牛英2020中考語專復(fù)被語一、各時態(tài)的被動態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時：am／＋動詞過去分詞them.一般過去時：waswere＋動詞過去分詞:TheMP3boughtby一般將來時：will/shall/begoingto＋動詞過去分詞:Thewillbecompletedintendays.現(xiàn)在完成時：have／＋動詞過去詞:Thehasputoff.二、含情態(tài)動詞的動語態(tài)含有情態(tài)動詞的主動句變成被動句時，情態(tài)動詞＋過去構(gòu)成，原來帶to的態(tài)動詞變成被動語態(tài)后to仍保留。歌訣是：情態(tài)詞變動，情態(tài)加加過”例如：werepairwatchintwodays.→Thiswatchcanberepairedintwodays.Wemustfinishthisworksoon.→Thisdonesoon.Wehavetocleantheclassroom.classroomhastocleanedbyus.三主語變動態(tài)要意幾問.（）態(tài)持致Ihavecomputer.---Mycomputerbeenrepaired.（）果說動的行，且個行可作動態(tài)主語，用y短語如后的表地，是作執(zhí)者就短語Itus.ItisinWuhan.(3)主動的語代的格式變被句的賓時用賓形。Hecar.→carwasbyhim.(4)疑問的動態(tài)用動的應(yīng)式替doDoesshedrivecar?→Iscardrivenbyher?（）語動短的動態(tài)能掉詞語介或詞1

Hislooksafterhim.--Helookedafterbybestfriend.(6)主動中一動如，有賓，個直賓（物另個間賓（指），動態(tài)為被語時可以把間賓變主保留直賓，也以直賓變主，留接語但時般間賓語加個詞→(1)Igivenbookbyfather.→(2)Agivenmyfather.showed→(1)Iwasshownsomephotosbyher.(2)Somephotoswereshowntomeher.注意：有些雙賓語動詞，如do,pass,sell,send,sing，bring,write等變?yōu)楸粍诱Z時，通常以直接賓語作主語，保留間接賓語，其前面根據(jù)情況用介詞to或forShewrotemealetter.→Aletterwaswrittenmebyher.有些雙賓語動詞如羨)等以接賓語作被動語態(tài)主語直接賓語answeredthatquestion.→Iwasansweredthatquestionbyhim.（）動態(tài)中役詞感動的語足為帶的不式但變被語時加to，這類的動詞有make,have,notice，，lookat,feelhelp等Mr.Leemadehimwashdishes.→Hetodishes.Iboycrossthestreet→Aboywasseentocrossthe（）Itsaidthat+從句其類句一些表據(jù)說或相信的詞如believe,expect,report,suppose,等可以用于句型＋be＋過去分詞＋that從或“主語＋過去分詞＋todosth.。有：Itsaid據(jù)說Itisreported據(jù)道Itbelievedthat大家相信Ithopedthat大家希望，Itwellknownthat眾周知，thoughtthat大家認(rèn)為，Itsuggestedthat據(jù)議。例Itsaidthattheboynational（＝Theboyisnationalexam.）四、謂動詞的主動式表示動意義、（1）英語中有很多動詞如break，，，，lock，，，，，wash,cut,wear等，當(dāng)它們被用作不及物動詞來描述主語特征時，常用其主動形式表達被動意義,語通常是物。例Thiskindofclothwell.well.Thecutswell.這刀好使。

Theshoeswearlong.這鞋耐穿。注意：主動語態(tài)表被動強調(diào)的是主語的特征，而被動語態(tài)則強調(diào)外界作用造成的影響。試比較Thedoorwon't．（指門本身有毛病）2

Thedoorwon't．（不會有人來鎖指門有是人的原因）（2）表示發(fā)進行的不及物動詞和短語happen,come（現(xiàn)）等以主動形式表示被動意義。（3）系動詞沒有被動形式,但些表示感受、感官的連系動詞feel,sound,等主系表結(jié)構(gòu)中常以主動形式表示被動意義。Yoursounds、在某些句型中可用動名詞和不定式的主動形式表被動意義。（1）need，wantrequire等的后面，動名詞用主動形式表示被動意義，其含義相當(dāng)于動詞不定式的被動形式。Theneeds（berepaired）．這房子需要修理。（2）在些形詞＋不定式做語或賓補足語的結(jié)構(gòu)中，句子的主語或賓語又是動詞不定式的邏輯賓語時常用不定式的主動形式表達被動意義容詞有fithardimportant，，等This（看作work省了for）.（3）在to結(jié)中，不定式前面加邏輯主語，所以應(yīng)用主動形式表示被動意義。Thisbookistooexpensive(forbuy.五、下情況不能用被動語不物詞沒有被動語態(tài)這類動詞常見的有：place,happen,last,rise,break等Thehappenedlast（）Thehappenedlast系詞有被動語態(tài)這些動詞有：feel,turn,taste,sound,smell,look,get,become等。被語專練A.一現(xiàn)時的被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)：is/am/are及物動詞的過去分其它bysb.1．Football2．trees3．4．

（）overthe。（）inNorthChina.（）SouthChina.（fortakingphotos3

5．often

（todothiswork.B.一過去時的被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)was/were+及物動詞的過去分詞＋其bysb.1.Thehouse

（build）in1978.2.Allthestudents_____________(ask)tobringkitewithlastSunday3.car(clean)byDadyesterday.4.

（）waitforhimrighthere.5.thepresent

（）himbyhismother？C.含情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)：情態(tài)動詞can/may//should+be及動詞的過去分詞其它bysb.1.Chocolatemay(send)present.2.Computersshould3.Canthisof4.starscan

（）well.（）（）inthe-timeus.5.Musttheoldpeople____________(speak)politely?一選題()1.Thestrangeused______（）by（古代的）A.fordrinkB.todrinkC.drinkingD.drinked()2.Today,tootreesare_____intheworld.A.cuttingdownB.cutdownC.beingcutdownD.cutteddown()3.English_____incountries,butChinese_____theirownlanguages.A.isspoken,speakB.speaks,isC.isspoken,speakenD.isspoken,isspoken()4.Thisofapple______Yantai.A.isgrownB.growC.grewD.aregrown()5.Theseyoungtrees______afterwell.4

A.lookB.looksafterC.belookedD.looked()6.Mycoatismade_____（毛）silk.A.toB.forC.fromD.of()7.Ourteacherseen______totheago.A.goB.togoC.goingD.goes()8.TheCastle_____Henry.ItingoodconditionA.builtB.wasbuiltC.hasbuiltD.isbuilt()9.Icecanbe_____water.A.turnintoB.turnC.turnedintoD.turned()10.Keysareused_____doors.A.lockB.lockedC.lockingD.locks()11.The溫)shouldbe_____glass.A.madeofB.madeC.madeintoD.madein()12.Sorry,allthevegetables______.Pleasecometomorrow.A.sellswellB.haveoutC.havebeensoldD.areselling()13.Themanbadlyhurt._____tothehospital.A.hassentB.hasbeensentC.sentD.hassentfor()14.Abigcinema______ourtownnextyear.A.willbuildB.isbuiltC.willbebuiltD.hasbuilt()15.This_____byawritermanyyearsago.A.writesB.iswrittenC.writtenD.written二、用（）詞的適當(dāng)形式填1.Youngtrees____________(water)welleveryday.2.Thirtybikes_______________(repair)bylast3.Thiskind______________(use)forcuttingthings.4.strangethings(take)placeeveryyear.5

5.Riceagoby6.Information____________(keep)injustnow.7.Childrenunder1.2mheightshould______________(nottake)toconcerthall.8.Activities_____________(plan)tohelpthepooreveryyear.9.Ourclassroomissoitneeds_____________(clean).10Jackveryfunny.alwaysmade__________(laugh)11.goodnewsthatmostofthecasesofblindnesscan________________(cure).12.Childrenshould____________________________(treat)withkindness.13.Shemade_______________________________(wait)halfanhour.14.Usuallythoseletters_______________________________(write)Englishinthepast.15.thatOxfam_______________________(set)intheUKin1942?16.new_______________________(show)RedStarCinemayesterday.17.—What_________computer__________(use)for?—Sendingandreceiving-mails.18.mayoutandplayasyourhomework_____________(finish).三、改寫句子1.Theybuiltanewschoolthevillagelast（為被動語態(tài)）Anewschool______________________inthevillageyear.2.Inthedayspeople（壺）tomaketea.（為被動語態(tài)）Inthedaysteapots______________________tomaketea.3.Thismefeel（為動語態(tài)）I______________________________feelthirstythis.4.Didbuythisbikefromtheshop?（為被動語態(tài)）________________________________________fromtheshop（）5.Onlythisyear,millionsoftreesplantedthesoldiers.（為主動態(tài)）