Unit23Conflict李仕才一、閱讀理解。Somepigstendtobeoptimisticwhileothersarepessimistic，accordingtoanewresearchthatismeaningfultoanimalwelfare.Thestudy，publishedinthejournalBiologyLetters，isthefirsttoshowthatmoodandpersonalityinteractinananimal，influencingjudgment.Asher，aresearcherattheUniversityofNewcastle'sInstituteofNeuroscience，andherteamhousedgroupsofpigsintwotypesofenvironment.Onereflectedstandardcommercialconditionsandtheotherwascushierwithmorespaceandplentyofsoft，deepstraw.Afterthepigsgotaccustomedtothesenewhomesoverafewweeks，theresearcherspicked18pigsfromeachtypetotrainandtesttheirjudgment.“Todothis，wetrainedeachpig.Inonecornerofatrainingroomtherewouldbeabowlwithchocolatesweets—pigslovethem—andattheoppositesideoftheroomtherewouldbeabowlcontainingcoffeebeans，whichpigsfindbittertasting，”aresearchersaid.Overanumberoftrainingtrials，pigslearnedtogotothebowlreliablywhenitwasinthecornerwheretheyhadfiguredouttoexpectchocolatesweets.Onthecontrary，theyquicklylearnedtoavoidthebowlwhenitwasinthecornerwheretheywouldexpecttofindthecoffeebeans.Theresearchersnextplacedanunfamiliarbowlindifferentlocations，toseehowthepigswouldreact.Somegailydashedtothebowlnomatterwhatwasinside，showingoptimismthatitwouldcontaintheirfavoritesweets.Others，however，behavedasthoughtheyexpectedittocontaincoffeebeans，displayingpessimism.Thefindingssuggestthataone-size-fits-allanswertoanimalwelfareissuesdoesnotexist.Evenifpigsarejustequaltobaconorothermeatforsomepeople，thereisstillcauseforconcern.Studieshavesuggestedthathowananimalistreatedduringitslifetimecandirectlyaffectmeatqualityandtaste.1．Whatwasthestudytryingtofigureout?A．Howtomakepigshappier.B．Thesimilaritiesbetweenhumansandpigs.C．Howlivingenvironmentaffectedpigs'mood.D．Howpigs'moodandpersonalityaffectedtheirjudgment.2．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“cushier”inParagraph2mean?A．Simple.B．Morecomfortable.C．Unpractical.D．Lessfree.3．Whichbowlcantestwhetherapigisoptimisticorpessimistic?A．Thebowlwithchocolatesweets.B．Thebowlcontainingcoffeebeans.C．Thebowlfullofbothsweetsandbeans.D．Thebowlunfamiliartotwotypesofpigs.4．Whatdothefindingsofthenewresearchimply?A．Peopleshouldtreatpigsequally.B．People'shealthreliesonmeatquality.C．Peopleshouldmeetpigs'variousneeds.D．People'sattitudetowardpigsistotallywrong.【解題導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇研究報告，敘述情緒和性格在動物中的互相作用?！径我馐崂怼康谝欢危焊爬ㄇ榫w和性格在動物中的互相作用，這些互相作用會影響它們的判斷。第二至五段：研究者Asher和她的研究團隊把豬分紅兩組進行實驗的過程。第六段：依據(jù)實驗結(jié)果，研究人員進行剖析和總結(jié)。1．D考察細(xì)節(jié)理解。依據(jù)文章第一段第二句“Thestudy，publishedinthejournalBiologyLetters，isthefirsttoshowthatmoodandpersonalityinteractinananimal,influencingjudgment”可知，選項D的歸納切合題意。因此選項D正確。2．B考察詞義猜想。依據(jù)畫線詞后的“morespaceandplentyofsoft,deepstraw”可知，另一個環(huán)境很舒坦。因此選項B正確。3．D考察細(xì)節(jié)理解。依據(jù)第五段第一句“Theresearchersnextplacedanunfamiliarbowlindifferentlocations,toseehowthepigswouldreact”以及該段后兩句的對照描繪可知，D選項與第五段內(nèi)容一致。因此選項D正確。4．C考察推理判斷。依據(jù)最后一段特別是最后一句可推知，要想獲取高質(zhì)量和口味好的豬肉，人們應(yīng)當(dāng)知足豬的多種需要。因此選項C正確。二、閱讀下邊資料，在空白處填入適合的內(nèi)容(1個單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。(2017·石家莊檢測二)Thebestwaytodealwithsportsinjuriesistokeepthemfromhappeninginthefirstplace.Knowingtherulesofthegameyou’replayingandusingtheright61.____________(equip)cangoalongwaytowardpreventinginjuries.Ifyouthinkyou’vebeeninjured,pull62.____________(you)outofthegameorstop63.____________(do)youractivityorworkout.Letacoachorparentknow2whathappenedincaseyouneedtoseeadoctor.Seriousheadandneckinjurieshappeninjuredpersonstillwithhisorherhead65.____________(hold)straightwhilesomeonecallsforemergency66.____________(medicine)help.Iftheperson67.____________(lie)ontheground,donottrytomovehimorher.Yourfirstquestionafterasportsinjurywill68.____________(probable)be，“WhencanIplayagain？”Thisdependsontheinjuryandwhatyourdoctortellsyou.Evenifyoucan’treturntoyoursportrightaway,adoctormighthaveyourdoctor70.____________tryinganyactivityfollowinganinjury.【解題導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文，敘述了在運動中受傷此后應(yīng)當(dāng)怎么辦。61．equipment分析：考察詞性變換。剖析句子構(gòu)造可知，此處指適合的器械，equipment表示“設(shè)施，器械”，是不行數(shù)名詞。62．yourself分析：考察代詞。這是一個祈使句，由前面的you可知，該處用yourself。63．doing分析：考察非謂語動詞。由“you’vebeeninjured”可知，受傷了就要停止活動，stopdoingsth.“停止做某事”，故用doing。64．who/that分析：考察定語從句。空處指引定語從句，先行詞為athletes，指人，故用who或that。65．held分析：考察with復(fù)合構(gòu)造。動詞hold與hisorherhead是動賓關(guān)系，故用過去分詞作賓補。66．medical分析：考察詞性變換。剖析句子構(gòu)造可知，此處是形容詞修飾名詞help，故用medical。67．lies/islying分析：考察時態(tài)。此處表示“假如這個人躺在/正躺在地上”，故應(yīng)用一般此刻時或此刻進行時。68．probably分析：考察副詞。剖析句子構(gòu)造可知，這里應(yīng)用副詞修飾動詞。69．a(chǎn)bout/on分析：考察介詞。剖析句意可知，這里指的是“做什么來保持健康的建議”，故用about/on表示“對于”。70．before分析：考察介詞。剖析句意可知，在試試任何活動以前先咨詢一下醫(yī)生，故用before。三、短文改錯。假設(shè)英語課上老師要求同桌之間互換改正作文，請你改正你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅波及一個單詞的增添、刪除或改正。增添：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號(∧)，并在其下邊寫出該加的詞。刪除：把剩余的詞用斜線(\)劃掉。3改正：在錯的詞下畫一橫線，并在該詞下邊寫出改正后的詞。注意：1.每處錯誤及其改正均僅限一詞；2．只同意改正10處，多者(從第11處起)不計分。(2017·濟南3月模擬)DearSteven，I’mgladthatyouarecomingtoBeijingthissummervacation.Youaskedmanyquestioninyourletter,andnowletmeanswerthem.Tostartwith,Beijing,thecapitalofChina,isveryattractivecitywithalonghistory.YoucanfoundallkindsofdeliciousfoodinBeijing,ofthatthemostfamousistheroastBeijingduck.Ihopewewillenjoyit.Besides,thereisagreatnumberoftouristattractionsworthvisiting,suchastheGreatWall,theSummerPalaceortheForbiddenCity.Thesescenicspotshaveattractedmillionsoftouristsinthisyear.IpromiseyouwillhaveawonderfullytimehereinBeijing.I’mlookingforwardtohearfromyouassoonaspossible.Yours，LiuChao答案：DearSteven，I’mgladthatyouarecomingtoBeijingthissummervacation.Youaskedmanyquestionquestions

inyourletter,andnowletmeanswerthem.Tostartwith,Beijing,thecapitalofChina,is∧,a)veryattractivecitywithfoundthatalonghistory.YoucanfindallkindsofdeliciousfoodinBeijing,ofwhichtheweismostfamousistheroastBeijingduck.Ihopeyouwillenjoyit.Besides,thereareagreatnumberoftouristattractionsworthvisiting,suchastheGreatWall,theorSummerPalaceandtheForbiddenCity.Thesescenicspotshaveattractedmillionsoftouristsinthisyear.IpromiseyouwillhaveawonderfullytimehereinBeijing.wonderfulhearI’mlookingforwardtohearingfromyouassoonaspossible.Yours，LiuChao四、七選五。4依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最正確選項。選項中有兩項為剩余選項。Whydoesn’ttheconductorfacetheaudience?1Astheonlypersonwithhisbacktotheaudience,theconductorisafigurewhoisbathedinthespotlight,buthiscomplexworkrequiresahighdegreeofmusicalskills,aswellasanabilitytoextractwhathedesiresoutofthegroupofartistsheleads—hisorchestra.2Apersonmaybecomeaconductorwithoutgraduatingfromtheconductingdepartmentofamusicschoolorstudyinginanykindofconductor’strainingprogram.However,becomingtheconductorofafamousorchestrarequiresagreatdealmorethanwhatisneededmerelytojoinanorchestra.3Thesenaturallyexamineaconductor’stechniqueandmusicalinterpretationwhenheconductsanorchestrathroughapreparedpieceofmusic,buttheyalsoinvolveasight-readingelement.4Theconductorthenhastositinaroomandmemorizethepiecebeforecomingoutandleadingtheorchestrathroughthepiecebymemory.Notonlydoestheconductorhavetomakehisarmandhandmotionproperly,andsignalalltheentrancesofeachinstrument,hehastopointoutintentionalmistakesmadebytheorchestramembersonthespot.Theleastcapabilitiesaconductormusthaveare:Theabilitytomemorizeanentirescore.Agoodearfordistinguishingcorrectnotesamongthemusicoftheentireorchestra.5Oftheconductorsthatmeettheserequirements,thosewithbettermusicalinsightandahigherlevelofcharisma(魅力)willsucceed.A.Theneedforacommonmusicalstandardbecomesnecessary.B.Theabilitytoleadagroupofprofessionalmusicians.C.Therearemanyconductingcompetitions.D.Forthis,thescoreofmusicisgiventotheconductoronsite.E.Thisishowtheroleoftheconductorcametobeestablished.F.Theroleoftheconductorisinfactnotwellunderstood.G.Therearenoexaminationsforbecomingaconductor.【文章粗心】本文主要介紹了樂隊的指揮老是背對著觀眾,而不面向觀眾的原由,以及成為5一名樂隊指揮需要哪些方面的能力等。1.【分析】選F?？疾爝壿嬯P(guān)系。依據(jù)前面的“Whydoesn’ttheconductorfacetheaudience”可知,人們對樂隊指揮這一工作不甚認(rèn)識,再依據(jù)本空后的內(nèi)容推測應(yīng)選F項。2.【分析】選G?？疾煲饬x平等。依據(jù)本空后邊的“Apersonmaybecomeaconductorwithoutgraduatingfromtheconductingdepartmentofamusicschoolorstudyinginanykindofconductor’strainingprogram”可知,樂隊的指揮不需要畢業(yè)于專業(yè)的音樂學(xué)?；蚪?jīng)過有關(guān)的訓(xùn)練,與G項的“不用考試”一致。3.【分析】選C?？疾齑~指代。依據(jù)空格后邊的“Thesenaturallyexamineaconductor’stechniqueandmusicalinterpretationwhenheconductsanorchestrathroughapreparedpieceofmusic”可知,應(yīng)選C項。這里的These指的是C項中的competitions。4.【分析】選D?？疾煲饬x平等。依據(jù)后邊的“Theconductorthenhastositinaroomandmemorizethepiece”可知應(yīng)選D項。5.【分析】選B?？疾煸~匯復(fù)現(xiàn)。與前面的“Theabilitytomemorizeanentirescore”中的ability是并列的。應(yīng)選B。五、書面表達。(2017·合肥第二次質(zhì)量檢測)近期，某中學(xué)生英文報就“MyDreamClassroom”向中學(xué)生征稿。請你依據(jù)征稿啟事寫篇英語短文投稿。注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；2．能夠適合增添細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連接。MyDreamClassroom____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________