2021-2022年山西省長(zhǎng)治市大學(xué)英語6級(jí)大學(xué)英語六級(jí)真題(含答案)學(xué)校:________班級(jí):________姓名:________考號(hào):________

一、2.ReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(20題)1.TheMysteryoftheMayas

Theruinsofonce-beautifulcitiesintheforestsofCentralAmericatellscientistsmuchabouttheamazingpeoplewhobuiltthem.Buttheydonottellwhythesecitiesweresuddenlyabandonedoveronethousandyearsago.AroundA.D.800,somethingmysterioushappenedtotheMayancivilization.Wallsandfoundationsfornewbuildingswereleftunfinished.Tomodernarcheologists,itlookedasifthecitieshadbeenabandoned.Whathappened?Whatisthepossibleexplanationofthismystery?

EarlyDiscoveries

Inthelate1700's,agroupofexplorerscuttingtheirwaythroughaforestinCentralAmericacameupontheruinsofanancientcity.Underatangleoftreesandvines,theyfoundlarge,welldesignedstonebuildingsandhandsomestonemonuments.Someofthestoneswerecoveredwithastrangekindofwriting.Carvingsonotherstonesshowedthatatleastsomeofthepeoplewholivedinthearealongbeforewerehighlyadvanced.

QuestionsRaised

Inthenext150years,morecitieswerediscovered.Theyseemedtobepartofagreatcivilizationstretchingacross500miles(about800kilometers)offorest.In1881,anEnglishmannamedAlfredMaudslayledthefirstbigscientificexpeditiontostudytheruinsintheforest.Maudslaywasanarcheologist,ascientistwhostudiedtheremainsofancientcommunitiesforcluestohowthepeoplelived.Otherexpeditionsfollowed,butatfirsttheyfoundmorequestionsthananswers:Whobuiltthecities,andwhenthecitieswerebuilt?Howhadthepeoplelivedherein'themiddleofarainforest?Mostpuzzlingofall,whathappenedtothem?

PossibleAnswers

Gradually,someoftheanswershavebeenpiecedtogether.Today,livinginpartsofMexicoandGuatemala,therearebrownskinnedIndianpeoplecalledtheMayas.ScientistsbelievethattheancestorsoftheseIndiansbuiltthecitiesandcarvedthestonemonuments.

DatescarvedonsomemonumentsshowthattheywereputupbetweenA.D.300and800,butbits

ofburiedpotterytellusthattheMayashadlivedinsomeoftheircitiesforhundredsofyearsearlier.AttheheightofMayancivilization,theremusthavebeenovertwomillionpeoplelivinginandaroundhundredsofbeautifultownsandcities.

Archeologistsdigginginthesecitieshaveuncoveredroads,afewwaterreservoirs,andtemplesbuiltoneontopofanother.Handsomepicturesmadeofsculpturedplasterandpaintedinbrightcolorswerefoundonthewallsofbuildings.Paintedpotsandpiecesofcarefullycarvedjewelrywerediscoveredintombsunderthefloorsoftemples.ThesepicturesandobjectsshowedmuchabouttheMayas'life.Therewerescenesofpeopleworking,peopleatwar,noblesholdingcourt,priestsinfantasticcostumesandMayangods.

PossibleErrors

Foralongtime,archeologistsworkedonlyonuncoveringlargeMayanstructures,suchastemples,palaces,andballcourts.Littleeffortwasmadetofindtheremainsofsmallerbuildings,suchashouses.Theseemingabsenceofhousesledpeopletobelievethatthecitieswereonlythehomesofpriestsandrulers,wholivedinthepalaces.Theythoughttheordinarypeopleprobablylivedinthecountrysideandcametothecitiesonlyforreligiousceremonies.

NewEvidence

Inrecentyears,newevidencehasbeenuncoveredatanumberofMayancitiesbydifferentgroupsofarcheologists.TheUniversityofPennsylvaniainPhiladelphiahasjustfinishedatwelve-yearstudyofTikal,thebiggestoftheMayancities.Morethanonehundredsmallhousesvaried,too.Somehadmanyremainsoffinelydecoratedpottery.Othershadfewerandplainerpieces.Thehouseswereveryclosetogether,withlittlespacetoraisefood,exceptinsmallgardens.

ChangeofView

ThesenewfindingschangedourpictureofMayanlife.Dr.WilliamR.

A.YB.NC.NG

2.CopingwithClimateChange

Whatwehavelearnedsofarabouthowclimatechangesisaffectingourglobalenvironment.Studiesshowthatitadverselyaffectshumanandnaturalsystemsbyreducingbiodiversity,impairingbiologicalandchemicalcyclesandmakingitmoredifficulttorestoredegradedecosystems.

Climateisnottheonlyfactorinthedeteriorationofnaturalsystems.Wearemakingbigchangestothelandscape,alteringlanduseandlandcoverinmajorways.Thesechangescombinedpresentachallengetoenvironmentalmanagement.Adaptivemanagementisascientificapproachtomanagingtheadverseimpactsofclimateandlandscapechange.

NatureandImpactsofClimateChange

Everyweekitseemsthereisanarticleaboutglobalwarminginthenewsmedia.Itmaybedifficultforsometograspthebigpictureoftheissue,butingeneral,climatechangehasalreadyorisexpectedto

?increasetemperatures,particularlyintheinteriorofcontinents,towardthepolesandinwinter

?boostprecipitation(降水量)inwetterareasandsuppressprecipitationindrierareas

?increaserainanddecreasesnow

?lessenpeakspringrunoffandcausemoreevenyear-roundflowsofwater,therebyreducingwateravailabilityduringsummerirrigationandnavigationseasons

?increaseevaporationofwaterduringthesummer

?enhancethelikelihoodoflowermeanlakelevels,drierwetlands,andwatershortages,particularlyinmountainregions

?raisethefrequencyandmagnitudeofextremeweatherevents,suchashurricanes,tornadoes,andfloods

?raiseglobalsealevels,causingsomepopulatedcoastalareastobecomeinundated(被淹沒的)

?reducetheextentanddurationofArcticseaicewithadverseconsequencesformarinemammals

?increasethelossofglaciersinmiddleandequatoriallatitudes,includingpremiermountainecosystemssuchasGlacierNationalParkinMontana

Globalaveragetemperaturehasincreasedbyabout0.6℃overthepast100years,withamajorwarmingupswinginthe1970s.Warmingistheresult,inpart,ofrapidincreasesinemissionsofgreenhousegases(GHG),particularlycarbondioxide(CO2),whichisabyproductofthecombustionoffossilfuels,suchascoal,oil,andnaturalgas,usedforpowergenerationandtransportation.

Whenglobaltemperaturesriseandprecipitationpatternschange,itisexpectedtherewillbeconsequencesonecosystems,suchasanincreaseinthespreadofexoticspecies;redistributionofplants,animals,energy,water,andnutrients;alterationofnaturalprocessesandthestructureandfunctionofecosystems.

Northerlylatitudesareparticularlyvulnerabletoclimatechange.TheArcticCouncil,anintergovernmentalforumforArcticnationsandindigenouspeople,reportedthatthenorthernicecapiswarmingattwicetheglobalrateandtheArcticregionisexpectedtowarmattwotothreetimestheratefortherestoftheworld.Arcticwarmingwillhaveseriousconsequencesonhumanandecology.

NatureandImpactsofLandscapeChange

Landscapechangeresultsfromnaturaldisturbancesandhumanactivities.Naturaldisturbancesincludefire,windstorms,avalanches,landslides,treefall,floods,andinsectepidemics.Humanactivitiescausinglandscapechangeincludeconversionofforestlandtoagriculture,drainageofwetlands,andforestfragmentationfromroadconstructionandtimberharvesting.

Humanactivitiesoftenhaveamoresignificanteffectonlandscapesthannaturaldisturbancesbecausetheyaltertheavailabilityofenergy,water,andnutrientstoecosystems;increasethespreadofexoticspecies;acceleratenaturalprocessesofecosystemchange;andadverselyaffectthestructureandfunctioningofecosystems.

A.YB.NC.NG

3.

Adswithcoloredphotospostedwillusuallygetmoreresponsesthanthosewithblackandwhitephotos.

A.YB.NC.NG

4.

Ourperceptionofriskliveslargelyinourfeelings,somostofthetimeweareoperatingonanautomaticsystemforanalyzingrisks.

A.YB.NC.NG

5.

Theexactprocedures,bywhichonecantellwhetherenoughpainthasbeenapplied,arerevealedinthistext.

A.YB.NC.NG

6.

Accordingtotheauthor,theeasiestwaytorememberyourdreamsisto______.

A.putanotebookandpennexttoyourbed

B.trytorecallthedreams

C.re-enterthepreviousdreams

D.keepadreamjournal

7.

Notpreventingaproductfrombeingcopiedmakesatrademarkdifferfroma______.

8.

Whenunemployed,somecareeriststaketheopportunityto______familymattersinadditiontopursuingtrainingorvolunteering.

9.

Moderncivilizationsareasdependentontreesas______.

10.

Nomatterhowadvancedthetechnologyofmeasuringtimewillbeweshouldneverlosetheabilitytotellthetimeapproximatelyby______.

11.

Itis______thatplaystheleadingroleintheethnicintermixingoftheU.S.

12.

Thepurposeofthisadvertisementis______.

13.

WhenGMtomatoesfirstenteredBritishsupermarket,itcausedasensationtothewholeimmediately.

A.YB.NC.NG

14.

Aftertakingoverthecompany,Woodruff______aconcertedoverseasadvertisingandmarketingcampaign.

15.

Theauthorholdstheopinionthatclimatechangeshavestartedwiththedawnofagriculture.

A.YB.NC.NG

16.

WritersofMarkTwain'stimedoesnetseehimashighlyasthelaterwritersdo.

A.YB.NC.NG

17.FactorsThreateningtheEnvironment

Theproblemsfacingtheenvironmentarevastanddiverse.Globalwarming,thedepletionoftheozonelayerintheatmosphere,anddestructionoftheworld'srainforestsarejustsomeoftheProblemsthatmanyscientistsbelievewillreachcriticalproportionsinthecomingdecades.Alloftheseproblemswillbedirectlyaffectedbythesizeofthehumanpopulation.

A.PopulationGrowth

Humanpopulationgrowthisattherootofvirtuallyalloftheworld'senvironmentalproblems.Althoughthegrowthrateoftheworld'spopulationhasslowedslightlysincethe1990s,theworld'spopulationincreasesbyabout77millionhumanbeingseachyear.Asthenumberofpeopleincreases,crowdinggeneratespollution,destroysmorehabitats,andusesupadditionalnaturalresources.

ThePopulationDivisionoftheUnitedNations(UN)predictsthattheworld'spopulationwillincreasefrom6.23billionpeoplein2000to9.3billionpeoplein2050.TheUNestimatesthatthepopulationwillstabilizeatmorethan11billionin2200.Otherexpertspredictthatnumberswillcontinuetoriseintotheforeseeablefuture,toasmanyas19billionpeoplebytheyear2200.

Althoughratesofpopulationincreasearenowmuchslowerinthedevelopedworldthaninthedevelopingworld,itwouldbeamistaketoassumethatpopulationgrowthisprimarilyaproblemofdevelopingcountries.Infact,becauselargeramountsofresourcesperpersonareusedindevelopednations,eachindividualfromthedevelopedworldhasamuchgreaterenvironmentalimpactthandoesapersonfromadevelopingcountry.Conservationstrategiesthatwouldnotsignificantlyalterlifestylesbutthatwouldgreatlylessenenvironmentalimpactareessentialinthedevelopedworld.

Inthedevelopingworld,meanwhile,themostimportantfactorsnecessarytolowerpopulationgrowthratesaredemocracyandsocialjustice.Studiesshowthatpopulationgrowthrateshavefallenindevelopingareaswhereseveralsocialconditionsexist.Intheseareas,literacyrateshaveincreasedandwomenreceiveeconomicstatusequaltothatofmen,enablingwomentoholdjobsandownproperty.Inaddition,birthcontrolinformationintheseareasismorewidelyavailable,andwomenarefreetomaketheirownreproductivedecisions.

B.GlobalWarming

Liketheglasspanesinagreenhouse,certaingasesintheEarth'satmospherepermittheSun'sradiationtoheatEarth.Atthesametime,thesegasesretardtheescapeintospaceoftheinfraredenergyradiatedbackoutbyEarth.Thisprocessisreferredtoasthegreenhouseeffect.Thesegases,primarilycarbondioxide,methane,nitrousoxide,andwatervapor,insulateEarth'ssurface,helpingtomaintainwarmtemperatures.Withoutthesegases,Earthwouldbeafrozenplanetwithanaveragetemperatureofabout18℃insteadofacomfortable15℃.Iftheconcentrationofthesegasesrises,theytrapmoreheatwithintheatmosphere,causingworldwidetemperaturestorise.

Withinthelastcentury,theamountofcarbondioxideintheatmospherehasincreaseddramatically,largelybecausepeoplebumvastamountsoffossilfuels--coalandpetroleumanditsderivatives.Averageglobaltemperaturealsohasincreased--byabout0.6Celsiusdegreewithinthepastcentury.Atmosphericscientistshavefoundthatatleasthalfofthattemperatureincreasecanbeattributedtohumanactivity.Theypredictthatunlessdramaticactionistaken,globaltemperaturewillcontinuetoriseby1.4to5.8Celsiusdegreesoverthenextcentury.Althoughsuchanincreasemaynotseemlikeagreatdifference,duringthelasticeagetheglobaltemperaturewasonly2.2Celsiusdegreescoolerthanitispresently.

Theconsequencesofsuchamodestincreaseintemperaturemaybedevastating(破壞性的).Alreadyscientistshavedetect

A.YB.NC.NG

18.

TheGreenhouseEffectisgenerallybelievedtocomefromthe______intheatmosphere.

19.

Marketsdonotnecessarilytotallyonthepriceofdemandedgoods.

A.YB.NC.NG

20.

"Beingthefifthatbridge"showsustheauthorwasthefifthwhoplayedcards.

A.YB.NC.NG

二、3.ListeningComprehension(20題)21.

【B7】

22.【B9】

23.

【B6】

24.(31)

A.Theshockabusinessmanfeelswhenthereisnoroomforbargaining.

B.TheshockPeaceCorpvolunteerssufferedfrominBorneo.

C.Theshockatravelerfeelsinastrangeenvironment.

D.TheshockMarcoPolofeltinChina.

25.SectionB

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear3shortpassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.

聽力原文：Recentlycompletedresearchrevealswarmeroceanscausedbyglobalwarmingismakingitmoredifficultforfishtobreatheandsurvive.

Biologistshaveknownforyearsdecliningfishstocksarcconnectedtoglobalwarming,butanewstudyofeelpouts—big-headedfishthatresembleeels—isthefirsttogodeeperandseehowwarmerseasareconnectedtohowfishestakeinoxygen.

ScientistsstudiedtherelationshipbetweenseatemperatureandeelpoutscountsintheSouthernNorthSea,combiningdatafromthefieldwithlabinvestigationsofeelpoutphysiology.

TheresearchersnotonlyfoundtheoxygenlevelsinthewatersoftheNorthandBalticSeashavedroppedbecauseofincreasingtemperaturesoverthepast50years--afactorthatreducesfishpopulation—theyalsodiscoveredeelpoutsneedmoreoxygeninwarmerwaters,asecondfactorthatisreducingtheirnumbers.

Akeyfactorinthediminishingsizeoffishstockisincreaseddifficultyinabsorbingoxygenviarespirationandbloodcirculationcausedbythewarmingwaters.

Animalstoleratealimitedrangeofenvironmentalconditions.Anythingoutoftheirtolerancecancausedamage.FishintheNorthSeahaveevolvedtotolerateawiderrangeoftemperaturesthanfishelsewherebecauseofthelargeseasonalfluctuationsthere.

Worldwide,warmingwaterscanbeexpectedtostrainspeciesthatrequirelotsofoxygen,forcingthemtoeitherrelocatetocoolerwatersorfaceextinction.

(27)

A.Somespecieshavebeenextinctsinceglobalwarming.

B.Biologistshaveknownforyearsdecliningfishstocksareconnectedtoglobalwarming.

C.Globalwarminghascausedtheseawaterwarmer.

D.Itismoredifficultforfishtobreatheandsurviveinwarmeroceanscausedbyglobalwarming.

26.

【B2】

27.聽力原文：W：Somebodyjusttookmybag!Mymoney，mycreditcards--everything'sgone!

M：Allright．Justcalmdownaminute．．．OK，whatdidthepersonlooklike?

Q：Whatisprobablytheman?

(18)

A.Abusinessman.B.Apoliceman.C.Athief.D.Awaiter.

28.聽力原文：M:Ihavetoomanycoursesthissemester,I’mgoingtodroponeofthem.

W:Inordertodothat.you'llhavetogothroughtheproperchannels.

Q:Whatadvicedoesthewomangivetheman?

(18)

A.Goforaswim.

B.Makebetteruseoftime.

C.Followtheofficialprocedure.

D.Watchtelevision.

29.聽力原文：M:Ican'tbelieveIcan'tgetaplaneticketforthesummerholiday.Imean,it'sonlyMarch.

F:Well,youknowIwouldn'tworryaboutittoomuch.Peoplecanceltheirreservationsallthetime.

Q:Whatdoesthewomanimplythemanshoulddo?

(13)

A.Trythetrainticketinstead.

B.Bookanairticketinadvance.

C.Waitforotherstocanceltheirbooking.

D.Buyaticketatahigherprice.

30.(22)

A.Theycanmeetformallyatfirst.

B.Theycandatealongwithhimandhisgirlfriend.

C.Theycangotoseeaplaytogether.

D.Theycanmakeaphonecallfirst.

31.聽力原文：W:Hi,Kevin.YourroommatetoldmethatIcouldfindyouattheTV.Whatareyoudoinghere?

M:WhatdoesitlooklikeIamdoing?

W:Well,itlookslikeyouarewatchingtelevision.(23)Butwehaveamathmid-termtomorrow,soIthoughtyou'dbestudyingforitandmaybeIcanstudywithyou.

M:(24)Oh,well,Iwasjusttakingabreak.ThismathstuffgivesmeaheadacheifIworkonittoolong.YouknowIdon'treallylikeit.

W:Iknowwhatyoumean.I'vebeenworkingonitforthreehoursthroughitalready.I'mbeginningtogetacross.Iwastryingtofigureoutmineofthesampleproblems.Ijustdon'tgetsomeofthem.

M:ButIcan'tbelieveyouarecomingtome.ImeanyoudoknowwhatIgotonthelasttest,don'tyou?

W:Yeah,Iknow.Youtoldme.Ijustthoughttwoheadsmightbebetterthanone.

M:Yeah,that'saniceidea.But...youknow,IwishIknewthatpersoninourclasswhogotahundredonthelasttest.Shedidn'tmissaquestion.Umm...wasitElizabeth?

W:Ohyeah,Elizabeth!Sheisafriendofmine.She'dbeabighelprightnow.Whydon'tIgiveheracall?

M:(25)What!Atthishour?It'salreadytenthirty.Idon'twanttoimposeonher.

W:Yeah,Iguessyouareright.Butyouknowwhat;sheowesmeabigfavor.Let'satleastgiveheracallandseewhatshesays.Maybegoingoversomeoftheproblemswithuswouldhelpherreviewthematerial.

M:It'sworthatry.

(20)

A.Aclasspresentationthey'repreparing.

B.Atelevisionprogramthemaniswatching.

C.Visitingaclosefriendoftheirs.

D.Studyingforatest.

32.

【B3】

33.聽力原文：OK,soinourlastclasswewerediscussingbigbandsswingmusic.Yourememberthiswasakindofdancemusicwithasteadyrhythm.(26)Buttodaywedealwithmusicplayedbysmallerjazzbands.It'scalledbebopand(27)itmayuseallsortsofnewtypesofrhythms,someofwhichareveryirregular.We'lltalkmoreaboutthatlater.(26)ButfirstIwanttotalkaboutsomeofthesocialelementsthatIbelievecontributedtothedevelopmentofbebopmusic.Todothis,wehavetolookatwhenbeboparoseandstartedbecomingsopopular,whichwasfromthelate1930sthroughthe1940s,fromthetimeoftheenvironmentforbebopmusicwasthedeclineoftheUSeconomy.Duringthegreatdepression,theeconomysufferedtremendously.Andfewerpeoplehadmoneytospendonentertainment.ThenduringWorldWarIIthegovernmentimposedanewtaxonpublicentertainment,whatyoumightcallperformancetax.(28)Thegovernmentcollectedmoneyonperformancesthatincludedanytypesofacting,dancingorsinging,butnotinstrumentalmusic.Sotoavoidthisnewtax,somejazzbandsstoppedusingsingersaltogether.(29)Theystartedrelyingonthecreativityoftheinstrumentalisttoattractaudiences.(28)Thiswaswhatbebopbandsdid.Nowrememberalotofbandshavesingers.Sotheinstrumentalistssimplyplayedinthebackgroundandhadoccasionalsoloswhilethesingersangthemelodytosongs,butnotbebopbands.(27)Sotheinstrumentalistshadmuchmorefreedomtobecreative.Sotheyexperimented,playingthemusicfasterandusingnewirregularsortsofrhythms.

(33)

A.Characteristicsofbigbandsswingmusic.

B.Thedevelopmentofbebop.

C.TherelationshipbetweenAmericanmusicandeconomy.

D.Thedifferencesbetweenbebopmusicandswingmusic.

34.【B8】

35.

【B10】

36.(36)

A.Prestigeschoolsmaynotbebetter.

B.Thequalityisaboutthesameiseveryschool.

C.Prestigeschoolsarealwaysthebest.

D.Inagoodschoolthestudentsalwayslearnmore.

37.(45)

38.SectionB

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear3shortpassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.

聽力原文：Anoldfriendfromabroad,whomIwasexpectingtostaywithme,telephonedfromtheairporttotellmethathehadarrived.Iwasstillattheofficeatthetime,butIhadmadearrangementsforhisarrival.Afterexplainingwheremynewflatwas,ItoldhimthatIhadleftthekeyunderthedoormat.AsIwaslikelytobehomeratherlate,Iadvisedhimtogointothekitchenandhelphimselftofoodanddrink.

Twohourslatermyfriendtelephonedmefromtheflat.Atthemoment,hesaid,hewaslisteningtosomeofmyrecordsafterhavingjusthadatrulywonderfulmeal.Hehadfoundapanonthegas

stoveandfriedtwoeggsandhehadhelpedhimselftosomecoldchicken—fromtherefrigerator.Now,hesaid,hewasdrinkingaglassoforangejuiceandhehopedIwouldjoinhim.WhenIaskedhimifhehadreachedtheflatwithoutdifficulty,heansweredthathehadnotbeenabletofindthekeyunderthedoormat,butfortunatelytheliving-roomwindowjustbytheappletreehadbeenleftopenandhehadclimbedin.Ilistenedtoallthisinastonishment.Thereisnoappletreeinfrontofmylivingroom,butthereisoneinfrontofmyneighbour's.

(27)

A.Throughtheliving-roomwindow.

B.Throughthekitchenwindow.

C.Thedoorwasunclosed.

D.Theneighbourgavehimthekey.

39.

【B11】

40.聽力原文：Whenyouseeacleveradvertisementinanewspaper,doyousaytoyourself,"Ah,that'sgood.I'dliketohaveoneofthose"?Ordoyousay,"Whatliesaretheytellingthistime?Itcan'tbeverygoodortheywouldn'thavetoadvertiseitsocleverly"?Bothofthesepeopleexist;thefirstareoptimists;thesecond,pessimistsandrealists.

Advertisementscanbeextremelyusefuliftheyarehonest;if,letussay,youhavebrokenyourpenandyouwanttobuyanother,thefirstthingtodoistolookatasmanyadvertisementsforpensasyoucanfind.Thatwillhelpyoutochoosethemodel,colorandpricethatsuityou.Advertisementssavealotoftimeandtroublebyputtingsellersintouchwithbuyersinaquickandsimpleway.Iftheadvertisementsaretrueandaccurate,thecustomerswillbesatisfiedandwillprobablybuyfromthesamefirmnexttimeandadvisetheirfriendsandacquaintancestodothesame.

Thereallydishonestadvertiserhopestosellhisgoodsquicklyandtomakealargeprofitonthembeforethecustomer'sreactionsbegin.Heknowsthatnocustomerswillbuyfromhimasecondtime,andthatnonewillrecommendhisproductstotheirfriends.Buttherearealsosemi-dishonestadvertisers.Theymakeclaimsfortheirproductswhichtheyknowperfectlywelltobeincapableofverification,likeadvertisingthatacertaintoothpastecontainsaparticularsubstance—whichitinfactdoes—knowingthatthissubstanceisinfactneitherbeneficialnorharmfultotheteeth.Suchadvertisementsdonottelldownrightlies,buttheiradvertisingisdeliberatelymisleading.

(30)

A.Trustalladvertisementsandmakepurchasesaccordingly.

B.Getsuitablecolorsandpricesfromadvertisements.

C.Doubtthetruthfulnessofadvertisements.

D.Admirethecleverwaysadvertisementsaremade.

三、4.ReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(20題)41.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,thereisashortpassagewith5questionsorincompletestatements.Readthepassagecarefully.Thenanswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinthefewestpossiblewords.

Formorethan10yearstherehasbeenabiggerriseincarcrimethaninmostothertypesofcrime.Anaverageofmorethantwocarsaminutearebrokeninto,vandalized(破壞)orstolenintheUK.Carcrimeaccountsforalmostathirdofallreportedoffenceswithnosignsthatthetrendisslowingdown.

Althoughtherearehighlyprofessionalcriminalsinvolvedincartheft,almost90percentofcarcrimeiscommittedbytheopportunist.Amateurthievesareaidedbyourcarelessness.WhentheAutomobileAssociation(AA)engineerssurveyedonetowncentrecarparklastyear,10percentofcarscheckedwereunlocked,afigurebackedupbyaHomeOfficenationalsurveythatfound12percentofdriverssometimeslefttheircarsunlocked.

Thevehiclesaresittinginpetrolstationswhiledriverspayfortheirfuel.TheAAhasdiscoveredthatcarsareleftunattendedforanaverageofthreeminutesandsometimesmuchlongerasdriversbuydrinks,cigarettesandotherconsumeritemsandthenpayatthecounter.Withpaymentbycreditcardmoreandmorecommon,itisnotunusualforadrivertobeoutofhiscaraslongassixminutesprovidingthecarthiefwithagoldenopportunity.

InanexclusiveAAsurvey,carriedoutatabusygarageonamainroadoutofLondon,300motoristswerequestionedoverthreedaysoftheholidayperiod.24percentadmittedthatthey"always"or"sometimes"leavethekeysinthecar.Thismeansthatnationwide,amillioncarsdailybecomeeasytargetsfortheopportunistthief.

TheAArecommendslockingupwheneveryouleavethecar—andforhowevershortaperiod.Apartiallyopensunrooforwindowisafurthercome—ontothieves.

Leavingvaluablesinviewisaninvitationtothecriminal.AManchesterprobationary(假釋期)serviceresearchproject,whichinterviewedalmost100carthieveslastyear,foundmanywouldinvestigateacoatthrownonaseat.Neverleaveanydocumentsshowingyourhomeaddressinthecar.Ifyouhaveagarage,useitandlockit—agaragedcarisatsubstantiallylessrisk.

Therearemanyothertrapstoavoid.TheHomeOfficehasfoundlittleawarenessamongdriversaboutsafeparking.Mostmotoristsquestionedmadenoeffortstoavoidparkinginquietspotsawayfromstreetlightsjusttheplacesthieveslove.TheAAadvicesdriverstoparkinplaceswithpeoplearound—thievesdonotlikeaudiences.

Accordingtoparagraph1,therateofcarcrimeis______thanothertypesofcrimes.

42.SectionB

Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.Foreachofthemt