GreatScientists李仕才第一節(jié)閱讀理解AAbout1.3billionyearsago,twomassiveblackholeshiteachotherandformedanewone.Theenergysetfreebythecollisioncreatedaripple(漣漪)inthespace-timestructureandspreadoutwardingravitationalwaves(引力波)．Then,onSeptember14,2015,agroupofscientistsdiscoveredthewaves.OnFebruary11,anannouncementcamefromtheLaserInterferometerGravitationalWaveObservatory(LIGO)intheUSthat,fortheveryfirsttime,agravitationalwavewasdirectlyobservedandrecorded.“Wediscoveredgravitationalwaves.Wedidit，”DavidReitze,thedirectorofLIGO,saidinthepressconferenceonFebruary11.“It'sexactlywhatEinstein'stheoryofgeneralrelativitypredicted.”Einstein's1915theoryreimaginedtheframeworkfortheuniverse.AccordingtoEinstein,theframeworkfortheuniverse—orthespacetimestructure—isnotfixed，Butchangedbymatterandenergy“inawayaheavysleepercausesamattresstosag(床墊下凹),producingtheeffectwecallgravity”，explainsaNewYorkTimesarticle.“Adisturbanceintheuniversecouldcausespacetimetobecomelarger,breakintopiecesandevenmoveupanddown,likeamattressshakingwhenthatsleeperrollsover,producingripplesofgravity:gravitationalwaves，”explainsthearticle.Comparedwiththeotherthreeforcesintheuniverse(electromagnetism,theweaknuclearforceandthestrongnuclearforce),gravityisrelativelyweak,makinggravitationalwaveshardtodiscover.ThediscoverybyLIGOwouldopenanewchapterinastronomy.“Everythingelseinastronomyisliketheeye，”SzabolcsMarka,aColumbiaUniversityprofessor,toldTheNewYorkTimes.“Finally,astronomygrewears.Weneverhadearsbefore.”篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇說明文。文中敘述了引力波的發(fā)現(xiàn)證明了1915年愛因斯坦的預(yù)測，這為人類更好地研究宇宙供給了可能。1．Whatisagravitationalwaveaccordingtothetext?A．It'sadisturbanceintheuniverse.B．It'sthecrashofthetwoblackholes.C．It'sarippleinthespacetimestructure.D．It'saneffectcausedbyenergy.答案：C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章第一段第二句“Theenergysetfreebythecollisioncreatedarippleinthespacetimestructureandspreadoutwardingravitationalwaves.”可知，引力波就是在時空構(gòu)造中產(chǎn)生的漣漪。應(yīng)選C項。2．WhyisthediscoverybyLIGOimportant?A．ItprovesEinstein's1915theory.B．Thewaveswerehardtodiscover.C．Thewaveschangedtheuniverse.D．Itreshapesthespacetimestructure.答案：A推理判斷題。依據(jù)文章第二段最后一句“It'sexactlywhatEinstein'stheoryofgeneralrelativitypredicted.”可知，該發(fā)現(xiàn)證明了愛因斯坦1915年提出的理論，這也是此項發(fā)現(xiàn)的重要性所在。應(yīng)選A項。3．Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A．IttookLIGO4monthstoconfirmthediscovery.B．Theframeworkfortheuniversecanbechanged.C．Oneproducesgravitybecausehesletifheavily.D．Therearemorethanfourforcesintheuniverse.4．Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A．Astronomycallsformoreattention.B．Neverbeforehasastronomyachievedmuch.C．Astronomyismoreaboutwhatwecanhearinspace.D．Abetterunderstandingoftheuniverseismadepossible.答案：D要旨粗心題。這一發(fā)現(xiàn)翻開了天文學(xué)的新篇章，依據(jù)本段最后兩句“Finally,astronomygrewears.Weneverhadearsbefore.”可知，我們將會對宇宙有更好的認(rèn)識。2應(yīng)選D項。BMyfamilymovedaroundalotwhenIwasgrowingup.In2ndgrade，IlivedhereinWashingtonD．C,whereImadeanamazinggroupoffriends.IwasupsetwhenmyparentstoldmeweweremovingagainandIwouldhavetoleaveallmybestfriendsbehind.In7thgrade,wemovedbacktoWashingtonD．C.AndIcouldnothavebeenmoreexcitedandIfeltlikeIwasfinallyhomeagain.Butthingshadchanged.Thereweretwonewgirls,whodecidedthattheydidn'tlikeme,whichmeantnooneelsecould,notevenallmyformerbestfriends.Andthenonedayduringschool,Iopenedmylocker,onlytofindanotelyingonthefloor.Thenotesaid：Die.Nobodylikesyou.MyheartstartedbeatingfasterandIfeltthebloodrushingtomyface.Ihadnoideawhattodo.Thenotewasn'tsignedandIhadnoideawhohadwrittenit,butIfiguredthenewgirlswerebehindit.Ihadtositinclassalldaywithmyheaddown,wonderingwhoelseknewaboutthis.Ifelthorribleandsurethatshamenothingwouldeverbegoodagain.Idecidedthattheperfectwaytoendallofthiswaswithanothernote,leftonthebathroommirroratschool.It'ssadforsomeonetobully(欺凌)otherclassmatestomakethemselvesfeelbetterorlookcool.Bullyingothersisawaytoimpressothers.It'scommon,butthatdoesn'tmeanit'sokay.Lookingcoolisnotworthmakingothersfeelbad.ObviouslyI'mveryhappynow,butitdoesn'tmeanI'lleverforgetaboutthatnoteorhowitmademefeel.Andtothoseofyouthatarecurrentvictimsofbullying—knowthatyouareNOTalone.Itwillgetbetter.Ipromise.篇章導(dǎo)讀：家庭的搬家給孩子的生活和學(xué)習(xí)都帶來了一些問題，但本文小作者以踴躍且坦誠的心態(tài)去面對，用頗具建設(shè)性的方法去解決，值得讀者們學(xué)習(xí)、借鑒。5．WhywastheauthorunhappywhensheleftWashingtonD．C?A．Shecouldn'tadaptherself.B．Shehadtoleavebestfriends.C．Shewasgrowingupthere.D．Shehatedtravelingalot.答案：B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文中第一段的最后一句可知，答案是B。6．Whentheauthoropenedthelocker,shefelt________.3A．surprisedB．a(chǎn)nnoyedC．a(chǎn)musedD．a(chǎn)shamed7．Intheend,theauthorturnedthingsaround________.A．underherteacher'sguideB．bycompromisingtoothersC．withherbestfriends'helpD．throughherownefforts答案：D推理判斷題。依據(jù)文中倒數(shù)第二段可知答案，即經(jīng)過自己的努力，用踴躍建設(shè)性的方法解脫窘境。8．Whatsuggestiondoestheauthorgivetotheteens?A．Meetfriendswheneverpossible.B．Makeeffortstofightbackhard.C．Goeasyonyourselfandothers.D．Beoptimisticandletathingslide.第二節(jié)完形填空閱讀下邊的短文，掌握其粗心，而后從1～20題所給的A、B、C和D項中，選出最正確選項。Whenourrestaurantbusinessfailed，weheadednorthinacampingtrucktoTexas，hopingtohavea“freshstart”．Atthe____1____ofPaloDuroCanyon(峽谷)StatePark，I____2____ajobadvertisementhiringparkhosts.Thepositionoffereda____3____，permanentcampsiteinthepark，and____4____，thehostsservedasalinkbetweenthepark'sguestsandtherangers(護(hù)林人)．Itwastheperfectsolution:arentfreeplacetoreorganizeourlives.WeenteredtheparkandImadean____5____forthefollowingday.4Theparkwas____6____，soittookussometimetofindanavailablesite.Thatevening，aswefinishedourdinner，mywifesawtwolargeskunks(臭鼬)walkingtowardourtable.We____7____climbedontothetableand，forthenextfourhours，waitedforthemto____8____ourcamp.Havingsurvivedthatnight，wewere____9____thateverythingelsewouldbeallour____10____andgaveusabeautifulcampsite.Thatevening，____11____，welearnedaboutthecanyon____12____．Theywerestrongandcold,rockingourlittlecampingtruckviolently，andwelay____13____inthedarkuntilthewindsdiedaway.14____theweeksthatfollowed，welearnedtosurviveinourtruckand____15____thelittlemoneymywife____16____bysubstituteteaching.Buildingasuccessfulbusinessandthenlosingithadleftverylittletimeforbuildingasuccessful____17____．Foratimeafterourbusiness____18____IthoughtImightlosemyfamilyaswell.livinginthetiny____19____withnotelevision,wesatclosetogetherreadingandtalking.Oneevening，standingunderajeweledsky，Ifoundmyself____20____forallthehardships.Wehadwalkedthetrailsandclimbedthecanyonwalls.Wehadbecomeafamily!1．A.backB．entranceC.centreD．edge2．A.sponsoredB．publishedC．noticedD．a(chǎn)nswered3．A.freeB．safe5C．convenientD．beautiful4．A.inreturnB．intimeC．inshortD．inturn5．A.attemptB．a(chǎn)greementC．a(chǎn)ppealD．a(chǎn)ppointment6．A.idealB．dangerousC．crowdedD．quiet7．A.repeatedlyB．eventuallyC．immediatelyD．calmly8．A.attackB．passC．leaveD．search9．A.satisfiedB．confidentC．determinedD．a(chǎn)ware10．A.responsibilitiesB．requirementsC．circumstancesD．conditions11．A.moreoverB．thereforeC．meanwhileD．however12．A.windsB．snowsC．woodsD．trails613．A.achingB．quarrelingC．mourningD．shaking14．A.AfterB．BetweenC．DuringD．Beyond15．A.giveawayB．handoutC．liveonD．putaside16．A.borrowedB．postedC．earnedD．raised17．A.businessB．familyC．careerD．image18．A.startedB．failedC．expandedD．declined19．A.campB．parkC．houseD．truck20．A.desperateB．readyC．suitableD.thankful語篇解讀：：本文體栽為記述文。題材為個人經(jīng)歷。文章敘述了作者買賣失敗后，全家去得克薩斯州開始新的生活。在應(yīng)聘“parkhost”一職后，一家人固然生活比較困難，但家人之間的關(guān)系更為親密。71．分析：依據(jù)知識可知，“我”應(yīng)當(dāng)在公園的進(jìn)口處看到招聘信息，attheentranceof意為“在進(jìn)口”。答案：B2．分析：sponsor“資助，提議”；publish“第一版，刊行”；notice“注意到”；answer“回答”；選C表示“我”注意到了這則廣告。答案：C答案：A4．分析：依據(jù)上下文可知，對方給我們供給了免費的陣營，作為回報，“我”要充任游客和護(hù)林人之間聯(lián)系的紐帶。答案：A5．分析：依據(jù)下文“Thenextdaywemetwiththepeoplewhoranthepark.”可知，“我”和管理公園的負(fù)責(zé)人見了面，而在會面以前應(yīng)是先預(yù)定。makeanappointment意為“預(yù)定”。答案：D6．分析：依據(jù)下文“ittookussometimetofindanavailablesite”可知，公園里的人好多，crowded意為“人多的，擁堵的”。答案：C7．分析：依據(jù)上下詞句意可推測，我們?yōu)榱碎W避臭鼬馬上爬到桌子上邊去，故C項符合語境。immediately“馬上，馬上”。8答案：C8．分析：我們等候臭鼬走開(leave)我們的陣營。答案：C9．分析：熬過了那個夜晚，我們相信其余全部事情會比較順利的。confident“有信心的，有掌握的”。答案：B答案：A11．分析：下文描繪了我們在陣營生活的困難，與上文組成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故D項切合句意。however意為“但是，可是”。答案：D12．分析：由下文“untilthewindsdiedaway”可知答案。答案：A13．分析：依據(jù)上文“Theywerestrongandcold，rockingourlittlecampingtruckviolently”可知，我們發(fā)抖地躺在車?yán)铮瑂hake此處意為“發(fā)抖”。答案：D14．分析：句意：在接下來的幾個禮拜里，我們學(xué)會了怎樣在貨車?yán)锷睢４鸢福篊915．分析：giveaway“贈予，泄漏，出賣”；handout“散發(fā)”；liveon“靠生活”；putaside“整理，放在一邊”。依據(jù)上文可知，此處指在接下來的幾個禮拜里我們靠老婆做代課教師掙得一點錢生活。答案：C16．分析：此處考察固定搭配。earnmoney意為“掙錢”。答案：C17．分析：依據(jù)下文“IthoughtImightlosemyfamilyaswell”可知B項切合句意。答案：B18．分析：依據(jù)文章第一段“Whenourrestaurantbusinessfailed...”可知。本句指此次失敗讓“我”感覺或許會失掉自己的家庭。答案：B19．分析：依據(jù)上文“welearnedtosurviveinourtruck”可知。答案：D答案：D第三節(jié)語法填空閱讀下邊資料，在空白處填入適合的內(nèi)容(1個單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。10Everymorning，LaoTsewentforawalkinthedawn.Heneverwalkedwithothers，asheknewthatpeoplecouldnotbequietandthattheywoulddisturbhishisfriend.Hesaid，“Lethimjoinyouduringyourmorningwalk.Itseemssuchalovelyexperiencetohim.Andhehaspromisedtobe3.________(complete)silent.”LaoTseagreedsothefriendcamealong.Theywalkedalongsideeachother4.________sayingoneword.Whentheywalkeddeeperintothewoods,theycametoalake5.________(surround)byhightrees.Thesun6.________(shine)throughthetreesandfellinpatternsonthewater.Itwasafantasticsight.Thefriend'sjawdroppedandwanted7.________(praise)thebeautifulscenery.Buthecoveredhismouthwithhishand，8.________herememberedhispromise.Aftertheycameback，LaoTsewas9.________(satisfy)withhiscompany.Andhesaidtohisneighbour，“Yourfriendisverynice.I'dliketowalkwithhimagain.”Sothetwooftenwalkedtogether.Butneitherofthemspokeanythingalltheway.10.________(respect)others'habitscanhelpusmakefriends.語篇解讀：敬愛他人的習(xí)慣才能跟他人成為朋友。1．分析：考察名詞。依據(jù)句意，他們會打攪他的寂靜。在形容詞性物主代詞以后，用名詞形式。答案：silence2．分析：考察冠詞。這里指提出一個懇求，故用不定冠詞。答案：a3．分析：考察副詞。形容詞前面用副詞修飾，表示完整地寂靜。答案：completely114．分析：考察介詞。依據(jù)句意，他們并肩走著，一句話也沒有說。故用without。答案：without5．分析：考察非謂語動詞。lake與surround之間是動賓關(guān)系，故用過去分詞作后置定語。答案：surrounded8．分析：考察連詞。這里是在解說原由，故填because，指引原由狀語從句。答案：because9．分析：考察形容詞。besatisfiedwithsb.意為“對人某滿意”。答案：satisfied10．分析：考察非謂語動詞。此處用動名詞作主語。答案：Respecting第四節(jié)短文改錯假設(shè)英語課上老師要求同桌之間互換改正作文，請你改正你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。錯誤波及一個單詞的增添、刪除或改正。增添：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號(∧)，并在其下邊寫出該加的詞。刪除：把剩余的詞用斜線(\)畫掉。改正：在錯的詞下畫一橫線，并在該詞下邊寫出改正后的詞。12注意：1.每處錯誤及其改正均僅限一詞；2．只同意改正10處，多者(從第11處起)不計分。Nothavingpassedtheexam,XiaoMingremainedintheclassroomafterschool.Whenasking,hetoldmehedidn'tdaretogohomebecauseofhewasafraidofbeingscoldedorbeatenbyhisdad.Hearingthathesaid,Ifeltsorryforhimandcouldn'thelpthinkofthe“wolffather”．Childrenwillbehavewelliftheyarepunishingwhentheydosomethingwrongandthatpunishmentshouldbephysicalpunishment,whichisanextremeimportanteducationalconcepttomanyparents.ButIthinkthis