Section_ⅣLearning_about_Language_&_Using_Language[原文呈現]THERETURNOFTHEDINOSAURS?Thepossibilityofcloningfierceandextinct①wildanimals②hasalwaysexcitedfilmmakers.Andtheyarenottheonlyones!Thepopularity③offilmssuchas④JurassicPark⑤，inwhichascientistclonesseveralkindsof⑥extinctdinosaurs,proveshowtheideastruck⑦amixtureoffearandexcitementintopeople'shearts⑧.Butinfactwearealongwayfrombeingabletocloneextinctanimals.Scientistsarestillexperimentingwith⑨cloningmammals.Thisisbecause⑩thecloningofmammalsisstillanewscienceanditsstoryonlybeganseriouslyinthe1950sasthislistshows?：1950scloningoffrogs1970sresearchusingtheembryosofmice?1979workonembryosofsheepandmice1981firstexperimentalclonesofmice1983firstexperimentalclonesofcows1996firstcloneofamammal:Dollythesheep?2000cowgavebirthtoabison?2001China'sfirstclonedtwincalves?2002firstclonedcats2005firstcloneddog...[讀文清障]①extinctadj.滅絕的；消亡的②介詞短語ofcloning...作定語，修飾Thepossibility。③popularity/?p?pj?'l?r?tI/n.受人喜愛；流行④suchas例如⑤Jurassic/d???'r?sIk/Park《侏羅紀公園》(美國電影名)⑥severalkindsof幾種⑦strike/straIk/vt.&vi.(struck,struck)打；撞擊；罷工n.罷工oone'sheart使……刻骨銘心⑧該句主干是Thepopularityoffilmsproveshow...其中inwhich引導非限制性定語從句，修飾JurassicPark。how引導賓語從句，作proves的賓語。⑨experimentwith用……做實驗⑩Thisisbecause...這是因為……，because后接表原因的句子，在此是表語從句。?asthislistshows是as引導的方式狀語從句。?現在分詞短語usingtheembryosofmice作定語，修飾research。?Dollythesheep多莉羊?bison/'baIsn/n.北美或歐洲野牛?calf/kɑ?f/n.小牛；牛犢恐龍的回歸？[第1段譯文]克隆兇猛和滅絕的野生動物的可能性一直使電影制片商感到興奮。然而他們并不是唯一對此感到興奮的人！在《侏羅紀公園》這部影片中，有一位科學家克隆了好幾種不同的絕種恐龍。類似這樣的電影很受歡迎，證明了這一想法使人們感到既興奮又恐懼。但事實上，要想克隆絕種動物，我們還有很長的路要走。科學家們現在還在進行克隆哺乳動物實驗。這是因為克隆哺乳動物仍然還是一門新的科學，它是從20世紀50年代才開始認真進行研究的，如下列所示：20世紀50年代：克隆青蛙20世紀70年代：用老鼠胚胎進行研究1979年：對羊和老鼠的胚胎進行研究1981年：首次對老鼠進行實驗性的克隆1983年：首次對奶牛進行實驗性的克隆1996年：首次克隆哺乳動物(多莉羊)2000年：奶牛生野牛2001年：中國首次克隆出雙胞胎小牛2002年：首次克隆貓2005年：首次克隆狗……Fromtimetotime?peoplesuggestthatextinctanimalslikedinosaurs,canpossiblybebroughtbacktolife?throughcloning.Unfortunately,withwhatweknownow,thisiseitherimpossibleor?unsuitable.Therearemanyreasons.?Theinitial?requirementisthatyouneedperfectDNA?(whichgivesinformationforhowcellsaretogrow)eq\o(○,\s\up1(21)).?Alleffortsofcloningananimalwillbeinvaineq\o(○,\s\up1(22))ifthereisnotenoughdiversityeq\o(○,\s\up1(23))inthegrouptoovercomeeq\o(○,\s\up1(24))illnesses.Diversityinagroupmeanshavingeq\o(○,\s\up1(25))animalswiththeirgenesarrangedindifferentwayseq\o(○,\s\up1(26)).Theadvantageisthatifeq\o(○,\s\up1(27))thereisanewillnesssomeoftheseanimalsmaydie,butotherswillsurviveandpassontheabilitytoresisteq\o(○,\s\up1(28))thatdiseasetoeq\o(○,\s\up1(29))thenextgeneration.Thegreatdrawbackeq\o(○,\s\up1(30))tocloningagroupofanimalsisthattheywouldallhavethesamearrangementofgenesandsomightdieofeq\o(○,\s\up1(31))thesameillness.Thennoneofthemwouldbelefttocontinuethespecies.?Itwouldbeunfairtocloneanyextinctanimalsiftheyweretoliveinazooeq\o(○,\s\up1(32)).Asuitablehabitatwouldbeneededforthemtoleadanaturallifeeq\o(○,\s\up1(33)).?fromtimetotime(相當于sometimes,notveryoften)不時；偶爾?bringbacktolife使復生；使復活?either...or...或者……或者……；要么……要么……(連接并列結構)?initial/I'nI?l/adj.最初的；開始的?DNA脫氧核糖核酸eq\o(○,\s\up1(21))that引導表語從句，which引導定語從句，修飾DNA。eq\o(○,\s\up1(22))invain白費力氣；枉費心機vain/vein/adj.虛榮的；自負的；徒勞的eq\o(○,\s\up1(23))diversityn．差異(性)；不同(點)；多樣化eq\o(○,\s\up1(24))overcomev．戰(zhàn)勝；克服eq\o(○,\s\up1(25))meandoingsth.意味著做某事eq\o(○,\s\up1(26))withtheir...是with的復合結構，genes與arrange之間為被動關系。eq\o(○,\s\up1(27))Theadvantageisthatif...,that引導表語從句，在表語從句中包含if引導的條件狀語從句。eq\o(○,\s\up1(28))resist/rI'zIst/vt.抵抗；對抗eq\o(○,\s\up1(29))passon...to...把……傳給……；把……轉交給……eq\o(○,\s\up1(30))drawback/'dr??b?k/n.缺點；不利條件(常與of/to搭配)eq\o(○,\s\up1(31))dieof死于(疾病、衰老等自身原因)eq\o(○,\s\up1(32))Itwouldbe...iftheyweretolive...用了與將來事實相反的虛擬語氣。eq\o(○,\s\up1(33))leadanaturallife過正常的野生生活[第2段譯文]不時地會有人提議，克隆技術將有可能使地球上已經滅絕的動物(如恐龍)復活。不幸的是，據我們現在所知這是不可能的，也是不合適的。其原因有很多：?首先要求你有完好的DNA(它提供有關細胞將如何生長的信息)。?如果某個動物群體沒有足夠的多樣性以戰(zhàn)勝疾病，那么克隆這種動物的所有努力都將是無用的。種群多樣性是指種群中動物的基因以不同的方式排列。其優(yōu)點是，如果發(fā)生了某種新的疾病，這類動物中的一些可能會死去，而另外一些卻能存活下來，并且把這種免疫力傳給下一代。經過克隆的動物群體的最大缺點是：它們的基因排列有可能完全相同，因而它們有可能會死于同一種疾病。這樣它們可能一個也留不下來傳宗接代了。?你如果克隆出任何絕種動物，而它們必須生活在動物園里，那是不公平的。它們需要適當的棲息地過正常的野生生活。Basedonwhatweknownoweq\o(○,\s\up1(34))，youcannotcloneanimalsthathavebeenextinctlongerthan10,000years.Actually,dinosaursdisappeared65,000,000yearsago.Sothechanceofdinosaurseverreturningtotheeartheq\o(○,\s\up1(35))ismerelyeq\o(○,\s\up1(36))adream.,eq\o(○,\s\up1(34))過去分詞短語Basedonwhatweknownow作狀語。eq\o(○,\s\up1(35))dinosaurseverreturningtotheearth是動名詞的復合結構，置于of之后，構成of短語，作thechance的定語。eq\o(○,\s\up1(36))merely/'mI?lI/adv.僅；只；不過(相當于only)[第3段譯文]就我們現在所知道的而言，不可能克隆那些已經絕種了一萬年以上的動物。事實上恐龍在6500萬年以前就已經消失了。所以說恐龍回歸地球的可能性僅僅是個夢想罷了。Step1Readthetextcarefullyandanswerthefollowingquestions.1．What'sthemainideaofthesecondparagraph?To_explain_the_impossibility_of_cloning_dinosaurs.2．What'sthewriter'sattitudetowardscloningdinosaurs?Negative.3．Whycan'tyouclonetheDNAofanimalsthathavebeenextinctlongerthan10,000years?The_DNA_of_animals_more_than_10,000_years_old_is_not_suitable_for_cloning,_for_it_can't_survive_so_long.Step2Readthetextandchoosethebestanswers.1．ThefilmJurassicParkispopularbecause________.A．peopleareinterestedinthesubjectofcloningfierceandextinctwildanimalsB．alltheactorsaredinosaursC．itwasdirectedbyascientistwhocloneddinosaursD．itprovesveryinteresting2．WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?A．Frogswereclonedin1981.B．Dollythesheepwasthefirstclonedanimal.C．Thenameoftheclonedcowis“Bison”．D．Chinawassuccessfulincloningmammals.3．ThereasonswhyagroupofclonedanimalsalldieofthesameillnessdoNOTinclude________.A．theyhavethesamearrangementofgenesB．thereisnotenoughdiversityinthegrouptoovercometheillnessC．theillnessisanewoneD．theirarrangementofgenescannotresistthatnewdisease4．Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthat________.A．scientistsareexperimentingwithcloningdinosaursB．dinosaurswillneverreturntotheearthC．clonedanimalswillonlyliveinthezooD．theDNAofdinosaurscanonlysurvive10,000years5．Thetextmainlytellsusaboutthe________ofcloningextinctanimals.A．possibility B．methodsC．examples D．importance答案：1～5ADCBA一、這樣記單詞記得準·寫得對記得快·記得多Ⅰ.基礎詞匯1.compulsoryadj.必須做的；義務的；強迫的；強制的2.owevt.欠(賬、錢、人情等)；歸功于……3.shortlyadv.立刻；不久4.retirevi.退休；離開5.bothervt.打擾vi.操心n.煩擾6.regulationn.規(guī)則；規(guī)章；法規(guī)7.strikevi.&vt.打；撞擊；罷工n.罷工8.drawbackn.缺點；不利條件9.unableadj.不能的；不會的10.hatchvt.&vi.孵出；孵卵；孵化Ⅱ.拓展詞匯1.assumptionn．假定；設想→assumev．假定；設想2.resistvt.抵抗；對抗；耐得住→resistancen．抵抗；對抗→resistantadj.抵抗的；對抗的3.merelyadv.僅；只；不過→mereadj.僅僅的；純粹的4.decorationn．裝飾→decoratevt.裝飾5.adorevt.崇拜；愛慕；喜愛→adorationn．熱愛；敬慕；愛慕；崇拜→adorableadj.可愛的；討人喜歡的6.reasonableadj.合情理的；講道理的；公道的→reasonn．理由；道理1.含-sist的常用詞①insistv．堅持②assistv.協(xié)助③assistantn.助手④consistvi.由……組成⑤persistv.堅持2.-ance結尾的名詞薈萃①acquaintance熟人；相識的人②assistance援助；協(xié)助③performance表演；演奏④resistance抵抗；對抗⑤reliance信賴；依賴⑥guidance指導①assume→assumption假定；設想②describe→description描述③explain→explanation解釋④pronounce→pronunciation發(fā)音4.drawbackn．缺點；不利條件[同義]shortcoming,objection,obstacle，handicap,failing,fault,disadvantage二、這樣記短語記牢固定短語多積常用詞塊1.(be)_bound_to_(do)__．..一定或注定(做)……2．strike_..._into_one's_heart使……刻骨銘心3．from_time_to_time不時；偶爾4．bring_back_to_life使復生；使復活5．in_vain白費力氣；枉費心機6．(be)_in_good/poor_condition情況/狀況很好(壞)1.amixtureoffearandexcitement既興奮又恐懼2．theinitialrequirement最基本的要求3．enoughdiversity足夠的多樣性4．resistthatdisease免疫力5．thechanceof...……的可能性6．merelyadream僅僅是個夢想三、這樣記句式先背熟再悟通后仿用1.Didshedieyoungbecauseshewasaclone？它死得早是因為它是克隆羊嗎？形容詞young在句中作狀語，表示主語的狀態(tài)。Thechildrenrushedtothefront,excited.孩子們激動地跑到了前面。2.Diversityinagroupmeanshavinganimalswiththeirgenesarrangedindifferentways.種群多樣性是指種群中動物的基因以不同的方式排列。with的復合結構在句中作后置定語。Shesentmeanemailwith_many_pictures_taken_in_America.她給我發(fā)了一封郵件，里面有很多她在美國拍的照片。3.Theadvantageisthatifthereisanewillnesssomeoftheseanimalsmaydie,butotherswillsurviveandpassontheabilitytoresistthatdiseasetothenextgeneration.其優(yōu)點是，如果發(fā)生了某種新的疾病，這類動物中的一些可能會死去，而另外一些卻能存活下來，并且把這種免疫力傳給下一代。句中that引導表語從句。My_suggestion_is_thatifitrainstomorrowwehadbettergotothelibrary.我的建議是：如果明天下雨，我們最好去圖書館。4.Basedonwhatweknownow,youcannotcloneanimalsthathavebeenextinctlongerthan10,000years.就我們現在所知道的而言，不可能克隆那些已經絕種了一萬年以上的動物。過去分詞短語在句中作狀語。Encouraged_by_him,_I'vedecidedtostudyhard.在他的鼓勵下我決定努力學習。1．(教材P13)Youowetheladyanapology.你應該向這位女士道歉。owevt.欠(賬、錢、人情等)；歸功于……；應感謝(1)owesb.anapology 該向某人道歉owesb.afavour 欠某人一個人情owesb.sth.(＝owesth.tosb.) 欠某人某物(2)owe...to... 把……歸功于……oweittosb.that... ……歸功于某人(3)owingto 因為，由于①Thanksforstickingupforme,Ioweyouafavour.謝謝你支持我，我欠你一個人情。②ImustsayIowealltheachievementstotheencouragementandhelpfrommycolleaguesandfriends.我必須說我的所有成就都應歸功于我同事和朋友們的鼓勵和幫助。③IoweittothedoctorthatIamstillalive.我仍然活著，這要歸功于那位醫(yī)生。④Owing_tohisabsence,wehadtoputofftheclassmeetingtillnextweek.由于他不在，我們只好將班會推遲到下個星期。2．(教材P14)However,theproblemthatshelaterdevelopedaseriouslungdiseasebotheredscientists.然而，之后它患上了嚴重肺病的問題困擾著科學家們。bother(1)vt.打擾vi.操心bothersb.with/aboutsth. 因某事打擾或麻煩某人bothertodosth. 操心做某事Itbotherssb.that/todosth. 使某人苦惱的是……①I'msorrytobotheryouwithsomanyquestionsonsuchanoccasion.在這樣的時刻，我很抱歉用這么多問題來打擾你。②Youdon'tbotherto_get(get)dinnerformetoday,I'lleatout.今天不用特意為我準備飯了，我要在外邊吃。(2)n.煩擾；令人煩惱的事或人putsb.tobother 給某人添亂getintoabother 陷入麻煩lookforbother 找麻煩③Heisreallyabother,forheisalwaysputtingotherstobother.他確實是個令人討厭的人，總是給別人添堵。④Don'tget_intosucha_botheraboutsmallmatters.不要為這些小事陷入麻煩。[名師點津]bother作“麻煩；困難”講時，是不可數名詞；作“令人煩惱的事物”“討厭的人”講時，是單數可數名詞。3．(教材P14)Dolly'sdeath,likeherbirth,wasboundtoraiseworries.多莉之死，正如它的出世一樣，注定要帶來焦慮。beboundto...一定或注定(做)……①Evenwhenwalkinginthecompanyoftwoothermen,Iamboundtolearnfromthem.三人行，必有我?guī)?。②Solongasweholdfasttoouridealsandnevergiveup,weareboundto_achieve(achieve)success.只要我們堅持夢想、永不放棄，我們一定會取得成功。4．(教材P15)ThepopularityoffilmssuchasJurassicPark,inwhichascientistclonesseveralkindsofextinctdinosaurs,proveshowtheideastruckamixtureoffearandexcitementintopeople'shearts.在《侏羅紀公園》這部影片中，有一位科學家克隆了好幾種不同的絕種恐龍。類似這樣的電影很受歡迎，證明了這一想法使人們感到既興奮又恐懼。strikevt.&vi.(struck，struck)打；撞擊；罷工；打動；迷住；突然想起；襲擊；報時n.罷工形象記憶寫出下列句中strike的含義①ThevisitorswerestruckbythebeautyoftheWestLake.迷住②Thatareawasstruckbyasnowstorm.襲擊③Whentheclockstrikessix,thechildrengohomefordinner.報時④Theywereonstrikeforhigherpays.罷工⑤Thiscombinationofhealingmyselfandhealingtheworldstruckmeastheperfectsolution.(2017·天津高考)突然想起(1)oone'sheart 使……刻骨銘心bestruckby... 被……打動eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(sth.strikessb.,Itstrikessb.that/wh-...)) 某人突然想起……(2)be/goonstrike 舉行罷工⑥Staffatthehospitalwent_on_striketoprotestagainsttheincident.醫(yī)院員工舉行罷工，以抗議這起事件。⑦Itstruckmethattherewasnooneathome.我突然想起家中沒有人。5．(教材P15)Fromtimetotimepeoplesuggestthatextinctanimalslikedinosaurs,canpossiblybebroughtbacktolifethroughcloning.不時地會有人提議，克隆技術將有可能使地球上已經滅絕的動物(如恐龍)復活。bring...backtolife使復生；使復活live/leada(n)...life 過著……生活bringsb./sth.tolife 使更有趣；使更生動cometolife 蘇醒過來；(變得)活躍changeone'slife 改變某人的生活sacrificeone'slifefor 為……獻出了生命savesb.'slife 救某人的命loseone'slife 喪生①Thegirlguidewasbroughtbacktolifeatlastbutnothingcanbringthedriverbacktolife.這位女導游最后蘇醒了過來，但什么也不能使司機復活。②ThenewteacherreallybroughtFrenchto_lifeforus.新來的老師給我們把法語教得生動活潑。③Thematchfinallycame_to_lifeinthesecondhalf.比賽在下半場終于精彩起來。6．(教材P15)．..butotherswillsurviveandpassontheabilitytoresistthatdiseasetothenextgeneration.……而另外一些卻能存活下來，并且把這種免疫力傳給下一代。resistvt.抵抗；對抗；耐得住(1)resistdoingsth. 抵制做某事can'tresist/helpdoingsth. 情不自禁做某事(2)resistancen. 抗拒；反對resistantadj. 抵抗的；有抵抗力的beresistantto 對……有抵抗力①Iknowitistimeformetosetouttodomyhomework,butIjustcan'tresistplayingcomputergames.我知道是開始做作業(yè)的時候了，但我就是忍不住地玩電腦游戲。②Astheysuppose,therehasbeenalotofresistance(resist)tothisplan.正如他們所料想的，反對這個計劃的人很多。③Somegovernmentofficialsweren'tresistanttothetemptationofmoney,andwerepunishedbylawintheend.一些政府官員抵制不住金錢的誘惑，最后受到了法律的制裁。7．(教材P17)ThedodobecameextinctfairlyrecentlysoitsDNAisstillingoodcondition.渡渡鳥剛剛滅絕，因此它的DNA的狀況良好。ingood/poorcondition狀況很好(壞)；情況很好(壞)outofcondition 健康狀況欠佳working/living/studyingconditions 工作/生活/學習環(huán)境onconditionthat... 在……條件下；倘若……on/undernocondition 一點也不；決不(放在句首時，用部分倒裝語序)①Thecarhasbeenwellmaintainedandisingoodcondition.這輛車一直保養(yǎng)得很好，車況極佳。②WhatIwantyoutorealizeisthateverybodyislikelytobein_poor_condition.我想讓你意識到的是每個人都可能有狀況不好的時候。③Youcankeepthebooksforabout3weekson_condition_thatyoupreservethemwell.這些書你可以借三個星期，條件是你必須好好保存。④On/Under_no_conditionshouldyoutellthemwhathappened.你無論如何都不能告訴他們發(fā)生了什么。1．Didshedieyoungbecauseshewasaclone?它死得早是因為它是克隆羊嗎？句中形容詞young作狀語，表示主語的狀態(tài)。形容詞(短語)作狀語：(1)結構：可以是單個形容詞，也可以是形容詞短語。若形容詞短語位于后面作狀語，一般要用逗號將其和句子的其他部分分開；若單個形容詞位于后面作狀語，往往不需要用逗號。(2)位置：通常位于句子主語之前或之后，有時位于句末。(3)作用：一般用于說明主語的狀況，可表原因、方式、伴隨等。①Atleasttheylivedhappy.至少他們生活得很幸福。②Everynation,big_or_small,_shouldbeequal.每個國家無論大小，都應平等。③Hereturnedfromwar,safe_and_sound.他安然無恙地從戰(zhàn)爭中歸來。④Thirsty_and_eager_to_get_a_rest,_shewentintotherestaurantandseatedherselfatatablebythewindow.由于口渴又想休息，她走進飯店，在靠窗的桌子旁坐下。2．Theadvantageisthatifthereisanewillnesssomeoftheseanimalsmaydie,butotherswillsurviveandpassontheabilitytoresistthatdiseasetothenextgeneration.其優(yōu)點是，如果發(fā)生某種新的疾病，這類動物中的一些可能會死去，而另外一些卻能存活下來，并且把這種免疫力傳給下一代。(1)Theadvantageisthat...“優(yōu)勢是……”，that在此引導表語從句。①Theadvantageisthatsmilingcannotonlymakeushappy,butalsopleaseothers.其優(yōu)勢在于微笑不僅僅讓我們高興，還能愉悅別人。(2)其他類似結構有：Thestrengthof...isthat... ……的優(yōu)勢是……Thedisadvantageof...isthat... ……的不足是……Thedrawbackof...isthat... ……的缺點是……Theproblemof...isthat... ……的問題是……Thechanceisthat... 有可能……②The_drawback_ofthepopularityofcarsis_thatitbringsaboutsomuchairpollution.汽車普及的缺點是它帶來了嚴重的空氣污染。③The_chance_is_thatourteamwillfinishatthetop,asourremainingmatchesaren'ttoodifficult.由于我們隊剩余的比賽不太艱難，我們隊在結束時有可能名列前茅。Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．Theydecidedtopostponethetrip,owing(owe)tothechangeoftheweather.2．Doesitbotheryouthatthemanisalwaysaskingtolendhimmoney?3．Workinghard,sheisboundto_rank(rank)firstinthecomingexam.4．Itisreportedthatthescientistshavebroughtaseedofmorethan2,000yearsbacktoliferecently.5．Heavyfloodsstruck(strike)theSouthlastweek,causinggreatdamagetothelocalpeople.6．ThenewclothesinthatshoparesobeautifulthatAnnacannotresisttaking(take)acloselookatthem,althoughshecannotaffordthematpresent.7．Insomeexperts'opinion,livingconditions(condition)ontheMarsareveryhardtotolerateandthevolunteershavetofacethefreezingcoldclimate,lonelinessandfear.8．Theadvantageofusingyouruniversityaccommodationisthatyoucangetsupportifyouhaveaproblem.Ⅱ.補全句子1．Heowes_his_success_tohardworkandpractice.他把他的成功歸功于努力工作和實踐。2．Theystayedinthesnowforseveraldays,cold_and_hungry.他們在雪地里待了幾天，又冷又餓。3．Thedoctordidallhecouldtobring_him_back_to_life.這位醫(yī)生竭盡全力讓他蘇醒過來。4．MountainTaistrikesitsbeautybeyonddescriptioninto_our_hearts.泰山把它那無與倫比的美麗深深地印在我們心中。5．Outofcuriosity,Icouldn't_resist/help_glancingathisdiary.出于好奇，我忍不住看了一眼他的日記。6．Onnoconditionshould_you_lose_heartwhenyouareintrouble.當你有困難時，你絕不能失去信心。7．Onemajordisadvantage_of_the_area_is_thatthereislackofpublictransport.這個地區(qū)的一大不便之處就是缺少公共交通工具。8．It_bothers_me_not_tohavetoldhimthetruth.→It_bothers_me_thatIhaven'ttoldhimthetruth.→Nothavingtoldhimthetruthput_me_to_bother.一直沒有告訴他真相，這讓我很苦惱。一、全練語言點，基穩(wěn)才能樓高[本課語言點針對練習]Ⅰ.單詞拼寫1．Hecouldn'tresist(抵抗)laughingatthesightofthefunnycomic.2．Shepickedalargebunchofflowersfortabledecoration(裝飾)．3．It'snotnecessarilyabadthingtoadore(崇拜)filmstarsitself.4．Thegreatdrawback(缺點；不利條件)tolivingonamainroadistheconstantnoise.5．Whenasked,sheconfirmedthatshewasgoingtoretire(退休)．6．(2015·湖南高考)SometimesIactasalisteningearforfellowstudentstotalkoverwhatisbothering(困擾)them.7．Economistsareworkingontheassumption(假設)ofaninterestratecut.8．Manyworkerswentonastrike(罷工)forbetterlivingconditions.9．Ithinkourofferisreasonable(合情理的)andrealistic.10．Thebrainaccountsformerely(僅，只，不過)threeper-centofbodyweight.Ⅱ.選詞填空fromtimetotime，ingoodcondition，passon，invain，beboundto，dieout，bringbacktolife，shortlyafter1．Wetriedin_vaintocatchthebutterflyontheflower.2．Fashiondesignersarealwayschangingstylesofdressfrom_time_to_timetomakemoremoneyfromladies.3．Toavoidaccidents,it'simportanttocheckthatallyourtoolsarein_good_conditionbeforestarting.4．Don'tlietoyourfather;heis_bound_tofinditoutsoonerorlater.5．Inthisstory,Shakespearewasbrought_back_to_lifebutcan'tfitinwithmodernsociety.6．ItookadayoffworkbecauseIdidn'twanttopass_onmyflutoeveryoneintheoffice.7．Thisspecieshasnearlydied_outbecauseitshabitatisbeingdestroyed.8．Shortly_afteryouleft,amancameintotheofficelookingforyou.[本單元語言點溫故練習]Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．Withtheproblemsettled(settle),weallfelthappy.2．Wetriedinvaintomakehimchangehismind.3．Youcanborrowthebookonconditionthatyoudonotlendittoanyoneelse.4．ThenewsthatTomwouldgoabroadwastoldbyLinda.5．Thereissomedoubtwhetherheisthemanwhorobbedtheboy.6．Thestudentsobjectedtostudying(study)onSundaysbuttheirparentsdidnot.7．Atthatpoint,itsuddenlystruckmethatIwaswastingmytime.8．Hedidn'tevenbotherto_say(say)thankyou.9．Onlybyhardworkcanwebringourhometownbacktolife.10．BeforeChristmas,decoratorsarebusydecoratingthehousewithdecorations.(decorate)Ⅱ.補全句子1．Modernbicyclesdiffer_from_the_early_ones_inmanymajorways.現代自行車在許多方面不同于早期的自行車。2．Wearesupposedto_undertake_the_responsibilitytoleadalow-carbonlifestyle,whichisofgreatsignificance.我們應該承擔過低碳生活的責任，這意義重大。3．Mypersistencefinallypaid_offwhentheycalledmeinforaninterview.他們打電話來要我參加面試，我的堅持終于有了回報。4．Thereasonwhy_he_has_an_objection_to_the_planisthatitcoststoomuch.他反對該計劃的主要理由是它費用太高。5．Hewas_forbidden_to_leavethebaseasapunishment.作為懲罰，他被禁止離開基地。6．I'm_in_favour_ofpeopledoingwhatevertheywantaslongastheydon'tbotheranyoneelse.我支持人們做他們想做的事情，只要他們不妨礙別人。7．LastyearJohnearned_twice_as_much_ashisbrotherdid,whohasabetterpositioninabiggercompany.去年約翰的收入是他哥哥的兩倍，他在一家更大的公司有一個更好的職位。8．It_struck_me_thatwehadreallylearntagreatdealthere.我覺得我們在那兒確實學到很多東西。9．Anyonewouldbe_cast_downbysuchnews.任何人都會因為這樣的消息而感到沮喪。10．Inthepastfewyears,Ihave_accumulated_hundreds_of_books.在過去幾年里我已經積累了幾百本書。二、勤練高考題型，多練自能生巧Ⅰ.閱讀理解At65,mostpeoplearethinkingaboutgettingaseniorcitizenbuspass.ButforMontanawomanEthelMacDonald,who'snowagreat-grandmother,that'swhenshetookuptourcycling.“IlikewhatIliketodowithouthavingtowaitforsomeoneelsetobeready，”explainsthe78-year-old-great-grandmother.Theappealofbikingaloneontheopenroad,shesays,is“justfeelinglikeI'mmyownboss”．Shebegantourcyclingin2003,beginningwithFrance'sAtlanticcoast.AsidefromtripsroundhernativeUnitedStates,she'swheeledherwaythroughtheNetherlands,Germany,Belgium,Scandinaviaandbeyond.HercompaniononherIrelandtripisapinkBromptonfoldingbike,whichshe'susedonfivetripsaroundtheUSsouth.ShekeepsanotherbikewithafriendforhertoursofmainlandEurope.Thisseasonedbikerreckonsshe'straveledatleast10,000miles.“Usuallymytripsarecloseto1,000milesinthreetofourweeks，”MacDonaldsays.SheusesonlinetravelcommunitiesWarmShowersandCouchsurfingtofindaplacetostay,andhostsguestsherselfatherhomeinMissoula,Montana.WarmShowersisexclusively(專門地)fortouringcyclistswhileCouchsurfingisforanytravelerswantingtomeetnewpeopleoropentheirhomestoothers.ByAugust2016,MacDonaldestimatedthatshe'dstayedwith165hostsandhostedaround200guestsofherown.“Itsavesapileofmoney，”sheadmits.“Butfarbeyondthat,therealvalueisthepeopleyoumeet,theinspirationyougetfromeachother,thememoriesandtheconnections.”Shekeepsascrapbook(剪貼簿)filledwithphotosandnotesfromallthepeopleshe'smetathomeandabroad,andkeepsintouchwithherfriendsworldwidethroughFacebookandemail.Whentraveling,sheparticularlylovesthe“bigculturalexchange”thatcomeswithspendingeachnightwithanewhostwithadifferentperspectiveontheworld.Foranyonewhowantstofollowinherfootsteps,heradviceissimple：“Justdoit.”語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了一位自行車旅游達人，她在65歲的時候開始騎車旅行，去過很多地方，走過很多國家，對于她的追隨者，她的建議非常簡單：“去做吧。”1．Whatdoesthesecondparagraphmainlytellus?A．Thehistoryofhertourcycling.B．Thereasonforhertakinguptourcycling.C．Therangeofhertourcycling.D．Theequipmentforhertourcycling.解析：選B段落大意題。由第二段內容可知，EthelMacDonald想做什么就做什么，不喜歡等別人，獨自一人騎著自行車上路讓她感覺她就是自己的主宰，顯然，這就是她喜歡騎自行車旅行的原因，故選B項。2．WhatnationalityisEthelMacDonald?A．Belgian. B．French.C．American. D．German.解析：選C推理判斷題。由首段中的“ButforMontanawomanEthelMacDonald”(Montana蒙大拿州——美國州名)及第三段中的“AsidefromtripsroundhernativeUnitedStates”(除了在她的祖國美國旅行之外)可知EthelMacDonald是美國人，故選C項。3．Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“seasoned”inParagraph4?A．Healthy. B．Wealthy.C．Retired. D．Experienced.解析：選D詞義猜測題。前文說她有兩輛自行車，用來在不同的地方旅行，這位seasoned的自行車手估算她已經騎行了至少一萬英里。對比四個選項，只有experienced“有經驗的”符合此處語境。4．HowdoesEthelMacDonaldfindaplacetostay?A．Throughonlinetrav