Unitl

Keys:l.C2.D3.A4.B5.C

Whilethemaniswonderingwhythewomanissuddenlygetting

excellentmarks,shesaysshereadanarticleonstudyingand

remembering.Ittalksaboutprincipleslike“Mental

Visualizationv,thatis,creatingapictureinone,smindof

whatistoberemembered.Thisremindsthemanoftheprinciple

of“Association”,whichmeansconnectingwhatonewantsto

rememberwithsomethingoneisfamiliarwith.Thenthewoman

addstheprincipleof“Consolidation”,orreviewingone,s

notesafterclassandabsorbingthenewmaterialintowhatone

hasalreadylearned.Whenthemanpromisetostudy16hoursa

day,thewomanrecommendstheprincipleof“Distributed

Practice”,whichfavorsshorterstudysessionsdistributed

overseveraldays.Finally,thewomantellsthemanthatmemory

islikeamuscle,andthatitneedsexercise.

Keys:FTFFF

Keys:1A2.C3.D4.B5.D

Toremembertheitemstobuysatthegrocerystoresuchas

carrots,eggs,bananas,andmilkImagesthatyoumayhelp:

1.agiantcarrotandabananahangingfromit

2.agiantmilkcartonpouringmilkoverthecarrotandbanana

3.anegg-shapedUFOflyingacrossthesky

TofindyourlostkeysAssociationswithsoundtouchthat

mayhelp:

1.Thesoundofthekeysmightremindyouofhavingplacedthen

inadrawer.

2.Thecoldtouchofthekeysmightremindyouoftheminyour

jacket.

Keys:l.A2.B3.D4.D5.C

Thisisatruestory,whilehappenedtofriendsofoursina

smalltowninSouthAfrica.Theywereahospitablecouplewho

oftenentertainedtheirneighborsfordrinks,teaordinner.

Onthisparticularspringnight,theyhaveinvitedaretired

professortosuper.Duringtheevening,itbegantopourwith

rain,andtheheavensreallyopened.Becausehehadwalkedthere,

theyofferedtoputhimupforthenight.Theypointedoutthat

bystayingovernight,hedidnotneedtogotooutinthebad

weather.Heagreedonthesoundnessofthatidea,thankedhis

hostsprofusely,andthematterseemedtobesettled.Butwhile

theywerewashingthedishesaftersupper,theforgetful

professordisappeared.Noonecouldfindhimanywhere.

Eventually,after40minutes,thefrontdoorbellrang.There

wastheprofessor,soakedtotheskin.Whenhewasaskedwhat

onearthhehasbeendongintherain,herepliedthatbecause

hewasgoingtostaythereovernight,hehadgonehometoget

hispajamasandtoothbrush.

ArecentartexhibitioninFloridahonoredtheanimaloftenseen

asman'smostintelligentfriend,thedolphin.

TheuDolphinsonParadevexhibitionintheFloridaKeys

featuredlife-sizeddecoratesdolphinpaintingsmadeofwood

andthecostofmaterials.Thedolphinswereshownatarea

businessandalongthebeach.SponsorspaidU.S.$750tocover

theartistsJfeeandthecostofmaterials.

Thereweremorethan100dolphinthemes,includingabeer-belly

dolphin.Theyshowedtheworkoflocalartists,aswellasthe

beachatmospheretheKeysarefamousfor.

Probablythemostuniquewasspecialbecauseofitsartist,

Pandora.Pandorathedolphinpainterisareadolphin,artthe

DolphinResearchcenter,inMarathon,Florida.Theplayful

artiststreakscolorsacrossadolphinpaintingholdingabrush

initsmouth.

Unit2

Keys:l.C2.D3.B4.D5.A

SeeingthatJennyhasboughtthebooksforthebiologyclass,

Harrisonsaysnobodydoesmuchonthefirstdaybecauseit's

stilladd-drop,whichmeansstudentsare****

fromclasstoclass.Jennyknowstheprofessorisreallygood.

ButHarrisonwarnsherthattheprofessorisgood,onlyif

studentsarehand-workers,forheexpectsalot.

Afterclass,Jennyadmitsthathalfofwhattheprofessorsaid

wentoverherhead,andHarrisonassuresherthatalotofwhat

theprofessorsaidisexplainedinthereading.

WhenJennyaskstoborrowHarrisonnotes,hesays“onproblem”,

fortheydon'thaveclassuntilWednesday.Finally,Harrison

saysparticipationinthediscussionattheseminarisan

importantpartoftheeducationthere.

Keys:TFFFT

Keys:IB2.C3.D4.A5.D

Educatorsjustwanttogivestandardizedtests.Theyonlyfocus

onacademicperformancebutneglectstudents'abilitiesand

interestsinotherareas.Kidsloseinterestinlearning.

Educatorsoftenexertalotofpressureonstudentstobeas

wel1-roundedaspossible.Someintelligentkidscan*tenter

goodcolleges.

"Weak"studentsareseparatedfromtherestoftheschool.

Theirgradesgofrombadtoworse.

Keys:l.B2.A3.C4.D5.D

Atauniversity,therewerefoursophomorestakingachemistry

course.Theyweredoingsowellonallthequizzes,midterms,

labs,thateachhad"A"sofarforthesemester.

Thesefourfriendsweresoconfidentthatontheweekendbefore

finals,theydecidedtogouptotheUniversityofVirginiaand

partywithsomefriendsthere.Theyhadagreattime,butafter

alltheheartypartying,theysleptalldaySundayanddidn't

makeitbacktoschooluntilearlyMondaymorning.

Ratherthantakingthefinalthen,theydecidedtofindtheir

professorafterthefinalexamandexplaintohimwhythey

missedit.Theyexplainedthattheyhadplannedtocomeback

intimeforthefinalexam,but,unfortunately,theyhadaflat

tireonthewayback,didn'thaveaspare,andcouldn5tget

helpforalongtime.Asaresult,theymissedthefinal.

Theprofessorthoughtitoverandthenagreedtheycouldmake

upthefinalthefollowingday.Theguyswererelievedand

elated.Thenextday,theprofessorplacedtheminseparateroom,

handeachofthematestbooklet,andtoldthemtobegin.

Theytookatthefirstproblem,worthfivepoints.Itwasa

simplequestiononachemicalreaction."Cool,“theythought

atthesametime,eachoneinhisseparateroom,“Thisisgoing

tobeeasy."Eachfinishedtheproblemandthenturnedthe

page.

Onthesecondpagewasaquestionworth95points:"Whichof

thetireswasflat?”

Whatgoesintoaprince,seducationtoday?ForBritain's

PrinceWilliam,natureplayedanimportantroleinhis

educationthislastwinter,asthefuturekingwentona10-week

expeditioninChilewithRaleighInternational.

Theexperiencewasaverydifferentonefortheprince.He

kayakedinoceanfjords,trackedararedeer,andwasstranded

onabeachduringastorm.

Healsogotusedtosleepingontheground—attimesinaroom

filledwith16people-andlivinginsimpleconditions.

Thosewhotookpart,called“volunteers”,bothcontributed

andlearned.Theprincehelpedlocalsbuildwoodedwalkwaysand

buildings,andtaughtEnglishtoschoolchildren.

Hewasdescribedbyothervolunteersashardworking,humble,

andlaid-back.Asonesaid,“Hestruckareallygoodbalance

betweenworkinghardandhavingfun…gettingonwitheveryone,

andtakingontheteamspirit.”

Theprincesaidhelikedbeingtreatedasan“equal“byother

volunteer,whocamefromallwalksoflife.Around20percent

werefromproblembackgrounds,somehavinghadtroubleswith

drugsorcrime.

Itseemsthatthere'salotmoretoeducationthanuniversity

andbooks,andtheChileanforestsanda1ittlecontactwith

regularpeoplemaydoalotofaBritishprince.

Unit3

Keys:l.C2.A3.B4.C5.D

Afterthirteenyearsmarriage,thewomanwantstodivorceher

husband,claimingheisirresponsible.Whenaskedforthe

specificgroundsfordivorce,shegivesthesereasons:First,

hekeepschangingjobs,andthefamilyhashadtomovefourtimes

inthirteenyears,butshewantsstabilityforherchildrenand

herself.Second,althoughheispayingthebills,theyjustlive

aroundthepoverty1ine.Herchildrenarebeingteasedbyother

chiIdrenfornotdressinggoodclothes.Also,theyhadtolive

inasmallapartmentanddriveanoldcar,thoughitstillruns.

Worsestill,thehusbandyellsather,thoughsheadmitsshe

alsoyel1athimandcallshimnames.Asforthedivorce

arrangements,thewomanwillgivethehusbandonlyvisitation

rightsinsteadofjointcustody.Moreover,thewomanwill

demandhalfofalltheyhaveandlargesupportpayments.

Keys:FTFFT

Keys:IC2.A3.B4.B5.B

Fortwoyearsaftermydivorce,remarriagewasthelastword

I'dconsider.1.Highrateofremarriagefailure.

2.Remarriagewouldaffectmyson.

①Hedrewapictureofthethreeofus.

②MyparentsmarriedanddivorcedeighttimesandIhopemy

sonwouldhavenosuchpain.

③Myprimaryfocuswasmyson,notawife.

Iignoredmyson'ssuggestionthatIconsiderdating.He

grewupandbecameconsciousofmylonelinessandanxiety.

Ireconsideredmreservationaboutdatingandbegantodate

MariaThesecondtimehebroughttheissueup.

Iwasconcernedaboutmyson'srespondtoher.Atfirsthis

affectionforherwas1ukewarm:hishugwasmechanical;but

severalmonthslaterhewarmeduptoher.

IaskedMariatomarrymeandsheaccepted.Seeingtimewas

ripe.

Ourfamilyoftwobecameafamilyofthree.Ibelievemy

remarryingwastherightchoice.

Keys:1.B2.D3.A4.D5.C

Task2:NuclearFamilyLivingPatterns

Script

Anuclearfamilyistypicalinhigh-industrializedsocieties.

Beginningintheearly20thcentury,thetwo-parentfamily

knownasthenuclearfamilywasthepredominantAmericanfamily

type.Generallychildrenlivewiththeirparentsuntiltheygo

awaytoacollegeoruniversity,oruntiltheyacquiretheir

ownjobsandmoveintotheirownapartmentorhome.

Intheearlymid-20thcentury,thefamilytypicallywasthesole

wageearner,andthemotherwasthechildren'sprinciplecare

giver.Today,oftenbothparentsholdjobs.Dual-earner

familiesarethepredominanttypeforfamilieswithchildren

intheUnitedStates.Increasingly,oneoftheparentshasa

non-standardshift;thatis,ashiftthatdoesnotstartinthe

morningandendinlaterafternoon.Inthesefamilies,oneof

theparentsmanagesthechildrenwhiletheotherworks.

Priortoschool,adequatedaycareofchildrenisnecessaryfor

dual-earnerfamilies.Inrecentyears,manyprivatecompanies

andhome-baseddaycarecentershavesprungupfulfillthisneed.

Increasingly,acompanyJsarrangementofdaycareaswellas

governmentassistancetoparentsrequiringdaycareis

occurring.

Peoplehavelongknownthesaying“Diamondsareagirl'sbest

friend."Butthismaybechanging.There'sanewstoneonthe

gemmarket,tanzanite,anditisgivingdiamondssomeserious

competition.

TanzanitewasoneofanumberofgemsdiscoveredinEastAfrica

inthe1960s.Thenewcolorsandvarietieschangedthegem

market.Buttherealgemamongthesestoneswastanzanite,

discoveredin1967inTanzania.Thestonewasnamedafterits

countryoforiginbyNewYork'sTiffanyandCo.which

introducedittotheworld.Itdrawsone'sattentionquickly

withitscolor—blue,purpleorbronze,dependingonthe

directionitisviewedfrom.

Moreimportantforitsvalue,though,isitsrarity.Tanzanite

hasbeenfoundinonlyonesmallarea,nearMountKilimanjaro,

inTanzania.Anditssupplywillprobablybefullyminedinthe

nexttwodecades.

Asoneminingofficialputsit,“Itshouldneverhavereally

occurredinthefirstplace.Itdidoccur.Andonlythisone

depositonthisentireplanetthatisknown?,,makesitmorethan

athousandtimesrarerthandiamonds.Andcertainlywithinthe

next15to20years,therewillbenomoretanzanitetobe

mined.”

Thecurrentvalueofthetanzanitemarket,atU.S.$10billion,

isequivalenttothatofdiamonds.Andsoanothersaying

“Diamondsareforever“maylosesomeofitsmeaning.

Unit4

Keys:l.C2.D3.A4.C5.B

ThewomanwentfromGuilinCitytotheeastcoastcityofQingdao

toattendcollege.Shewasimpressedbythelatter'sdynamic

economy.Nowsheisbeinginterviewedforajob.Shesaysshe

onceworkedasaninternforasmallshippingcompanyto

maintainthecompanyJstieswiththeexistingcustomersand

trytofindnewcargosources.Thereshelearnedtheimportance

ofcommunicationskills.Shehasrealizedthatbookknowledge

isindeednecessary,butitisequallyessentialtopersuade

potentialclientstotrusther.Herformeremployersaidher

abilitytofindcustomerswasanassettothecompany.He

appreciatedtheloyaltyandteamspirit.Theinterviewerfinds

hermatureforherageandverygoal-oriented.Andshebelieves

thatshehasacquiredmanygoodqualitiesformherparents,but

stillhasalottolearn.

Keys:FTTTFT

Keys:IC2.C3.B4.A5.D

Tipi1.Dosomeresearchonthecompany.

2.Makealistofwhatskillsorknowledgeyouhavethatwould

bevaluabletothem.Findoutwhatproductsitmakes,whoits

customersare,andwhatitsobjectiveis.

Tip2

Takecareoveryourphysicalappearance.(1)Dressright.

Don,twearanythingtooflashy;neatandcleanaremore

importantthanthelatestfashion.

(2)Feelcomfortable.Beingworriedaboutyourappearanceduring

theinterviewwillmakeyounervousandyouwillquicklylose

confidence.

Tip3

Workoutwhattotakewithyou.(1)Prepareacopyofyour

resume,originalsandcopiesofyourqualificationpapers,

copiesofreferences,andsamplesofyourwork.

(2)Makesureeverythingiswellorganizedandneatlypresented.

Keys:l.C2.A3.A4.C5.B

Whenapplyingforajob,especiallyajobyoureallywant.It's

notusuallytofeelnervousandanxious.Sometimesit'sthis

anxiety,notourqualifications,thatkeepsusfromobtaining

ourdreamjob.

Soyoumustovercomeyournervousnessandbuildupconfidence.

Thisofteninvolvestwofactors:onementalandtheother

physical.Mentally,it'simportanttoprepareyourselfforthe

interviewwithoutobsessingoverit.Remember,itmightbeyour

dreamjob,butitwon'tbetheendoftheworldifyoudon't

getit.Tellyourselfthatthecompanywou1dbeluckytoget

you;andiftheychoosesomeoneelse,itwillbetheirloss.

Inessence,youneedtobuildyourself-confidence.Your

abilitytoanswerallquestionswithouthesitationwill

certainlyimpresstheinterviewer.

Nowthatyouarementallyreadyforanyquestionthatmightbe

thrownyourway,it'stimetoworkonyourphysical

presentation.Nomatterwhatpositionyouareapplyingfor,

yourphysicalappearanceattheinterviewwillbeabigfactor

inthefinaldetermination.It'salwaysagoodideatowear

asuit;itdoesn'thavetobeadesignersuit,butsomething

plainandconservative.Donotdresstooinformally.For

example,don'tweararedfashionablejacketforyour

interview.Makesure,too,thatitiscleanandpressed.This

mayseemlikecommonsense,butyou'dbesurprisedhowcareless

someapplicantsare.Whileit,snotnecessarytovisitthe

beautysalonbeforeyourinterview,makesurethatyournai1

arewell-manicured,andyourhairisstyledcarefullyand

neatly.

TheEuropeanFilmAwardsceremonywasheldinPairsinearly

December,honoringthebestinEuropeanandworldfilms.

LarsvonTrier'sDancerintheDarkwastheoverallwinnerof

theevening,receivingawardsforthebestEuropeanfilmand

bestactress—Bjork.

.Theaudienceswasdisappointed,however,asneithervonTrier,

Bjork,northeOscar-winningItaliandirectorRobertoBenign

showeduptoacceptawards.

Still,otherprizewinnersdidcome.TheIrishactorRichard

Harris,whowasgivenanawardforlifetimeachievement,gave

ahumorousthank-youspeechthatwasthehighpointofthe

evening.

Anotherinternationallyknownactor,JeanReno,alsogavean

enthusiasticthank-youspeech.TheFrenchactorreceivedan

awardforEuropeanachievementinworldcinema,forhis

internationalfirmcareer.

OtherVIPsfromaroundEuropealsoattended.Butmostofthe

prizesattheceremony,whichpeoplehavebeencalling”the

EuropeanOscars”,wenttoFrenchfilms.

Therewasoneinternationalfilmaward,whichwenttoa

French-HongKongco-production,WongKorowai'sIntheMoodfor

Love.

Unit5

Keys:1.C2.D3.A4.B5.C

ChrisandNoraaregoingtoareception.Chrisiseagertomaking

newconnections.Asthepartyendsattwo,heintendstohave

allthosebrochuresdistributedbyone-thirty.ButNora

disagrees,sayingthatthosebrochureswillmakehimlooklike

agreenhand.Sheadviseshimjusttohandoutbusinesscard

andleavehisworkatthedoor.ButChriswondershowhecan

getanythingoutofthisifshecan,ttalkbusiness.Tothis,

Norainsiststhatheshouldjustgetacardforacard.Chris

catchesonquicklyandknowsthathecanhandoutbusinesscards

nowandfollowuponMonday.Finally,Norasuggestssplitting

upsothattheycancovermoreground.Chrisfeelsitwillbe

apieceofcakeandpromisetomeetherbackthereattwo.

Keys:FTFFT

Keys:ID2.C3.C4.A5.C

AgeGroupsThetwomostactiveagegroupsinsporting

activitiesarethosebetween18and26yearsoldandthose36-45

yearsold.

SportingActivitiesThesportsthosetwogroups1ikearein

theorderofjoggingskiing,tennis,swimming,cycling.

GenderInthe18-26year-oldgroup,menappeartobeslightly

moreactivethanwoman.

Intheotherthreegroups,womenseemtobemoreactive.

DecisionsBasedontheSurvey

TargetingThe18-26year-oldagegroup

ExpandingThelineofathleticshoes,particularlyjogging

shoesandtennisfootwear

NotneglectingThe46to55agegroup,becausetheyare

becomingmoreconcernedaboutstayingfit

Keys:l.C2.B3.B4.A5.D

Historically,thetermbusinessreferredtoactivitiesor

interests.Byextension,thewordbecame,asrecentlyasthe

18thcentury,synonymouswith“anindividualcommercial

enterprise”.Whenreferringtoactivities,thetermsbusiness

andindustrysometimesappearinterchangeable.Thusa

fishermanmightsayeitherthatheisinthe“fishing

business”,whichisabitcolloquialorthatheworksinthe

“fishingindustry”,whichsoundssomewhatformal.Theword

“trade“mayserveasanequivalentofboth“business”and

“industry”.

Peopleestablishbusinessinordertoperformeconomic

activities.Withsomeexceptions,suchasnon-profit

organizationsandinstitutionsofthegovernment,businesses

existtoproductprofit.Inotherwords,theownersand

operatorsofabusinesshavereceivingorgeneratinga

financialreturnfortheirtime,effortandcapitalasoneof

theirmainobjectives.

Wehopethatwhenthestateattorneygeneralfullyreviewedthe

settlement,theywillalsoagreethatit'stherightway

forward.Litigationisneveragoodthingforanyindustryor

anycompany.Wehavesaidforsometimethatwewouldgothe

extramiletoresolvethiscase.Thatisexactlywhatwedid

inreachingthissettlement.

Theexperienceofthepastthethreeyearshashadaprofound

impactonmepersonallyandonourcompany.Weareina

fast-moving,competitiveindustry,butwewillfocusmoreon

howouractionsaffectothercompanies.

JohnAshcroft,U.SAttorneyGeneral:

Todayweareannouncingastrong,historicalsettlementreached

bytheDepartmentofJusticeandtheMicrosoftCorporationthat

willputanendtoMicrosoftJsunlawfulconduct,bring

effectiverelieftothemarketplace,andensurethatconsumers

willhavemorechoicesinmeetingtheirneedsofcomputingand

workingwiththeircomputers.Thissettlementistheright

resultforconsumersandforbusinesses,therightresultfor

theeconomy,andtherightresultforgovernment.Itprovides

prompt,effective,certainreliefforconsumersandremovesthe

uncertaintyinthecomputermarket,acriticalfactorin

today'seconomy.

Unit6

Keys:l.C2.C3.B4.A5.D

Alan'saccountantispreparinghisincometaxreturn,sohe

needstogooversomeofthereceiptswithher.Pamelacomplains

thatthegovernmentjustsquanderspeople,shard-earnedtax

moneyonsomeunnecessaryprojects.ButAlandoesnotmind

payingtaxes,sayingitmeansheisearningmoney,whichis

betterthan1ivingoncharity.Pamelainsiststhatifthepoor

wouldjustgetjobs,taxeswouldbeemuchlower.Alandisagrees,

sayingmostpeoplewou1dratherworkthanreceivecharity,but

sometimestherearenojobsthattheyaretrainedfor.But

Pamelaassertsthatthejoblesspeopleshouldtaketheneeded

trainingtoupgradetheirskillsandknowledgetobecomemore

employable.Alanbelievesthatsomeofthegovernmenttax

dollarsarealreadydirectedtotrainingandupgradingprograms

thathelpthepoortogetjobs.WhenPamelasayssomeofthe

unemployeddon,twanttowork,preferringtohavehandouts,

Alanpointsoutthatsomepeoplehavetobeeducatedtorealize

howmuchfullertheir1ifewouldbeiftheywerenotdependent

oncharity.Pamelais,however,moredown-to-earth,thinking

thegovernmentshouldattackunemploymentbyreducingthetax

rate.Thatwouldgivepeoplemoremoney;then,theywouldspend

more,whichwouldcreatemorejobsforthepoor.

Keys:TFTFT

Keys:ID2.A3.B4.C5.

1.ToimprovehealthcaresystemsInthepoorestcountries:

1.Peopleareexpectedtolivejust49years.

2.Oneintenchildrendoesn,treachhisorherfirstbirthday.

3.Womenareaffectedmostby