2021-2022年內(nèi)蒙古自治區(qū)興安盟大學(xué)英語(yǔ)6級(jí)大學(xué)英語(yǔ)六級(jí)真題(含答案)學(xué)校:________班級(jí):________姓名:________考號(hào):________

一、2.ReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(20題)1.

Bionicsisnowdevelopedtoaremarkablelevel.

A.YB.NC.NG

2.

Someadsfailbecauseoflackoforiginality,andtheadagenciessufferfinanciallossfromthat.

A.YB.NC.NG

3.

Ifyoudisagreewiththewayyourex-spouse______,youcanaskthecourttodecidethebestinterestsofthechildregardingsuchissuesasreligiousinstructionormedicalcare.

4.

Laterhehadtothrow50flashlightbatteriesawaybecause______hadbeendrainedfromthem.

5.

1,000caloriesonafoodpackageequalsto1kilocalorie.

A.YB.NC.NG

6.BesurenottousebirthdatesoryourphonenumbersasyourPINbecausethey______.

7.

Regardlessofotherworkplacechanges,employeesmaylongforandworkerswillstillneedto______inordertodotheirbest.

8.

WithmajorinternationalchainslikeCarrefourandWal-martexpandingaggressivelyinChina,Chineseretailersandgovernmentofficialsare______aboutthegrowingforeigncompetition.

9.

IfalltheiceintheAntarcticmelted,globalsealevelswouldrisehugely.

A.YB.NC.NG

10.

All-PointsBulletinoftenappearsintrue-crimedocumentaries,sopeoplearequitefamiliarwithit.

A.YB.NC.NG

11.

Theemphasisofthisadvertisementison______.

12.

MaryLynMillersuggeststhatajobseekerdevelopavisionthatanswersthequestion"______".

13.

Intranslatinglifeintoanimage,televisionis______life.

A.recordingB.imitatingC.creatingD.falsifying

14.AU.S.scientificreportconcludedthatsometrendsofclimatechangewerecausedby______.

15.

Nomatterhowslowtechnologyrevolutionsare,theycanchangeourlifestyles.

A.YB.NC.NG

16.

IfAmericansaren'tcompetitiveinscience,theycannotsurvivetheseverecompetitionbetweendevelopedcountries.

A.YB.NC.NG

17.Toreducethedamageofbooksinaroomwithwindows,youhaveto______.

18.Usingwhatyouknowinotherfieldsoffersyouthechancenotonlytotesttheknowledgebutalsotodevelop______.

19.

Onlyverticaldisplacementofoceanfloorcausedbyearthquakesgeneratestsunamis.

A.YB.NC.NG

20.

AccordingtoLegato,prescriptiondrugshaveplayedanimportantroleintheextensionoflifeexpectancysince______.

二、3.ListeningComprehension(20題)21.聽(tīng)力原文：M:Oneofthemostcommonquestionsweaskaboutpeople'sbehavior.is"why".Whydidshesaythis?"Whydidhedothat?Sometimesthereasonisobvious,forexample,someoneisdrivingdownthestreet,thelightturnsred,theystop,why?

W:Becausetheyhaveto,legallyImean.

M:Exactly!Inthiscasethereasonisobvious,soweusuallydon'tquestionit.Butwhenthereasonisnotsoobviousandespeciallywhenthebehavior.couldhavenegativeconsequenceswe'llmorelikelytofeelaneedtoexplainthecausesofthebehavior.Socialpsychologistshaveatermforthis,fortheprocessofexplainingthecausesofthebehavior,it'scalled"causalattribution".Andonetheorysuggests,there'sapatterninthewaywegoaboutattributingcausestopeople'sbehavior.Accordingtothistheory,therearetwocategoriesofreasons:internalfactorsandexternalfactors.Again,Lisa,sayyou'redrivingdowntheroadandallofasuddensomeguyturnsintothelanerightinfrontofyou,andyouhavetoslamonyourbrakestoavoidanaccident.Howdoyoureact?

W:I'llprobablygetveryangry.

M:Because...

W:Well,he'snotpayingattention,he'sabaddriver.

M:Soyouautomaticallyattributethedriver'sbehavior.toaninternalfactor.Hehimselfistoblamebecauseheiscareless.

W:SoifIsaiditwasbecauseofheavytrafficorsomething,I'dbeattributinghisbehavior.toanexternalfactor,somethingbeyondhiscontrol.

M:Good.Nowhowdoweusuallyexplainourownnegativebehavior?

W:Weblameexternalfactors.

M:That'sright.

(23)

A.Commoncausesofanger.

B.Judgingpeople'sbehavior.

C.Changingpeople'sattitudes.

D.Theeffectsofnegativebehavior.

22.(29)

A.Apersonshouldprobablybetheleastafraidofadwarfshark.

B.Apersonshouldprobablybetheleastafraidofatigershark.

C.Apersonshouldprobablybetheleastafraidofabullshark.

D.Apersonshouldprobablybetheleastafraidofagreatwhiteshark.

23.聽(tīng)力原文：TheAmericansbelievethatanybodycanbecomePresidentoftheUnitedStates.InarecentHollywoodcomedy,thatisexactlywhathappens.

DaveKovic,playedbyKevinKline,isakind-heartedmanwhorunsabusinessthatfindspeoplejobs.HeleadsatypicalAmericanwayoflife,exceptforonething—helooksexactlylikethePresident,BillMitchell.Infact,theonlythingthatmakeshimdifferentfromthenation'sleaderisthatheisverynice!

Thepresidenthasstartedusinglook-alikesduringsomepublicappearances.Daveisofferedachanceto"servehiscountry"bybecomingone.However,thingsgowrong.ThePresidentbecomesveryillandDaveendsupactingasthePresidentforever.

DirectorIvanReitman,whomadethepopularandsuccessfulcomedieslikeTwins,GhostbustersandLegalEagles,couldhavegoneforeasylaughsbymakingfunoftheAmericangovernment.Instead,Daveisanattractivecomedyaboutanordinarymaninextraordinarysituations.KevinKlinegivesadoubleperformanceasDaveandthePresident,andSigourneyWeaverisatherbestashisFirstLady.ThelovestorythatdevelopsbetweenherroleandDaveisarealclassic.

Thefilmis100%American.However,ifyou'veeverfeltthatanybodycoulddoabetterjobrunningthecountrythanthepeopleinpower,thenyou'llenjoyDave!

(30)

A.TomakeacomparisonbetweenDaveandotherfilms.

B.TodiscusstheAmericans'ideasaboutthePresident.

C.TotellreadersabouttheAmericangovernment.

D.Tointroduceanewfilmtothereader.

24.(31)

A.FlytoAmsterdamdirectly.

B.Taketheship.

C.FlytoLondonandtakeacoach.

D.Buyticketdirectlyfromtheairlines.

25.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD,anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.

聽(tīng)力原文：M:Friday'sspeakerissupposedtobewonderful.Areyougoingtoattendtheseminaronthatday?

M:Yes.ButIhaven'tbeenabletogetheticketyet.Sincetheelctureisopentohepublic,Iimaginethattheticketsmayhavealreadybeensoldoat.

Q:Whyisthemanafraidhewon'tbeabletoattendtheseminar?

(12)

A.Hethinksthattherewon'tbeenoughseatsforeverybody.

B.Hethinksthatthespeakerwon'tshowup.

C.Hethinkstheseminarwon'tbeopentothepublic.

D.Hethinksthattheremightnotbeanymoreticketsavailable.

26.聽(tīng)力原文：Narrator:Firstweheardmedicalstudiessayingthatcaffeineincoffeewasprobablybadfortheheart,butrecentresearchshowedthatcoffeemaybegoodforthecardiovascularsystem,thatleftcoffeeloverslikeCorrineMckilloptowonder.

CorrineMckillop:I'dliketoknowwhichitis.It'sveryconfusing.Isitgoodorisitnotgood?

Narrator:Well,anewstudymayexplaintheconflictinginformation.Accordingtotheresearch,coffeecanbebothgoodandbad.Italldependsonyouandwhichversionofageneyouhave.

Dr.SeanKenniff:Researchersbelievethatabouthaftofusaxecarryingagenethatallowsthebodytobreakdowncaffeinequickly.Therestofushavethetypeofgenethatmoreslowlymetabolizesthestimulant.

Narrator:Inthestudyscientistsdiscoveredcoffeedrinkerswiththefasterversionofthegenehadnoincreasedriskofheartdisease;however,peoplewiththegenethatbreaksdowncaffeineslowlyhadasignificantlyhigherrisk.

Dr.SeanKenniff:Whenthecaffeinecirculatesinyourbodyforalongperiodoftime,youmightinfactexperienceadversehealthconsequencesfromthat.Nowallofuswanttoknowthesamething.

CorrineMckillop:Well.I'dliketofindoutwhatgeneIhave.

Narrator:Well,that'sthebadnews.Thereisatesttofindout,butitprobablywon'tbereadilyavailableforawhile.Sowhattodountilthen,theansweris,inaword—moderation.Thestudyalsofoundthatpeoplewithaslowergenecanlimittheirriskiftheylimittheircoffeetooneortwocupsaday.

(23)

A.Theinfluenceofcoffeeontheheart.

B.Whatkindofgeneisbeneficialtopeople.

C.Howtofindoutwhatgeneonehas.

D.Howmanycupsofcoffeepeopleshouldhaveeachday.

27.

【B2】

28.(25)

A.Hewillprobablyoverchargeher.

B.Heisoneofherneighbors.

C.Heonlyworksonnewcars.

D.Hehasfixedhercarbefore.

29.聽(tīng)力原文：VirginiaBrownisintheninthgradeatAshleyHighSchoolSinceherfirstyearinschool,shehashadperfectattendanceandallhergradeshavebeenA's.However,shegotaCincookingclassandherheartwasbroken.Shedidn'tlikeitsomuchthatherdadfiledacomplaintinfederalcourtaboutit.Hethinksthattheteacher,whoiswhite,discriminatedagainsthisdaughter,whoisblack.(32)HeseekstohavehergradechangedfromaCtoanAandasksforunspecifiedfinancialdamages.

WhenVirginiagottheC,shecriedthewholeweekendandwouldn'tcomeoutofherroom.Thegirlhasn'tbeenthisupsetsincehercatgotrunoverbyacarwhenshewas6yearsold.

Virginiaisamodelstudent,andshe'stheclasspresident.(33)She'sontheswimteam.thevolleyballteam,andthetrackteam.Shebelongstothechessclub,andsheisamemberoftheGirlScoutsandsingsinherchurchchoir.

(34)Thehomeeconomicsteacheris28-year-oldJessicaSmith.Thisisherfirstyearteaching.MsSmiththoughtthatdiscriminationwasabsolutelynottheissue.SomeofherbestfriendsareAfrican-Americansandthatisn'tablackandwhiteproblem.Andsheisgoingtosuethemfordefamationofcharacterandwhateverelseherlawyercomesupwith.

(35)Theschoolprincipal,whogrewupinIndia,saidthathebackedMsSmith100percent.HethoughtthatVirginiawasanexcellentstudent,whowouldhavenoproblemgettingintothebestuniversitiesevenwithaCincooking.

(33)

A.Heonlywantstochangehisdaughter'sgrade.

B.Hewantstohavetheteacherapologizetohisdaughter.

C.Heonlyasksforcompensationforemotionaldamages.

D.Hewantstochangethegradeandcompensation.

30.(30)

A.Theirbusinesshoursarelimited.

B.Theirsafetymeasuresareinadequate.

C.Theirbankingproceduresarecomplicated.

D.Theydon'thaveenoughservicewindows.

31.(24)

A.Thecollegedoesn'thaveanyrock-climbingequipment.

B.Therearenoappropriateplacesforrock-climbingnearby.

C.Thereis,noonetoteachthemhowtodorock-climbing.

D.Notmanystudentsareinterestedinrock-climbing.

32.聽(tīng)力原文：M:Hi,Anna!Welcomeback!How'syourtriptotheStates?

W:Verybusy.Ihadalotofmeetings,so,ofcourse,Ididn'thavemuchtimetoseeNewYork.

M:Whatapity!Actually,Ihaveatriptheremyselfnextweek.

W:Deyou?Thentakemyadvice,dothewell-beingintheairprogram.Itreallyworks.

M:Oh,Ireadaboutthatinamagazine.Yousayitworks?

W:Yes,IdidtheprogramontheflighttotheStates,andwhenIarrivedatNewYork,Ididn'thaveanyproblem,nojetlagatall.Onthewayback,Ididn'tdoit,andIfeltterrible.

M:You'rejoking!

W:Notatall,itreallymeantalotofdifference.

M:Eh.Sowhatdidyoudo?

W:Well,Ididn'tdrink,anyalcoholorcoffee,andIdidn'teatanymeatorrichfood.Idrinkalotofwater,andfruitjuice,andIatethemealsonthewell-beingmenu.They'relighter.Theyhavefish,vegetables,andnoodles,forexample,andIdidsomeoftheexercisesintheprogram.

M:Exercises?Onaplane?

W:Yes.Ididn'tdomany,ofcourse,thereisn'tmuchspaceonaplane

M:Howmanypassengersdotheexercises?

W:Notmany.

M:Thenhowmuchchampagnedidtheydrink?

W:Alot!Itwasmorepopularthanmineralwater.

M:Sobasically,it'sachoice.Mineralwaterandexercises,orchampagneandjetlag.

W:That'sright!It'sadifficultchoice.

(23)

A.Togosightseeing.

B.Tohavemeetings.

C.Topromoteanewchampagne.

D.Tojoininatrainingprogram.

33.聽(tīng)力原文：W:TheplaceI'veheardsomuchaboutisLosAngeles.Theclimateisprettygood.Year-roundflowers,year-roundswimming.Howdoyoulikeit?

M:Well,thebeachesarebeautiful,butthepeoplethereareterriblyannoyedbythedirtyair.Imeanthecombinationoffog,smokeandautomobileexhaust.Thereisnotenoughwindtoblowitaway.

Q:WhatdoesthemanthinkofLosAngeles?

(19)

A.It'stoowindy.

B.Thepeoplethereareterrible.

C.Theairispolluted.

D.Thebeachesaredirty.

34.

【B6】

35.

【B11】

36.(17)

A.Shewasgivenanewposition.

B.Shewasgivenaraise.

C.Shewascriticizedforbeinglate.

D.Shewaspraisedforherservice.

37.

【B5】

38.(15)

A.He'salsointerestedinAmericanliterature.

B.Hehasn'tdecidedifhewouldtaketheliteratureclass.

C.Thewomanshouldhavealreadyfinishedherpaper.

D.Thewoman'stopicmaynotbeappropriate.

39.

【B4】

40.(36)

A.Itshowsthatdreamscanremindusofsomethingwe'vebeentoobusytoremember.

B.Itisanexampleofhowweoftendreamofveryordinaryevents.

C.Itshowshowdreamscanurgeustogetmoreintouchwithourrealfeelings.

D.Itdemonstratesthatwecandiscoverourinnermostanxietiesthroughlookingseriouslyatourdreams.

三、4.ReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(20題)41.

WhatproblemisChinanowfacing,intheaspectofconsumingoil?

42.

【C3】

43.

Whydoscientistsusesoftwareratherthanhardwareintheirexperiment?

44.SectionB

Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.

Thepooroldconsumer!We'dhavetopayagreatdealmoreifadvertisingdidn'tcreatemassmarketsforproducts.Itispreciselybecauseoftheheavyadvertisingthatconsumergoodsaresocheap.Butwegetthewrongideaifwethinktheonlypurposeofadvertisingistosellgoods.Anotherequallyimportantfunctionistoinform.Agreatdealoftheknowledgewehaveabouthouseholdgoodsderiveslargelyfromtheadvertisementsweread.Advertisementsintroduceustonewproductsorremindusoftheexistenceofoneswealreadyknowabout.Supposingyouwantedtobuyawashingmachine,itismorethanlikelyyouwouldobtaindetailsregardingperformance,price,etc,fromanadvertisement.

Lotsofpeoplepretendthattheyneverreadadvertisements,butthisclaimmaybeseriouslydoubted.Itishardlypossiblenottoreadadvertisementsthesedays.Andwhatfuntheyoftenare,too!Justthinkwhatarailwaystationoranewspaperwouldbelikewithoutadvertisements.Wouldyouenjoygazingatablankwallorreadingrailwaybylawswhilewaitingforatrain?Wouldyouliketoreadonlyclosely-printedcolumnsofnewsinyourdailypaper?Acheerful,wittyadvertisementmakessuchadifferencetoadrabwalloranewspaperfullofthedailyrationofcalamities.

Wemustnotforget,either,thatadvertisingmakesapositivecontributiontoourpockets.Newspapers,commercialrationandtelevisioncompaniescouldnotsubsistwithoutthissourceofrevenue.Thefactthatwepaysolittleforourdailypaper,orcanenjoysomanybroadcastprogramsisdueentirelytothemoneyspentbyadvertisers.Justthinkwhatanewspaperwouldcostifwehadtopayitsfullprice!

Anotherthingwemustn'tforgetisthe"smallads",whichareinvirtuallyeverynewspaperandmagazine.Whatatremendouslyusefulservicetheyperform.forthecommunity!Justaboutanythingcanbeaccomplishedthroughthesecolumns.Forinstance,youcanfindajob,buyorsellahouse,announceabirth,marriageordeathinwhatusedtobecalledthe"hatch,'matchanddispatch"columnbutbyfarthemostfascinatingsectionisthepersonalor"agony"column.Nootheriteminanewspaperprovidessuchentertainingreadingorofferssuchadeepinsightintohumannature.It'sthebestadvertisementforadvertisingthereis!

Wearedifferentfromtheoldconsumersinthat______.

A.wehavecheapgoodsbecauseofheavyadvertising

B.weknowtoinform.isoneofthefunctionsofadvertising

C.wehavemuchknowledgeabouthouseholdgoods

D.webelievetheonlypurposeofadvertisingistosellgoods

45.

Whatdoes"that"(Line1,Para.3)referto?

A.Ourintellectuallivesandourpublicspaces.

B.Marketing.

C.Citizenship.

D.Healthyculture.

46.SectionB

Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.

Thenumberofparentsteachingtheiroffspringathomewillincreaseifthecurrentpublicschoolsystemcontinuestobeviewedasanirrelevantinstitutionthatcanhinderachild'sabilitytolearn.

Theriseofhome-schoolingreflectsbroadeningdissatisfactionwithformaleducationintheUS.Discontentishighfortworeasons.First,publicschoolsareturningoutapoorproduct--illiterateandunpreparedgraduates.Forexample,American13-year-oldshavebeendocumentedashavingmathskillsthatrankbelowtheircounterpartsin14otherdevelopedcountries.Onesurveynotedthatjustone-thirdofhighschooljuniorscouldplacetheCivilWarinthecorrecthalf-century.Equallytroubling,publicschoolshavebecomesceneswheredrugsaresold,teachersarerobbed,andhomemadebombsarefoundinlockers.

Compoundingthesituation,teachers'unions,schoolofficials,andmanypoliticiansadamantly(堅(jiān)決地)opposetheuseofpublicmonies(錢(qián))forinnovativesolutions,suchasvouchersandcharterschools.Thosealternatives,althoughnotapanacea(萬(wàn)能)forallthepresentproblems,areatleastpromisingvehiclesthatcouldhelppoorandmiddle-incomeparentstofindbetterschoolsfortheirchildrenandbreakupthemonopolyofa"one-size-fits-all"philosophyofeducation.

Inlightoftheeducationalquagmire(沼澤)theUSfindsitselfin,manyparents,impatientforreform,aretakingmattersintotheirownhands.Onealternativethatisgaininggrowingpublicacceptanceistheeducationaloptionknownashome-schooling.Home-schoolingisdefinedsimplyasthe"educationofschool-agedchildrenathomeratherthanataschool".Home-schoolersbelievethatstudentswhoreceiveinstructionsimultaneouslyfromthehomeandthecommunityatlargewillbemoreculturallysophisticatedthanthosewhosebulkoflearningexperienceisconfinedtoaschool.Home-schoolingfamiliesbelievetheyareusingtheirlibertieswellandwisely.TheAmericancan-dospiritisevidentinthehome-schoolsandhouseholdsparentsmanagesimultaneously.Thosefamilies,however,couldusesomefurtherderegulation,beitthroughhome-schooltaxcreditsoralooseningofcompulsoryattendanceschoollaws,tomaketheirtaskeasier.

Accordingtothetext,thenumberofchildrenbeingschooledathomehasincreasedbecause______.

A.childrendon'twanttogotoschool

B.parentsaredissatisfiedwithpubicschools

C.home-schooledchildrenlearnbetter

D.publicschoolsaretoocrowded

47.Foraboutthreecenturieswehavebeendoingscience,tryingscienceout,usingsciencefortheconstructionofwhatwecallmodemcivilization.Everydispensableitemofcontemporarytechnology,fromcanallockstodialtelephonestopenicillin,waspiecedtogetherfromtheanalysisofdataprovidedbyoneoranotherseriesofscientificexperiments.Threehundredyearsseemsalongtimefortestinganewapproachtohumaninterliving,longenoughtosettlebackforcriticalappraisalofthescientificmethod,maybeevenlongenoughtovoteonwhethertogoonwithitornot.Thereisanargument.

Voiceshavebeenraisedinprotestsincethebeginning,risinginpitchandviolenceinthenineteenthcenturyduringtheearlystagesoftheindustrialrevolution,summoningurgentcrowdsintothestreetsanydaythesedaysontheissueofnuclearenergy.Giveitback,saysomeofthevoices,itdoesn'treallywork,we'vetrieditanditdoesn'twork,gobackthreehundredyearsandstartagainonsomethingelselesschancyfortheraceofman.

Theprinciplediscoveriesinthiscentury,takingallinall,aretheglimpsesofthedepthofourignoranceaboutnature.Thingsthatusedtoseemclearandrational,mattersofabsolutecertainty-Newtonianmechanics,forexample—haveslippedthroughourfingers,andweareleftwithanewsetofgiganticpuzzles,cosmicuncertainties,ambiguities;someofthelawsofphysicsareamendedeveryfewyears,somearecanceledoutright,someundergorevisedversionsoflegislativeintentasiftheywereactsofCongress.

JustthirtyyearsagewecallitabiologicalrevolutionwhenthefantasticgeometryoftheDNAmoleculewasexposedtopublicviewandthelinearlanguageofgeneticswasdecoded.Forawhile,thingsseemedsimpleandclear,thecellwasaneatlittlemachine,amechanicaldevicereadyfortakingtopiecesandreassembling,likeatinywatch.Butjustinthelastfewyearsithasbecomealmostunbelievablycomplex,filledwithstrangepartswhosefunctionsarebeyondtoday'simagining.

Itisnotjustthatthereismoretodo,thereiseverythingtodo.Whatliesahead,orwhatcanlieaheadiftheeffortsinresearcharecontinued,ismuchmorethantheconquestofhumandiseaseortheimprovementofagriculturaltechnologyorthecultivationofnutrientsinthesea.Aswelearnmoreaboutfundamentalprocessesoflivingthingsingeneralwewilllearnmoreaboutourselves.

Whatcan'tbeinferredfromthe1stparagraph?

A.Scientificexperimentsinthepastthreehundredyearshaveproducedmanyvaluableitems.

B.Forthreehundredyearstherehavebeenpeopleholdinghostileattitudetowardscience.

C.Moderncivilizationdependsonsciencesomansupportsscientificprogressunanimously.

D.Threehundredyearsisnotlongenoughtosettlebackcriticalappraisalofscientificmethod.

48.The4thparagraphshowsthattheUniversityofIllinois______.

A.wascriticizedbytheFDA

B.isingreattrouble

C.isrequiredbytheFDAtocallbackthesoldpiglets

D.mayhavetopaythepenalty

49.SectionB

Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.

Manyofthemostdamagingandlifethreateningtypesofweathertorrentialrains,severethunderstorms,andtornadoesbeginquickly,strikesuddenly,anddisappearrapidly,destroyingsmallregionswhileleavingneighbouringareasuntouched.SucheventasatornadostruckthenortheasternsectionofEdmonton,Alberta,inJuly1987.Totaldamagesfromthetornadoexceeded$250million,thehighesteverforanyCanadianstorm.

ConventionalcomputermodelsoftheatmospherehavelimitedvalueinpredictingshortlivedlocalstormsliketheEdmontontornado,becausetheavailableweatherdataaregenerallynotdetailedenoughtoallowcomputerstostudycarefullythesubtleatmosphericchangesthatcomebeforethesestorms.Inmostnations,forexample,weather-balloonobservationsaretakenjustonceeverytwelvehoursatlocationstypicallyseparatedbyhundredsofmiles.Withsuchlimiteddata,conventionalforecastingmodelsdoamuchbetterjobpredictinggeneralweatherconditionsoverlargeregionsthantheydoforecastingspecificlocalevents.

Untilrecently,theobservationintensiveapproachneededforaccurate,veryshort-rangeforecasts,or"Nowcasts,"wasnotfeasible.Thecostofequippingandoperatingmanythousandsofconventionalweatherstationswasextremelyhigh,andthedifficultiesinvolvedinrapidlycollectingandprocessingtherawweatherdatafromsuchanetworkwerehardtoovercome.Fortunately,scientificandtechnologicaladvanceshaveovercomemostoftheseproblems.Radarsystems,automatedweatherinstruments,andsatellitesareallcapableofmakingdetailed,nearlycontinuousobservationoverlargeregionsatarelativelylowcost.Communicationssatellitescantransmitdataaroundtheworldcheaplyandinstantaneously,andmodemcomputerscanquicklycompileandanalyzethislargevolumeofweatherinformation.Meteorologistsandcomputerscientistsnowworktogethertodesigncomputerprogramsandvideoequipmentcapableoftransformingrawweatherdataintowords,symbols,andvividgraphicdisplaysthatforecasterscaninterpreteasilyandquickly.Asmeteorologistshavebegunusingthesenewtechnologiesinweatherforecastingoffices,Nowcastingisbecomingareality.

Theword"exceeded"inparagraph1mostprobablymeans______.

A.addeduptoB.weremorethanC.wereaboutD.werelessthan

50.

Theauthormostprobablyagreesthatthinkingabout"Whathappensnext?"is______.

A.uncreativeB.unreliableC.worthlessD.thoughtless

51.Tostrengthenmoralinstruction,parentsshouldfixintotheirchildren'smindasenseof

52.ScholarssuchasProf.DunnandProf.DeLeireagreethat______.

A.richerpeoplefeelhappierandmoresatisfied

B.mostconsumerspreferleadingbrandslikeArmani

C.spendingonvacationsbringslong-termhappiness

D.peopleshouldcurbtheirspendingonmaterialthings

53."Itisimpossiblethatoldprejudicesandhostilitiesshouldlongerexist,whilesuchaninstrumenthasbeencreatedfortheexchangeofthoughtbetweenallthenationsoftheearth,"acclaimedVictorianenthusiaststhearrivalin1858ofthefirsttransatlantictelegraphcable.Peoplesaythatsortofthingsaboutnewtechnologies,eventoday.Biotechnologyissaidtobethecureforworldhunger.Thesequencingofthehumangenome(基因組)willsupposedlyuprootcancerandotherdiseases.Thewildestoptimism,though,hasgreetedtheInternet.AwholeindustryofInternethasattractedaudienceswithclaimsthattheInternetwillpreventwars,reducepollution,andcombatvariousformsofinequality.However,althoughtheInternetisstillyoungenoughtoinspireidealism,ithasalsobeenaroundlongenoughtotestwhethertheprophets(先知)canberight.

GrandestofalltheclaimsarethosemadebysomeoftheexpertsattheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnologyabouttheInternet'spotentialasaforceforpeace.NicholasNegroponte,hasdeclaredthat,thankstotheInte