PVDF基復合材料介電性能研究PVDF基復合材料介電性能研究

摘要：本論文研究了聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)基復合材料的介電性能。通過添加不同的納米填料和有機潤滑劑，制備了不同的PVDF復合材料，并對其介電性能進行了測試和分析。研究結果表明，添加低聚苯乙烯改性碳黑可顯著提高PVDF基復合材料的介電常數(shù)，而添加二氧化硅和氧化鋁等納米填料則可提高其介電強度和擊穿電場強度。此外，在PVDF基復合材料中添加少量的有機潤滑劑，可降低其介電損耗和介電常數(shù)，提高其絕緣性能。綜合分析表明，無論是單一納米填料還是復合納米填料，都對PVDF基復合材料的介電性能產(chǎn)生了顯著的影響。本研究結果對于進一步提高PVDF基復合材料的介電性能具有重要的指導和參考價值。

關鍵詞：聚偏氟乙烯;復合材料；納米填料；介電常數(shù)；介電強度；潤滑劑

Abstract:Thispaperstudiesthedielectricpropertiesofpolyvinylidenefluoride(PVDF)basedcompositematerials.DifferentPVDFcompositematerialswerepreparedbyaddingdifferentnanofillersandorganiclubricants,andtheirdielectricpropertiesweretestedandanalyzed.ThestudyfoundthataddinglowmolecularweightpolystyrenemodifiedcarbonblackcansignificantlyincreasethedielectricconstantofPVDF-basedcompositematerials,whileaddingnano-fillerssuchassilicaandaluminacanincreasetheirdielectricstrengthandbreakdownfieldstrength.Inaddition,addingasmallamountoforganiclubricanttoPVDF-basedcompositematerialscanreducetheirdielectriclossanddielectricconstant,andimprovetheirinsulationperformance.Inconclusion,bothsinglenanofillersandcompositenanofillershaveasignificantimpactonthedielectricpropertiesofPVDF-basedcompositematerials.TheresultsofthisstudyhaveimportantguidingandreferencevalueforfurtherimprovingthedielectricpropertiesofPVDF-basedcompositematerials.

Keywords:Polyvinylidenefluoride;compositematerial;nanofiller;dielectricconstant;dielectricstrength;lubricantPolyvinylidenefluoride(PVDF)isawidelyusedmaterialinthefieldofelectricalinsulationduetoitsexcellentelectricalinsulationproperties,highchemicalstability,andgoodmechanicalstrength.However,forsomehigh-voltageapplications,thedielectricpropertiesofPVDF-basedmaterialsneedtobefurtherimproved.OneeffectivewaytoimprovethedielectricpropertiesofPVDF-basedmaterialsistoaddnanofillers.

Singlenanofillers,suchascarbonnanotubes,graphene,andzincoxidenanoparticles,havebeenstudiedextensivelyfortheireffectonthedielectricpropertiesofPVDF-basedmaterials.TheadditionofthesesinglenanofillerscansignificantlyincreasethedielectricconstantofPVDF-basedmaterials.Forexample,thedielectricconstantofPVDF/carbonnanotubecompositematerialcanreachuptoseveralhundred,whichismuchhigherthanthatofpurePVDFmaterial.Thisisbecausesinglenanofillerscanformconductivepathsandincreasethepolarizationofthematerials,leadingtoanincreaseinthedielectricconstant.

However,theadditionofsinglenanofillerscanalsodecreasethedielectricstrengthofPVDF-basedmaterials,whichisnotdesirableforelectricalinsulationapplications.Compositenanofillers,suchasalumina/carbonnanotubesandboronnitride/graphene,canovercomethisproblem.TheadditionofcompositenanofillerscannotonlyincreasethedielectricconstantbutalsomaintainorevenimprovethedielectricstrengthofPVDF-basedmaterials.Thisisbecausecompositenanofillerscanenhancetheinterfacialinteractionbetweenfillersandpolymermatrix,leadingtoamoreuniformdistributionoffillersinthematrixandabetterreinforcementeffect.

Inaddition,theadditionoflubricants,suchassiliconeoilandpolytetrafluoroethylene,canalsoimprovethedielectricpropertiesofPVDF-basedmaterials.Lubricantscanreducethesurfaceenergyofthematerials,whichcandecreasethecontactangleandincreasethesurfaceroughness,leadingtoanincreaseinthedielectricconstantanddielectricstrength.

Insummary,theadditionofnanofillersandlubricantscansignificantlyimprovethedielectricpropertiesofPVDF-basedmaterials.However,thetype,content,anddispersionoffillersandlubricantsshouldbecarefullyoptimizedtoachievethebestperformance.Thisstudyprovidesimportantguidanceforthedevelopmentofhigh-performancePVDF-basedcompositematerialsforelectricalinsulationapplicationsFurthermore,itiscrucialtoinvestigatethelong-termstabilityandreliabilityofthesecompositematerials.Duetotheirpotentialuseinelectricalinsulationapplications,thematerialsmustmaintaintheirdielectricpropertiesoveranextendedperiodwithoutsignificantdegradationorbreakdown.

Moreover,itisimportanttoconsiderthemanufacturingprocessofthesecompositematerials.Theadditionofnanofillersandlubricantscanresultindifficultieswithdispersionandhomogeneity,leadingtovariationsinthedielectricpropertiesthroughoutthematerial.Therefore,itisnecessarytoestablishrobustandefficientmanufacturingprocessestoachieveconsistentandhigh-qualitycompositematerials.

Additionally,thecost-effectivenessofthesematerialsshouldbeconsidered,especiallyforcommercialscaleproduction.Thehighcostofsomenanomaterialsandlubricantsmaylimitthepracticalapplicationsofthecompositematerials.Hence,researchersmustexplorecost-effectivealternativesforfillersandlubricantswithoutcompromisingthedielectricpropertiesofthecompositematerials.

Inconclusion,theadditionofnanofillersandlubricantscansignificantlyimprovethedielectricpropertiesofPVDF-basedcompositematerialsforelectricalinsulationapplications.However,carefuloptimizationofthetype,content,anddispersionoffillersandlubricantsisnecessarytoachievethebestperformance.Futurestudiesmustinvestigatethelong-termstability,reliability,manufacturingprocesses,andcost-effectivenessofthesecompositematerialstoenabletheirpracticalapplicationsInadditiontotheaforementionedfactors,thecompatibilitybetweenthenanofillers,lubricants,andthepolymermatrixisanothercriticalissuethatneedstobeconsideredduringtheoptimizationprocess.Ifthefillersareincompatible,theymayagglomerateordispersepoorly,resultinginweakenedmaterialproperties.Moreover,theadditionoffillersandlubricantsmayalsoalterthethermal,mechanical,andrheologicalpropertiesofthepolymermatrix,whichcannotablyaffecttheprocessingandhandlingcharacteristicsofthecompositematerials.Therefore,itisessentialtodevelopsuitableprocessingtechniquestoensuretheuniformdispersionofnanofillersandlubricantswithinthepolymermatrix.

Thelong-termstabilityandreliabilityofPVDF-basedcompositematerialswithnanofillersandlubricantsneedtobethoroughlyevaluatedtoensuretheirsuitabilityforelectricalinsulationapplications.Althoughmanystudieshavereportedencouragingresults,furtherinvestigationsarerequiredtounderstandtheeffectofenvironmentalfactors,suchashumidity,temperature,andUVexposure,onthedurabilityandperformanceofthesecompositematerials.Moreover,itisnecessarytoinvestigatetheeffectofdifferentprocessingparametersontheelectricalpropertiesofthematerials.

Intermsofpracticalapplications,itiscrucialtoassesstheviabilityofmanufacturingPVDF-basedcompositematerialswithnanofillersandlubricantsonalargescale.Althoughthesematerialshaveshownattractiveproperties,theirmanufacturingcostisoftensignificantlyhigh