C++?向程序設(shè)計（第?版）課后習(xí)題答案解析最近沒什么?情整理零散的知識點(diǎn)，就整理?下第四章的課后習(xí)題答案。1.定義?個復(fù)數(shù)類Complex，重載運(yùn)算符“+”，使之能?于復(fù)數(shù)的加法運(yùn)算。將運(yùn)算符函數(shù)重載為?成員函數(shù)，?友元的普通函數(shù)。編程序，求兩個復(fù)數(shù)之和。源代碼：1#include<iostream>2#include<stdlib.h>3usingnamespacestd;4classComplex5{public:67Complex(){real=0;imag=0;}Complex(doubledr,ouble//獲取實(shí)部函數(shù)//獲取虛部函數(shù)display();//顯?函數(shù)i){real=r;imag=i;}8doublget_real();9doublget_imag();10void11private:12doublreal;13doubleimag;14};1516//實(shí)現(xiàn)具體的函數(shù)17doubleComplex::get_real()18{19returnreal;20}21doubleComplex::get_imag()22{23returnimag;24}25voidComplex::display()26{27"cout<<("<<real<<","<<imag<<"i)"<<endl;28}29//重載運(yùn)算符“+”30Complexoperator+(Complex&c1,Complex&c2)31{32returnComplex(c1.get_real()+c2.get_real(),c1.get_imag()+c2.get_imag());33}343536intmain()37{3839404142Complex3,4),5c,21-(0)c1(,c3;c3=c1+c2;"cout<<c3=";c3.display();system("pause");43return0;44}2.定義?個復(fù)數(shù)類Complex，重載運(yùn)算符“+”，“-”，“*”，“/”，使之能?于復(fù)數(shù)的加，減，乘，除。運(yùn)算符重載函數(shù)作為Complex類的成員函數(shù)。編程序，分別求兩個復(fù)數(shù)之和、差、積和商。源程序：1#include<iostream>2#include<stdlib.h>3usingnamespacestd;4classComplex5{6public:78Complex(){real=0;imag=0;}Complex(doubledr,oublei){real=r;imag=i;}9//重載函數(shù)：加、減、乘、除10Copmplexerat+(Cormplex&c2);Copmplexerator-(Complex&c2);Copmplexerator*(Complex&c2);Copmplexerator/(Complex&c2);11121314voiddisplay();15private:16doublreal;17doubleimag;18};19ComplexComplex::operat+(Cormplex&c2)20{2122Complexc;c.real=real+c2.real;

23c.imag=imag+c2.imag;returnc;2425}26ComplexComplex::operator-(Complex&c2)27{28Complexc;29c.real=real-c2.real;c.imag=imag-c2.imag;returnc;303132}33ComplexComplex::operator*(Complex&c2)34{35Complexc;36c.real=real*c2.real-imag*c2.imag;c.imag=imag*c2.real+real*c2.imag;returnc;373839}40ComplexComplex::operator/(Complex&c2)41{42Complexc;43c.real=(real*c2.real+imag*c2.imag)/(c2.real*c2.real+c2.imag*c2.imag);c.imag=(imag*c2.real-real*c2.imag)/(c2.real*c2.real+c2.imag*c2.imag);returnc;444546}47voidComplex::display()48{49cout<<"("<<real<<","<<imag<<"i)"<<endl;50}5152intmain()53{54555657585960616263646566676869}Complexc1(3,4),c2(5,-10),c3;c3=c1+c2;cout<<"c1+c2=";c3.display();c3=c1-c2;cout<<"c1-c2=";c3.display();c3=c1*c2;cout<<"c1*c2=";c3.display();c3=c1/c2;cout<<"c1/c2=";c3.display();system("pause");return0;3.定義?個復(fù)數(shù)類函數(shù)Complex，重載運(yùn)算符“+”，使之能?于復(fù)數(shù)的加法運(yùn)算。參加運(yùn)算的兩個運(yùn)算量都可以是類對象，也可以其中有?個是整數(shù)，順序任意。如c1+c2,i+c1,c1+i均合法（設(shè)i為整數(shù)，c1,c2為復(fù)數(shù)）。編程序，分別求兩個復(fù)數(shù)之和、整數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)之和。源代碼：1#include<iostream>2#include<stdlib.h>3usingnamespacestd;4classComplex5{6public:7Complex(){real=0;imag=0;}Complex(doubler,doublei){real=r;imag=i;}//定義重載復(fù)數(shù)加法89101112131415Complexoperator+(Complex&c2);//定義重載整數(shù)加法Complexoperator+(int&i);//定義友元類重載復(fù)數(shù)、整數(shù)加法函數(shù)friendComplexoperator+(int&,Complex&);voiddisplay();16private:17doublereal;doubleimag;1819};2021ComplexComplex::operator+(Complex&c)22{23returnComplex(real+c.real,imag+c.imag);24}25ComplexComplex::operator+(int&i)26{27returnComplex(real+i,imag);28}29voidComplex::display()30{

31cout<<"("<<real<<","<<imag<<"i)"<<endl;32}33Complexoperator+(int&i,Complex&c)34{35returnComplex(i+c.real,c.imag);36}3738intmain()39{4041424344454647484950515253}Complexc1(3,4),c2(5,-10),c3;inti=5;c3=c1+c2;cout<<"c1+c2=";c3.display();c3=i+c1;cout<<"i+c1=";c3.display();c3=c1+i;cout<<"c1+i=";c3.display();system("pause");return0;4.有兩個矩陣a和b，均為2?3列。求兩個矩陣之和，重載運(yùn)算符“+”，使之能?于矩陣相加。如c=a+b。源代碼：1#include<iostream>2#include<stdlib.h>3usingnamespacestd;4classMatrix5{6public:78Matrix();//定義友元類加法重載函數(shù)friendMatrixoperator+(Matrix&,Matrix&);//定義矩陣輸?函數(shù)voidinput();910111213//定義矩陣輸出函數(shù)voiddisplay();14private:15//定義兩?三列的矩陣16intmat[2][3];17};18Matrix::Matrix()19{20212223242526272829}for(inti=0;i<2;i++){for(intj=0;j<3;j++){mat[i][j]=0;}}30//矩陣加法運(yùn)算函數(shù)31Matrixoperator+(Matrix&a,Matrix&b)32{3334353637383940414243}Matrixc;for(inti=0;i<2;i++){for(intj=0;j<3;j++){c.mat[i][j]=a.mat[i][j]+b.mat[i][j];}}returnc;44//矩陣控制臺輸?具體數(shù)據(jù)函數(shù)45voidMatrix::input()46{474849505152535455cout<<"inputvalueofmatrix:"<<endl;for(inti=0;i<2;i++){for(intj=0;j<3;j++){cin>>mat[i][j];}}

5657}58//顯?矩陣數(shù)據(jù)函數(shù)59voidMatrix::display()60{616263646566676869}for(inti=0;i<2;i++){for(intj=0;j<3;j++){cout<<mat[i][j]<<"";}cout<<endl;}70intmain()71{72737475767778798081828384}Matrixa,b,c;a.input();b.input();cout<<endl<<"Matrixa:"<<endl;a.display();cout<<endl<<"Matrixb:"<<endl;b.display();c=a+b;cout<<endl<<"Matrixc=Matrixa+Matrixb:"<<endl;c.display();system("pause");return0;5.在第四題的基礎(chǔ)上，重載流插?運(yùn)算符“<<”和流提取運(yùn)算符“>>”，使之能?于矩陣的輸?和輸出。源程序：1#include<iostream>2#include<stdlib.h>3usingnamespacestd;4classMatrix5{6public:78Matrix();//定義重載運(yùn)算符“+”函數(shù)9friendMatrixoperator+(Matrix&,Matrix&);//定義重載流插?運(yùn)算符“<<”函數(shù)friendostream&operator<<(ostream&,Matrix&);//定義重載流提取運(yùn)算符“>>”函數(shù)friendistream&operator>>(istream&,Matrix&);1011121314private:15//定義2?3列矩陣16intmat[2][3];17};18//初始化矩陣19Matrix::Matrix()20{212223242526272829}for(inti=0;i<2;i++){for(intj=0;j<3;j++){mat[i][j]=0;}}30//重載運(yùn)算符“+”函數(shù)31Matrixoperator+(Matrix&a,Matrix&b)32{333435363738394041424344}45Matrixc;for(inti=0;i<2;i++){for(intj=0;j<3;j++){c.mat[i][j]=a.mat[i][j]+b.mat[i][j];}}returnc;46//重載流提取運(yùn)算符“>>”函數(shù)，輸?矩陣數(shù)據(jù)47istream&operator>>(istream&in,Matrix&m)48{49cout<<"inputvalueofmatrix:"<<endl;

5051525354555657585960}for(inti=0;i<2;i++){for(intj=0;j<3;j++){in>>m.mat[i][j];}}returnin;61//重載流插?運(yùn)算符“<<”函數(shù)，輸出矩陣數(shù)據(jù)62ostream&operator<<(ostream&out,Matrix&m)63{646566676869707172}for(inti=0;i<2;i++){for(intj=0;j<3;j++){out<<m.mat[i][j]<<"";}out<<endl;}returnout;73intmain()74{75767778798081828384}Matrixa,b,c;cin>>a;cin>>b;cout<<endl<<"Matrixa:"<<endl<<a<<endl;cout<<endl<<"Matrixb:"<<endl<<b<<endl;c=a+b;cout<<endl<<"MatrixC=Matrixa+Matrixb:"<<endl<<c<<endl;system("pause");return0;6.請編寫程序，處理?個復(fù)數(shù)與?個double數(shù)相加的運(yùn)算，結(jié)果存放在?個double型的變量dl中，輸出dl的值，再以復(fù)數(shù)的形式輸出此值。定義Complex（復(fù)數(shù)）類，在成員函數(shù)中包含重載類型轉(zhuǎn)換運(yùn)算符：operatordouble(){returnreal;}源代碼：1#include<iostream>2#include<stdlib.h>3usingnamespacestd;4classComplex5{6public:78Complex(){real=0;imag=0;}Complex(doubler){real=r;imag=0;}Complex(doubler,doublei){real=r;imag=i;}//重載類型轉(zhuǎn)換運(yùn)算符函數(shù)9101112operatordouble(){returnreal;}voiddisplay();13private:14doublereal;doubleimag;1516};17voidComplex::display()18{19cout<<"("<<real<<","<<imag<<")"<<endl;20}21intmain()22{23242526272829303132}Complexc1(3,4),c2;doubled1;d1=2.5+c1;cout<<"d1="<<d1<<endl;c2=Complex(d1);cout<<"c2=";c2.display();system("pause");return0;7.擴(kuò)展：有兩個3?3列的矩陣，求兩個矩陣的和、差、積，重載運(yùn)算符“+”，“-”，“*”。源代碼：1#include<iostream>2#include<stdlib.h>3usingnamespacestd;

4classMatrix5{6public:78Matrix();//定義重載加法運(yùn)算函數(shù)9friendMatrixoperator+(Matrix&,Matrix&);//定義重載減法運(yùn)算函數(shù)101112131415friendMatrixoperator-(Matrix&,Matrix&);//定義重載乘法運(yùn)算函數(shù)friendMatrixoperator*(Matrix&,Matrix&);voidinput();voiddisplay();16private:17//定義3?3列矩陣intmat[3][3];1819};20//初始化矩陣21Matrix::Matrix()22{23for(inti=0;i<3;i++)24{25for(intj=0;j<3;j++)26{27mat[i][j]=0;}282930}3132}33//重載加法運(yùn)算函數(shù)，34Matrixoperator+(Matrix&a,Matrix&b)35{363738394041424344454647}Matrixc;for(inti=0;i<3;i++){for(intj=0;j<3;j++){//矩陣加法為?列號相同的元素相加為該位置的數(shù)據(jù)c.mat[i][j]=a.mat[i][j]+b.mat[i][j];}}returnc;48//重載減法運(yùn)算函數(shù)，矩陣減法為?列號相同的元素相減為該位置的數(shù)據(jù)49Matrixoperator-(Matrix&a,Matrix&b)50{51Matrixc;52for(inti=0;i<3;i++)53{54for(intj=0;j<3;j++)55{56c.mat[i][j]=a.mat[i][j]-b.mat[i][j];57}}585960returnc;61}62//重載乘法運(yùn)算函數(shù)，第?個矩陣的第i?的第?個元素，逐?與第?個矩陣的i?的j列上的所有元素之積的和，為該i?j列的數(shù)據(jù)63Matrixoperator*(Matrix&a,Matrix&b)64{6566676869707172737475767778}//intmat;Matrixc;for(inti=0;i<3;i++){for(intj=0;j<3;j++){//矩陣乘法運(yùn)算的核?步驟，k為控制列乘的數(shù)據(jù)for(intk=0;k<3;k++)c.mat[i]