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喬布斯2005年斯坦福大學(xué)畢業(yè)演講英文版(常用版)(可以直接使用,可編輯完整版資料,歡迎下載)
喬布斯2005年斯坦福大學(xué)畢業(yè)演講英文版喬布斯2005年斯坦福大學(xué)畢業(yè)演講英文版(常用版)(可以直接使用,可編輯完整版資料,歡迎下載)'You'vegottofindwhatyoulove,'JobssaysThisisthetextoftheCommencementaddressbySteveJobs,CEOofAppleComputerandofPixarAnimationStudios,deliveredonJune12,2005.Iamhonoredtobewithyoutodayatyourcommencementfromoneofthefinestuniversitiesintheworld.Inevergraduatedfromcollege.Truthbetold,thisistheclosestI'veevergottentoacollegegraduation.TodayIwanttotellyouthreestoriesfrommylife.That'sit.Nobigdeal.Justthreestories.Thefirststoryisaboutconnectingthedots.IdroppedoutofReedCollegeafterthefirst6months,butthenstayedaroundasadrop-inforanother18monthsorsobeforeIreallyquit.SowhydidIdropout?ItstartedbeforeIwasborn.Mybiologicalmotherwasayoung,unwedcollegegraduatestudent,andshedecidedtoputmeupforadoption.ShefeltverystronglythatIshouldbeadoptedbycollegegraduates,soeverythingwasallsetformetobeadoptedatbirthbyalawyerandhiswife.ExceptthatwhenIpoppedouttheydecidedatthelastminutethattheyreallywantedagirl.Somyparents,whowereonawaitinglist,gotacallinthemiddleofthenightasking:"Wehaveanunexpectedbabyboy;doyouwanthim?"Theysaid:"Ofcourse."Mybiologicalmotherlaterfoundoutthatmymotherhadnevergraduatedfromcollegeandthatmyfatherhadnevergraduatedfromhighschool.Sherefusedtosignthefinaladoptionpapers.SheonlyrelentedafewmonthslaterwhenmyparentspromisedthatIwouldsomedaygotocollege.And17yearslaterIdidgotocollege.ButInaivelychoseacollegethatwasalmostasexpensiveasStanford,andallofmyworking-classparents'savingswerebeingspentonmycollegetuition.Aftersixmonths,Icouldn'tseethevalueinit.IhadnoideawhatIwantedtodowithmylifeandnoideahowcollegewasgoingtohelpmefigureitout.AndhereIwasspendingallofthemoneymyparentshadsavedtheirentirelife.SoIdecidedtodropoutandtrustthatitwouldallworkoutOK.Itwasprettyscaryatthetime,butlookingbackitwasoneofthebestdecisionsIevermade.TheminuteIdroppedoutIcouldstoptakingtherequiredclassesthatdidn'tinterestme,andbegindroppinginontheonesthatlookedinteresting。Itwasn'tallromantic.Ididn'thaveadormroom,soIsleptonthefloorinfriends'rooms,Ireturnedcokebottlesforthe5¢depositstobuyfoodwith,andIwouldwalkthe7milesacrosstowneverySundaynighttogetonegoodmealaweekattheHareKrishnatemple.Ilovedit.AndmuchofwhatIstumbledintobyfollowingmycuriosityandintuitionturnedouttobepricelesslateron.Letmegiveyouoneexample:ReedCollegeatthattimeofferedperhapsthebestcalligraphyinstructioninthecountry.Throughoutthecampuseveryposter,everylabeloneverydrawer,wasbeautifullyhandcalligraphed.BecauseIhaddroppedoutanddidn'thavetotakethenormalclasses,Idecidedtotakeacalligraphyclasstolearnhowtodothis.Ilearnedaboutserifandsanseriftypefaces,aboutvaryingtheamountofspacebetweendifferentlettercombinations,aboutwhatmakesgreattypographygreat.Itwasbeautiful,historical,artisticallysubtleinawaythatsciencecan'tcapture,andIfounditfascinating.Noneofthishadevenahopeofanypracticalapplicationinmylife.Buttenyearslater,whenweweredesigningthefirstMacintoshcomputer,itallcamebacktome.AndwedesigneditallintotheMac.Itwasthefirstcomputerwithbeautifultypography.IfIhadneverdroppedinonthatsinglecourseincollege,theMacwouldhaveneverhadmultipletypefacesorproportionallyspacedfonts.AndsinceWindowsjustcopiedtheMac,itslikelythatnopersonalcomputerwouldhavethem.IfIhadneverdroppedout,Iwouldhaveneverdroppedinonthiscalligraphyclass,andpersonalcomputersmightnothavethewonderfultypographythattheydo.OfcourseitwasimpossibletoconnectthedotslookingforwardwhenIwasincollege.Butitwasvery,veryclearlookingbackwardstenyearslater.Again,youcan'tconnectthedotslookingforward;youcanonlyconnectthemlookingbackwards.Soyouhavetotrustthatthedotswillsomehowconnectinyourfuture.Youhavetotrustinsomething—yourgut,destiny,life,karma,whatever.Thisapproachhasneverletmedown,andithasmadeallthedifferenceinmylife.Mysecondstoryisaboutloveandloss.Iwaslucky—IfoundwhatIlovedtodoearlyinlife.WozandIstartedAppleinmyparentsgaragewhenIwas20.Weworkedhard,andin10yearsApplehadgrownfromjustthetwoofusinagarageintoa$2billioncompanywithover4000employees.Wehadjustreleasedourfinestcreation—theMacintosh—ayearearlier,andIhadjustturned30.AndthenIgotfired.Howcanyougetfiredfromacompanyyoustarted?Well,asApplegrewwehiredsomeonewhoIthoughtwasverytalentedtorunthecompanywithme,andforthefirstyearorsothingswentwell.Butthenourvisionsofthefuturebegantodivergeandeventuallywehadafallingout.Whenwedid,ourBoardofDirectorssidedwithhim.Soat30Iwasout.Andverypubliclyout.Whathadbeenthefocusofmyentireadultlifewasgone,anditwasdevastating.Ireallydidn'tknowwhattodoforafewmonths.IfeltthatIhadletthepreviousgenerationofentrepreneursdown-thatIhaddroppedthebatonasitwasbeingpassedtome.ImetwithDavidPackardandBobNoyceandtriedtoapologizeforscrewingupsobadly.Iwasaverypublicfailure,andIeventhoughtaboutrunningawayfromthevalley.Butsomethingslowlybegantodawnonme—IstilllovedwhatIdid.TheturnofeventsatApplehadnotchangedthatonebit.Ihadbeenrejected,butIwasstillinlove.AndsoIdecidedtostartover.Ididn'tseeitthen,butitturnedoutthatgettingfiredfromApplewasthebestthingthatcouldhaveeverhappenedtome.Theheavinessofbeingsuccessfulwasreplacedbythelightnessofbeingabeginneragain,lesssureabouteverything.Itfreedmetoenteroneofthemostcreativeperiodsofmylife.Duringthenextfiveyears,IstartedacompanynamedNeXT,anothercompanynamedPixar,andfellinlovewithanamazingwomanwhowouldbecomemywife.Pixarwentontocreatetheworldsfirstcomputeranimatedfeaturefilm,ToyStory,andisnowthemostsuccessfulanimationstudiointheworld.Inaremarkableturnofevents,AppleboughtNeXT,IretunedtoApple,andthetechnologywedevelopedatNeXTisattheheartofApple'scurrentrenaissance.AndLaureneandIhaveawonderfulfamilytogether.I'mprettysurenoneofthiswouldhavehappenedifIhadn'tbeenfiredfromApple.Itwasawfultastingmedicine,butIguessthepatientneededit.Sometimeslifehitsyouintheheadwithabrick.Don'tlosefaith.I'mconvincedthattheonlythingthatkeptmegoingwasthatIlovedwhatIdid.You'vegottofindwhatyoulove.Andthatisastrueforyourworkasitisforyourlovers.Yourworkisgoingtofillalargepartofyourlife,andtheonlywaytobetrulysatisfiedistodowhatyoubelieveisgreatwork.Andtheonlywaytodogreatworkistolovewhatyoudo.Ifyouhaven'tfoundityet,keeplooking.Don'tsettle.Aswithallmattersoftheheart,you'llknowwhenyoufindit.And,likeanygreatrelationship,itjustgetsbetterandbetterastheyearsrollon.Sokeeplookinguntilyoufindit.Don'tsettle.Mythirdstoryisaboutdeath.WhenIwas17,Ireadaquotethatwentsomethinglike:"Ifyouliveeachdayasifitwasyourlast,somedayyou'llmostcertainlyberight."Itmadeanimpressiononme,andsincethen,forthepast33years,Ihavelookedinthemirroreverymorningandaskedmyself:"Iftodaywerethelastdayofmylife,wouldIwanttodowhatIamabouttodotoday?"Andwhenevertheanswerhasbeen"No"fortoomanydaysinarow,IknowIneedtochangesomething.RememberingthatI'llbedeadsoonisthemostimportanttoolI'veeverencounteredtohelpmemakethebigchoicesinlife.Becausealmosteverything—allexternalexpectations,allpride,allfearofembarrassmentorfailure-thesethingsjustfallawayinthefaceofdeath,leavingonlywhatistrulyimportant.RememberingthatyouaregoingtodieisthebestwayIknowtoavoidthetrapofthinkingyouhavesomethingtolose.Youarealreadynaked.Thereisnoreasonnottofollowyourheart.AboutayearagoIwasdiagnosedwithcancer.Ihadascanat7:30inthemorning,anditclearlyshowedatumoronmypancreas.Ididn'tevenknowwhatapancreaswas.Thedoctorstoldmethiswasalmostcertainlyatypeofcancerthatisincurable,andthatIshouldexpecttolivenolongerthanthreetosixmonths.Mydoctoradvisedmetogohomeandgetmyaffairsinorder,whichisdoctor'scodeforpreparetodie.Itmeanstotrytotellyourkidseverythingyouthoughtyou'dhavethenext10yearstotelltheminjustafewmonths.Itmeanstomakesureeverythingisbuttonedupsothatitwillbeaseasyaspossibleforyourfamily.Itmeanstosayyourgoodbyes.Ilivedwiththatdiagnosisallday.LaterthateveningIhadabiopsy,wheretheystuckanendoscopedownmythroat,throughmystomachandintomyintestines,putaneedleintomypancreasandgotafewcellsfromthetumor.Iwassedated,butmywife,whowasthere,toldmethatwhentheyviewedthecellsunderamicroscopethedoctorsstartedcryingbecauseitturnedouttobeaveryrareformofpancreaticcancerthatiscurablewithsurgery.IhadthesurgeryandI'mfinenow.ThiswastheclosestI'vebeentofacingdeath,andIhopeitstheclosestIgetforafewmoredecades.Havinglivedthroughit,Icannowsaythistoyouwithabitmorecertaintythanwhendeathwasausefulbutpurelyintellectualconcept:Noonewantstodie.Evenpeoplewhowanttogotoheavendon'twanttodietogetthere.Andyetdeathisthedestinationweallshare.Noonehaseverescapedit.Andthatisasitshouldbe,becauseDeathisverylikelythesinglebestinventionofLife.ItisLife'schangeagent.Itclearsouttheoldtomakewayforthenew.Rightnowthenewisyou,butsomedaynottoolongfromnow,youwillgraduallybecometheoldandbeclearedaway.Sorrytobesodramatic,butitisquitetrue.Yourtimeislimited,sodon'twasteitlivingsomeoneelse'slife.Don'tbetrappedbydogma—whichislivingwiththeresultsofotherpeople'sthinking.Don'tletthenoiseofothers'opinionsdrownoutyourowninnervoice.Andmostimportant,havethecouragetofollowyourheartandintuition.Theysomehowalreadyknowwhatyoutrulywanttobecome.Everythingelseissecondary.WhenIwasyoung,therewasanamazingpublicationcalledTheWholeEarthCatalog,whichwasoneofthebiblesofmygeneration.ItwascreatedbyafellownamedStewartBrandnotfarfromhereinMenloPark,andhebroughtittolifewithhispoetictouch.Thiswasinthelate1960's,beforepersonalcomputersanddesktoppublishing,soitwasallmadewithtypewriters,scissors,andpolaroidcameras.ItwassortoflikeGoogleinpaperbackform,35yearsbeforeGooglecamealong:itwasidealistic,andoverflowingwithneattoolsandgreatnotions.StewartandhisteamputoutseveralissuesofTheWholeEarthCatalog,andthenwhenithadrunitscourse,theyputoutafinalissue.Itwasthemid-1970s,andIwasyourage.Onthebackcoveroftheirfinalissuewasaphotographofanearlymorningcountryroad,thekindyoumightfindyourselfhitchhikingonifyouweresoadventurous.Beneathitwerethewords:"StayHungry.StayFoolish."Itwastheirfarewellmessageastheysignedoff.StayHungry.StayFoolish.AndIhavealwayswishedthatformyself.Andnow,asyougraduatetobeginanew,Iwishthatforyou.StayHungry.StayFoolish.喬布斯2005年斯坦福大學(xué)畢業(yè)演講中文版你必須要找到你所愛的東西很榮幸和大家一道參加這所世界上最好的一座大學(xué)的畢業(yè)典禮。我大學(xué)沒畢業(yè),說實話,這是我第一次離大學(xué)畢業(yè)典禮這么近。今天我想給大家講三個我自己的故事,不講別的,也不講大道理,就講三個故事。第一個故事講的是點與點之間的關(guān)系。我在里德學(xué)院(ReedCollege)只讀了六個月就退學(xué)了,此后便在學(xué)校里旁聽,又過了大約一年半,我徹底離開。那么,我為什么退學(xué)呢?這得從我出生前講起。我的生母是一名年輕的未婚在校研究生,她決定將我送給別人收養(yǎng)。她非常希望收養(yǎng)我的是有大學(xué)學(xué)歷的人,所以把一切都安排好了,我一出生就交給一對律師夫婦收養(yǎng)。沒想到我落地的霎那間,那對夫婦卻決定收養(yǎng)一名女孩。就這樣,我的養(yǎng)父母─當(dāng)時他們還在登記冊上排隊等著呢─半夜三更接到一個:“我們這兒有一個沒人要的男嬰,你們要么?”“當(dāng)然要”他們回答。但是,我的生母后來發(fā)現(xiàn)我的養(yǎng)母不是大學(xué)畢業(yè)生,我的養(yǎng)父甚至連中學(xué)都沒有畢業(yè),所以她拒絕在最后的收養(yǎng)文件上簽字。不過,沒過幾個月她就心軟了,因為我的養(yǎng)父母許諾日后一定送我上大學(xué)。17年后,我真的進了大學(xué)。當(dāng)時我很天真,選了一所學(xué)費幾乎和斯坦福大學(xué)一樣昂貴的學(xué)校,當(dāng)工人的養(yǎng)父母傾其所有的積蓄為我支付了大學(xué)學(xué)費。讀了六個月后,我卻看不出上學(xué)有什么意義。我既不知道自己這一生想干什么,也不知道大學(xué)是否能夠幫我弄明白自己想干什么。這時,我就要花光父母一輩子節(jié)省下來的錢了。所以,我決定退學(xué),并且堅信日后會證明我這樣做是對的。當(dāng)年做出這個決定時心里直打鼓,但現(xiàn)在回想起來,這還真是我有生以來做出的最好的決定之一。從退學(xué)那一刻起,我就可以不再選那些我毫無興趣的必修課,開始旁聽一些看上去有意思的課。那些日子一點兒都不浪漫。我沒有宿舍,只能睡在朋友房間的地板上。我去退還可樂瓶,用那五分錢的押金來買吃的。每個星期天晚上我都要走七英里,到城那頭的黑爾-科里施納禮拜堂去,吃每周才能享用一次的美餐。我喜歡這樣。我憑著好奇心和直覺所干的這些事情,有許多后來都證明是無價之寶。我給大家舉個例子:當(dāng)時,里德學(xué)院的書法課大概是全國最好的。校園里所有的公告欄和每個抽屜標(biāo)簽上的字都寫得非常漂亮。當(dāng)時我已經(jīng)退學(xué),不用正常上課,所以我決定選一門書法課,學(xué)學(xué)怎么寫好字。我學(xué)習(xí)寫帶短截線和不帶短截線的印刷字體,根據(jù)不同字母組合調(diào)整其間距,以及怎樣把版式調(diào)整得好上加好。這門課太棒了,既有歷史價值,又有藝術(shù)造詣,這一點科學(xué)就做不到,而我覺得它妙不可言。當(dāng)時我并不指望書法在以后的生活中能有什么實用價值。但是,十年之后,我們在設(shè)計第一臺Macintosh計算機時,它一下子浮現(xiàn)在我眼前。于是,我們把這些東西全都設(shè)計進了計算機中。這是第一臺有這么漂亮的文字版式的計算機。要不是我當(dāng)初在大學(xué)里偶然選了這么一門課,Macintosh計算機絕不會有那么多種印刷字體或間距安排合理的字號。要不是Windows照搬了Macintosh,個人電腦可能不會有這些字體和字號。要不是退了學(xué),我決不會碰巧選了這門書法課,個人電腦也可能不會有現(xiàn)在這些漂亮的版式了。當(dāng)然,我在大學(xué)里不可能從這一點上看到它與將來的關(guān)系。十年之后再回頭看,兩者之間的關(guān)系就非常、非常清楚了。你們同樣不可能從現(xiàn)在這個點上看到將來;只有回頭看時,才會發(fā)現(xiàn)它們之間的關(guān)系。所以,要相信這些點遲早會連接到一起。你們必須信賴某些東西─直覺、歸宿、生命,還有業(yè)力,等等。這樣做從來沒有讓我的希望落空過,而且還徹底改變了我的生活。我的第二個故事是關(guān)于好惡與得失。幸運的是,我在很小的時候就發(fā)現(xiàn)自己喜歡做什么。我在20歲時和沃茲(Woz,蘋果公司創(chuàng)始人之一Wozon的昵稱─譯注)在我父母的車庫里辦起了蘋果公司。我們干得很賣力,十年后,蘋果公司就從車庫里我們兩個人發(fā)展成為一個擁有20億元資產(chǎn)、4,000名員工的大企業(yè)。那時,我們剛剛推出了我們最好的產(chǎn)品─Macintosh電腦─那是在第9年,我剛滿30歲??珊髞?,我被解雇了。你怎么會被自己辦的公司解雇呢?是這樣,隨著蘋果公司越做越大,我們聘了一位我認(rèn)為非常有才華的人與我一道管理公司。在開始的一年多里,一切都很順利??墒牵S后我倆對公司前景的看法開始出現(xiàn)分歧,最后我倆反目了。這時,董事會站在了他那一邊,所以在30歲那年,我離開了公司,而且這件事鬧得滿城風(fēng)雨。我成年后的整個生活重心都沒有了,這使我心力交瘁。一連幾個月,我真的不知道應(yīng)該怎么辦。我感到自己給老一代的創(chuàng)業(yè)者丟了臉─因為我扔掉了交到自己手里的接力棒。我去見了戴維帕卡德(DavidPackard,惠普公司創(chuàng)始人之一─譯注)和鮑勃;諾伊斯(BobNoyce,英特爾公司創(chuàng)建者之一─譯注),想為把事情搞得這么糟糕說聲道歉。這次失敗弄得沸沸揚揚的,我甚至想過逃離硅谷。但是,漸漸地,我開始有了一個想法─我仍然熱愛我過去做的一切。在蘋果公司發(fā)生的這些風(fēng)波絲毫沒有改變這一點。我雖然被拒之門外,但我仍然深愛我的事業(yè)。于是,我決定從頭開始。雖然當(dāng)時我并沒有意識到,但事實證明,被蘋果公司炒魷魚是我一生中碰到的最好的事情。盡管前景未卜,但從頭開始的輕松感取代了保持成功的沉重感。這使我進入了一生中最富有創(chuàng)造力的時期之一。在此后的五年里,我開了一家名叫NeXT的公司和一家叫皮克斯的公司,我還愛上一位了不起的女人,后來娶了她。皮克斯公司推出了世界上第一部用電腦制作的動畫片《玩具總動員》(ToyStory),它現(xiàn)在是全球最成功的動畫制作室。世道輪回,蘋果公司買下NeXT后,我又回到了蘋果公司,我們在NeXT公司開發(fā)的技術(shù)成了蘋果公司這次重新崛起的核心。我和勞倫娜(Laurene)也建立了美滿的家庭。我確信,如果不是被蘋果公司解雇,這一切決不可能發(fā)生。這是一劑苦藥,可我認(rèn)為苦藥利于病。有時生活會當(dāng)頭給你一棒,但不要灰心。我堅信讓我一往無前的唯一力量就是我熱愛我所做的一切。所以,一定得知道自己喜歡什么,選擇愛人時如此,選擇工作時同樣如此。工作將是生活中的一大部分,讓自己真正滿意的唯一辦法,是做自己認(rèn)為是有意義的工作;做有意義的工作的唯一辦法,是熱愛自己的工作。你們?nèi)绻€沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)自己喜歡什么,那就不斷地去尋找,不要急于做出決定。就像一切要憑著感覺去做的事情一樣,一旦找到了自己喜歡的事,感覺就會告訴你。就像任何一種美妙的東西,歷久彌新。所以說,要不斷地尋找,直到找到自己喜歡的東西。不要半途而廢。我的第三個故事與死亡有關(guān)。17歲那年,我讀到過這樣一段話,大意是:“如果把每一天都當(dāng)作生命的最后一天,總有一天你會如愿以償?!蔽矣涀×诉@句話,從那時起,33年過去了,我每天早晨都對著鏡子自問:“假如今天是生命的最后一天,我還會去做今天要做的事嗎?”如果一連許多天我的回答都是“不”,我知道自己應(yīng)該有所改變了。讓我能夠做出人生重大抉擇的最主要辦法是,記住生命隨時都有可能結(jié)束。因為幾乎所有的東西─所有對自身之外的希求、所有的尊嚴(yán)、所有對困窘和失敗的恐懼─在死亡來臨時都將不復(fù)存在,只剩下真正重要的東西。記住自己隨時都會死去,這是我所知道的防止患得患失的最好方法。你已經(jīng)一無所有了,還有什么理由不跟著自己的感覺走呢。大約一年前,我被診斷患了癌癥。那天早上七點半,我做了一次掃描檢查,結(jié)果清楚地表明我的胰腺上長了一個瘤子,可那時我連胰腺是什么還不知道呢!醫(yī)生告訴我說,幾乎可以確診這是一種無法治愈的惡性腫瘤,我最多還能活3到6個月。醫(yī)生建議我回去把一切都安排好,其實這是在暗示“準(zhǔn)備后事”。也就是說,把今后十年要跟孩子們說的事情在這幾個月內(nèi)囑咐完;也就是說,把一切都安排妥當(dāng),盡可能不給家人留麻煩;也就是說,去跟大家訣別。那一整天里,我的腦子一直沒離開這個診斷。到了晚上,我做了一次組織切片檢查,他們把一個內(nèi)窺鏡通過喉嚨穿過我的胃進入腸子,用針頭在胰腺的瘤子上取了一些細胞組織。當(dāng)時我用了麻醉劑,陪在一旁的妻子后來告訴我,醫(yī)生在顯微鏡里看了細胞之后叫了起來,原來這是一種少見的可以通過外科手術(shù)治愈的惡性腫瘤。我做了手術(shù),現(xiàn)在好了。這是我和死神離得最近的一次,我希望也是今后幾十年里最近的一次。有了這次經(jīng)歷之后,現(xiàn)在我可以更加實在地和你們談?wù)撍劳?,而不是純粹紙上談兵,那就?誰都不愿意死。就是那些想進天堂的人也不愿意死后再進。然而,死亡是我們共同的歸宿,沒人能擺脫。我們注定會死,因為死亡很可能是生命最好的一項發(fā)明。它推進生命的變遷,舊的不去,新的不來。現(xiàn)在,你們就是新的,但在不久的將來,你們也會逐漸成為舊的,也會被淘汰。對不起,話說得太過分了,不過這是千真萬確的。你們的時間都有限,所以不要按照別人的意愿去活,這是浪費時間。不要囿于成見,那是在按照別人設(shè)想的結(jié)果而活。不要讓別人觀點的聒噪聲淹沒自己的心聲。最主要的是,要有跟著自己感覺和直覺走的勇氣。無論如何,感覺和直覺早就知道你到底想成為什么樣的人,其他都是次要的。我年輕時有一本非常好的刊物,叫《全球概覽》(TheWholeEarthCatalog),這是我那代人的寶書之一,創(chuàng)辦人名叫斯圖爾特&S226;布蘭德(StewartBrand),就住在離這兒不遠的門洛帕克市。他用詩一般的語言把刊物辦得生動活潑。那是20世紀(jì)60年代末,還沒有個人電腦和桌面印刷系統(tǒng),全靠打字機、剪刀和寶麗萊照相機(Polaroid)。它就像一種紙質(zhì)的Google,卻比Google早問世了35年。這份刊物太完美了,查閱手段齊備、構(gòu)思不凡。斯圖爾特和他的同事們出了好幾期《全球概覽》,到最后辦不下去時,他們出了最后一期。那是20世紀(jì)70年代中期,我也就是你們現(xiàn)在的年紀(jì)。最后一期的封底上是一張清晨鄉(xiāng)間小路的照片,就是那種愛冒險的人等在那兒搭便車的那種小路。照片下面寫道:好學(xué)若饑、謙卑若愚。那是他們??暗母鎰e辭。求知若渴,大智若愚。這也是我一直想做到的。眼下正值諸位大學(xué)畢業(yè)、開始新生活之際,我同樣愿大家:StayHungry.StayFoolish.好學(xué)若饑、謙卑若愚。溫家寶劍橋演講稿(英漢對照)用發(fā)展的眼光看中國SeeChinaintheLightofHerDevelopment━━在劍橋大學(xué)的演講SpeechattheUniversityofCambridge中華人民共和國國務(wù)院總理溫家寶2021年2月2日WenJiabaoPremieroftheStateCouncilofthePeople'sRepublicofChina,2February2021尊敬的理查德校長,女士們,先生們:ViceChancellorAlisonRichard,LadiesandGentlemen,來到向往已久的劍橋大學(xué),非常高興。劍橋舉世聞名,培養(yǎng)出牛頓、達爾文、培根等許多杰出的科學(xué)家、思想家,為人類文明進步作出了重要貢獻。今年是劍橋建校800周年,我謹(jǐn)致以熱烈祝賀!ItgivesmegreatpleasuretocometoCambridge,aworld-renowneduniversitythatIhavelongwantedtovisit.CambridgehasproducedmanygreatscientistsandthinkersIsaacNewton,CharlesDarwinandFrancisBacon,tonamebutafew,andmadeimportantcontributiontotheprogressofhumancivilization.Thisyearmarksthe800thanniversaryoftheuniversity.Pleaseacceptmywarmcongratulations.這是我第四次訪問英國。中英相距遙遠,但兩國人民的友好交往不斷增多。香港問題的圓滿解決,經(jīng)貿(mào)、文教、科技等領(lǐng)域的有效合作,為發(fā)展中英全面戰(zhàn)略伙伴關(guān)系奠定了堅實基礎(chǔ)。在此,我向長期致力于中英友好的朋友們表示崇高的敬意!Thisismyfourthvisittoyourcountry.DespitethegreatdistancebetweenChinaandBritain,thefriendlyexchangesbetweenourpeopleshavebeenontherise.ThesuccessfulresolutionofthequestionofHongKongandfruitfulcooperationbetweenourtwocountriesinareassuchaseconomy,trade,culture,education,scienceandtechnologyhavecementedthefoundationofourcomprehensivestrategicpartnership.Here,Iwishtopayhightributetoallthosewhohavebeenworkingtirelesslytopromotefriendlytiesbetweenourtwocountries.今天,我演講的題目是:用發(fā)展的眼光看中國。Thetitleofmyspeechtodayis"SeeChinaintheLightofHerDevelopment".我深深愛著的祖國——古老而又年輕。Mybelovedmotherlandisacountrybotholdandyoung.說她古老,她是一個有著數(shù)千年文明史的東方大國。中華民族以自己的勤勞和智慧,創(chuàng)造了燦爛的古代文明,對人類發(fā)展作出過重大貢獻。Sheisold,becausesheisabigOrientalcountrywithacivilizationstretchingbackseveralthousandyears.Withdiligenceandwisdom,theChinesenationcreatedasplendidcivilizationandmadesignificantcontributionstotheprogressofhumanity.說她年輕,新中國成立才60年,改革開放才30年。中國人民經(jīng)過長期不懈的斗爭建立了新中國,又經(jīng)過艱苦的探索,終于找到了適合國情的發(fā)展道路——中國特色社會主義道路,文明古國煥發(fā)了青春活力。Sheisyoung,becausethePeople'sRepublicisjust60yearsold,andthecountrybeganreformandopening-uponly30yearsago.TheChinesepeopleestablishedtheNewChinaafterunremittingstrugglesandultimatelyfoundadevelopmentpathsuitedtoChina'snationalconditionsthroughpainstakingefforts.ThisisthepathofsocialismwithChinesecharacteristics.Followingthispath,ourancientcivilizationhasbeenrejuvenated.中國改革開放,最重要的是解放思想,最根本、最具有長遠意義的是體制創(chuàng)新。我們推進經(jīng)濟體制改革,建立了社會主義市場經(jīng)濟體制。在政府的宏觀調(diào)控下,充分發(fā)揮市場對資源配置的基礎(chǔ)性作用。我們深化政治體制改革,把發(fā)展民主和完善法制結(jié)合起來,實行人民當(dāng)家作主,依法治國,建設(shè)社會主義法治國家。ThekeyelementofChina'sreformandopening-upistofreepeople'smindandthemostfundamentalandsignificantcomponentisinstitutionalinnovation.Througheconomicreform,wehavebuiltasocialistmarketeconomy,wherethemarketplaysaprimaryroleinallocatingresourcesundergovernmentmacro-regulation.Wehavecarriedoutpoliticalreform,promoteddemocracyandimprovedthelegalsystem.Peoplearethemastersofthecountry.Werunthecountryaccordingtolawandendeavortobuildasocialistcountryundertheruleoflaw.改革開放的實質(zhì),就是堅持以人為本,通過解放和發(fā)展生產(chǎn)力滿足人們?nèi)找嬖鲩L的物質(zhì)文化需求,在公正的條件下促進人的全面發(fā)展;就是保障人民的民主權(quán)利,讓國家政通人和、興旺發(fā)達;就是維護人的尊嚴(yán)和自由,讓每個人的智慧和力量得以迸發(fā),成功地追求自己的幸福生活。TheessenceofChina'sreformandopening-upistoputpeoplefirstandmeettheirevergrowingmaterialandculturalneedsthroughreleasinganddevelopingproductiveforces.Itaimstogiveeveryoneequalopportunitiesforall-rounddevelopment.Itaimstoprotectthedemocraticrightsofthepeopleandpromotestability,harmonyandprosperityacrosstheland.Anditaimstosafeguardthedignityandfreedomofeveryonesothatheorshemaypursuehappinesswithingenuityandhardwork.30年來,中國貧困人口減少了2億多,人均壽命提高了5歲,8300萬殘疾人得到政府和社會的特殊關(guān)愛,這是中國保障人權(quán)的光輝業(yè)績。九年免費義務(wù)教育的推行,農(nóng)村合作醫(yī)療制度的建立,社會保障體系的完善,使學(xué)有所教、病有所醫(yī)、老有所養(yǎng)的理想,正在變?yōu)楝F(xiàn)實。Overthepastthreedecades,morethan200millionChinesehavebeenliftedoutofpoverty,theaveragelifeexpectancyhasincreasedby5years,andthe83millionpeoplewithdisabilitiesinChinahavereceivedspecialcarefromthegovernmentandthesociety.AllthispointstothetremendouseffortsChinahasmadetoprotecthumanrights.Wehaveintroducedfreenine-yearcompulsoryeducationthroughoutthecountry,establishedthecooperativemedicalsystemintheruralareasandimprovedthesocialsafetynet.Theage-olddreamoftheChinesenationisbeingturnedintorealityadreamtoseetheyoungeducated,thesicktreatedandtheoldcaredfor.我愿借用兩句唐詩形容中國的現(xiàn)狀:“潮平兩岸闊,風(fēng)正一帆懸?!敝袊苏谂崿F(xiàn)現(xiàn)代化,這是一個古而又新的發(fā)展中大國進行的一場偉大實踐。掌握了自己命運的中國人民,對未來充滿信心!IwanttoquotefromaTangDynastypoemtodescribewhatishappeninginChina,"Fromshoretoshoreitiswideathightide,andbeforefairwindasailislifting."TheChinesepeopleareworkinghardtomodernizetheircountry.Thisisagreatpracticeinalargedevelopingcountrybothancientandnew.TheChinesepeople,withdestinyintheirownhands,arefullofconfidenceintheirfuture.我深深愛著的祖國——歷經(jīng)磨難而又自強不息。Mybelovedmotherlandisacountrythatstoodnumerousvicissitudesbutnevergaveup.我年輕時曾長期工作在中國的西北地區(qū)。在那浩瀚的沙漠中,生長著一種稀有的樹種,叫胡楊。它扎根地下50多米,抗干旱、斗風(fēng)沙、耐鹽堿,生命力極其頑強。它“生而一千年不死,死而一千年不倒,倒而一千年不朽”,世人稱為英雄樹。我非常喜歡胡楊,它是中華民族堅韌不拔精神的象征。Earlierinmycareer,IworkedinnorthwestChinaformanyyears.There,intheboundlessdesert,growsararevarietyoftreecalledeuphratespoplar.Rootedover50metersdowntheground,theythriveinhostileenvironments,defyingdroughts,sandstormsandsalinization.Theyareknownasthe"herotree",becauseaeuphratespoplarcanliveforathousandyears.Evenafteritdies,itstandsuprightforathousandyears,andevenafteritfalls,itstaysintactforanotherthousandyears.IlikeeuphratespoplarbecausetheysymbolizetheresilienceoftheChinesenation.千百年來,中華民族一次次戰(zhàn)勝了天災(zāi)人禍,渡過了急流險灘,昂首挺胸地走到今天。深重的災(zāi)難,鑄就了她百折不撓、自強不息的品格。中華民族的歷史證明了一個真理:一個民族在災(zāi)難中失去的,必將從民族的進步中得到補償。Overthemillennia,theChinesenationhasweatherednumerousdisasters,bothnaturalandman-made,surmountedallkindsofdifficultiesandchallenges,andmadeherwaytowheresheproudlystandstoday.Thelongsufferingshaveonlymadeheranationoffortitudeandperseverance.TheexperienceoftheChinesenationatteststoatruth:whatanationlosesintimesofdisasterwillbemadeupforbyherprogress.此時此刻,我不禁想起在汶川地震災(zāi)區(qū)的親身經(jīng)歷。去年5月,四川汶川發(fā)生震驚世界的特大地震,北川中學(xué)被夷為平地,孩子傷亡慘重??墒?,時隔10天,當(dāng)我第二次來到這里時,鄉(xiāng)親們已在廢墟上搭起了板房教室,校園里又回蕩著孩子們朗朗的讀書聲。當(dāng)時我在黑板上,給同學(xué)們寫下了“多難興邦”幾個字。地震發(fā)生以來,我7次到汶川災(zāi)區(qū),碰到這樣感人的事跡不勝枚舉。我為我們中華民族這種愈挫愈奮的精神深深感動。這種偉大的精神,正是我們的民族飽經(jīng)憂患而愈益堅強、生生不息的力量源泉。IamremindedoftheexperiencethatIhadinWenchuan,SichuanProvinceafterthedevastatingearthquaketherelastMay.Thatearthquakeshockedthewholeworld.ItflattenedBeichuanMiddleSchoolandclaimedmanyyounglives.Butonly10daysaftertheearthquake,whenIwentthereforthesecondtime,Ihadbeforemyeyesnewclassroomsbuiltondebrisbylocalvillagerswithplanks.Onceagain,thecampusechoedwiththesoundofstudentsreadingaloud.Iwrotedown4Chinesecharactersontheblackboard,meaning"Acountrywillemergestrongerfromadversities."IhavebeentoWenchuanseventimessincetheearthquakeandwitnessedcountlesstouchingsceneslikethis.Iamdeeplymovedbytheunyieldingspiritofmypeople.ThisgreatnationalspiritisthesourceofstrengthwhichhasenabledtheChinesenationtoemergefromallthehardshipsstrongerthanbefore.經(jīng)過半個多世紀(jì)的艱苦奮斗,中國有了比較大的發(fā)展,經(jīng)濟總量躍居世界前列,但我們?nèi)匀皇且粋€發(fā)展中國家,同發(fā)達國家相比還有很大的差距。人口多,底子薄,發(fā)展不平衡,這種基本國情還沒有從根本上得到改變。中國的人均GDP水平,排在世界100位之后,僅為英國的1/16左右。到過中國旅游的朋友,你們所看到的城市是現(xiàn)代的,而我們的農(nóng)村還比較落后。Withhardworkoverthepasthalfcenturyandmore,Chinahasachievedgreatprogress.Itstotaleconomicoutputisnowoneofthelargestintheworld.However,weremainadevelopingcountryandwearekeenlyawareofthebiggapthatwehavewiththedevelopedcountries.Therehasbeennofundamentalchangeinourbasicnationalcondition:abigpopulation,weakeconomicfoundationandunevendevelopment.China'spercapitaGDPranksbehind100countriesintheworldandisonlyabout1/18thatofBritain.ThoseofyouwhohavebeentoChinaastouristsmusthaveseenthemoderncities,butourruralareasarestillquitebackward.到本世紀(jì)中葉,中國要基本實現(xiàn)現(xiàn)代化,面臨三大歷史任務(wù):既要努力實現(xiàn)歐洲早已完成的工業(yè)化,又要追趕新科技革命的浪潮;既要不斷提高經(jīng)濟發(fā)展水平,又要實現(xiàn)社會公平正義;既要實現(xiàn)國內(nèi)的可持續(xù)發(fā)展,又要承擔(dān)相應(yīng)的國際責(zé)任。中國要趕上發(fā)達國家水平,還有很長很長的路要走,還會遇到許多艱難險阻。但是,任何困難都阻擋不住中國人民前進的步伐,只要我們堅持不懈地努力奮斗,中國現(xiàn)代化的目標(biāo)就一定能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)。Tobasicallyachievemodernizationbythemiddleofthiscentury,wemustaccomplishthreemajortasks:first,achieveindustrialization,whichEuropehaslongcompleted,whilekeepingabreastofthelatesttrendsofthescientificandtechnologicalrevolution;second,promoteeconomicgrowthwhileensuringsocialequityandjustice;andthird,pursuesustainabledevelopmentathomewhileacceptingourshareofinternationalresponsibilities.Thejourneyaheadwillbelongandarduous,butnoamountofdifficultywillstoptheChinesepeoplefrommarchingforward.Throughpersistentefforts,wewillreachourgoal.我深深愛著的祖國——珍視傳統(tǒng)而又開放兼容。Mybelovedmotherlandisacountrythatvalueshertraditionswhileopeningherarmstotheoutsideworld.中華傳統(tǒng)文化底蘊深厚、博大精深?!昂汀痹谥袊糯鷼v史上被奉為最高價值,是中華文化的精髓。中國古老的經(jīng)典——《尚書》就提出“百姓昭明,協(xié)和萬邦”的理想,主張人民和睦相處,國家友好往來。ThetraditionalChinesecultureisrich,extensiveandprofound.Harmony,thesupremevaluecherishedinancientChina,liesattheheartoftheChineseculture.TheBookofHistory,anancientclassicinChinaforexample,advocatesamityamongpeopleandfriendlyexchangesamongnations.“和為貴”的文化傳統(tǒng),哺育了中華民族寬廣博大的胸懷。我們的民族,既能像大地承載萬物一樣,寬厚包容;又能像蒼天剛健運行一樣,彰顯正義。TheChineseculturaltraditionvaluespeaceasthemostprecious.ThishasnurturedthebroadmindoftheChinesenation.TheChinesenationisgenerousandtolerant,justasMotherEarthcaresforalllivingthings.Sheisinconstantpursuitofjustice,justastheeternalmovementoftheUniverse.15世紀(jì),中國著名航海家鄭和七下西洋,到過三十幾個國家。他帶去了中國的茶葉、絲綢、瓷器,還幫助沿途有的國家剿滅海盜,真正做到了播仁愛于友邦。Inthe15thcentury,thefamousChinesenavigatorZhengHeledsevenmaritimeexpeditionstotheWesternSeasandreachedover30countries.HetookwithhimChinesetea,silkandporcelainandhelpedlocalpeoplefightpiratesashesailedalong.Hewastrulyamessengerofloveandfriendship.國強必霸,不適合中國。稱霸,既有悖于我們的文化傳統(tǒng),也違背中國人民意志。中國的發(fā)展不損害任何人,也不威脅任何人。中國要做和平的大國、學(xué)習(xí)的大國、合作的大國,致力于建設(shè)一個和諧的世界。TheargumentthatabigpowerisboundtoseekhegemonydoesnotapplytoChina.SeekinghegemonygoesagainstChina'sculturaltraditionasw
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