtoomuchjunkfoodisbad___________yourhealth.Ilikeallthesubjects,__________physics.Letmeshowyou___________thecity.綜合練習(xí)Onsunnydays,mygrandmaoftenreadsanovel______________thewindow.

A.by B.for C.with D.fromBeijingExpo2019openedtothepublic________29thApril.Itwilllastoverfivemonths.

A.at B.in C.on D.of—IwanttowatchTVthewholedayafterthelongjourneyjourney:n.旅程.

—Youshouldn’twatchTVtoomuch.It’sbad_________youreyes.

A.on B.in C.for journey:n.旅程Thehighspeedtrain________QingdaoandBeijingtravelsfasternow.Thetrainridetakesonly3hours.

A.from B.among C.in D.betweenHewrotehisphonenumber__________apieceofpaper.

A.on B.for C.in D.fromTomygreatjoy,myfamilyisalways________mewhateverIdecidetodo.

A.behind B.to C.from D.againstWeplantedsomeflowers___________thegardenyesterday.

A.on B.to C.in D.ofThisstoryis_________simpleEnglish.Mylittlesistercanreadit.

A.for B.in C.with D.byIthinkteawilltastebetter_________somemilkinit.

A.for B.with C.from D.at—ShallIhelpyougo_________thestreet,Grandpa?—No,thanks.Icanmanagemanage:v.設(shè)法成功做……；管理itbymyself.

A.on B.over C.across manage:v.設(shè)法成功做……；管理Johnoftentakesawalk__________hisgrandpaafterdinner.

A.to B.for C.along D.withMyEnglishteacheralwayscomesintotheclassroom_______asmile.

A.by B.for C.on D.with---Isthatyourheadmaster?---Youmeantheman_______blue?

A.on B.with C.in D.byHumanscannotmakeprogressMakeprogress:取得進(jìn)步___________dreams.

A.with B.without C.through Makeprogress:取得進(jìn)步XinhuaZidian，ortheNewChineseDictionary，wasfirstpublishedpublish:v.出版______1953.

A．on B．in C．a(chǎn)t pub