本文格式為Word版，下載可任意編輯——定語(yǔ)從句教師版★重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法定語(yǔ)從句A.含義及構(gòu)成

1、作用：相當(dāng)于一個(gè)形容詞性的定語(yǔ)，修飾主句中的名詞或代詞。2、先行詞：被定語(yǔ)從句所修飾的名詞或代詞。3、關(guān)系代詞：who/whom/whose/that/which/as4、關(guān)系副詞：when/where/why

5、定語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞必需和先行詞在人稱(chēng)和數(shù)上保持一致。B.例如

1、Thisisagoodfilmthat(which)Isawafewdaysago.2、Thisisthegirlwhohasbeenlookingforherwallet.3、I,whoamyourfriend,amwillingtohelpyou.4、I’llrememberthedayswhenwestayedtogether.C.關(guān)系代詞的用法

指人指物主語(yǔ)who/thatwhich/that賓語(yǔ)(whom)/(that)(which)/(that)定語(yǔ)whosewhose例：IsShebathedog__who___wasrunoverandnearlykilledlastyear?家養(yǎng)寵物也可用who1、Doyouknowthemanwho’stalkingtoMr.Wang?2、Thisisthegirl(whom)youhavebeenlookingfor?3、Theboywhoseparentarepeasantsworkshardest.4.Doyouseethehouse___whose___windowsareallbroken?5、Whoisthepersonthatshookhandswithyou?6、I’llrememberourschoolwhichwestudiedin.7.Weoftentalkedofthingsandpersonsthatwerememberedinthemiddleschool.8.thesameas/suchas/as…as（先行詞被such修飾時(shí)，只能用as引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句）1).ThisisthesamepenasIfoundyesterday.（as作賓語(yǔ)）

2).Suchpeopleas(thosewho)arepresentatthemeetingarefromUSA.（as作主語(yǔ)）辨析：TheytalkedinsuchsimpleEnglishaschildrencouldunderstand.定語(yǔ)從句

TheytalkedinsuchsimpleEnglishthatchildrencouldunderstandit.結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句D.關(guān)系副詞的用法

when先行詞是表時(shí)間意義，在句中做時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)辨析1：

Doyouremembertheday__when___hecametoseeyou?when起副詞作用，作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)Doyouremembertheday__(that)____wespentinthewoods.that起代詞作用作賓語(yǔ)spend…where先行詞必需是表地點(diǎn)意義的詞語(yǔ)，在句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)辨析2：

Thisisthehouse__where____helivedlastyear.where起副詞作用，作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)Thisisthehouse_(which)_____hevisitedlastyear.起代詞作用，作賓語(yǔ)

why作原因狀語(yǔ)，只能引導(dǎo)限定性定語(yǔ)從句（在口語(yǔ)中可省略），其先行詞只有reason辨析3：

Thereason__why/that/不填______I’mphoningyouistoinviteyoutoaparty.

Thisisthereason__（that）____heexplainedtousallthemeeting.先行詞reason在從句中作賓語(yǔ)，只能用that或省略，不能用why練習(xí)：

1).Thisisthehousewhere(=inwhich)Ioncelivedtwoyearsago.

2).I’llrememberthedaywhen(=onwhich)thePeople’sRepublicofChinawasfounded.3).Idon’tknowthereasonwhy(=forwhich)Tomwaslateforclassthismorning.4).Idon’tlikethewaythat/不填/inwhichyouspeaktoher.

E.只用that不用which的狀況

1.先行詞被序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)。

例：ThefirstplacethatwevisitedinChinawastheForbiddenCity.

Thisistheninthtime_Iremindedyouofsuchalesson____(我提醒你這樣一個(gè)教訓(xùn))（remind）

2.先行詞是不定代詞時(shí)，如some,all,much,little,something,everything,anything,nothing,none等。anybody有時(shí)可用who

Allthatcanbedonehasbeendone.所有能做的都已經(jīng)做了。

3.先行詞被_theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast,one等詞修飾時(shí)。ThisisthesamebicyclethatIlosttwoweeksago.

4.先行詞中既有人也有物時(shí)。

Theytalkedofthingsandpersonsthattheyremembered.

5.主句中有_who,which_時(shí)_,用that以避免重復(fù)。Whoisthemanthatisreadingthenewspaperoverthere.

6.在way后面（指方式）常用that代替how或inwhich結(jié)構(gòu)Thisistheway(that)hedidit.

7.先行詞指物，且在句中作表語(yǔ)時(shí)。Isthisthepenthatyouwantedjustnow.不用that的狀況

1.引導(dǎo)非限定性定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)。

Sunbathing,whichisapopularsummerpastime,cancauseskincancer.2.當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞前有介詞時(shí)。

ThisisthecottageinwhichLynnewasborn.3.先行詞本身為that時(shí)

ThatwhichyoutoldMaiselaboutiswhatwewanttoknow.

F.限制性定語(yǔ)從句與非限制性定語(yǔ)從句

限制性定語(yǔ)從句是對(duì)先行詞加以限制或分類(lèi)，為句中不可缺少的部分，主句和從句之間不能用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)。

1.Thepeoplewhoworkintheofficeareveryfriendly.

非限制性定語(yǔ)從句是對(duì)先行詞的補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明，沒(méi)有它不影響句子的完整，常用逗號(hào)分開(kāi)。2.Ihavetwosisters,whoarebothstudents.3.Sundayisaholiday,whenpeopledonotgotowork.4.Chopin,whoseworksareworld-famous,composedsomeofhismusicinthisroom.

非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中的關(guān)系代詞which可指代整個(gè)主句或主句中某一部分所表達(dá)的意義，不能用that取代

5.Shesaidthatthemanwasathief,whichturnedouttobetrue.

6.Thisbookofyours,whichIfinishedreadinglastnight,wasveryinteresting.

G.介詞+關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句介詞+whom,whose,which步驟：

1.選擇正確的介詞

a.根據(jù)定語(yǔ)從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的習(xí)慣搭配。

講解1.Theschoolthemselvesadmitthatnotallchildrenwillbesuccessfulinthejobs__D____theyarebeingtrained.(2023年江西卷)

A.inthatB.forthatC.inwhichD.forwhich

從句還原：theyarebeingtrainedforthejobs.betrainedfor…固定短語(yǔ)，“為??而培訓(xùn)〞練習(xí)2.Americanwomenusuallyidentifytheirbestfriendassomeone___D____theycantalkfrequently.（2023年上海卷）

A.whoB.asC.aboutwhichD.withwhomtalkwithsb.固定搭配

b.由先行詞來(lái)決定。

講解1.Manypeoplewhohadseenthefilmwereafraidtogototheforestwhentheyrememberedthescenes___A___peoplewereeatenbythetiger.（2023年廣東卷）A.inwhichB.bywhichC.whichD.thatinthescenes“在這些情景中〞

練習(xí)2.Theplace___C____thebridgeissupposedtobebuiltshouldbe_______thecross-rivertrafficistheheaviest.（2023年XX卷）

A.which;whereB.atwhich;whichC.atwhich;whereD.which;inwhich第一空為定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞是place,表示橋在什么地方建，介詞用at;其次空為表語(yǔ)從句，表示地點(diǎn)，所以用連接詞where.

3.TheEnglishplay___C___mystudentsactedattheNewYear’spartywasagreatsuccess.(2023年全國(guó)卷)

A.forwhichB.atwhichC.inwhichD.onwhich

先行詞是play，通過(guò)還原我們可以看到原句：MystudentsactedintheEnglishplayattheNewYear’sparty.

c.表示附屬關(guān)系，部分與整體的關(guān)系或表示全部時(shí)，介詞應(yīng)用of。

講解1.Itisreportedthattwoschools,___D____arebeingbuiltinmyhometown,willopennextyear.(2023四川卷)

A.theybothB.whichbothC.bothofthemD.bothofwhichbothofwhich表示全部，即twoschools.

練習(xí)2.Thefactoryproduceshalfamillionpairsofshoeseveryyear,80%__A____aresoldabroad.（2023遼寧）

A.ofwhichB.whichofC.ofthemD.ofthat表示部分與整體的關(guān)系

練習(xí)3.Therearetwobuildings,___D_____standsnearlyahundredfeethigh.(2023湖北)A.thelargerB.thelargerofthemC.thelargeronthatD.thelargerofwhich表示所屬關(guān)系，which指代buildings.D.由句子表達(dá)的全部意義來(lái)確定。

講解1.Hewaseducatedatthelocalhighschool,___A___hewentontoBeijingUniversity.(2023XX卷)

A.afterwhichB.afterthatC.inwhichD.inthatWhich指代前面整個(gè)句子。

練習(xí)2.Ericreceivedtrainingincomputerforonyear,___B___hefoundajobinabigcompany.(2023遼寧)

A.afterthatB.afterwhichC.afteritD.afterthisWhich指代前面整個(gè)句子。

2.選擇正確的關(guān)系代詞：先行詞是人，關(guān)系代詞用whom或whose；先行詞是物，關(guān)系代詞為which★語(yǔ)法專(zhuān)練

1.GeorgeOrwell___D___wasEricArthur,wrotemanypoliticalnovelsandessays.A.therealnameB.whathisrealnameC.hisrealnameD.whoserealnameGeorgeOrwell和realname之間的關(guān)系是所屬關(guān)系，因此用whose

2.Luckily,we’dbroughtaroadmapwithout__D_____wewouldhavelostourway.A.itB.thatC.thisD.which

3.RecentlyIboughtanancientChinesevase,___B____wasveryreasonable.A.whichpriceB.thepriceofwhichC.itspriceD.thepriceofwhose花瓶是物體，因此用which

4.Thetwothings__B____theyfeltveryproudwereJim’sgoldwatchandDella’shair.A.aboutwhichB.ofwhichC.inwhichD.forwhichBeproudof固定搭配

5.Sheisateacherofmuchknowledge,___D____muchcanbelearned.A.whoB.thatC.fromwhichD.fromwhomLearnmuchfromsb.從某人處學(xué)習(xí)好多東西，固定搭配用適合的介詞填空：

1.Thesungivesusheatandlight,__without_____whichwecan’tlive.

2.Thestudent__about_____whomweweretalkingjustnowisthebeststudentinourclass.3.I’llneverforgettheday_on____whichshesaidgood-byetome.

4.Whocangivemethereason__for____whichhehasn’tturnedupyet?

H.定語(yǔ)從句專(zhuān)項(xiàng)練習(xí)

1.Theprizewillgotothewriter____C___storyshowthemostimagination.A.thatB.whichC.whoseD.what

2.Irefusetoaccepttheblameforsomething_____B____wassomeoneelse’sfault.A.whoB.thatC.asD.what

3.Asachild,Jackstudiedinavillageschool,____A____isnamedafterhisgrandfather.A.whichB.whereC.whatD.that

4.Finally,thethiefhandedeverything____D____hehadstolentothepolice.A.whichB.whatC.whateverD.that

5.ProfessorLihelpedalotofgraduates,manyof____D____laterweresuccessfulintheirfields.A.whoB.whichC.whoseD.whom/manyofwhom在句中做主語(yǔ)

6.Thesettlementishometonearly1,000people,manyof___A___lefttheirvillagehomesforabetterlifeinthecity.

A.whomB.themC.whichD.those7.Thesubject___D____wearegoingtoturnisaboutEnglishstudies.

A.aboutwhichB.withwhichC.aboutthatD.towhich

8.Windpowerisanancientsourceofenergy___C____wemayreturninthenearfuture.A.onwhichB.bywhichC.towhichD.fromwhich

9.I’vebecomegoodfriendswithseveralofthestudentsinmyschool____A____ImetintheEnglishspeechcontestlastyear.

A.who在口語(yǔ)中也可做賓語(yǔ)B.whereC.whenD.which10.Theprizewillgotothewriter___C___storyshowsthemostimagination.A.thatB.whichC.whoseD.what

11.Irefusetoaccepttheblameforsomething_____B____wassomeoneelse’sfault.A.whoB.thatC.asD.what

12.Asachild,Jackstudiedinavillageschool,___A_____isnamedafterhisgrandfather.A.whichB.whereC.whatD.that

13.Wewentthroughaperiod___C____communicationswereverydifficultintheruralareas.A.whichB.whoseC.inwhichD.withwhich

14.All_