中考英語語法知識難點(diǎn)（十二）（十二）各種從句I．要點(diǎn)根據(jù)從句在句中的句法功能，從句可分為名詞性從句、定語從句和狀語從句。1、名詞性從句（1）主語從句Whathewantsisapieceofpaper.Itisbelievedthathecansolvetheproblem.注：主語從句的謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。（2）賓語從句Idon'tknowhowtosolvetheproblem.Doyouknowwherehelives?（3）表語從句Theproblemiswhocanhelpme.ThisiswhyIcamehere.（4）同位語從句Ihavenoideawherehewent.Iheardthenewsthathewouldcome.同位語從句用that引導(dǎo)，常跟在fact,idea,news,promise,thought,message,hope,belief,doubt等詞后，that在從句中不作任何成分。2、定語從句在復(fù)合句中，修飾某一名詞或代詞，或修飾整個(gè)主句的從句叫做定語從句，引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系代詞有who,whom,whose,which,that,as,和關(guān)系副詞when,where,why。（1）that指物時(shí)一般可與which互換，但在下列情況下，要用that而不用which。a.先行詞有all,everything等不定代詞時(shí)，如，Everything(that)hedidiswrong.b.先行詞被all,every,no,some,any,little,much等修飾時(shí)，如，I'llreadallthebooks(that)youlendme.c.先行詞被序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級修飾時(shí)，Thisisthefirstletter(that)theboyhaswritten.d.先行詞被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast修飾時(shí)，如Heistheveryman(that)I'mlookingfor.e.只用which的情況在介詞后或在非限定性定語從句中Thisisthebookaboutwhichwehavetalkedalot.Thebook,whichhegavemeyesterday,isveryinteresting.f.where和when作關(guān)系副詞ThisistheroomwhereIworked.ThisistheroomwhichIstayedin.Irememberedthedaywhenwelivedthere.IrememberedthedaythatIspentthere.g.as和whichas可以放于句首，而which不可以Asyouknow,heisgoodatEnglish.threeofthem和threeofwhichIhavealotofbooks,threeofwhichareinRussian.IhavealotofbooksandthreeofthemareinRussian.3、狀語從句在復(fù)合句中起狀語作用的從句叫做狀語從句。狀語從句可分為時(shí)間狀語、地點(diǎn)狀語、原因狀語、目的狀語、結(jié)果狀語、條件狀語、行為方式狀語、比較狀語、讓步狀語等多種。II．例題例1、_______

Iacceptthegiftorrefuseitisnoneofyourbusiness.A.IfB.WhetherC.EvenifD.Nomatterwhen解析：該題答案為B。whether可以和or連用，if不可以，此外if一般僅用于賓語從句。例2、Theway_______

thesecomradeslookatproblemsiswrong.A.whereB.inthatD.withwhich解析：該題答案為C，先行詞是way，定語從句中用that或inwhich來引導(dǎo)或不填。例3，____alongtimesinceIsawyoulasttime.A．