1.作表語2.作定語現(xiàn)在分詞3.作賓補(bǔ)4.作狀語doing作狀語三.V-ing作表語WearelearningEnglish.Thestoryisinteresting.MyjobisteachingEnglish.動(dòng)名詞作表語現(xiàn)在分詞作表語動(dòng)詞進(jìn)行時(shí)=TeachingEnglishismyjob.動(dòng)名詞作表語用來說明主語的內(nèi)容，與主語是同一個(gè)概念，表語和主語的位置可互換。doing作狀語Hishobbyispainting.Thenewsisinspiring.區(qū)別動(dòng)名詞與現(xiàn)在分詞：

動(dòng)名詞作表語用來說明主語的具體內(nèi)容?，F(xiàn)在分詞作表語是用來表示主語所具有的特征，有的已變成了形容詞，主語和表語的位置不能互換。doing作狀語翻譯下列句子：我們的工作就是演奏各種音樂。Ourjobis_________________________.2.他們演奏的音樂史如此的令人興奮。Themusictheyareplayingis__________.playingallkindsofmusicsoexcitingdoing作狀語四V-ing作定語——現(xiàn)在分詞現(xiàn)在分詞作定語，被修飾的詞與V-ing之間有一種邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語從句。當(dāng)現(xiàn)在分詞單獨(dú)作定語時(shí)，放在所修飾的名詞前；如果是現(xiàn)在分詞短語作定語，則放在所修飾的名詞后。Thegirlcryingintheclassroomismydeskmate.Thecryinggirlismydeskmate.doing作狀語Thetower___________thewarringstatesiswellworthvisiting.datedfromB.datedbackfromC.datingfromD.todatefromTheflowers__________sweetinthebotanicgardenattractthevisitorstothebeautyofnature.tosmellB.smellingC.smeltD.tobesmeltdoing作狀語(1)awalkingman(2)awalkingstick

=amanwhoiswalking

=

astickforwalkingWhat’sthedifferencebetween(1)and(2)?doing作狀語V-ing作定語時(shí)，現(xiàn)在分詞與動(dòng)名詞區(qū)別：awaitingroomawaitingman=aroomforwaiting=amanwhoiswaiting現(xiàn)在分詞作定語時(shí)，它和被修飾的詞之間有有種邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語從句而動(dòng)名詞作定語時(shí)，與被修飾的詞之間沒有這種關(guān)系，它僅僅表示一種用途，“作…用”相當(dāng)于一個(gè)for引導(dǎo)的介詞短語doing作狀語Translatethefollowingphrases.areadingroomawashingmachineanexcitingeveninganinterestingcrosstalk閱覽室洗衣機(jī)激動(dòng)人心的夜晚有趣的相聲doing作狀語1.What______________bearstheyare!(charm)2.Whata/an____________________ideatheadhas.3.Thebears_________________arecontentwiththeirlife.4.Thebears__________________makecocacolamorepopular.

DescribethebearswithV-ingusedasattributecharmingenjoyingcocacoladrinkingcocacolaskiingontheicesurprising/inspiringdoing作狀語五V-ing形式作賓語補(bǔ)足語V-ing形式作賓補(bǔ)時(shí)，它與賓語構(gòu)成邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，即賓語是其邏輯上的主語。S+V+O+CIheardthegirlsingingintheclassroom.Wehavethefireburningallday.Inoticedalongqueueoutsidethebankwaitingforittoopen.Thebabywatchedhisdadshavinghisfacewithgreatinterest.動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓語補(bǔ)足語常放在賓語后面，表示一個(gè)正在進(jìn)行的主動(dòng)性的動(dòng)作，強(qiáng)調(diào)一個(gè)過程或一種狀態(tài)。doing作狀語1.能跟-ing形式作賓語補(bǔ)足語的常見動(dòng)詞有：“五讓、三看、兩聽、一注意、一發(fā)現(xiàn)、一感覺”。簡(jiǎn)單又好記！make,let,have,keep,leave,lookat,see,watch,hear,listento,notice,find,feel等。怎么記？doing作狀語Helookedaroundandcaughtaman_________hishandintothepocketofapassenger.putB.tobeputtingC.toputD.puttingdoing作狀語1.Isawthem______(force)thedooropenwithahammer.2.Weheardthem_________(quarrel)aboutmoneyaftertheconcert;theylookedveryangry.3.Iheardhim________(drop)lotsofcoinsintothecollectingtin.

forcingquarrelingdroppingPractice:doing作狀語2.有些動(dòng)詞詞組，如：regard,describe,accept,thinkof,lookon等之后可由as引出V-ing形式作賓補(bǔ)。Theydescribethecartoonasbeingattractive.doing作狀語Keys:1.Hesacrificedhislifetodefendthehonor/dignityofhisnation.2.Elizabethdidn'ttrusthim,soshelefthimafalsenameandaddress.3.Withoutacupofcoffeeinthemorning,Jennycan'tfunction(well/normally).4.DuringWorldWarII,herosegraduallyfromtherankofcaptaintogeneral.5.Don'tforgettobringyourcassetterecordertommorrow.6.Theremustbesomemisunderstanding.Ihavenoideawhatyou'retalkingabout....indefenceof...=doing作狀語分詞作狀語,表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生的條件、原因、結(jié)果、讓步、時(shí)間、方式或伴隨等，通常相當(dāng)于一個(gè)狀語從句或并列分句。一般說來，這種結(jié)構(gòu)的邏輯主語就是句子的主語。分詞作狀語作狀語時(shí)，選擇現(xiàn)在分詞還是過去分詞，關(guān)鍵看主句的主語。如主語和分詞是主謂關(guān)系，就選用現(xiàn)在分詞，如分詞和主語是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，就用過去分詞。doing作狀語現(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語表示自然的結(jié)果。充當(dāng)結(jié)果狀語的現(xiàn)在分詞的邏輯主語有時(shí)并不是句子的主語，而是句子的內(nèi)容或部分內(nèi)容。Thechildslippedandfell,hittinghisheadagainstthedoor.Alotofgoodlandhasgonewiththem,leavingonlysand.doing作狀語Ifyouuseyourhead,you’llfindagoodway.Usingyourhead,you’llfindagoodway.IfIaminvited,

I’llgotoyourparty.Invited,

I’llgotoyourparty.條件狀語作條件狀語一般放在句首作條件狀語一般放在句首doing作狀語原因狀語作原因狀語一般放在句首作原因狀語一般放在句首Becausehewaspoor,hecouldn’taffordaTVset.Beingpoor,hecouldn’taffordaTVset.Becausehewassatisfiedwithhisjob,

hehadabigsmileonhisface.Satisfiedwithhisjob,

hehadabigsmileonhisface.doing作狀語讓步狀語作讓步狀語一般放在句首作讓步狀語一般放在句首Thoughhestudiedhard,hedidn’tpasstheexam.Studyinghard,hedidn’tpasstheexam.Thoughhewasborninapoorfamily,hewasoptimistic.Borninapoorfamily,hewasoptimistic.doing作狀語時(shí)間狀語作時(shí)間狀語一般放在句首作時(shí)間狀語一般放在句首WhileIwaswalkinginthestreet,Isawatailor’sshop.Walkinginthestreet,

Isawatailor’sshop.Whenshewassurroundedbyamaddog,shewasveryfrightenedandscreamed.Surroundedbyamaddog,shewasveryfrightenedandscreamed.doing作狀語Fourpeopleenteredtheroomand

lookedcurious.Fourpeopleenteredtheroom,

looking…Theteachercameintotheclassroomandwasfollowedbysomestudents.Theteachercameintotheclassroom,followedbysomestudents.伴隨狀語作伴隨狀語多放于句末doing作狀語Hecamerunningbacktotellmethenews.Hisfatherdied,andthisleftthefamilyevenworseoff.Hisfatherdied,leavingthefamilyevenworseoff.方式狀語或結(jié)果狀語作方式狀語或結(jié)果多放于句末doing作狀語在使用的過程中，我發(fā)現(xiàn)這本書很有用。_______thebook,Ifindituseful.由于用了很長時(shí)間，這本書看上去很舊。_______foralongtime,thebooklooksold.UsedUsingdoing作狀語從上面看,體育場(chǎng)好像一個(gè)鳥巢。____fromthetop,thestadiumlookslikeabirdnest.A.SeeingB.Seen從太空看,宇航員看不到長城。____fromthespace,theastronautcannotdiscovertheGreatWall.A.SeeingB.Seendoing作狀語分詞作狀語時(shí)的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)：1）分詞的時(shí)態(tài)：2）分詞的語態(tài)一般式:doingdone完成式:havingdonehavingbeendone1）一般式表示與謂語動(dòng)詞同時(shí)發(fā)生。

1.Hearingthenews,hejumpedwithjoy.2.

Surroundedbythestudents,theteacherwasansweringquestionsonebyone.doing作狀語2）完成時(shí)表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語動(dòng)詞之前。1.Afterhehadfinishedhishomework,hewentout.=Havingfinishedhishomework,hewentout.2.Becauseshehadnotgotareply,shedecidedtowritetohimagain.=Nothavinggotareply,shedecidedtowritetohimagain.doing作狀語一、有些慣用的v-ing形式不表示句子主語的動(dòng)作，而是表示說話人的態(tài)度、觀點(diǎn)等。可當(dāng)作一個(gè)插入語generallyspeaking一般說來strictlyspeaking嚴(yán)格說來frankly

speaking…坦白地說judgingfrom/by…根據(jù)……來判斷considering…考慮到……supposing假如，如果幾點(diǎn)注意doing作狀語1.Generallyspeaking,boysaremoreinterestedinsciencethangirls.一般說，男孩比女孩對(duì)科學(xué)更感興趣。2.Judgingfrom/byhisaccent,hemustcomefromCanada.從他的口音看，他一定來自加拿大。3.Considering/givenhisage,hediditquitewell.考慮到他的年齡，他做得很好了。4.Suppose/Supposingitrains，whatwillyoudo？假使下雨，你會(huì)怎么辦呢？doing作狀語二、分詞作狀語時(shí)，可以根據(jù)需要在其前加上when,while,before,after,until,once,though,although,unless,asif,evenif,aslongas等1.

Once

losingthischance,youcan’teasilyfindit.2.If

allowedtoreadinthereadingroom,

youshouldkeepquiet.3.When

leavingthestation,hewavedagainandagaintome.LosingAllowedLeavingdoing作狀語三、當(dāng)表示分詞的動(dòng)作一發(fā)生，主句的動(dòng)作隨之也發(fā)生時(shí)，可以使用“on＋動(dòng)名詞”的結(jié)構(gòu)，翻譯成“一……就……”。Hearingthenews,theycouldn’thelpjumping.=Onhearingthenews,theycouldn’thelpjumping.___________thecase,Isawthebirdflyoutofit.一打開這個(gè)盒子，我看到有只鳥飛出來。Onopeningdoing作狀語句型轉(zhuǎn)換：Whenheheardthenews,hejumpedwithjoy._________thenews,hejumpedwithjoy.2.Asshewasill,shewenthome.________ill,shewenthome.3.Thegirlcameinandshesmiled.Thegirlcamein___________.Shesatatthedeskandreadanewspaper.Shesatatthedesk_________anewspaper.HearingBeingsmilingreading表伴隨狀況時(shí)間狀語原因狀語方式狀語doing作狀語

Grammarwork語法專練用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.Not________(know)hisaddress,Icouldn’tgotoseehimyesterday.2.Lookout(小心）forcarswhen___________(cross)thestreet.3.Not_________________(invite)totheparty,Marywasgreatlyhurt.knowingcrossinghavingbeeninviteddoing作狀語4.Hedivedintothewater,_______(leave)onlyhisfaceexposed(暴露）.5.WhenIgotbackhomeIsawamessagepinned(別在）tothedoor,________(read寫著)“Sorrytomissyou;Iwillcalllater.”6._______(take)adeepbreath,theydivedintothewater.7._______________(close)thewindowsandthedoor,thestudentslefttheroom.leavingreadingTakingHavingcloseddoing作狀語Grammarquiz1.When_____differentcultures,

weoftenpayattentiononlytothedifferenceswithoutnoticingmanysimilarities.A.compared

B.beingcompared

C.comparing

D.havingcompareddoing作狀語2.Wheneverhewasaskedwhyhewaslateforclass,hewouldanswercarelessly,always______thesamething.A.sayingB.said

C.tosayD.havingsaiddoing作狀語3.________thepiano,someonesuddenlyknockedatthedoor.A.Playing

B.WhenIwasplayingC.Repairing

D.Examiningdoing作狀語4.______theprogramme,theyhavetostaythereforanother2weeks.A.NotcompletingB.NotcompletedC.NothavingcompletedD.Havingnotcompleteddoing作狀語5.“Wecan’tgooutinthisweather”,saidBob,____outofthewindow.A.lookingB.tolook

C.lookedD.havinglooked6._______suchheavypollutionalready,itmaynowbetoolatetocleanuptheriver.A.HavingsufferedB.SufferingC.TosufferD.Suffereddoing作狀語7.______byasnake,shewasfrightenedatit.A.BeingbittenB.BittenC.Havingbeenbitten

D.biting8.Ashehadbrokenthewindow,thenaughtyboywassittingthere,_______.A.notdaringmadeanysoundB.notdaringtomakeasoundC.daringnotmakeanysoundD.daringnottomakeasounddoing作狀語1.Havingnotseenthefilm,Ican’ttellyouwhatIthinkofit.2.Themenworkedforextrahoursgotanextrapay.3.Seenfromthetopofthehill,wefindthecitymorebeautiful.

NothavingworkingSeeing單句改錯(cuò)doing作狀語4.“Can’tyouread?”themansaid,angrilypointedtothenoticeonthewall.5.Generallyspeak,facialexpressionsarehelpfulcommunications,too.6.Europeanfootballisplayedin80countries,madeitthemostpopularsportintheworld.pointingmakingspeakingdoing作狀語ThankYoudoing作狀語Revision1.他起床遲了，匆忙地趕去辦公室，沒有吃早飯。2.意識(shí)到浪費(fèi)了太多時(shí)間，這個(gè)男生決定停止玩電腦游戲。3.中國建了更多高速公路，使得人們從一個(gè)地方到另一個(gè)地方更加容易。4.Dina在努力地找服務(wù)生的工作找了幾個(gè)月后，最后在當(dāng)?shù)匾患覐V告公司找到了一個(gè)職位。5.南方下了大雨，導(dǎo)致了好幾個(gè)省發(fā)生了嚴(yán)重的洪水。6.這個(gè)律師專心的聽，努力地不錯(cuò)過任何重點(diǎn)。7.更多地用感性而非理性來做一個(gè)決定，你遲早會(huì)后悔的。8.這個(gè)退休老人把他大多數(shù)存款都捐給了玉樹地震中被毀的學(xué)校，使得學(xué)生能夠重返校園。doing作狀語一、用v-ing形式改寫以下句子或?qū)-ing改成定語/狀語從句。1.Theladywalkedaroundtheshopsandkeptaneyeoutforbargains.2.Lookingatmyclassmates'faces,Ireadthesameexcitementintheireyes.3.Thenewsshockedthepublicandledtogreatconcernaboutstudents’safetyatschool.4.Thetrafficrulesaysyoungchildrenwhoweighlessthan40poundsmustbeinachildsafetyseat.5.Sincehedidn’tkeepthepromise,Tonyhaslostthechancetogoabroad.1.Theladywalkedaroundtheshops,keepinganeyeoutforbargains.1.Walkingaroundtheshops,theladykeptaneyeoutforbargains.2.WhenIlookedatmyclassmates’faces,Ireadthesameexcitementintheireyes.3.Thenewsshockedthepublic,leadingtogreatconcernaboutstudents’safetyatschool.4.Thetrafficrulesaysyoungchildrenweighinglessthan40poundsmustbeinachildsafetyseat.5.Notkeepingthepromise,Tonyhaslostthechancetogoabroad.doing作狀語6.Thesongissungalloverthecountry,whichmakesitthemostpopularsong7.Havingnointerestinthetopic,hedidn‘tgotothelecture.8.Havingwaitedinthequeueforhalfanhour,Tomsuddenlyrealizedthathehadlefthiswalletatonce.9.Peoplewholiveinthecitydon’tknowthepleasureofcountrylife.6.Thesongissungalloverthecountry,makingitthemostpopularsong.7.Becausehehadnointerestinthetopic,hedidn’tgotothelecture.8.AfterTom

hadwaitedinthequeueforhalfanhour,hesuddenlyrealizedthathehadlefthiswalletatonce.8.Afterwaitinginthequeue

forhalfanhour,Tomsuddenlyrealizedthathehadlefthiswalletatonce.9.peoplelivinginthecitydon’tknowthepleasureofcountrylife.doing作狀語10.Thelargebuildingwhichisbeingbuiltacrossthestreetwillbeahospital.11.Theoldmanisonthewaybacktohismotherlandafterhehasworkedabroadfortwentyyears.12.Doyouknowtheyoungmanshakinghandswiththeheadmaster?13.Peoplewhouseamobilephonefinditveryconvenienttokeepintouchwiththeirfriendswhenevertheygo.10.Thelargebuildingbeingbuiltacrossthestreetwillbeahospital.11.Havingworkedabroadfortwentyyears,theoldmanisonthewaybacktohismotherland.11.Theoldman,havingworkedabroadfortwentyyears,isonthewaybacktohismotherland.12.Doyouknowtheyoungmanwhoisshakinghandswiththeheadmaster.13.Peopleusingamobilephonefinditveryconvenienttokeepintouchwiththeirfriendswherevertheygo.doing作狀語14.Ashehadbrokenthewindow,thenaughtyboywassittingthere,

notdaringtomakeasound14.Havingbrokenthewindow,thenaughtyboywassittingthere,

notdaringtomakeasound14.Havingbrokenthewindow,thenaughtyboywassittingthereanddidn'tdaretomakeanysound.doing作狀語_________________________

(襲擊汶川的地震)happenedonMay12th,2008,____________________________________.(使得成千上萬的人無家可歸)Thenumberofpeople_______________________(死于地震)reached69,197._______________

(站在廢墟中),thosewhosurvivedcouldn’thelp______(cry).

__________________________________(在受了這樣的苦難后),peopletherewerenotdefeatedandstruggledagainstthenature.TheearthquakehittingWenchuanmakingtensofthousandsofpeoplehomelessdyingfromtheearthquakeStandinginruinscrying

Havinggonethroughsomanysufferings

AterribleearthquakehitWenchuandoing作狀語Fortunately,_____________________(看到所發(fā)生的),therestofChinacaredmuchaboutthoseinneedandhelpedthemimmediately.____________(捐錢)wasamajorway.Besides,soldiersweresenttorescue________________(那些掙扎的人)whoweretrappedundertheruins.DoctorsalsowenttoWenchuantotreat

_____________________________

(地震中幸存下來的人).Thankstotheirhelp,thecitybegantobreatheagain.Now,___________________(重建中的汶川)hastakenonanewlook.seeingwhathadhappenedDonatingmoneythestrugglingpeoplethepeoplesurvivingtheearthquakeWenchuanbeingrebuiltdoing作狀語否定詞置于句首的倒裝以下否定詞位于句首，句子要用部分倒裝(一般疑問句的形式)：seldom;never;little;few;hardly;

barely;rarely;neither;nor;notuntil;

notonly,butalso;innoway;bynomeans;onnoaccount;

atnotime;undernocircumstances;nolonger等。doing作狀語Practicemakesperfect!1.直到我們?cè)缟辖?jīng)歷了霧霾（haze），我們才意識(shí)到環(huán)境污染有多嚴(yán)重。2.我們過去很少經(jīng)歷這樣的現(xiàn)象。（seldom）3.對(duì)于環(huán)境保護(hù)我們也關(guān)注的很少。（little）4.我們絕對(duì)不能以環(huán)境為代價(jià)發(fā)展經(jīng)濟(jì)。（bynomeans）5.我們不僅應(yīng)該培養(yǎng)環(huán)境意識(shí)，還應(yīng)該采取實(shí)際行動(dòng)。6.我們不應(yīng)該再用塑料袋。（nolonger）也不應(yīng)該再浪費(fèi)紙，水和電。（nor）7.飛機(jī)一著陸人們就朝著飛機(jī)跑去。（hardly...when）8.我從前從沒見過更美的地方。（never+比較級(jí)）doing作狀語Polishoursentences！1.我發(fā)現(xiàn)你今天上午上課時(shí)你一直悶悶不樂。2.課間活動(dòng)你也沒出教室，只是呆坐在座位上。3.我問你怎么了，你卻婉言謝絕了。4.開導(dǎo)勸慰。doing作狀語某英語報(bào)社擬成立“微笑俱樂部”，現(xiàn)征募會(huì)員。要求申請(qǐng)者提交篇題為“IwanttoSmile”的英語短文。請(qǐng)你以申請(qǐng)者的身份，根以下思路圖的提示用英語寫一篇短文。注意：根據(jù)思路圖適當(dāng)展開，以使行文連貫；詞數(shù)：120左右doing作狀語doing作狀語2009福建某英語報(bào)社擬成立“微笑俱樂部”，現(xiàn)征募會(huì)員。要求申請(qǐng)者提交一篇題為“IwanttoSmile”的英語短文。請(qǐng)你以申請(qǐng)者的身份，根據(jù)以下思路圖的提示用英語寫一篇短文。注意：根據(jù)思路圖適當(dāng)展開，以使行文連貫；詞數(shù)：120左右advantagesofsmilingsmileatparentsorfriendssmileatmyselfinaworddoing作狀語

Smile,asauniversallanguage,spreadshappinessthroughouttheworld.

Therearemanybenefitsofsmiling.Firstly,itbringshappiness,whichaccumulatestocontribute

tolongevity.Furthermore,smilingalotmeansbeingconfident,whichplaysanessentialpartinone’ssuccess.Inaddition,smilingshowsthatyouarec