新余市2022-2023學(xué)年度上學(xué)期期末質(zhì)量檢測(cè)高三英語(yǔ)試題（考試時(shí)間：120分鐘 試卷滿分：150分）注意事項(xiàng):L答題前，務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫在答題卡規(guī)定的位置上。.答選擇題時(shí)，必須使用2B鉛筆將答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑，如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其它答案標(biāo)號(hào)。.答非選擇題時(shí)，必須使用0.5毫米黑色筆跡的簽字筆，將答案書(shū)寫在答題卡規(guī)定的位置上。.所有題目必須在答題卡上作答，在試題卷上答題無(wú)效。.考試結(jié)束后，只將答題卡交回。第一部分：聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小海小題L5分，滿分7?5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。Whatistheweatherlike?C.Snowy.ARainy. B.Sunny.C.Snowy.Whatwillthewomando?A.Washthedishes.B.Cleanthetoilet.C.Tidyupthebooks.Whydidpeoplevoteforthewoman?A.Sheispopular.B.Sheisclever.C.Sheisreliable.Whatdoesthemanthinkaboutengineering?A.It'sdifficult.B.It'sinteresting.C.It'sboring.Whatdoesthemanlikebestabouttheboxofchocolates?A.Thesize. B.Theamount.C.Thevariety.第二節(jié)（共15小題;每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽(tīng)完后,各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。A.beforeA.clearA.talkA.neglectingA.spotA.launchA.postedA.puzzledA.passionateA.introubleA.setupA.cureA.beforeA.clearA.talkA.neglectingA.spotA.launchA.postedA.puzzledA.passionateA.introubleA.setupA.cureB.randomlyC.recentlyD.graduallyB.blueC.fadedD.fragileB.leaveC.returnD.quitB.givenC.assumingD.rememberingB.decideC.supposeD.promiseB.realizeC.abolishD.happenB.searchedC.mentionedD.linkedB.embarrassedC.touchedD.fascinatedB.stableC.casualD.fluentB.incommonC.ingeneralD.invainB.takeupC.makeupD.bringupB.remindC.accuseD.inform閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Watershortageisoneofthe41(great)crisesfacingustoday,withtwothirdsoftheglobalpopulationlivinginareas42waterisscarce(稀缺)foramonthormoreeveryyear.Therearetwofactorscontributing43thisproblem:increasingglobaldemandforwater,andunsustainablemeansbywhichthesedemandsarebeingmet.Yet,despitetheincreasingwaterusage,it44(predict)thattherewillbeafurther60%-100%increaseinwaterusageby2050.Thisisnotjust45matterofturningthetapoffwhenyoubrushyour46(tooth),orcuttingyourshowersdownto3minutes.Infact,dailyactivitiesofhumanmakeuplessthan4%ofourtotalwateruse,withtheremaining92% 47(fall)intotwo'invisible7categories:theindustrialproductionofhouseholditemsandfood.Astonishingly,69%ofourtotaldailywater48(consume)comesfromthegrowthandproductionoffoodalone.49 (fortunate),thereisnosinglego-toreferencebookfortheexactnumberoflitersusedintheproductionofanyindividualfooditem.Thisisahardpilltoswallow,forwehaveotherfactors50(consider)whenweighingupthebenefitsofeveryfoodchoice:taste,costandconvenience.第四部分 寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分35分)第一節(jié)，短文改錯(cuò)(共10小題;每小題1分，滿分10分)5L假定英語(yǔ)課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)（八），并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉。修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意：1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2,只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計(jì)分。Notonlyourparentsgiveuslife,buttheyofferusendlessloveandsupport,alwaysshareourhappinessandsorrow.Tmverygratefulformyparents.IstillrememberonceIwasseriouslyill,theyweresoworrying.Bothofthemkeptmycompanythewholenight.Now,Vmthesenior3student.Luckily,myparentscouldunderstandmystressfulconditionandoftencommunicatewithmewithencouragingword.Furthermore,theyallowmeenoughpersonalspace,whatIappreciatesomuch.WhenIgrowup,Tiltrymybesttomakemyparentstoliveahappylife.第二節(jié)書(shū)面表達(dá)（滿分25分）52.假如你是李華，你校邀請(qǐng)到了專家ProfessorLiu為愛(ài)爾蘭。reland）訪問(wèn)團(tuán)做一個(gè)關(guān)于中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化的講座。作為主持人，請(qǐng)你寫一篇開(kāi)場(chǎng)發(fā)言稿，內(nèi)容包括：.表示歡迎；2.簡(jiǎn)要介紹專家；2.講座內(nèi)容。注意：L詞數(shù)100左右;.可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫；.開(kāi)頭已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。Ladiesandgentlemen,Welcometoourschool!新余市2022-2023學(xué)年度上學(xué)期期末質(zhì)量檢測(cè)

高三英語(yǔ)試題（考試時(shí)間：120分鐘 試卷滿分：150分）注意事項(xiàng)：L答題前，務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫在答題卡規(guī)定的位置上。.答選擇題時(shí)，必須使用2B鉛筆將答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑，如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其它答案標(biāo)號(hào)。.答非選擇題時(shí)，必須使用0.5毫米黑色筆跡的簽字筆，將答案書(shū)寫在答題卡規(guī)定的位置上。.所有題目必須在答題卡上作答，在試題卷上答題無(wú)效。.考試結(jié)束后，只將答題卡交回。第一部分：聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小;每小題L5分，滿分7.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀Whatistheweatherlike?ARainy. B.Sunny. C.Snowy.Whatwillthewomando?A.Washthedishes.B.Cleanthetoilet.C.Tidyupthebooks.Whydidpeoplevoteforthewoman?A.Sheispopular.B.Sheisclever.C.Sheisreliable.Whatdoesthemanthinkaboutengineering?A.It'sdifficult.B.It'sinteresting.C.It'sboring.Whatdoesthemanlikebestabouttheboxofchocolates?A.Thesize. B.Theamount.C.Thevariety.第二節(jié)（共15小題;每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽(tīng)完后,各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。WhathappenedtoLucy'ssister?Shewasill.Shefoundanewjob.Shecouldn'tsleepatnight.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?Doctorandpatient.Brotherandsister.Friends.聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8至10題。Whatarethespeakersdoing?Cleaningahouse.Lookingaroundahouse.Decoratingahouse.Whatisthewoman?A.Acleaner. B.Arenter. C.Agardener.Howmuchisthehouseworthnow?Onemilliondollars.Fourmilliondollars.Eightmilliondollars.聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第11至13題。Whatistheman'sfavoritevideogameprobably?A.Minecraft. B.GenshinImpact.C.HonorofKings.WhatgamemodedoesthewomanliketousewhenplayingMinecraft?AdventureMode.SurvivalMode.CreativeMode.WhatdoesthewomansuggestthemansearchforfirstwhenplayingMinecraft?A.Wool. B.Wood. C.Iron.聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第14至17題。Wherearethespeakers?A.Inthelibrary.B.Inatrainstation.C.Inahotel.Howmanydayswillthebikeridelast?A.Six. B.Seven. C.Eight.Howwillthespeakersreachthehotelfromthevillage?A.Bytrain. B.Bycar. C.Bybike.What'stheman'sattitudetowardsthewoman'sidea?A.Doubtful. B.Worried. C.Supportive.聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第18至20題。WhereisMont-Saint-Michellocated?A.InEngland. B.InFrance. C.InIreland.Whenwasthechurchbuiltontheisland?Inthe8thcentury.Inthe6thcentury.Inthe3rdcentury.Whywerethegreatwallsbuilt?A.Forshelter. B.Forpleasure.C.Fordefense.第二部分 閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題;每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列材料，全科免費(fèi)下載公眾號(hào)《高中僧課堂》從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該選項(xiàng)涂AAreyouinterestedinrobot-science?Whatdoyouthinkrobotsarecapableof?Let'shaveareviewofworld-leadingtechnologygatheredattheWorldRobotConference（WRC）2022.TechnologyinagricultureAfruit-pickingrobotattractedvisitors,attention.WiththehelpofvarioussensorsandanAIsystem,therobotcancollectfruitaccordingtoitsripeness,qualityandsize.Therobotfirstlocatesthefruitandthenusessensorstodecidewhetheritisripe,witharoboticarmpickingthefruitgently.Thefruitisthencategorized,endingupinabasketaccordingtoitssize.Itissaidthatmorerobotictechnologywillbeusedinagricultureinthefuture,includingrobotsfordailyinspectionandweeding.RobotsfightingCovid-19Medicalstaffconductingnucleicacidtestsoftenfindtheirworktoilsome,especiallyunderthesummerheat.AnucleicacidtestrobotdevelopedbyTsinghuaUniversityandaChinesebiotechcompanywaspresentedattheWRC.Itlookslikeavendingmachine,buttherobotcancollectthroatswabs（拭子），processsamples,aswellasproduceanduploadtheresultswithin45minutes.Thewholeprocesswillnotrequiretheinvolvementofhumansorlaboratories.InventionsoftheyouthThosevisitingtheexhibitalsowitnessedtheintelligenceofanewgeneration.WangZirun,ajuniorstudentattheschool,designedathree-dimensionalparkingfacilitymodel.Sincethereareusuallytoofewparkingspacesinolderresidentialareas,Wang'sworkaimstofitmorecarsintocurrentparkingspots.Thefacilityworkslikeaskywheelwithsixparkingspots.Whencarsneedtobepickedup,thefacilityrotatessteadily,placingthecarontheground.Whyistheparkingfacilitydesignedlikeaskywheel?Tomakethemostoflimitedspace.Topreventcarsfrombeingstolen.Toincreasegroundparkingspaces.Tosavebuildingmaterials.Whatcanweinferfromthetext?Humancanbereplacedbytherobotinthefuture.TheWRCisintendedtoinspiretheintelligenceofayounggeneration.Alltheinventionsmentionedhavebeenputintopracticaluse.Boththefruit-pickingrobotandthenucleicacidtestrobotcansavemanpower.Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?Atravelbrochure. B.Asciencemagazine.C.Atechnologytextbook. D.Aproductadvertisement.【答案】l.A2.D 3.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章簡(jiǎn)要介紹了世界機(jī)器人大會(huì)上的幾款新研發(fā)的機(jī)器人?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章Inventionsoftheyouth中的uspots.Thereareusuallytoofewparkingspacesinolderresidentialareas,Wang'sworkaimstofitmorecarsintocurrentparkingspots.Thefacilityworkslikeaskywheelwithsixparkingspots.Whencarsneedtobepickedup,thefacilityrotatessteadily,placingthecarontheground.（由于老舊住宅區(qū)的停車位通常太少，王子潤(rùn)的作品旨在將更多的汽車安置在現(xiàn)有的停車位上。該設(shè)施就像一個(gè)空中摩天輪，有六個(gè)停車位。當(dāng)需要取車時(shí)，該設(shè)備會(huì)穩(wěn)定旋轉(zhuǎn)，將汽車放置在地面上。）”可知，由于老舊住宅區(qū)的停車位太少，所以王子潤(rùn)設(shè)計(jì)了這樣一款機(jī)器人，旨在將更多的汽車安置在現(xiàn)有的停車位上。由此可推之，王子潤(rùn)的設(shè)計(jì)目的在于最大程度地利用停車空間。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章Technologyinagriculture中的“WiththehelpofvarioussensorsandanAIsystem,therobotcancollectfruitaccordingtoitsripeness,qualityandsize.Therobotfirstlocatesthefruitandthenusessensorstodecidewhetheritisripe,witharoboticarmpickingthefruitgently.（在各種傳感器和人工智能系統(tǒng)的幫助下，機(jī)器人可以根據(jù)水果的成熟度、質(zhì)量和大小來(lái)收水果。機(jī)器人首先定位水果，然后用傳感器判斷它是否成熟，機(jī)械臂輕輕采摘水果。）”可知，在各種傳感器和人工智能系統(tǒng)的幫助下，機(jī)器人可以根據(jù)水果的成熟度、質(zhì)量和大小來(lái)收水果。由此可推知，這種機(jī)器人的應(yīng)用可以節(jié)省人力。根據(jù)文章RobotsfightingCovid-19中的“Thewholeprocesswillnotrequiretheinvolvementofhumansorlaboratories.（整個(gè)過(guò)程不需要人類或?qū)嶒?yàn)室的參與。）”可知，用來(lái)采集核酸的機(jī)器人不需要人類或?qū)嶒?yàn)室的參與，這也節(jié)省了人力。由此可推知，這兩種機(jī)器人都能節(jié)省人力。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。閱讀文章內(nèi)容可知，文章簡(jiǎn)要介紹了三款2022年世界機(jī)器人大會(huì)上出現(xiàn)的新研發(fā)的機(jī)器人,包括其功能和優(yōu)點(diǎn)。由此可推知，本文最有可能出現(xiàn)在科學(xué)科技方面的期刊雜志上。故選B項(xiàng)。BLikemostforeignersfromEnglish-speakingcountries,Holt'sfirstjobinChinawasteachingEnglishintrainingcentersandmiddleschools.SinceNovember,2021,hehasbeenateacheratNewChannel,aBeijing-basedlanguagetraininginstitute."Iteachthemtheater^hesaid.Holtwasveryshyasakid.Inthefirstgrade,hewasinvitedto“star”inRomeoandJuliet.Hedeclined.Buthisteacherinsistedongivinghimthebiggestpart."Hegavemethepowertoempower（給予力量）myself/'Holtexplained.Heintendedtopassonthatsamefeeling.SohestudiedtheaterandeducationattheEvergreenStateCollegeintheUS,andthenwenttoAsia,firsttheRepublicofKorea,thenChina."TeachingtheaterandpublicspeakinginChinaiswonderful,hesaid.Trainingaside,heandhiscolleaguesalsoadaptChinesestories,likeTheMonkeyKing,intoEnglishscreenplaysforstudents."Childrenliterallywantto

beasdramaticaspossibleinsteadofjustrecitingwords,“hesaid.Butteachingisnotallit'scrackeduptobe."Thebiggestchallengeistogettheintroverted（內(nèi)向的）kids——oradults一tospeakup,“Holtadded.Makingtheshyestkidthedirectorisoneofhismethodstobuildthemup.Andthechangewiththemisnoticeable:studentswho'dbarelyutterawordbeforeendupbeingtheloudestpersonintheroom."IlovetoseethatturnaroundJHoltsaid.Hisfutureplanistogetasmanychildrenaspossibletofeelmoreempowered,and“maketheateralittlebridge“betweenChinaandothercountries.Artmakesforauniversalconversationstart.Despitedisagreementsamongdifferentcountries,peoplefromdifferentcountriescangetalongwellthroughart.“Ithinkit'sareallypowerfulthingthatwecanallshareJhesaid.4.HowdidHoltreactwheninvitedto“star”inRomeoandJuliet?A.Hedidn'tshowinterestintheleast.Hejoinedinwithoutanyhesitation.Hewonderedifhecouldplaytherole.Heturneditdownowingtoshyness.WhichofthefollowingdoesHoltwanttoconveyabouttheatre?Itcanremoveallbarriersbetweencultures.Itcangiveshychildrenpowertospeakup.Itcanhelpchildrenovercomeanychallenge.Itcanchangeconventionalteachingmethods.Whatdoestheunderlinedphraseinthelastparagraphmean?A.Makesup. B.Takesover.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthepassage?A.Makesup. B.Takesover.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthepassage?A.Artbuildsaculturalbridge.C.ArtappealstokidsinChina.【答案】4.D 5.B6.C 7.AC.Resultsin. D.Breaksdown.Theateristobeatrendinteaching.D.Theaterwillmakeallkidsloveart.【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。文章通過(guò)霍爾特的故事，說(shuō)明了藝術(shù)是世界文化的橋梁。【4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段中的“Holtwasveryshyasakid.Inthefirstgrade,hewasinvitedto"star"inRomeoandJuliet.Hedeclined.SohestudiedtheaterandeducationattheEvergreenStateCollegeintheUS,andthenwenttoAsia,firsttheRepublicofKorea,thenChina.（霍爾特小時(shí)候很害羞。一年級(jí)時(shí)，他被邀請(qǐng)出演《羅密歐與朱麗葉》。他拒絕了。）”可知，霍爾特小時(shí)候很害羞，所以當(dāng)他被邀請(qǐng)出演《羅密歐與朱麗葉》時(shí)，他拒絕了。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段中的““Hegavemethepowertoempower（給予力量）myself,"Holtexplained.Heintendedtopassonthatsamefeeling』“他給了我賦予自己力量的力量，”霍爾特解釋道。他打算把同樣的感受傳遞下去。因此，他在美國(guó)常青州立學(xué)院學(xué)習(xí)戲劇和教育，然后去了亞洲，先是韓國(guó)，然后是中國(guó)。）”根據(jù)第三段uThebiggestchallengeistogettheintroverted（內(nèi)向的）kids—oradults——tospeakup/9Holtaddedn（最大的挑戰(zhàn)是讓內(nèi)向的孩子或成年人暢所欲言）?？芍瑧騽】梢越o害羞的孩子力量讓他們可以大聲地表達(dá)自己。故選B項(xiàng)。【6題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Artmakesforauniversalconversationstart.Despitedisagreementsamongdifferentcountries,peoplefromdifferentcountriescangetalongwellthroughart.（藝術(shù)makesfor世界溝通的開(kāi)始。盡管不同國(guó)家之間存在分歧，但不同國(guó)家的人們通過(guò)藝術(shù)可以很好地相處。）”可知，后一句話提到了“盡管不同國(guó)家存在分歧，但不同國(guó)家的人們可以通過(guò)藝術(shù)很好地相處”，由此可推知，藝術(shù)可以促進(jìn)世界溝通，是世界溝通的橋梁，進(jìn)而推知，makesfor的含義與“促進(jìn)、造成”一意相近。A.Makesup彌補(bǔ)、化妝；B.Takesover接管；C.Resultsin導(dǎo)致、造成；D.Breaksdown出故障。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中只有C項(xiàng)resultin與makesfor（導(dǎo)致、有助于、走向）含義相近。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。閱讀文章內(nèi)容并根據(jù)文章最后一段中的uArtmakesforauniversalconversationstart.Despitedisagreementsamongdifferentcountries,peoplefromdifferentcountriescangetalongwellthroughart.（藝術(shù)有助于世界溝通的開(kāi)始。盡管不同國(guó)家之間存在分歧，但不同國(guó)家的人們通過(guò)藝術(shù)可以很好地相處。）”可知，本文通過(guò)霍爾特的故事說(shuō)明了藝術(shù)可以促進(jìn)世界文化溝通，是世界文化的橋梁。A項(xiàng)“Artbuildsaculturalbridge.（藝術(shù)架起了文化的橋梁）”最能概括本文內(nèi)容。故選A項(xiàng)。CItseemsnoonecanreallyagreeonthequestionof"What'ssofunny?”Soimaginetryingtoteacharobothowtolaugh.ButthafsexactlywhatateamofresearchersatKyotoUniversityinJapanaretryingtodesignanAIthattakesitscuesthroughasharedlaughtersystem.ThescientistsdescribetheirinnovativeapproachtobuildingafunnybonefbrtheJapaneseandroid'Erica'inthelatestissueofthejournalFrontiersinRoboticsandAL“WethinkthatoneoftheimportantfunctionsofconversationalAIisempathy（移情，共鳴）explainedleadauthorDrKojiInoue,anassistantprofessoratKyotoUniversityintheDepartmentofIntelligenceScienceandTechnologywithintheGraduateSchoolofInformatics.uOnewayarobotcanempathizewithusersistosharetheirlaughter.”Tntheshared-laughtermodel,ahumaninitiallylaughsandtheAIsystemrespondswithlaughterasanempatheticresponse.Thisapproachrequireddesigningthreesubsystems一onetodetectlaughter,asecondtodecidewhethertolaugh,andathirdtochoosethetypeofappropriatelaughter.Thetypeoflaughterisalsoimportant,becauseinsomecasesapolitechucklemaybemoreappropriatethanaloudsnortoflaughter.TheteamtestedErica'snewsenseofhumorbycreatingfourdifferentshortdialoguesbetweenapersonandEricawithhernewshared-laughtersystem.Thentheyaskedmorethan130peopleintotaltolistentoeachdialoguewithinthethreedifferentconditions—sharedlaughtersystem,nolaughter,alllaughter—andevaluatedtheinteractionsbasedonhuman-likeness,naturalnessandunderstanding.Theshared-laughtersystemperformedbetterthaneitherbaseline.“Robotsshouldactuallyhaveadistinctcharacter,andwethinkthattheycanshowthisthroughtheirconversationalbehaviors,suchaslaughing,eyegaze,gesturesandspeakingstyle/9Inoueadded."Wedonotthinkthisisaneasyproblematall,anditmaywelltakemorethan10to20yearsbeforewecanfinallyhaveacasualchatwitharobotlikewewouldwithafriend/9Whydoesthetextraisethequestion“What'ssofunny^^atthebeginning?A.Toshowopinionsonfunnythings.Toencouragereaderstosharetheirideas.Toemphasizetheimportanceofbeingfunny.Tostressthedifficultyofteachingarobottolaugh.Whichofthefollowingexplainstheunderlinedphrase"afunnybone,,inparagraph1?A.Thedistinctcharacter. B.Thetypeoflaughter.C.Thespeakingstyle. D.Thesenseofhumor.WhatisNOTneededintheresearchoftheshared-laughtersystem?Assessingtheinteractionsbasedonemotions.Producingasubsystemtodecidewhethertolaugh.CreatingbriefconversationsbetweenahumanandErica.Askingpeopletolistentothepreviouslycreateddialogues.11.WhatisInoue'sattitudetowardsconversationalAI?A.Indifferent B.Suspicious C.Objective D.Optimistic【答案】8.D 9.D 10.A11.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了日本正在研究的共享笑聲系統(tǒng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段中的“Itseemsnoonecanreallyagreeonthequestionof"What'ssofunny?”Soimaginetryingtoteacharobothowtolaugh.Butthat'sexactlywhatateamofresearchersatKyotoUniversityinJapanaretryingtodesignanAIthattakesitscuesthroughasharedlaughtersystem.（似乎沒(méi)有人能在“什么這么好笑？”這個(gè)問(wèn)題上達(dá)成真正的共識(shí)。想象一下教機(jī)器人如何笑。但這正是日本京都大學(xué)的一組研究人員正在嘗試設(shè)計(jì)的一種人工智能,它可以通過(guò)共享笑聲系統(tǒng)來(lái)獲取線索。）”可知，人都沒(méi)能在“What，ssoftmny”這一問(wèn)題上達(dá)成共識(shí)，更不用說(shuō)教機(jī)器人笑。由此可推知，文章首段提出這一問(wèn)題，主要目的是強(qiáng)調(diào)教機(jī)器人笑的難度。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)文章第一段中的“ThescientistsdescribetheirinnovativeapproachtobuildingafunnybonefbrtheJapaneseandroidTrica,inthelatestissueofthejournalFrontiersinRoboticsandAI.（科學(xué)家們?cè)谧钚隆诘摹稒C(jī)器人與人工智能前沿》雜志上描述了他們?yōu)槿毡緳C(jī)器人“艾麗卡”制造幽默感的創(chuàng)新方法。）”可知，這些科學(xué)家的的研究目的是teacharobothowtolaugh,由此可推知，此處的afunnybone應(yīng)是指能使人笑的某種東西。A.Thedistinctcharacter鮮明的性格;B.Thetypeoflaughter笑的類型;C.Thespeakingstyle說(shuō)話風(fēng)格；D.Thesenseofhumor幽默感。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中只有D項(xiàng)與afunnybone（幽默感）含義最相近。故選D項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。不艮據(jù)文章第三段“Intheshared-laughtermodel,ahumaninitiallylaughsandtheAIsystemrespondswithlaughterasanempatheticresponse.Thisapproachrequireddesigningthreesubsystems——onetodetectlaughter,asecondtodecidewhethertolaugh,andathirdtochoosethetypeofappropriatelaughter.Thetypeoflaughterisalsoimportant,becauseinsomecasesapolitechucklemaybemoreappropriatethanaloudsnortoflaughter.（在共享笑聲模型中，人類一開(kāi)始會(huì)笑，人工智能系統(tǒng)會(huì)以笑聲作為同理心的回應(yīng)。這種方法需要設(shè)計(jì)三個(gè)子系統(tǒng)——一個(gè)檢測(cè)笑聲，第二個(gè)決定是否要笑，第三個(gè)選擇合適的笑聲類型。笑的類型也很重要，因?yàn)樵谀承┣闆r下，禮貌的輕笑可能比大聲的大笑更合適。）”以及第四段“TheteamtestedErica'snewsenseofhumorbycreatingfourdifferentshortdialoguesbetweenapersonandEricawithhernewshared-laughtersystem.Thentheyaskedmorethan130peopleintotaltolistentoeachdialoguewithinthethreedifferentconditions—sharedlaughtersystem,nolaughter,alllaughter-andevaluatedtheinteractionsbasedonhuman-likeness,naturalnessandunderstanding.（研究小組用新的共享笑聲系統(tǒng)創(chuàng)建了四段人與人之間不同的簡(jiǎn)短對(duì)話，以此來(lái)測(cè)試愛(ài)麗卡的新幽默感。然后，他們讓130多人在三種不同的情況下（分享笑聲系統(tǒng)、沒(méi)有笑聲、全部笑聲）聽(tīng)每一段對(duì)話，并根據(jù)與人類相似度、自然度和理解度來(lái)評(píng)估互動(dòng)。）”可知，共享笑聲系統(tǒng)實(shí)際上是根據(jù)與人類相似度。自然度和理解度來(lái)評(píng)估互動(dòng)，而非根據(jù)情緒，A項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。故選A項(xiàng)。【11題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“"Robotsshouldactuallyhaveadistinctcharacter,andwethinkthattheycanshowthisthroughtheirconversationalbehaviors,suchaslaughing,eyegaze,gesturesandspeakingstyle/9Inoueadded.uWedonotthinkthisisaneasyproblematall,anditmaywelltakemorethan10to20yearsbeforewecanfinallyhaveacasualchatwitharobotlikewewouldwitha什iend「（井上補(bǔ)充說(shuō)：“機(jī)器人應(yīng)該有獨(dú)特的性格，我們認(rèn)為它們可以通過(guò)對(duì)話行為來(lái)展示這一點(diǎn)，比如笑、眼神、手勢(shì)和說(shuō)話風(fēng)格。我們認(rèn)為這根本不是一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的問(wèn)題，我們可能還需要10到20年的時(shí)間才能最終與機(jī)器人像與朋友一樣隨意聊天J）”可知，Inoue認(rèn)為要想與機(jī)器人像朋友一樣隨意聊天和對(duì)話，并不是一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的問(wèn)題，可能還需要10到20年的時(shí)間。由此可推知，Inoue認(rèn)為對(duì)話式的人工智能是可以實(shí)現(xiàn)的，但需要時(shí)間，其態(tài)度是客觀的。故選C項(xiàng)。DTheburningofcoalmaybefallingoutoffavorasameansofgeneratingheatandelectricity,butthatdoesn'tmeanitnolongerhasvaluableuses.TheteamofKingAbdullahUniversityofScienceandTechnology（KAUST）isusingcoalforaneweconomy.TheprojectisledbyAssociateProfessorAndreaFratalocchi.Whilereadingaboutchallengesofendingtheuseofcoalinpowergeneration,Fratalocchiwasstruckbyanovelpossibleuseforcoal.“Whydon'tweusecoalforseawaterdesalination（脫鹽）？“Fratalocchirecalls,stillexcited.Capableoftakinginsunlight,theblackmineraladdstothelistofsubstancesindarkcolorsservingthepurpose,whichtheteamisonalong-standinghuntfor.Fralalocchiandhisteambegantoexploretheuseofamaterialknownascarbonizedcompressedpowder（壓縮粉末），alsoCCP,whichiscreatedbybreakingcoalintopowder,andthenpressingthatpowderbackintoasolidthathasmoretinyholes—itcanalsobemadeintoadesiredshape.TheteammixedCCPwithnaturalcottonfibers,producingablockwhichwasthenplacedwithinaseawater-containingcontainer,withitsbottomtouchingwatersurface.Whilesunlightheatedtheblacksurfaceoftheblock,theinsidefibershelpedwaterflowinandthroughtheblockfromthebottom.Whenthatliquidwaterreachedthehotsurface,itturnedintosteamwhichroseandcondensed（冷凝）ontheinsideofaspeciallyshapedcover.Thatcondensationthenflewdownthecoverandwascollectedasfresh,drinkablewater.Theseawater'ssaltcontentremainedbehindwithintheCCP.AsimplewashwasWhathappenedtoLucy'ssister?Shewasill.Shefoundanewjob.Shecouldn'tsleepatnight.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?Doctorandpatient.Brotherandsister.Friends.聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8至10題。Whatarethespeakersdoing?Cleaningahouse.Lookingaroundahouse.Decoratingahouse.Whatisthewoman?AAcleaner. B.Arenter. C.Agardener.Howmuchisthehouseworthnow?Onemilliondollars.Fourmilliondollars.Eightmilliondollars.聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第11至13題。Whatistheman'sfavoritevideogameprobably?A.Minecraft.B.GenshinImpact.C.HonorofKings.A.Minecraft.WhatgamemodedoesthewomanliketousewhenplayingMinecraft?AdventureMode.SurvivalMode.CreativeMode.WhatdoesthewomansuggestthemansearchforfirstwhenplayingMinecraft?A.Wool. B.Wood. C.Iron.聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第14至17題。Wherearethespeakers?A.Inthelibrary.B.Inatrainstation.C.Inahotel.enoughtoremovemostofit,sothematerialcouldbereusedmultipletimes.KAUSThaspartneredwiththeDutchstart-upPERAComplexitytopromotethetechnology.ThematerialwillseeitsfirstuseinapilotplantinBrazil."CCPisabundantinnatureandreasonabletouse,besidesbeinglightweightandhighlychangeable,saysteammemberMarcellaBonifazi."Thedevice'sdesalinationrateperunitofrawmaterialistwotothreetimeshigherthanthatofanyothersolardesalinationsystem,butitproducesfreshwaterataroundone-thirdtheexpenseofcurrentstate-of-the-arttechnologies.”12.WhathasFratalocchi^teambeenseekingfbr?FibersfunctioningwellwithCCP.Greenwaystodesalinateseawater.Newindustrialapplicationsofcoal.Dark-coloredmaterialsfordesalination.HowdidtheseawatergetintotheCCPblock?A.Throughthetinyholes. B.ThroughCCP.C.Throughcottonfibers. D.Throughaspecialcover.WhichfeatureofCCPdoesMarcellaBonifazistress?A.Beingeco-friendly. B.Beinglow-cost.C.Beingefficient. D.Beingflexible.Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?Drinkablewaterwillbegotfromthesea.CCPisexpectedtobeinreal-lifeusesoon.Coalfindsnewuseindesalinationtechnology.Scientistshavemadeabreakthroughindesalination.【答案】12.D 13.C14.B15.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要講的是阿卜杜拉國(guó)王科技大學(xué)（KAUST）的團(tuán)隊(duì)正在探索將煤用來(lái)淡化海水這一新用途。【12題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“Capableoftakinginsunlight,theblackmineraladdstothelistofsubstancesindarkcolorsservingthepurpose,whichtheteamisonalong-standinghuntfor.（這種黑色礦物具有吸收陽(yáng)光的能力,是該團(tuán)隊(duì)長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)一直在尋找的具有吸收陽(yáng)光功能的深色物質(zhì)的又一項(xiàng)）”可知，團(tuán)隊(duì)一直在尋找一種深黑色并且能脫鹽的材料。故選D。【13題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的“TheteammixedCCPwithnaturalcottonfibers,producingablockwhichwasthenplacedwithinaseawater-containingcontainer,withitsbottomtouchingwatersurface.Whilesunlightheatedtheblacksurfaceoftheblock,theinsidefibershelpedwaterflowinandthroughtheblockfromthebottom.（該團(tuán)隊(duì)將CCP與天然棉纖維混合，制成一塊塊，然后放置在一個(gè)含有海水的容器中，其底部接觸水面。當(dāng)陽(yáng)光加熱塊的黑色表面時(shí)，內(nèi)部纖維幫助水從底部流入并穿過(guò)塊狀物）”可知，海水需要經(jīng)過(guò)一個(gè)特別的纖維材料過(guò)濾，進(jìn)入容器。故選C。14題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段的“"CCPisabundantinnatureandreasonabletouse,besidesbeinglightweightandhighlychangeable/9saysteammemberMarcellaBonifazi."Thedevice'sdesalinationrateperunitofrawmaterialistwotothreetimeshigherthanthatofanyothersolardesalinationsystem,butitproducesfreshwaterataroundone-thirdtheexpenseofcurrentstate-of-the-arttechnologies.^"CCP的性質(zhì)豐富，使用合理，除了輕量級(jí)和高度多變，”團(tuán)隊(duì)成員MarcellaBonifazi說(shuō)。“該裝置每單位原料的脫鹽率比任何其他太陽(yáng)能脫鹽系統(tǒng)高兩到三倍，但它生產(chǎn)淡水的成本約為目前最先進(jìn)技術(shù)的三分之一可知，材料在自然可以輕易獲取，但是成本是現(xiàn)有方法的三分之一，可見(jiàn)強(qiáng)調(diào)的是低成本。故選B。35題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段的uTheteamofKingAbdullahUniversityofScienceandTechnology（KAUST）isusingcoalforaneweconomy.（阿卜杜拉國(guó)王科技大學(xué)（KAUST）的團(tuán)隊(duì)正在將煤炭用于一種新經(jīng)濟(jì)）”和第二段的“Whydon*weusecoalforseawaterdesalination（脫鹽）?（我們?yōu)槭裁床挥妹簛?lái)淡化海水呢？）”可知，本文主要講的是阿卜杜拉國(guó)王科技大學(xué)（KAUST）的團(tuán)隊(duì)正在探索將煤用來(lái)淡化海水這一新用途，也就是“煤在海水淡化技術(shù)中找到了新用途”，即Coalfindsnewuseindesalinationtechnologyo故選Co第二節(jié)（共5小題;每小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Cloudstorageisaflexibleandconvenientwaytostoredatawithcompletepeaceofmind.16computer.Thereucanstoreallyourdigitalthingsremotely,withouttakingupspaceonyourcomputer.Therearetwooptionsavailable:publiccloudstorageallowsyoutosharehostingspacewithotherusers;privatecloudstorageistheidealchoiceforcompanieswhowanttohavetheirdatastoredintheirownenvironment.17Onceyouhaveregisteredandsetupyouraccount,yousimplysaveyourfilesviatheinternetusingyourusernameandpassword.Thisensuresyourdataremainssecureandinaccessibletoanyoneelse.Shouldyouchoose,youcanputcertainpermissionsinplace,whichmakesiteasytoshareyourdatawithyourcolleaguesoryourfamily.Whenyousignuptocloudstorage,youcanchoosetheamountofspaceyouneed.18Youcanstoreanythingdigital:allyourfiles,videosandpictures.Whetheryouwanttousethisstoragesolutiontostoreyourfamilyphotographsoryouwanttouseittostoreyourworkdocumentation,youwillfinditquiteconvenient.Isitbetterthanyourcomputeroranexternaldrive?Theanswerisadefiniteyes.Computerscrashallthetime.Thisisthemostcommoncauseoflostworkandmemories.19Hereyoualsohavetheaddedriskofmisplacingitorhavingitstolen.Therearesomanyadvantagestocloudcomputing,fromtheabilitytoaccessyourdatafromwherever,whenever,tonotneedingexpensiveexternalstoragedevices.20A.Cloudstorageisverysimpletouse.Youwillfindcloudstorageverycheap.Externalharddrivescanstillbreak,orfail.Itenablesyoutostoreyourdataonhostedservers.Cloudstorageprovidersoffermultiplelayersofdatasecurity.Theonlydisadvantage,however,isthatyouneedinternettoaccessfiles.Youcanstartwithasmallamountandincreasethestoragesizelateron.【答案】16.D 17.A18.G 19.C20.F【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了云存儲(chǔ)是一種靈活、方便、完全放心的數(shù)據(jù)存儲(chǔ)方式。它有很多優(yōu)點(diǎn),但也有唯一缺點(diǎn)是你需要互聯(lián)