Unit3InventorsandinventionsGrammar動(dòng)詞-ed形式作定語動(dòng)詞-ed形式作表語動(dòng)詞-ed形式作賓語補(bǔ)足語過去分詞作定語往往與被修飾的詞靠得很緊,漸漸地成為一個(gè)復(fù)合詞。這種分詞叫分詞形容詞(theParticipleAdjective),實(shí)際上相當(dāng)于一個(gè)單純的形容詞,除表示“完成”的動(dòng)作之外,還表示“被動(dòng)”的意義。如：

spokenEnglish(英語口語)；icedbeer(冰凍啤酒)；一、動(dòng)詞-ed形式作定語1.Thetallmanisareturnedstudent．

高個(gè)子的那個(gè)人是個(gè)歸國留學(xué)生。2.Myparentsarebothretiredteachers．

我的父母都是退休教師。

(1)前置定語單個(gè)的動(dòng)詞-ed形式,一般放在被修飾的名詞的前面,作前置定語。Theexcitedpeoplerushedintobuilding.

激動(dòng)的人們沖進(jìn)大樓。

(=thepeoplewhowereexcited)

Losttimecanneverbefoundagain．虛度的時(shí)光,無法挽回。

(=timewhichislost)(2)后置定語①少數(shù)單個(gè)動(dòng)詞的-ed形式,如left等,只能作后置定語。1.Everythingusedshouldbemarked．

所有用過的東西應(yīng)該做好標(biāo)記。

2.Amongtheinvitedweresomeladies．

被邀請(qǐng)的人中,有些是女士。

3.Thebooksleftareformystudents．

剩下的書是給我的學(xué)生的。

2.Themeeting,attendedbyalotofpeople,wasasuccess．

這次會(huì)議有很多人出席,開得很成功。

(=whichwasattendedbyalotofpeople)

高考題Mostoftheartists

tothepartywerefromSouthAfrica.(MET90)A.invitedB.toinviteC.beinginvitedD.hadbeeninvited2)Thefirsttextbooks

forteachingEnglishasaforeignlanguagecameoutinthe16thcentury.(NMET94)A.havingwrittenB.tobewrittenC.beingwrittenD.written3)TheOlympicgames,

in776BC,didn'tincludewomenplayersuntil1912.A.firstplayingB.tobefirstplayedC.firstplayedD.tobefirstplaying4)Pricesofdailyfoods

throughacomputercanbelowerthanpricesinstores.(2002年全國春）A.areboughtB.boughtC.beenbought

D.buying過去分詞作表語并無“完成”或“被動(dòng)”之意，而是表示主語的狀態(tài)或思想感情等。如：Helookedworriedafterreadingtheletter．看完信后,他顯得很憂慮。Whenweheardofit,weweredeeplymoved．當(dāng)我們聽到這件事時(shí),被深深地感動(dòng)了。Heseemedquitedelightedattheidea．聽到這個(gè)想法,他似乎很高興。

二、動(dòng)詞-ed形式作表語

常見的作表語的過去分詞有:amused(愉快的)；broken(碎了的)；closed(關(guān)閉的)；astonished(吃驚的)；crowded(擁擠的)；experienced(有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的);delighted(高興的)；lost(丟失的)；gone(遺失的)；disappointed(失望的)；worried(擔(dān)憂的)；interested(感興趣的)tired(疲勞的)pleased(高興的)；satisfied(滿意的)；surprised(吃驚的);married(已婚的)；known(著名的)等等

作表語的-ed形式可被much,very,quite等所修飾。Iwasverypleasedatthenews．

聽了這消息我很高興。Hegrewmuchtiredofthework．

他十分厭倦這工作。Heseemedquitedelightedattheidea.

聽了這想法他似乎很高興。3)Thepilotaskedallthepassengersonboardtoremain____astheplanewasmakingalanding.(2004上海)A.seatB.seatingC.seatedD.tobeseating三、動(dòng)詞-ed形式作賓語補(bǔ)足語能用作賓語補(bǔ)足語的過去分詞一般都是及物動(dòng)詞,表示被動(dòng)意義或已完成意義,有時(shí)候兩者兼而有之。作賓語補(bǔ)足語的過去分詞與賓語有邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,即賓語是過去分詞動(dòng)作的對(duì)象。

Shefoundthedoorbrokeninwhenshecameback．

她回來時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)有人破門而人。Mygrandfatherhadhisoldhouserebuilt．

我爺爺找人重修了一下他的舊房子。1.Imustgetmybikerepaired．

我必須請(qǐng)人修理自行車。(賓語補(bǔ)足語)2.Thegirlwasfoundbeatenblackandblue．

人們發(fā)現(xiàn)那女孩被打得青一塊紫一塊。(主語補(bǔ)足語)(1)動(dòng)詞-ed形式可作表示感覺和心理狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞的賓語補(bǔ)足語,這類動(dòng)詞包括see,hear,watch,notice,feel,find,think,suppose,consider等。Wethoughtthegamelost．我們認(rèn)為球賽輸了。Ihaveneverheardhimspokenillofothers.

我從未聽過有人說他的壞話。Shefeltagreatweighttakenoffhermind．

她覺得心里輕松了些。Theyconsideredthemattersettled．

他們認(rèn)為這問題解決了。Sheheldherhandspressedagainstherface.

她用雙手按著臉。①(請(qǐng)人)把某事做完。

Shehadherhouserepaired．

她請(qǐng)人把屋子修好了。Wheredidyouhaveyourhaircut?

你在哪兒理的發(fā)?

“have+賓語+done”結(jié)構(gòu)有三個(gè)含義：

(3)動(dòng)詞-ed形式可作表示希望、要求、命令等動(dòng)詞的賓語補(bǔ)足語，這類動(dòng)詞包括like，want,wish,expect,order等”這一類動(dòng)詞的后面作賓語補(bǔ)足語。Hewon’tlikesuchquestionsdiscussedatthemeeting．

他不喜歡在會(huì)議上討論這樣的問題。ThestudentswishtheTVserialplayscontinued．學(xué)生們希望電視連續(xù)劇繼續(xù)播下去。(4)過去分詞用在“with+賓語+賓補(bǔ)”這一結(jié)構(gòu)中,過去分詞與賓語之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。

Thethiefwasbroughtinwithhishandstiedbehindhisback.小偷被帶進(jìn)來了,雙手被反綁在后面。Withmanybrightlycoloredflowersplantedaroundthebuilding,hishouselookslikeabeautifulgarden．

周圍種了許多色彩鮮艷的花,他的房子看上就像一座漂亮的花園。

1)Goodmorning.CanIhelpyou?I’dliketohavethispackage_____,madam.(MET89)A.beweighedB.tobeweighedC.toweighD.weighed高考題2)Themissingboyswerelastseen___neartheriver.(NMET94)A.playingB.tobeplayingC.playD.played3)Themanagersdiscussedtheplanthattheywouldliketosee____thenextyear.(NMET2000)A.carryoutB.carryingoutC.carriedoutD.tocarryout4)Mrs.Brownwasmuchdisappointedtoseethewashingmachineshehadhad________wentwrongagain.(上海1999)A.itB.itrepairedC.repairedD.toberepairedExercises1.Isthisthebikewhichyouwishtohave____?A.repaireditB.repairingC.repairD.repairedⅠ.單項(xiàng)選擇：2.LindaworkedfortheMinnesotaManufacturingandMiningCompany(明尼蘇達(dá)州礦業(yè)與制造公司

),____as3M.A.knowingB.knownC.beingknownD.tobeknown3.Fromthedates____onthegoldcoin,wedecidedthatitwasmadefivehundredyearsago.A.markingB.markedC.tobemarkedD.havingbeenmarked4.Itwassolargearoomthatahundredpeoplelooked____init.A.losingB.lostC.toloseD.havinglost5.Lawsthatpunishparentsfortheirlittlechildren’sactionsagainstthelawsgetparents____.A.worriedB.toworryC.worryingD.worry6.With____leaves____intheeartheveryyear,thesoilbecomesricherandricher.A.falling;buryingB.fallen;buriedC.fallen;buryingD.falling;buried7.Shewasgladtoseeherchildwell____careof.A.takeB.tobetakenC.takenD.taking8.Friendshipislikemoneyeasiermadethan____.A.keptB.tobekeptC.tokeepingD.beingkept9.Don’tusewords,expressionsorphrases____onlytopeoplewithspecificknowledge.A.beingknownB.havingbeenknownC.tobeknownD.known10.Johnrushedoutinahurry,____thedoor____.A.leaving;unlockedB.leaving;unlockingC.left;unlockingD.toleave;unlocking11.Thegirl____forwardtobuyinganewgoldwatch.A.referredtolookB.referredtolookingC.referredtolooksD.referringtolooks12.Thedisc,digitally____inthestudio,soundedfantasticatthepartythatnight.A.recordedB.recordingC.toberecordedD.havingrecorded13.____withthesizeofthewholeearth,thebiggestoceandoesnotseembigatall.A.CompareB.WhencomparingC.ComparingD.Whencompared14.____time,he’llmakeafirstclasstennisplayer.A.HavinggivenB.TogiveC.GivingD.Given15.____inthought,healmostranintothecarinfrontofhim.A.LosingB.ToloseC.LostD.Havinglost16.____in1636,HarvardisoneofthemostfamousuniversitiesintheUnitedStates.A.BeingfoundedB.ItwasfoundedC.FoundedD.FoundingⅡ.選擇恰當(dāng)?shù)姆侵^語動(dòng)詞填空：

1.JohnSnowtoldthestoryaboutthe_________(astonish)peopleinBroadStreet.2.Someofthepeople_______(invite)tothepartycouldn’tcome.3.Thereisacar_______(park)outsidethehouse.astonishedinvitedparked4.Theexperience_______(gain)willbeofgreatvaluetous.5.Theseseatsare_______(reserve)foryou.6.Thelibraryis______(close)onweekends.7.Don’tdrinkthe_______(pollute)