一、中考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解匯編1．閱讀理解

Iwalkedintoastrangerashepassedbyme.

"Excuseme."Isaid.

Herepliedwithasmileandsaid,"Pleaseexcuseme,too.Ididn'tnoticeyou."

Weapologized（道歉）andwentforourownways.

Laterthatday,whenIwascooking,mydaughterwasstandingtoonear.WhenIturnedtoreachforsomemilk,Inearlyknockedherover."Moveoutoftheway!"Ishouted.

Shewalkedawaysadly.ButIdidn'tfeellikeIhadtoapologizetoher.WhileIwasinbedthatevening,myhusbandsaidtome."Whiledealingwithastranger,youwerepolite.Butwithadaughteryoulove,youwereunkind.Yourdaughterbroughtyousomeflowersthatshepickedherselfthisafternoon.Youwillfindtheminthekitchenbythedoor.Haveyouseenthetearsinhereyes?"

Iquietlywentandsatdownbymydaughter'sbed.

"Honey,Iamsosorry."Isaid."Arethesetheflowersyoupickedforme?"

Shesaid,"Ifoundthembythetree.Ipickedthembecausethey'reprettylikeyou.Iknewyou'dlikethem,especiallytheblueones."

Itearfullyreplied,"Sweetie,I'mreallysorryforthewayIactedtoday.Ishouldn'thaveshoutedatyou."

"It'sOK.Iloveyouanyway."Shesaidasshekissedmeonmycheek.Ifwecanbepolitetostrangers,whycan'twedothesamefortheoneswelove?（1）Thewriterwas

tothestrangerwhoshewalkedinto.A.

mad

B.

honest

C.

unkind

D.

polite（2）Whereweretheywhenthewritershoutedatherdaughter?A.

Inthekitchen.

B.

Bythetree.

C.

Inthebedroom.

D.

Inthegarden.（3）Whatdidthewriter'shusbandthinkwhenhesawheraction?A.

Thelittlegirlshouldn'tcry.B.

Sheshouldn'tshoutattheirdaughter.C.

Sheshouldn'tsaysorrytothestranger.D.

Bothheandhiswifeshouldapologizetotheirdaughter.（4）Whatmaybethewriter'sfavoritecoloraccordingtothepassage?A.

Yellow.

B.

Pink.

C.

Blue.

D.

Red.（5）Whatdoyouthinkisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.

Befriendlytostrangers.B.

Motherslikeflowers.C.

Bekindtolovedones.D.

Lovebetweenparentsandchildren.【答案】（1）D（2）A（3）B（4）C（5）C【解析】【分析】大意：作者走在路上撞到陌生人，相互表示歉意，而在家里因?yàn)榕畠赫镜仉x自己很近，結(jié)果取牛奶的時(shí)候幾乎絆倒女兒卻生氣對(duì)女兒大叫，導(dǎo)致女兒難過(guò)流淚，后來(lái)因?yàn)槔瞎狞c(diǎn)醒，讓作者意思到對(duì)待愛(ài)自己的人要好的道理。（1）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)"Excuseme."Isaid.可知，作者對(duì)待陌生人很有禮貌，故選D。（2）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)whenIwascooking,Moveoutoftheway!"Ishouted.可知，作者是在廚房對(duì)女兒大喊大叫，故選A。（3）推斷題。根據(jù)Whiledealingwithastranger,youwerepolite.Butwithadaughteryoulove,youwereunkind.可知，作者的丈夫認(rèn)為她不應(yīng)該對(duì)女兒大叫，故選B。（4）推斷題。根據(jù)Iknewyou'dlikethem,especiallytheblueones."可知，作者可能最喜歡藍(lán)色，故選C。（5）主旨題。作者走在路上撞到陌生人，相互表示歉意，而在家里因?yàn)榕畠赫镜仉x自己很近，結(jié)果取牛奶的時(shí)候幾乎絆倒女兒卻生氣對(duì)女兒大叫，導(dǎo)致女兒難過(guò)流淚，后來(lái)因?yàn)槔瞎狞c(diǎn)醒，讓作者意思到對(duì)待愛(ài)自己的人要好的道理，故選C?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解。細(xì)節(jié)題、推斷題和主旨題是閱讀理解題中?？碱}型。細(xì)節(jié)題需要從文中尋找答案；推斷題需要聯(lián)系上下文，推斷出需要的信息；主旨題需要通讀全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。2．閱讀理解

MynameisWeiHuaandI'masportingrobotofthe23rdcentury.I'mcleverathighflyingexercises.IjumpfromspaceshipsandasIfall,Iturn,dive,circleanddanceuntilIsoftlylandascloseasIcantothefinishingline.

Robotcompetitionsinthe23rdcenturyaretrulyapopularsport.FansfromalloverChinawatchtheirhand—heldTVswhenacompetitioncomeson.LasttimeItookpartinthe78thOlympicsandIwonthesilvermedalformyperformance.

ThisyearIwasveryproudtobechosenagain.Iwantedtomeetrobotsfromothercountriesandexploreideasaboutoursport.However,myprogrammerfellilltheweekbeforewewereleaving.ItwasverypainfulforherandIfeltveryscared.Ididn'tfeelsoconfidentthatIwouldwin.

Thedayofthecompetitionwasrathercoldformylegsandmyspecialoilbegantofreeze.Istoppedforamoment（whichIshouldn't）beforeIjumpedfromthestartingplaceonalittlespaceship,thenIbeganmyperformance.AtthecorrectmomentItriedtoopenmyparachute（降落傘）buttherewasaproblem.Itonlyopenedalittle.IbegantofallfasterandfastersothatIcouldnotturn,dive,circleordance.MyheartstoppedbeatingasIlandedheavilyonamountaincoveredwithsnow.

ThisiswhyIamwritingtoyoufrommyhospitalbedwithtwobrokenlegsandaweakhead.IdidnotwinanythingattheOlympicsafterall.Ineedthefactorytobuildmetwonewlegsandanevenbiggerhead.ThenIwillbeabletocompeteoncemore.Let'shopeforgreatersuccessinthenextOlympics!（1）WeiHuafinished_________inthe78thOlympicshighflyingsport.A.

first

B.

second

C.

third

D.

fourth（2）Whydidn'tWeiHuafeelsoconfidentabouthimselfbeforethisyear'sgame?A.

Hisprogrammerwassick.B.

Hehadagreatpaininhisleg.C.

Hehimselffellillbeforetheywereleaving.D.

Hecouldn'tmeetrobotsfromothercountries.（3）AccordingtoParagraph3,howmanyreasonsledtoWeiHua'sfailureinthecompetition?A.

One.

B.

Two.

C.

Three.

D.

Four.（4）HowisWeiHuafeelingnow?A.

Fullofhope.

B.

Unsureabouthimself.C.

Heart-broken.

D.

Satisfiedwithhisresultthisyear.【答案】（1）B（2）A（3）C（4）A【解析】【分析】主要講了23世紀(jì)的運(yùn)動(dòng)機(jī)器人魏華參加今年奧運(yùn)會(huì)時(shí)失敗了，希望自己得到改善后能夠在下次奧運(yùn)會(huì)取得成就。（1）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)LasttimeItookpartinthe78thOlympicsandIwonthesilvermedalformyperformance.可知魏華贏得了銀獎(jiǎng)，即第二名，故選B。（2）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)However,myprogrammerfellilltheweekbeforewewereleaving.ItwasverypainfulforherandIfeltveryscared.Ididn'tfeelsoconfidentthatIwouldwin.可知程序員生病了，所以魏華是不自信的，故選A。（3）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)myprogrammerfellilltheweekbeforewewereleaving.ItwasverypainfulforherandIfeltveryscared.Ididn'tfeelsoconfidentthatIwouldwin.Thedayofthecompetitionwasrathercoldformylegsandmyspecialoilbegantofreeze.AtthecorrectmomentItriedtoopenmyparachute（降落傘）buttherewasaproblem.Itonlyopenedalittle.可知程序員生病了，所以讓魏華不自信；比賽那天天氣是寒冷的，魏華的油開(kāi)始結(jié)冰；降落傘僅僅開(kāi)了一點(diǎn)，三個(gè)原因讓魏華比賽失敗，故選C。（4）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)Let'shopeforgreatersuccessinthenextOlympics!希望下一屆奧運(yùn)會(huì)取得更大的成功，可知魏華是充滿(mǎn)希望的，故選A。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解，主要考查細(xì)節(jié)題，注意從文中仔細(xì)尋找答案。3．閱讀理解

JohnBrown,anofficeworker,livesinWashington.Heinherited$1,000,000afterhisparentsdied.Hedidn'tfeelhappyatall.Hiscollegefriendswerelookingfortheirfirstjobs,buthedidn'thaveto.Johndecidedtokeeplivingasimplelifelikeeveryoneelse.Hedidn'ttellanyofhisfriendsandgave$100,000ofhismoneytoacharitythathelpedpoorchildren.Todayheis36,andhestillwearscheapclothesanddrivesasmallcaronly,butheismuchhappier.

Sofar,Johnhashelped15childrenfrompoorcountriesallovertheworld,$200amonthforeach.Thechilddoesnotreceivethemoneyincash（現(xiàn)金）.Themoneyispaidforthechild'seducation,food,medicalcareandclothing.Johnreceivesareporteachyearonthechild'sprogress.Theycanwritetoeachother,butusuallythechildrendonotspeakEnglish.

OnceJohnwenttomeetalittlegirlhewashelpinginAfrica.Hesaidthatthemeetingwasexciting."WhenImether,Ifeltveryhappy.Hesaid."Isawthatthemoneywasusedforaverygoodplan.Itbroughtmeclosertothechildinawaythatonlygivingmoneycannot.""IwanttodoeverythingIcan.Iwillgoonhelpingthosechildreninneed."headded.（1）Johnislivinga

life.A.

poor

B.

simple

C.

hard

D.

rich（2）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"inherited"meaninChinese?A.

繼承

B.

撿拾

C.

饋贈(zèng)

D.

賺?。?）Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisTRUE?A.

Thechildcanreceivethemoneyincash.B.

JohnonlyhelpsthepoorchildreninAfrica.C.

Johnhasneverseenthechildrenheishelping.D.

Johnhashelped15childrenfromdifferentcountries.（4）WhydidJohnthinkthemeetingwiththelittlegirlwasveryexciting?A.

BecausethegirlcamefromAfrica.B.

BecausethegirlcouldspeakEnglish.C.

Becausehesawthemoneywaswellused.D.

Becausehethoughthehadgivenmoneytothegirl.（5）Wherecanyouprobablyreadthispassage?A.

Inanewspaper.

B.

Inasciencereport.

C.

Inanovel.

D.

Inanad.【答案】（1）B（2）A（3）D（4）C（5）A【解析】【分析】短文大意：文章講述了JohnBrown繼承了父母的財(cái)產(chǎn)后，過(guò)著簡(jiǎn)單的生活，容納后捐錢(qián)做慈善去幫助窮孩子。（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Johndecidedtokeeplivingasimplelifelikeeveryoneelse約翰決定像其他人一樣過(guò)簡(jiǎn)樸的生活。故選B。（2）詞意猜測(cè)題．根據(jù)Heinherited$1，000，000afterhisparentsdied.他父母去世后繼承了100萬(wàn)英鎊.可知inherite意思是繼承,故選A。（3）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Sofar,Johnhashelped15childrenfrompoorcountriesallovertheworld，到目前為止，約翰已經(jīng)幫助了世界上15個(gè)貧窮國(guó)家的兒童。選D。（4）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)

"Isawthatthemoneywasusedforaverygoodplan."我看到錢(qián)被用于一個(gè)非常好的計(jì)劃．可知是因?yàn)橐驗(yàn)樗吹藉X(qián)用得很好。故選C。（5）文章出處題。根據(jù)文章講述了JohnBrown繼承了父母的財(cái)產(chǎn)后幫助窮孩子的事，可知是從報(bào)紙上可以看到。故選A?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】此題考查閱讀理解。文章涉及到細(xì)節(jié)理解題，詞意猜測(cè)題和文章出處題。對(duì)于細(xì)節(jié)理解題，要從文章的細(xì)節(jié)中找出問(wèn)題的答案。對(duì)于詞意猜測(cè)題，要根據(jù)上下文的聯(lián)系推測(cè)劃線(xiàn)部分的詞在文章的意思。對(duì)于文章的出處題要根據(jù)文章的內(nèi)容確定。4．閱讀理解

Eachyear,theUSSocialSecurityAdministration（美國(guó)社會(huì)保障局）releasesalistofthemostpopularbabynamesoftheyear.NearlyeveryUScitizenisregistered（登記）withtheorganization,makingiteasytocreateanaccurate（精確的）list.

Thelistreflectschangesinsocietyandcultureovertheyears.Forexample,namessuchasDorothyandMargaret（forgirls）andHaroldandWalter（forboys）werepopularinthe1910s.Butthesedays,thesenamesareconsideredtobeold-fashioned.Someevenrefertothemas"oldpeoplenames".OtherexamplesofthesenamesincludeGladysandEthel（forgirls）andHowardandClarence（forboys）.

Thelistalsoshowswhichnamesaremostcommonduringacertaindecade.Forexample,inthe1980s—whenIwasborn—themostcommonnamewasMichael.Ithappenstobemyname.

Butsomemoreunusualnameshaveincreasedinpopularityinrecentyears.From2016to2017,thenames"Wells"and"Kairo"（forboys）and"Ensley"and"Oaklynn"（forgirls）allbecamemorepopular.Butthesenamesarestillquiterarecomparedwithmorecommonnames.

Evenpopculturecaninfluencehowpopularnamesbecome.Forexample,thename"Isabella"sawahugejumpinpopularityin2009.ThiswasbecauseofthesuccessoftheTwilightfilmseries,inwhichoneofthemaincharactersisnamedIsabella.Butit'sordinarynameslikeJohnandJanethathavealwaysbeenpopularandprobablyalwayswillbe.（1）WhatdoweknowabouttheUSSocialSecurityAdministration?A.

Itreleasesalistofpopularbabynamesonceayear.B.

Itisaspecialorganizationthatstudiespopularnames.C.

Itdecidesonthemostpopularbabynames.D.

Thelistthatitreleasesisnotveryaccurate.（2）Whyaresomenameslike"Gladys"called"oldpeoplenames"?A.

Becausetheyhavebeenpopularforalongtime.B.

Becauseyoungpeopleneverhavethesenames.C.

Becausetheywerepopularmanydecadesago.D.

Becausetheyarepreferredbytheelderly.（3）TheunderlinedwordrareinParagraph4mostprobablymeans_________.A.

fashionable

B.

popular

C.

old-fashioned

D.

unusual（4）Whatdoweknowfromthestory?A.

PeopleintheUSusuallypicknamesfortheirkidsfromalist.B.

Rarenamescan'tbesopopularascommonnames.C.

"Wells"hasbecomealesspopularnamesince2016.D.

Commonnamescanalwaysbepopularforalongertime.【答案】（1）A（2）C（3）D（4）D【解析】【分析】本文主要介紹美國(guó)社會(huì)保障局每年都會(huì)公布一份今年美國(guó)最受歡迎的嬰兒名字的清單。以及這份名單反映了多年來(lái)社會(huì)和文化的變化；還顯示了在特定的十年中最常見(jiàn)的名字；但近年來(lái)，一些更不尋常的名字越來(lái)越受歡；即使是流行文化也會(huì)影響流行的名字。（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中第一段第一句Eachyear,theUSSocialSecurityAdministrationreleasesalistofthemostpopularbabynamesoftheyear.可以得知，美國(guó)社會(huì)保障局每年都會(huì)發(fā)布一份年度最受歡迎嬰兒名字的名單。故選A。（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章中第二段第二句namessuchasDorothyandMargaret（forgirls）andHaroldandWalter（forboys）werepopularinthe1910s.可以得知這些名字之所以被稱(chēng)之為老人們的名字是因?yàn)檫@些名字在20世紀(jì)是最受歡迎的名字。故選C。（3）詞義猜測(cè)題。

根據(jù)Butsomemoreunusualnameshaveincreasedinpopularityinrecentyears.From2016to2017,thenames"Wells"and"Kairo"（forboys）and"Ensley"and"Oaklynn"（forgirls）allbecamemorepopular.一些更不尋常的名字越來(lái)越受歡迎。由but，但是，表示轉(zhuǎn)折，與更常見(jiàn)的名字相比，也就是很少用。A：fashionable時(shí)尚的；B：popular受歡迎的；C：old-fashioned不時(shí)尚的；D：unusual不常用。故選D。（4）推理判斷題。從文章最后一段最后一句it'sordinarynameslikeJohnandJanethathavealwaysbeenpopularandprobablyalwayswillbe.可以得知像John和Jane這樣的名字一直很受歡迎，而且可能會(huì)一直很受歡迎。故選D?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解。要求考生對(duì)文章通讀一遍，做題時(shí)結(jié)合原文和題目有針對(duì)性的找出相關(guān)語(yǔ)句進(jìn)行仔細(xì)分析，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)選出正確答案。推理判斷題也是要在抓住關(guān)鍵句子的基礎(chǔ)上合理的分析才能得出正確答案，切忌胡亂猜測(cè)，一定要做到有理有據(jù)。5．閱讀理解

Therearesomeeasythingsyoucandotoprotecttheenvironmentandtheearth.Chooseideasfromthelistorcomeupwithafewofyourown.

·Plantflowers,grassortrees.

·Wheneveryouvisitaparkorbeach,takeawaywhatyoubringthere-keeprubbishinabaguntilyoucanputitinadustbin.

·Turnoffthelights,TVsetswhenyouleavetheroom.Thissavesalotofelectricity.

·Turnoffthetapwhenyoubrushyourteeth.Youcansavesomewaterbynotlettingitrun.Also,useaglasscupinsteadofapapercupbecausethissavespaper.

·Keepthedoorsandwindowsclosedinwintertokeepcoldairin.

·Giveyouroldbooksandmagazinestoalibraryinsteadofthrowingthemaway.

·Giveyouroldclothestopoorchildrenyouknowinsteadofthrowingthemaway.

·Usebothsidesofpaper.

·Stoppouringdirtywaterintotheriversorlakesnearby.

·Encourageallyourfriendstodothesamethingsyoudotohelpprotecttheearth.

Youdon'thavetowaituntilEarthDaytodothesethings.MakeeverydayEarthDay.

Ifeveryonemakesacontributiontoprotectingtheenvironment,theworldwillbecomemuchmorebeautiful.（1）Fromtheabove,weknowthatthisis

.A.

asign

B.

aproposal（倡議書(shū)）

C.

anadvertisement

D.

anotice（2）Thewritertellsus

.A.

toprotecttheenvironmentinmanywaysB.

topourdirtywaterintotheriversC.

tosavewateronlybynotlettingitrunwhilebrushingourteethD.

thatwecan'tdoallthesethingsuntilEarthDay（3）Wecan

tosavepaper.A.

useapapercup

B.

usebothsidesofpaperC.

giveoldbookstoalibrary

D.

pickupwastepaperataschool（4）WhichofthefollowingisWRONGaccordingtothewriter?A.

Turnoffthelightswhenyouleavetheroom.B.

Closethedoorsandwindowsinwinter.C.

Useapapercupwhenyoubrushyourteeth.D.

Giveyouroldclothestothepoorchildren.（5）What'sthebesttitleofthepassage?A.

ProtecttheEarth

B.

SaveWaterandElectricityC.

MakeBetterUseofOldThings

D.

SaveMoney【答案】（1）B（2）A（3）B（4）C（5）A【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章講述了如何保護(hù)環(huán)境的幾種方法。（1）主旨大意題，根據(jù)Ifeveryonemakesacontributiontoprotectingtheenvironment,theworldwillbecomemuchmorebeautiful.可知，這篇文章是一份倡議書(shū)，故答案是B（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)Therearesomeeasythingsyoucandotoprotecttheenvironmentandtheearth.可知保護(hù)環(huán)境有好多方法。故答案是A。（3）細(xì)節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)Usebothsidesofpaper.用紙的兩面，可知通過(guò)這種辦法可以節(jié)約用紙。故答案是B。（4）細(xì)節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)

·Turnoffthetapwhenyoubrushyourteeth.Youcansavesomewaterbynotlettingitrun.Also,useaglasscupinsteadofapapercupbecausethissavespaper.可知，刷牙的時(shí)候不要使用一次性的杯子，應(yīng)使用玻璃杯子，因此C的敘述是錯(cuò)誤的。故答案是C。（5）標(biāo)題判斷題題，文章從很多方面說(shuō)了怎么做才能保護(hù)我們的環(huán)境，因此本文的標(biāo)題應(yīng)該是保護(hù)環(huán)境。故答案是A。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解，本題涉及到了主旨大意題，細(xì)節(jié)理解題和標(biāo)題判斷題，主旨大意題需要充分理解短文，提煉出文章的中心思想，從而得到答案。細(xì)節(jié)理解題比較簡(jiǎn)單，一般可以從文中直接找到答案，而標(biāo)題判斷題則需要在主旨題的基礎(chǔ)上凝練句子，確定文章的標(biāo)題。6．閱讀理解

OnedayanAmericancalledSimonwenttoLondontovisithisfriend.Ricktoldhimthathisflatwasonthefirstfloor.Whenhearrived,Simonwentstraighttothefirstfloorofthebuilding.ButhewastoldthattherewasnoRickonthatfloor.Doyouknowwhy?

Infact,theBritishcallthefirstfloorofabuildingthegroundfloor.Thefloorabovethegroundflooristhefirstfloor,whichAmericanswouldcallthesecondfloor.

ThestoryshowsthatthereareafewculturedifferencesbetweenBritainandAmerica,thoughtheBritishandAmericansbothspeakEnglish.

TheBritishusuallyhidetheirfeelings.Theyseldomstartaconversationwithstrangers.Forexample,onthetraintheBritishoftenspendtheirtimereadingnewspapersorbooks.ButAmericansarequitedifferent.They'remoreactiveandeasiertotalkwith.

TheBritishandAmericansmayusedifferenttermsformanythings.TheBritishusuallyusefootball,eraserandmailwhileAmericansprefertousesoccer,rubberandpost.（1）SimonwenttoLondonto

.A.

visithisfriend

B.

spendhisholiday

C.

studyEnglish

D.

haveameeting（2）WhichpictureshowsuswhereRick'sflatwas?A.

B.

C.

D.

（3）Accordingtothepassage,theBritishusuallyspendtheirtime

onthetrain.A.

playingcards

B.

talkingloudly

C.

doingsomereading

D.

singinganddancing（4）What'sthebesttitleforthepassage?A.

DifferencesinCulture

B.

Simon'sFunnyStoryC.

InformationAbroad

D.

HidingtheFeelings【答案】（1）A（2）B（3）C（4）A【解析】【分析】文章大意：通過(guò)實(shí)例說(shuō)明英國(guó)和美國(guó)之間有一些文化差異，盡管英國(guó)和美國(guó)都講英語(yǔ)。（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中的語(yǔ)句

OnedayanAmericancalledSimonwenttoLondontovisithisfriend.

可知，Simon到倫敦去拜訪(fǎng)朋友，故選A。（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中的語(yǔ)句

Infact,theBritishcallthefirstfloorofabuildingthegroundfloor.Thefloorabovethegroundflooristhefirstfloor,whichAmericanswouldcallthesecondfloor.理解可知，Rick在二樓，故選B。（3）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中的語(yǔ)句Forexample,onthetraintheBritishoftenspendtheirtimereadingnewspapersorbooks.英國(guó)人喜歡在火車(chē)上讀書(shū)，故選C。（4）理解歸納題。根據(jù)文中的語(yǔ)句ThestoryshowsthatthereareafewculturedifferencesbetweenBritainandAmerica,thoughtheBritishandAmericansbothspeakEnglish.理解可知，不同的國(guó)家風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣也不一樣，故選A。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解。本文主要考查細(xì)節(jié)理解題，首先仔細(xì)閱讀文后的問(wèn)題，弄清問(wèn)題的大意；然后帶著問(wèn)題閱讀短文，抓住關(guān)鍵信息，選擇正確答案。7．閱讀理解

Asyougrowolder,you'llbefacedwithsomechallengingdecisions-likewhethertocutclassortrycigarettes.Makingdecisionsonyourownishardenough,butwhenotherpeopletakepartinandtrytopressureyouonewayoranotheritcanbeevenharder.Peoplewhoareyourage,likeyourclassmates,arecalledpeers.Whentheytrytoinfluencehowyouact,togetyoutodosomething,it'scalledpeerpressure.

Peerscanhaveapositiveinfluenceoneachother.Maybeanotherstudentinyourscienceclasstaughtyouaneasywaytoremembertheplanetsinthesolarsystem（太陽(yáng)系）.Maybeyougotothersexcitedaboutyournewfavoritebook,andnoweveryone'sreadingit.Theseareexamplesofhowpeerspositivelyinfluenceeachother.

Sometimespeersinfluenceeachotherinnegativeways.Forexample,afewkidsinschoolmighttrytogetyoutocutclasswiththem.Yoursoccerfriendmighttrytoconvince（使信服）youtobemeantoanotherplayerandneverpasshimtheball.

Itistoughtobetheonlyonewhosays"no"topeerpressure,butyoucandoit.Payingattentiontoyourownfeelingsandbeliefsaboutwhatisrightandwrongcanhelpyouknowtherightthingtodo.

You'veprobablyhadaparentorteacheradvisingyouto"chooseyourfriendswisely."Peerpressureisabigreasonwhytheysaythis.Ifyouchoosefriendswhodon'tcutclass,smokecigarettes,orlietotheirparents,thenyouprobablywon'tdothesethingseither,evenifotherkidsdo.

Ifyoucontinuetofacepeerpressureandyou'refindingitdifficulttodealwith,talktosomeoneyoutrust.Don'tfeelguilty（內(nèi)疚）ifyou'vemadeamistakeortwo.（1）Whatdoestheword"him"inboldinParagraph3referto?A.

Anotherplayer.

B.

Yoursoccerfriend.

C.

Yourfather.

D.

Yourteacher.（2）Theunderlinedword"tough"inParagraph4isclosestinmeaningto

.A.

difficult

B.

wise

C.

helpful

D.

impolite（3）Whichoffollowingmayhelpdealwithpeerpressure?A.

Spendingmoretimewithclassmates.

B.

Takingupmorerelaxinghobbies.C.

Choosingfriendswithnobadhabits.

D.

Helpingotherswhoareintrouble.（4）Whichofthefollowingshowsthestructure（結(jié)構(gòu)）ofthepassage?（P=Paragraph）A.

B.

C.

D.

（5）Forwhomisthepassagemostprobablywritten?A.

Students.

B.

Parents.

C.

Teachers.

D.

Doctors.【答案】（1）A（2）A（3）C（4）A（5）A【解析】【分析】主要講了影響學(xué)生行為的同輩壓力。（1）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)Yoursoccerfriendmighttrytoconvince（使信服）youtobemeantoanotherplayerandneverpasshimtheball.可知足球朋友努力使你相信對(duì)另一個(gè)運(yùn)動(dòng)員刻薄，不把球傳給另一個(gè)運(yùn)動(dòng)員，所以him指的是另一個(gè)運(yùn)動(dòng)員，故選A。（2）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)Itistoughtobetheonlyonewhosays"no"topeerpressure,butyoucandoit.可知對(duì)那些拒絕同輩壓力的人是困難的，所以tough意思是困難的，即difficult，故選A。（3）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)You'veprobablyhadaparentorteacheradvisingyouto"chooseyourfriendswisely."可知建議你明智選擇朋友，即選擇沒(méi)有壞習(xí)慣的，故選C。（4）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)全文可知第一段總結(jié)，2-3段介紹同輩壓力的影響，4-6介紹解決方法，故選A。（5）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)Peoplewhoareyourage,likeyourclassmates,arecalledpeers.可知講的是同學(xué)，即學(xué)生，故選A。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解，主要考查細(xì)節(jié)題，注意從文中仔細(xì)尋找答案。8．閱讀理解

Differentcountrieshavedifferentcustoms.Whenyouareindifferentcountries,youshouldfollowtheircustoms.

InChina,it'simpolitetotalkwheneatingdinner.Andyou'renotsupposedtostarteatingfirstifthereareolderpeopleatthetable.VeryoftenpeoplewhotraveltotheUnitedStatesforgettotip（付小費(fèi)）.Itisusualtotipwaiters,taxidriversandporterswhohelpcarryyourbags.Waitersexpecttogeta15%tiponthecostofyourmeal.Taxidriversexpectaboutthesameamount.

InEngland,makesuretostandinlineevenifthereareonlytwoofyou.It'simportanttorespect（尊重）linesthere.It'sagoodideatotalkabouttheweather.It'safavoritesubjectofconversationwiththeBritish.

InSpain（西班牙）,it'sagoodideatohavealightmealintheafternoonifsomeoneinvitesyoufordinner.Peoplehavedinnerverylate,andrestaurantsdonotgenerallyopenuntilafter9:00p.m.

InSaudiArabia（沙特阿拉伯）,menkissoneanotheronthecheek.Yourhostmaywelcomeyouwithakissonbothcheeks.Itispoliteofyoutodothesame.

InJapan,peopleusuallygivepersonalorbusinesscardstoeachotherwhentheymeetforthefirsttime.Whenapersongivesyouacard,don'tputitintoyourpocket（口袋）assoonasyougetit.Thepersonexpectsyoutoreadit.

Don'tforgettobecarefulaboutyourbodylanguagetoexpresssomethinginconversations.Akindofbodylanguagethatisacceptableinoneculturemaybeimpoliteinanother.（1）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"porters"meaninChinese？A.

搬運(yùn)工

B.

水電工

C.

建筑工

D.

環(huán)衛(wèi)工（2）IfyoutraveltotheUS,andyouspend$200onataxirideand$320onameal,youaresupposedtotipintotal.A.

$520

B.

$78

C.

$156

D.

$60（3）WhichofthefollowingisTRUE？A.

YouareexpectedtokissyourhostonthecheekinJapan.B.

Generally,restaurantsdon'tofferdinnerafter9:00p.m.inSpain.C.

It'simpolitetoeatfirstifthereareolderpeopleatthetableinChina.D.

Youdon'tneedtostandinlineiftherearetwopeoplewaitingforabusinEngland.（4）Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout？A.

Wheretotravel.B.

Howtotipindifferentcountries.C.

Whentousebodylanguage.D.

Customsindifferentcountries.【答案】（1）A（2）B（3）C（4）D【解析】【分析】本文介紹不同的國(guó)家有不同的習(xí)俗。當(dāng)你在不同的國(guó)家時(shí)，你應(yīng)該遵循他們的習(xí)俗。（1）詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)whohelpcarryyourbags幫你搬東西的人可知，porters是搬運(yùn)工的意思，故選A。（2）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)服務(wù)員希望得到15%的餐費(fèi)小費(fèi)。出租車(chē)司機(jī)期望大約相同的數(shù)額服務(wù)員希望得到15%的餐費(fèi)小費(fèi)。出租車(chē)司機(jī)期望大約相同的數(shù)額可知，如果你去美國(guó)旅行，坐出租車(chē)花200美元，吃飯花320美元，你應(yīng)該總共付小費(fèi)是（200+320）*20%=78美元，故選B。（3）推理題。根據(jù)you'renotsupposedtostarteatingfirstifthereareolderpeopleatthetable如果餐桌上有老年人，你不應(yīng)該先吃飯可知，如果中國(guó)的餐桌上有老年人，先吃飯是不禮貌的正確，故選C。（4）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)本文介紹不同的國(guó)家有不同的習(xí)俗。當(dāng)你在不同的國(guó)家時(shí)，你應(yīng)該遵循他們的習(xí)俗可知，文章主要講述不同國(guó)家的風(fēng)俗，故選D。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解。本文涉及細(xì)節(jié)題、推斷題，詞義猜測(cè)題和主旨題四種常考題型，細(xì)節(jié)題要注意從文中尋找答案；推斷題需要聯(lián)系上下文，推斷出需要的信息，詞義猜測(cè)題需要根據(jù)上下文提煉相關(guān)信息鎖定詞意，主旨題需要通讀全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。9．閱讀理解

"ThedaywillbethemostmemorableinthehistoryofAmerica,"wroteJohnAdamsin1776."Peoplewillhonoritwithparades,fireworksandcelebrations,"headded.

Since1776,AmericanshavecelebratedJuly4asthecountry'sIndependenceDay.SeveralearlypresidentsoftheUnitedStatesdiedonJuly4.TheyincludeJohnAdams,whobecamethesecondpresident.AdamsandThomasJefferson,thecountry'sthirdpresident,bothdiedonthecountry's50thanniversaryofIndependenceDay.JamesMonroe,thefifthUSpresident,diedonJuly4,1831.Andthe30thpresident,CalvinCoolidge,wasbornonJuly4.

MostAmericanscelebrateIndependenceDaywithbarbecues,paradesandfireworks.Butafewcelebratebyeatingallthehotdogstheycan,Sincetheearly1970s,arestaurantcalledNathan'sFamoushasorganizedacompetitiontoseewhocaneatthemosthotdogsinashorttime.In10years,JoeyChestnuthaswonthemen'scontestninetimes,In2016,hesetarecordatthecompetitionbyeating70hotdogsin10minutes.The2016women'swinner,MikiSudo,haswonineachofthepastthreeyears.In2016,sheate38andahalfhotdogs.SudoandChestnuteachwona$10,000prize.

Let'sgobacktothosefireworks,probablythemostcommonimagerelatedtoIndependenceDay.Americansreallylovefireworks.Wheredomanyofourfireworkscomefrom?

.Bytheway,wealsoimportmostofourAmericanflagsfromChina,too.（1）SomepresidentsdiedonJuly4EXCEPT____________.A.

JohnAdams

B.

ThomasJefferson

C.

JamesMonroe

D.

CalvinCoolidge（2）SomeAmericanscelebrateIndependenceDaybyeating____________.A.

hotdogs.

B.

noodles

C.

dumplings

D.

hamburgers（3）Whichofthefollowingcanbeputintotheblank?A.

England

B.

China

C.

France

D.

Germany（4）Whichofthefollowi