09年春季上海外語口譯考試中級口譯筆譯真題[1]SECTION1:LISTENINGTEST

[2]SECTION2:STUDYSKILLS

[3]SECTION3:TRANSLATIONTEST(1)

[4]SECTION4:TRANSLATIONTEST(2)SECTION2:STUDYSKILLS(45minutes)Directions:Inthissection,youwiIlreadseveralpassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsbasedonitscontent.YouaretochooseONEbestanswer,(A),(B),(C)or(D),toeachquestion.AnswerallthequestionsfollowingeachpassageonthebasisofwhatisstatedorimpliedinthatpassageandwritetheletteroftheansweryouhavechoseninthecorrespondingspaceinyourANSWERBOOKLET.Questions1--5Icameacrossanoldcountryguidetheotherday.Itlistedallthetradesmenineachvillageinmypartofthecountry,anditwasimpressivetoseethegreatvarietyofserviceswhichwereavailableonone'sowndoorstepinthelateVictoriancountryside.NowadaysasuperficialtravelerinruralEng1andmightconcludethattheonlyvillagetradesmenstillflourishingwereeithersellingfrozenfoodtotheinhabitantsorsellingantiquestovisitors.Nevertheless,thiswouldreallybeafalseimpression.Admittedlytherehasbeenacontractionofvillagecommerce,bulitsvigorisstillremarkable.Ourlocalgrocer'sshop,forexample,isactuallyexpandinginspiteofthecompetitionfromsupermarketsinthenearesttown.Womensensiblyprefertogothereandexchangethelocalnewswhi1edoingtheirshopping,insteadofqueueingupanonymouslyatasupermarket.Andtheproprietorknowswellthatpersona1servicehasasubstantialcashvalue.HisPricesmaybeabithigherthanthoseinthetown,buhewilldeliveranythingatanytime.Hisassistantsthinknothingofbicyclingdownthevillagestreetintheirlunchhourtotakeapieceofcheesetoanoldagepensionerwhosentherorderbywordofmouthwithafriendwhohappenedtobepassing.Themoreaffluentcustomerstelephonetheirshoppinglistsandthegoodsareontheirdoorstepswithinanhour.Theyhaveonlytohintatafancyforsomecommodityoutsidetheusualstockandthegrocerared-facedfigure,instantlyobtainsitforthem..Thevillagegainsfromthissortofenterprise,ofcourse.ButIalsofinditsatisfactorybecauseavillageshopoffersoneofthefewwaysinwhichamodestindividualistcanstillgetalongintheworldwithoutattachinghimselftothebigbattalionsofindustryorcommerce.MostofthevillageshopkeepersIknow,atanyrate,aredecidedlyindividualistintheirways.Forexample,ourshoemakerisaformidablefigure:athick-set,irritablemanwhomchildrentreatwithmarkedrespect,knowingthatanill-judgedwordcanprovokeanangryeruptionatanytime.Hestareswithcontemptatthepairsofcheap,mass-producedshoestakentohimforrepair:hasitcometothis,heseemstobesaying,thathe,acraftsman,shouldhavetowastehisskillsuponsuchtrash?Butweallknowhewillinfactdoexcellentworkuponthem.Andhemakesbeautifulshoesforthosewhocanaffordsuchluxury.1.Theservicesavailableinvillagesnowadaysarenormally_________.(A)fewerbutstillveryactive(B)lesssuccessfulthanearlierbutmanagingtosurvive(C)activeinprovidingfoodforthevillageandtourists(D)surprisinglyenergeticconsideringthelittledemandforthem2.Thelocalgrocer’sshopisexpandingeventhough________.(A)townshopsaremoreattractive(B)townshopsarelargerandlesswell-known(C)peopleliketoshopwheretheyarelesswell-known(D)peoplegetextraserviceintownshops3.Howdothevillagegrocer’sassistantsfeelaboutdeliveringgoods?(A)Theytendtoforgetit.

(B)Theywillnotconsiderit.(C)Theytakeitforgranted.

(D)Itdoesnotseemworththeirwhile4.Anotheraspectofpersonalserviceavailableinthevillageshopisthat_________.(D)A'blackspot'isapartoftheroadwheretherearenosigns.8.'Subtlevisualtraps'(para.3)are______.(A)placeswherethepolicehideinordertotrapmotorists(B)partsoftheroadwhicharedeceptivetothedriver'seye(C)dangerspotssuchassharpcornersandcross-roads(D)placeswheretherearemanroad-signs9.Asrequiredbythelaw,youmuststopafteranaccident,if______.(A)youhavebeeninjuredbysomebody.(B)yourcarhasbeendamaged.(C)youhaveinjuredsomebodyelse(D)youhavewitnessedtheaccidentl0.Afteranaccidentitisrecommendedthatyouwaitforthepolicebecause_________.(A)itisagainstthelawtodriveoff(B)theyhavetoexamineyourlicenceandinsurancecertificate(C)theyhavetonotothepositionofyourcar(D)somebodymaygivethemafalseaccountoftheaccidentQuestions11--15Justaswordoilscarcityisalreadycausingintemationalconflicts,sowillthescarcityofwaterreachapointwherewarswillbreakout.Thestatisticsonwaterarealreadyscary.Alreadywelloverlbillionpeoplesufferfromwatershortagesand30countriesgetmorethanathirdoftheirwaterfromoutsidetheirborders—anobvioussourceofdisputesandinstabilityespeciallyastheclimatechanges.Thewholeofthesub-SaharanAfrica,mostofSouthAsiaandwesternSouthAmericaaremostatrisk.Thereason:therapidmeltingofglaciersduetoglobalwarning.Atthemeetingofthecoalitionof27Intenaionalcharitieslastmonth,GarethThomas,ministerofInternationalDevelopmentoftheBritishgovernment,wrotetoprimeministerGordonBrowndemandingactiontoensurefreshwaterto1.1billionpeoplewithpoorsupplies."Ifwedonotactnow,therealityisthatwatersuppliesmaybecomethesubjectofinternationalconflictintheyearsahead.Weneedtoinvestnowtopreventushavingtopaythatpriceinthefuture",Thomassaid.Thedepartmentwarnedthattwo-thirdsoftheworld'spopulationwillliveinwater-stressedcountriesby2025.Thecoalitionofcharitieshasappealedforaglobalefforttobringrunningwatertothedevelopingworldandsupplysanitationtoafurther2.6billionpeople.Itsaidthatinternationalinvestmentisneedednowtopreventcompetitionforwatertodestabilizecommunitiesandescalateintoconflicts.TacklingthewaterandsanitationcrisisisessentialiftheMillenniumDevelopmentGoalCalltoActionistobeasuccess.Otherwise,progressonhealth,education,andenvironmentsustainabilitywillbeundermined.Eachyear443millionschooldaysarelostgloballytodiarrheaand1.8millionchildrendiefromthesediseases.Infact,itisoftennotrealizedtheinvestinginsanitationandwaterbringsthegreatestpublichealthgains,morethananyothersingledevelopmentinterventionanddeliversenormouseconomicgains.Already,someAsiancountrieshaveputtacklingtheseissuesattheforefrontoftheirdevelopmentefforts.TheMillenniumDevelopmentGoalsaimtohalvetheproportionofpeoplewithoutaccesstosafedrinkingwaterby20l5.Toachievethaturgentactionneedstobetaken.Thereisnodoubtthatclimatechangeispotentiallythemostimportantfactoraffectingwatershortage.This,compoundedwithagrowingandincreasinglyurbanizedglobalpopulationwillputpressureonfoodandwater.Foratemperatureriseof2°C,whichislikelytohappenby2050,therewouldbeacatastrophic2to3billionpeoplesufferingfromwaterstress.11.Whatdoestheauthorthinkisprimarilyresponsibleforwatershortagesintheworld?(A)Climatechance.

(B)Borderdispute.(C)Worldcompetition.

(D)Politicalinstability12.AccordingtoGarethThomas,_______isthepricewehavetopayforwatershortageifwedonottakeimmediateaction.(A)sanitationcrisis

(B)internationalconflict(C)globalwarming

(D)over-urbanization13.Whatcanthecoalitionofcharitiesdotopreventcompetitionforwater?(A)Appealingforinternationalinvestment.(B)Bringingrunningwatertothedevelopingworld.(C)Supplyingsanitationtobillionsofwater-stressedpeople.(D)Enhancingworldenvironmentsustainability13.TheMillenniumDevelopmentGoalsaimto_______inthenearfuture.(A)tacklethewaterandsanitationcrisis(B)yieldeconomicgainsaswellaspublichealthgains(C)makeprogressonhealth,educationandenvironmentsustainability(D)providemorepeoplewithcleandrinkingwater15.Accordingtothepassage,whatwilladdtowatershortage?(A)Oilscarcity.(B)Adropintemperature(C)Agrowingpopulation.(D)ReducedfoodsupplyQuestions16.-20Parentingwasneverapieceofcakeinanyage,butprobablythegreatestsourceofheadacheforparentstodayinJapanistheubiquitouscellphone.Today,96percentofseniorhighschoolstudentsand58percentofjuniorhighschoolstudentshavecellphones.Evenamongprimaryschoolchildren,3lpercenthavethem.Byenablingyoungsterstostayconnectedwiththeirparentsatalltimes,thesegadgetshelptokeepchildrensafe.Forthekids,theyarefuntoys,too,thatletthemtexttoorchatwiththeirpalswhenevertheywant,playIntemetgames,andenjoybloggingfortheirownprofileanddiarypurposes.Butterribledangerslurkbeneathallthatfunandconvenience.Everyyearaboutl,000childrenbecomeinvolvedinrapeandothercrimesthroughdatingservicesites.Violentandobsceneimagesareonlyacoupleofclicksaway.Ongakkourasaito,orso-calledunofficialschoolwebsiteswherekidscanpostwhatevertheywant,anyonecanfallvictimtobrutal''verbalmoblynching"bytheirpeers.Amidtoday'surgentneedtoaddresstheseproblems,thegovernment’sMeetingonEducationRebuildinghasissuedareport.InresponsetothePrimeMinister'srecentcomments“Icannotthinkofonegoodreasonfor(lettingyoungsters)haveacellphone"and"Iwouldlikeeveryonetodiscusswhethercellphonesarereallynecessary:"thereportrecommendedthat"parents,guardians,schoolsandallpartiesconcernedshouldcooperateamongthemselves,sothatelementaryschoolpupilsandjuniorhighschoolstudentsdonothaveacellphoneunlessthereisacompellingreasonforthemtodoso."Butsincemanyparentsbelieveinthenecessityofcellphonesasasafetytool,itisunrealistictoexpecteveryonetodoawaywiththem.Rather,itwouldmakemoresenseforguardians,schoolsandcellphonecompaniestoconsider,fromtheirrespectivestandpoints,howcellphonesshouldbeusedbychildren.Wesuggestthatparentssitdownwiththeiroffspringandtalkabouttheir“houserules”forcellphoneuse.Forinstance,scotthehoursallowed,sothekidswon'tbetextingtotheirfriendslateintothenight,remindthemnevertogiveawaypersonalinformationonline,andsoon..Buttherearelimitstowhatindividualfamiliescando,andthisiswherewealsosuggestthatschoolsshouldeducatetheirpupilsonthedangersofcellphoneuse.Onewaytogoaboutthis,for

instance,maybeforeachclasstosetitsownrulesonsendinge-mailmessages.16.Theword"ubiquitous"(para.l)isclosestinmeaningto________.(A)updated

(B)sophisticated(C)prevalent

(D)obsolete17.Manyparentslettheirkidshavecellphonesbecausethey________.(A)wanttheirkidstokeepupwiththeITWorld(B)can'tthinkofanythingbetterfortheirkidstohavefun(C)don'twanttheirkidstomiss'whatotherkidshave(D)believecellphonesenablethemtostayconnected18.WhichofthefollowingisNOTthepotentialriskkidsmayfacewhenusingcellphones?(A)Involvementinrape-relatedcrime(B)Exposuretoviolentandobsceneimages(C)Fallingvictimtobrutalcurses.(D)Beingtrackeddownbyunofficialschoolwebsites.19.Thereportissuedbythegovernment’sMeetingonEducationRebuilding______.(A)recommendedminimizingtheuseofcellphonesamongkids(B)suggestedsetting“houserules”forcellphoneuse(C)urgedparentstoremindtheirchildrenaboutce1lphoneuse(D)pressedschoolstoeducatetheirpupilsonthedangersofcellphoneuse20.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?(A)Parentsneglecttoprotecttheirkidsfromcellphones.(B)Parentingwithcellphonesisasourceofheadache.(C)Cellphonesshouldbebannedfromcampus.(D)KidsneedlessonsontheusesofcellphonesQuestion21--25ExtractIAstylishdiningroomwithcreamwallsandcurtainsandblackcarpetasperfectfoiltoaneclecticarrayoffurniture.Manyofthepiecesareclassicsoftheirparticularera,anddemonstratehowoldandnewdesignscanbehappilymixedtogetherTheprototypechairintheforegroundhasyettoproveitsstayingpowerandwasthoughtupbytheflat'soccupant.HeispicturedinhislivingroomwhichhasthesamedecorativethemeandislinkedtothediningroombyahighMedieval-styledarchwaywherewasoncearedundantanduninspiringfireplace.Extract2Oldbathroomsoftencontainagreatdealofuglypipeworkinneedofdisguising.Thiscaneitherbedonebyboxingintheexposedpipes,orbyfittingwoodpanelingoverthem.Aswoodpanelingcanbesecuredoveralmostanythingincludingoddceramictilesandchippedwallsisaneffectivewayofdisguisingpipeworkaswellasbeinganattractiveformofdecoration.Thepanelingcanbevertical,horizontalordiagonal.Analternativewaytoapproachtheproblemofexposedpipesistoactuallymakethemafeatureoftheroombypickingthepipeworkoutinbrightstrongcolours.Extract3Cookingtakessecondplaceinthischarmingroomwhich,withitsdeeparmchairs,ismoreofasittingroomthanakitchen,andthenewRaybUmstoveasagoodchoice,asitblendsinwellwiththeoldbrickandbeamedfireplace.Therearenofittedunitsorbuilt-inappliances,soallfoodpreparationisdoneatthebigfarmhousetableintheforeground;andthechina,potsandpanshavebeendeliberatelyleftonshowtomakeanattractivedisplay.Whataboutthekitchensink?It'shiddenawaybehindanarchwaywhichleadsintoasmallscullery.Herethere'sasecondcookerandinthebestfarmhousetraditionahugewalk-inlarderforallfoodstorage.2l.WhyisthecolourofthecarpetdescribedinExtractlaparticularadvantage?(A)Itlivensupthecolourinanotherwisedullroom.(B)Itprovidesacontrasttothefurniture.(C)Itblendsinwiththetonesofthefurniture.(D)Itgivestheroomaclassicalstyle.22.WhatisthepurposeofthearchwaydescribedinExtract1

?(A)Tohideanunattractivefireplace.(B)Togivetheroomanexoticeastemstyle.(C)Tojointhediningroomwiththesittingroom(D)Tomakeroomfortheunusualseatingarrangements.23.Extract2isprobablytakenfrom________.(A)anarchitect'sblueprint(B)aplumber’smanual(C)ahomerenovationmagazine(D)anadvertisementfornewbathrooms24.Extracts2and3dealwith_________.(A)oldandclassicfurniture(B)attractivecolourschemes(C)cheapimprovementschemes(D)homedecoration25.ComparedwithExtractltheroomdescribedinExtract3appearsto_______.(A)bemorecomfortable(B)bemorecolourful(C)containmorefurniture(D)possessagreatervarietyofstyleQuestions26--30,.Largepartsoftheworldhavenotenjoyedtheremarkableglobalprogressinhealthconditionsthathavetakenplaceoverthepastcentury.Indeed,millionsofdeathsinimpoverishednationsareavoidablewithpreventionandtreatmentoptionsthattherichworldalreadyuses.Thisyear,l0millionchildrenwilldieinlow-andmiddle-incomecountries.Ifchilddeathrateswerethesameasthoseindevelopedcountriesthisfigurewouldbelowerthan1million.Conversely,ifchilddeathrateswerethoseofrichcountriesjust100yearsago,thefigurewouldbe30million.Today'stoolsforimprovinghealtharesopowerfulandinexpensivethathealthconditionscouldbereasonablygoodeveninpoorcountriesifpolicymakersspentevenrelativelylittleintherightplaces.RecentresearchfortheCopeghagenConsensusidentifiesseveralhighlycost-effectiveoptionsthatwouldtacklesomeoftheplanet'smosturgenthealthproblems.Themostpromisinginvestmentisintuberculosistreatment.Some90percentofthel.6milliontuberculosisdeathsin2003occurredinlow-andmiddle-incomecountries.Becausetuberculosisaffectsworking-agepeople,itcanbeatriggerofhouseholdpoverty.Thecomerstoneofcontrolisprompttreatmentusingfirst-linedrugs,whichdoesn'trequireasophisticatedhealthsystem.Spending$lbillionontuberculosistreatmentinayearwouldsavelmillionlives.Becausegoodhealthaccompanieshigherlevelsofnationaleconomicwelfareinthelongrun,theeconomicbenefitsareworth$30billion.Thesecondmostcost-effectiveinvestmentistacklingnewdisease.Heartdiseasemightnotseemlikeapressingissueforpoornations,butitrepresentsmorethanaquarteroftheirdeathtoll.Measurestoreduceriskfactorsotherthansmoking--highintakeorsaturatedanimalfat,obesity,bingedrinkingofalcohol,physicalinactivity,andlowfruitandvegetableconsumption--havehadlittlesuccess.Treatingacuteheartattackswithinexpensivedrugsis,however,cost-effective.Spending$200millioncouldavertseveralhundredthousanddeaths,yieldingbenefitsthatare25timeshigherthancosts.Thethirdoptionispreventionandtreatmentofmalaria.Abilliondollarswouldexpandtheprovisionofinsecticide-treatedbed-netsandfacilitateprovisionofhighlyeffectivetreatment.Thiswouldsavemorethanamillionchilddeathsandproduceeconomicbenefitsworth$20billion.Thefourthalternativeforpolicymakersistofocusonchildhealthinitiatives.Thebestmeasuresarefamiliaronesexpandingimmunizationcoverage,promotingbreastfeeding,increasingtheuseofsimpleandcheaptreatmentsfordiarrheaandchildhoodpneumonia,andsoon.Evenifthecostsofalltheseinitiativesweretwoorthreetimeshigherthanweestimate,theseeffortswouldstillprovideamazingopportunitiestoreducehealthinequalityanddogoodintheworld.26.Overthepastcentury,thechilddeathrateshave_________.(A)climbedsteadilyinimpoverishedcountries(B)droppedremarkablyindevelopedcountries(C)fluctuatedwildlyinlow-incomecountries(D)remainedstableinmiddle-incomecountries27.Themosteffectiveinvestmentisinthetreatmentfor________.(A)tuberculosis(B)heartdisease(C)malaria(D)diarrhea28.AllofthefollowingcouldbethecontributingfactorstoheartdiseaseEXCETP________.(A)heavysmoking(B)bingedrinking(C)saturatedanimalfatintake(D)vegetableconsumption29.Accordingtotheauthor,if$lbillionwereinvestedinthepreventionandtreatmentofheartdisease,whichofthefollowingeconomicbenefitswouldbeproduced?(A)$20billion.(B)$25billion.(C)$30billion.(D)$35billion.30.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?(A)BestOptionsforTacklingWorld’sKillerDiseases.(B)Cost-effectiveInvestmentinImpoverishedNations.(C)HealthInequalitybetweenDevelopedandDevelopingCountries.(D)Earth’sKillerDiseases:Tuberculosis,HeartAttackandMalaria...SECTION3:TRANSLATIONTEST(1)(30minutes)Directions:TranslatethefollowingpassageintoChineseandwriteyourversioninthecorrespondingspaceinyourANSWERBOOKLET.Inanormalrecession,theto-dolistisclear.CopiesofKeynesaredustedoff,theFedlowersinterestrates,thepresidentandCongresscuttaxesandhikespending.Intime,purchasing,productionandloansperkup,andKeynesisplacedbackontheshelf.Nolargeralterationstotheeconomyaremade,becauseoureconomy,butfortheoccasionalbumpintheroad,isfundamentallysound.ThishasbeenthedrillineveryrecessionsinceWorldWarII.RepublicansandDemocratsargueoverwhosetaxesshouldbecutthemostandwhichprojectsshouldbefunded,butunderpublicpressuretodosomething,theyusuallyfindsomemutuallyacceptablemidpointandenactastimuluspackage.Evenintoday'shyperpartisanWashington,theoddsstillfavorsuchadeal.Thistime,though,don’texpectthattobetheendofthestorybecausethecomingrecessionwill