2020-2021學(xué)年高二英語人教版(2019)選擇性必修第三冊(cè)同步課時(shí)作業(yè)（8）Unit3LearningaboutLanguage1.他們似乎已經(jīng)歷了一場毀滅性的地震Theyseem__________________adestructiveearthquake.2.我發(fā)燒了,所以我考慮明天去看醫(yī)生。Ihaveafever,soIconsider__________________thedoctortomorrow.3.我通過聽英語歌提高英語水平。。IimprovemyEnglish___________________________________.4.He_______(release)fromprisonafterservingasentenceoffiveyearstheyearbeforelast.5.Theproblemthattheteacherreferredtoinhislecturewasbeyondmy______(comprehend).6.Wemustensurethattourismdevelops_____harmonywiththeenvironment.7.Iaskedmygroupmemberswhattheydid_______(limit)theamountofcarbondioxideproducedintheirdailylives.8.Robertissaid______(study)abroad,butIdon'tknowwhichcountryhestudiedin.9.Thedoctoradvisedme______(take)acompleterestsothatIcouldmakeacompleterecovery.10.Thevirusthatisspreadinginthatregioncanlead______deadlycomplications,suchaspneumonia.11.Onlywheneachofusrealizestheimportanceofprotectingtheenvironmentcanwehavea______(harmony)earth.12.Jennysaid,"Ihavefinishedmyhomework."___________________________________13."DoyoucomefromAustralia?"LiuJunpingaskedBob.______________________________________________14."Whoareyouwaitingfor,Tom?"askedNancy._____________________________________15.Heaskedme,"Howwillyougettotheparty?"_______________________________________16.Gases,likeblackcarbon,methane(甲烷)andozone(臭氧)incitysmog,arecalled"short-livedclimatepollutants(污染物)",whichexistbothoutdoorsandindoorsanddecreaseagriculturalcrops.WHOsaysemissionsfromtheseclimatepollutantscausemanyseriousillnesses,includinglungcancer.Andthesepollutantsareresponsibleformanyofthemorethan7millionprematuredeathseachyearthatareconnectedtoairpollution.MariaNeirainWHOsaysthepollutantshaveastrongimpactonclimatechange.Butthegoodnewsisthattheyonlystayintheatmosphereforafewdaysto10years.Thatismuchshorterthancarbondioxide,agreenhousegasthatcanremainforhundreds,oreventhousandsofyears.AccordingtoMariaNeira,whenyouaddresstheshort-livedpollutants,youcanreduceemissionsveryrapidly,andthenimproveairquality.Youwillhaveanimmediatereductionintheillhealthanddiseasesbecauseofthereductionofairpollution.WHOhasmanyavailableandaffordablewaystoreducetheseshort-livedclimatepollutants.Atthetopofthelistiscuttingvehicleemissionsbyrequiringhigheremissionandefficiencystandards.Moreemissionsarereleasedwhenenginesarerunning.Indoorairpollutionalsocontributestopoorhealthandprematuredeath.WHOreportsthatnearly3billionlow-incomehouseholdsrelyon"dirtyfuels".Coal,woodandkeroseneusedforcookingandheatingareexamples.Cleanerandmoreefficientstovesandfuelalternativescouldcutdownonhealthrisks.Anotherwaytocutbackonthesepollutantsistohavemoreinvestmentandpoliciesforrapidtransport.Theseincludebuses,trains,bicyclesandpedestrianorwalkingroutes.Theseinvestmentcouldhavemanybenefits,includingsafertravel,reducedhealthrisksfromnoiseandairpollutionandmorephysicalactivity.TheWHOreportalsocallsforencouraginghigh-incomeandmiddle-incomepopulationstoincludemoreplant-basedfoodsintheirdiets.Itsaysthiscouldtheriskofdevelopingreduceheartdiseaseandsomecancers,andcouldalsoslowthemethanegasproductionthatcomeswithsomeanimal-sourcedfoods.1.The"short-livedclimatepollutants"aresocalledbecause______.A.theycausemanytodieyoungB.theyexistshorterthanthegreenhousegasC.theyliveindoorsforashorttimeD.theyhaveashorteffectonpeople'shealth2.Theunderlinedword"address"inParagraph4means"______".A.liveonB.talkaboutC.dealwithD.turnto3.Whatcanbeinferredfromthewholepassage?A.Richpeoplehardlyevereatplant-basedfoodsindailylife.B.Noemissionsarereleasedfromstoppedengines.C.Governmentsshouldtakemeasurestofightpollution.D.Heartdiseaseandsomecancersarecausedbythepollutants.4.Whichofthefollowingmaybethebesttitleofthetext?A.ThewaystofightairpollutionB.Reducing"short-livedclimatepollutants"tosavelivesC.SomesourcesofseriousairpollutionD.AreportonpollutionfromWHO17.Polarbearsareundergoinghungerinaworld①_____(warm)thaneverbefore.Polarbearsliveintheenvironmenttoocoldformostanimals.Formostoftheyear,theyliveandhuntonArcticseaice.Naturehasprepared②_____(they)forthecoldconditions.Butnothinghaspreparedthebearsforthedanger③_____threatenstheironlyhome.Polarbears'worldismelting.Studiesshowthatpolarice④_____(reduce)by9.8%every10yearssince1978.Nowabout20,000to25,000polarbearsliveintheArctic.Polarbearsdepend⑤_____seaicefortheir⑥_____(survive)."Seaiceismorethanjusttheplatformthatthebearswalkover,"saysAndrewDerocher,⑦_(dá)____scientistwhostudiesNorthAmericanpolarbearpopulations."Withoutit,theycan'texist."⑧_____(melt)andrefreezingofpolariceisnatural.Butinawarmerworld,thecyclespeedsup,andpolarbearshavelesstime⑨_____(hunt).Normally,theyhavethreemonthsinthespringwhentheygainmoreweight.Theextrafatwillbeused,whenthebearsarenot⑩_____(active)hunting.答案以及解析1.答案：2.答案：3.答案：bylisteningtoEnglishsongs4.答案：tohaveexperiencedgoingtoseewasreleased解析：考查時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)及主謂一致。句意：前年他在服刑5年后被釋出獄。主語He與release之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，因此用被動(dòng)語態(tài)；根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語theyearbeforelast判斷此處用一般過去時(shí)。主語是He，因此填wasreleased。5.答案：comprehension解析：考查名詞。句意：我無法理解老師在他的講座中提到的那個(gè)問題。beyondone'scomprehension某人無法理解。6.答案：in解析：考查固定搭配。句意：我們必須確保旅游業(yè)的發(fā)展與環(huán)境相協(xié)調(diào)。inharmonywith意思為"與……和諧，與……一致"。7.答案：tolimit解析：考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：我問我的組員他們做了什么來限制在他們的日常生活中產(chǎn)生的二氧化碳的量。動(dòng)詞不定式在此處表示目的。8.答案：tohavestudied解析：考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：據(jù)說羅伯特曾經(jīng)在國外學(xué)習(xí)過，哪個(gè)國家。從后面studied所用過去時(shí)態(tài)可知這一事件早已發(fā)生，即study表示的動(dòng)所以須用tohavedone形式。9.答案：totake但我不知道是在作發(fā)生在issaid之前，解析：考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意:醫(yī)生建議我完全休息以便我能徹底康復(fù)。advisesb.todosth.意思為"建議某人10.答案：介詞。句意：to導(dǎo)致，引起，to是介詞。11.答案：做某事"。to解析：考查正在那個(gè)地區(qū)傳播的病毒可能導(dǎo)致致命的并發(fā)癥，比如肺炎。leadharmonious解析：考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。句意：只有當(dāng)我們每個(gè)人都意識(shí)到環(huán)保的重要性時(shí)，我們才能擁有一個(gè)和諧的地球。由空格后的名詞earth可以判斷，此處應(yīng)該填形容詞作定語。12.答案：Jennysaidthatshehadfinishedherhomework.13.答案：LiuJunpingaskedBobif/whetherhecamefromAustralia.14.答案：NancyaskedTomwhohewaswaitingfor.15.答案：16.答案：1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第三段中的atmosphereforafewdaysto10years.Thatismuchshorterthancarbondioxide,agreenhousegasthatcanremainforhundreds,oreventhousandsofyears.可知，"短期氣候污染物"是由于它們?cè)贐。youcanreduceemissionsveryrapidly,andthenimproveairquality.Youwillhaveanimmediatereductionintheillhealthanddiseasesbecauseofthereductionofairpollution可知，這是解決掉"短期氣候污染物"的結(jié)果。由此可推知，畫線單詞"處理掉，解決掉"。liveon以……為食；talkabout談?wù)摚籨ealwith處理，應(yīng)付；turnto轉(zhuǎn)向。故選C。3.推理判斷題。由第第二段中的Anotherwaytocutbackonthesepollutantsistohavemoreinvestmentandpoliciesforrapidtransport.可推知，C。4.主旨大意題。這是一篇說明文，文章介紹了什么是"短期氣候污染物"以及它們給人類帶來的危害，剩下的五段內(nèi)容提出了解決方案。只有選項(xiàng)B中的pollutants"可與本文主題"‘短期氣候污染物’"呼應(yīng)，其中的Reducing也與最后幾個(gè)段方案呼應(yīng)。故選B。17.答案：①warmer②them③that/which④hasreduced⑤on/upon⑥survival⑦a⑧Melting⑨t(yī)ohunt⑩activelyHeaskedmehowIwouldgettotheparty.1-4BCCB解析：Butthegoodnewsisthattheyonlystayinthe空氣中存在的時(shí)間比溫室氣體短而得此名。故選2.詞義猜測題。由畫線單詞后的的