小學(xué)音標(biāo)與辨音一、英語國際音標(biāo)。元音長元音：/ɑ://?://?://i://u:/元音短元音：/?//?//?//?//?//e//?/雙元音：/e?//a?//??//??//e?//??//??//a?/清輔音：/p//

t//k//f//θ//s//?//

h//ts//t?//tr/輔音濁輔音：/b//d/

/g//v//e//z//?//r/

/dz//d?//dr/輔音鼻音：/m//n//?/半元音：/j//w/邊音：/l/二、26個字母發(fā)音規(guī)律。Aa/e?/：name；cake；table；/?/：apple；cat；map；am；/ɑ:/：want；dance；/o/；what；watch；Bb

/b/：book；big；bag；box

；Cc

/k/：cat；cake；cup；clock；car；

/s/：face；nice；pencil；books；

Dd

/d/：desk；doll；dog；dad；

Ee

/i:/：he；she；meet；me；

/e/：elephant；egg；bed；pen；

Ff

/f/：fine；friend；fly；foot；fan；

Gg

/g/：gun；glass；glad；glove；

/d?/：age；orange；Hh

/h/：hat；he；house；hand；II

/a?/：fine；bike；five；ice；/?/：is；sit；miss；pig；picture；

Jj

/d?/：jeep；jam；jacket；jar；

Kk

/k/：kite；cake；black；thank；

Ll

/l/：leg；left；ruler；flag；lamp；

/l/：apple；bowl；tell；old；

Mm/m/：am；map；my；mouth；milk；

Nn

/n/：no；know；new；hand

；Oo

/??/：old；home；nose；coke；

/o/：dog；not；clock；box；

/?/：son；month；mother；love

；Pp

/p/：map；jeep；pig；pen；apple；Qq

/kw/：quite；quilt；quick；Rr

/r/：red；radio；brother；racket；Ss

/s/：sit；miss；this；smile；books；

/z/：nose；those；rose；rulers；

Tt

/t/：it；sit；not；that；table；little；Uu

/ju:/：use；usually；excuse；/?/：bus；us；sun；duck；

/?/：put；pull；push；

Vv

/v/：five；vase；very；seven；

Ww

/w/：we；window；watch；want；

Xx

/ks/：box；six；fox；

Yy

/a?/：my；fly；why；bye；

/j/

yes；yellow；

/?/

happy；baby；very；Zz

/z/：zoo；zero；三、常用字母或字母組合發(fā)音規(guī)律。

（一）與元音字母A相關(guān)的單詞：

1.[e?]

a在開音節(jié)中，發(fā)字母音，后面有不發(fā)音的e

：

face；grade；cake；lake；make；take；snake；name；plane；date；plate；2.[?]

a在閉音節(jié)中：

dad；sad；bag；can；fan；man；and；hand；thank；map；cat；fat；that；hat；family；

3.[ɑ:]

ar組合：car；far；star；card；scarf；market；hard；park；arm；farm；

4.[e?]

ai組合：tail；

rainy；train；wait；waiter；waitress；5.[e?]

air組合：air；hair；chair；stairs；6.[e?]

ay組合：day；today；play；may；May；say；way；stay；

7.[?]

ay組合：Monday；Tuesday；Friday；8.[?:]

al組合：talk；walk；chalk；

9.[?:l]

all組合：all；ball；small；tall；wall；mall；

call；fall；

10.[ɑ:s

]as或ass組合：

ask；class；glass；pass；grass；last；

11.[?]

a在w后面：wash；what；watch；want

；

12.[?:]

aw組合：

draw；

（二）與元音字母E相關(guān)的單詞：

1.[i:]

e在開音節(jié)中，發(fā)字母音：be；he；she；me；we；these；Chinese；

2.[e]

e在閉音節(jié)中：bed；red；leg；spell；hen；then；when；pen；ten；dress；let；

3.[??]

ere組合：here；

4.[e?]

ere組合：there；where

5.[i:]

ea組合：sea；tea；peach；teacher；read；please；eat；meat；seat；dream；

6.[e]

ea組合：head；bread；feather；weather；

7.[??]

ear組合：ear；dear；hear；near；

8.[e?]

ear組合：bear；pear；

9.[?:]

ear組合：early；year；learn；10.[i:]

ee組合：bee；three；tree；see；need；feel；green；sleep；feet；meet；feed；

（三）與元音字母I相關(guān)的單詞：

1.[a?]

i在開音節(jié)中，發(fā)字母音：hi；ice；nice；rice；ride；bike；like；time；fine；nine；write；kite；

2.[?]

i在閉音節(jié)中：which；chick；sick；big；pig；milk；him；swim；in；begin；ship；is；

3.[?:]

ir組合：

bird；shirt；skirt；sir；girl；circle；thirty；thirteen；thirsty；4.[a?]

igh組合：light；right；flight；tight；

（四）與元音字母O相關(guān)的單詞：

1.[??]

o在開音節(jié)中，發(fā)字母音：

go；no；so；phone；those；close；nose；rose；home；rope；hole；

2.[?]

o在閉音節(jié)中：clock；dog；on；long；song；shop；stop；hot；not；donkey；3.[?]

o：mother；brother；come；some；monkey；

4.[?:]

or組合：or；for；short；forty；horse；store；

5.[??]

oa組合：road；boat；coat；goat；soap；

6.[u:]

oo組合：too；zoo；cool；school；room；moon；afternoon；spoon；kangaroo；

7.[?]

oo組合：good；foot；classroom；look；book；cookies；

8.[a?]

ou組合：cloudy；house；mouse；about；mouth；mountain；

9.[a?]

ow組合：cow；how；now；brown；down；flower；

10.[??]

ow組合：slow；know；

（五）與元音字母U相關(guān)的單詞：

1.[ju:]

u在開音節(jié)中，發(fā)字母音：

excuse；use；

2.[?]

u在閉音節(jié)中：run；sun；cup；but；bus；cut；mum；under；hug；duck；

3.[?:]

ur組合：nurse；turn；hurt；fur；

（六）Y與I的發(fā)音相似在開音節(jié)中讀[a?]

：sky；fly；July；my；try；why；eye；bye；

（七）輔音字母組合1.[tr]

tr

組合：tree；truck；try；street；straight；traffic

lights；

2.[dr]

dr組合：drink；dress；drive；driver；draw；dresser；dream；hundred；3.[f]

ph和gh組合：elephant；telephone；laugh；photo；

4.[t?]

ch組合：chicken；chair；China；Chinese；watch;5.[k]

ch組合：school；Christmas；headache；

6.[k]

ck組合：chicken；duck；black；blackboard；sick；7.[w]

wh組合：what；where；when；why；which；white；wheel；

附：五個元音因素練習(xí)。Aa()1、cakeA.takeB.cat()2、nameA.bagB.plane()3、ChinaA.aboutB.want()4、afterA.classB.wash()5、WhatA.watchB.father()6、catA.flagB.baby()7、lateA.gameB.any()8、haveA.happyB.past()9、animalA.appleB.past()10、makeA.planeB.awayEe()1、meA.theseB.bed()2、heA.ChineseB.egg()3、sheA.bestB.we()4、letA.eveningB.red()5、lessonA.deskB.open()6、messA.meB.letter()7、henA.letterB.Chinese()8、vegetableA.henB.apple()9、engA.penB.me()10、penA.heB.eggIi()1、ringA.shineB.miss()2、mistakeA.bigB.find()3、milkA.pickB.child()4、nineA.lineB.dish()5、driveA.liveB.bright()6、pigA.finishedB.pilot()7、bikeA.timeB.city()8、swimA.kiteB.sit()9、drinkA.fishB.time()10、findA.highB.chickenOo()1、noseA.dogB.boat()2、thoseA.goB.not()3、loseA.stopB.old()4、doA.whoB.no()5、homeA.coldB.box()6、whoseA.whoB.close()7、alsoA.photoB.tonight()8、colaA.mostB.lose()9、notA.cookB.clock()10、sockA.thoseB.shopUu()1、duckA.hurryB.cute()2、busA.TuesdayB.but()3、cupA.lunchB.excuse()4、blueA.rulerB.January()5、autumnA.popularB.difficult辨音練習(xí)（一）一、找出畫線部分讀音與所給的單詞畫線部分讀音相同的一項。ABC()1.blackcomecinemachair()2.moonwhoopenwoman()3.artwhatgardenapple()4.usbutyoumusic()5.milkfivelikein()6.teachtealearndress()7.laughuncleaunthouse()8.doctorpaperworkhorse()9.cleansleepbehindhelp()10.dancedayrabbitart()11.motherthirtykitchenthis()12.nursesnakenosethose()13.closewholookphone二、讀音相同打"√"不同的打"×"。()1.closego()2.chairhair()3.roombook()4.girlfirst()5.comedance()6.forgetegg()7.fatherbathroom()8.womanman()9.potstove()10.matchblanket()11.cowshow()12.telescopedoes()13.tinsite()14.theirthing()15.lookbook()16.finefridge()17.havewhose()18.greatbread三、找出劃線部分與其余三個單詞發(fā)音不同的選項。ABCD()1.gardenparentlargelaugh()2.playvasedaymake()3.studyjumpsunstudent()4.elephantofphonefirst()5.bookmoonzooroom()6.withthinmathbathroom()7.sofatelephoneoversong()8.eveningmechickensweet()9.pigorangegrandpatogether()10.childrenthingbehindsitABCD()11.helpchesstentchildren()12.thesebedmeshe()13.nicefivehillbeside()14.tigerringpicturethin()15.clothesoverpotcoat()16.schoolchessteachchildren()17.circlegirlTuesdaynurse()18.oflaughfatfly()19.ussunspoonwatches()20.canclasscirclecat四、找出劃線部分與其余三個單詞發(fā)音不同的選項。()1.A.mapB.familyC.bagD.bed()2.A.eatB.meetC.skiD.his()3.A.dearB.theirC.whereD.pair()4.A.whenB.hereC.hatD.who辨音練習(xí)（二）一、圈出劃線部分的發(fā)音不同的選項。1.tree

street

great2.many

any

scarf

3.masks

fathers

classrooms

4.his

letter

riddle5.forty

shorts

teacher6.ball

park

walktalk7.block

soft

glove8.socks

hot

whose9.shoes

whose

good10.book

food

football11.asks

baskets

grass12.arms

stars

markets13.classes

glasses

basketballs14.goat

boat

rain15.ninety

time

cinema16.dry

fly

happy17.here

dear

there

18.picture

sure

19.

who

whose

when20.water

wash

watch

box21.cow

curtain

coin

cinema22.show

snow

yellow

now23.

where

what

white

write24.

can

car

cousin

nice25.shoes

sweaters

jeans

socks26.

thank

with

that

game

table

father28.

city

ice

dance

doctor29.live

fish

cinema

coin30.they

eight

rain

key31.sweater

bread

tea

breakfast32.number

some

photo

puppet33.toy

boy

goat

coin34.jacket

rabbit

panda

stamp35.plane

stand

elephant

orange36.love

old

cold

hello37.chess

she

red

vest38.lunch

uncle

number

hungry39.thirty

her

turkey

thirsty40.where

there

wear

pear41.flower

trousers

blouse

house42.

when

watch

between

write43.A.

that

B.

thirty

C.

Thursday

D.math44.A.fast

B.radio

C.cake

D.shape45.A.stove

B.

open

C.go

D.gloves46.A.mouth

B.

thank

C.

three

D.

this二、找出與所給單詞畫線部分讀音相同的的一項。()1.black

A.come

B.grandma

C.chair()2.moonA.who

B.

open

C.woman()3.

art

A.what

B.garden

C.apple()4.teach

A.learn

B.tea

C.sweater()5.dance

A.rabbit

B.

afternoon

C.day()6.tomorrowA.phone

B.sock

C.tomato辨音練習(xí)（六）一、找出劃線部分與其余三個單詞發(fā)音不同的選項。()1.A.clothesB.homeC.helloD.sorry()2.A.dutyB.studentC.busD.excuse()3.A.clockB.thoseC.goD.coat()4.A.busB.putC.cupD.up()5.A.downB.brownC.yellowD.how()6.A.deskB.nextC.dressD.we()7.A.cakeB.hatC.babyD.same()8.A.lookB.roomC.schoolD.broom()9.A.thinkB.thankC.theyD.three()10.A.schoolB.ChineseC.chairD.teacher()11.A.with B.then C.clothes D.month()12.A.mean B.meant C.bread D.heavy()13.A.popularB.half C.aunt D.last()14.A.foodB.noodle C.foot D.broom()15.A.don’t B.hope C.ago D.body()16.A.downB.crow C.how D.town()17.A.bagB.mapC.thankD.class()18.A.noB.rowC.oneD.old()19.A.fiveB.bikeC.fineD.English()20.A.deskB.yesC.elevenD.pencil()21.A.goodB.bookC.afternoonD.goodbye()22.A.go B.some C.son D.mother()23.A.windowB.how C.nowD.down()24.A.us B.mum C.duty D.but()25.A.China B.school C.chair D.teacher()26.A.comeB.nice C.coat D.clock()27.A.think B.thankC.English D.student()28.A.busB.putC.cupD.up()29.A.motherB.thirty C.father D.brother()30.A.myB.family C.duty D.sorry()31.A.pleaseB.meet C.friend D.jeep()32.A.nice B.license C.come D.pencil()33.A.sister B.sit C.son D.his()34.A.daughterB.morningC.or D.wrong()35.A.fatherB.dad C.bagD.family()36.A.team B.jeep C.yellow D.me二、找出與所給單詞畫線部分讀音相同的的一項。()1.reasonA.breakfastB.greatlyC.reachD.really()2.nativeA.adviceB.grammarC.baseD.master()3.improveA.progressB.moveC.politicalD.follow()4.startedA.landedB.graspedC.forcedD.stayed()5.praiseA.newspaperB.mouthsC.baseD.grasp()6.housesA.facesB.horsesC.busesD.roses()7.forcedA.improvedB.graspedC.stayedD.limited()8.breatheA.clothesB.healthC.eighthD.tenth()9.machineA.millionB.possibleC.wristD.police()10.sorryA.reportB.foreignC.orderD.important()11.refuseA.questionB.stupidC.trueD.trunk()12.smoothA.woodB.stoodC.bookD.food()13.forwardA.orderB.foreheadC.sensorD.quarrel()14.spearA.heardB.chairC.deerD.bear()15.exactlyA.exhibitionB.exerciseC.excuseD.example()16.hammerA.grantedB.astronautC.snakeD.surface()17.concludeA.understoodB.stupidC.refuseD.prove()18.observeA.officerB.wonderC.seldomD.object()19.exactlyA.expressB.examineC.excitedD.excellent()20.featherA.leantB.breatheC.greatlyD.break()21.supposeA.costB.improveC.whoseD.only()22.possibleA.thinkerB.machineC.terribleD.police()23.worthA.theoryB.southernC.withinD.smooth()24.debtA.objectB.excuseC.everD.scene()25.ratherA.surfaceB.necklaceC.grantD.palace()26.bankerA.millionB.plantC.unkindD.angry()27.foundA.mouseB.troubleC.countryD.southern()28.natureA.internationalB.nationC.naturalD.national()29.northernA.lawyerB.sorryC.horribleD.sorrow()30.reuniteA.rebelB.returnC.regardD.remarry()31.bankerA.millionB.pointC.plantD.angry()32.RussianA.pieceB.officialC.excellentD.officer()33.loomsA.graspB.knocksC.mapsD.design()34.foundA.famousB.countryC.southD.trouble()35.forcedA.fetchedB.pleasedC.pretendedD.ordered()36.uncleA.undressB.plantC.bankD.unfit()37.marryA.branchB.plantC.bathD.banker()38.breatheA.breathB.featherC.pleased.D.heavier()39.bearA.wearB.spearC.fearlessD.research()40.pleasureA.RussianB.conclusionC.pleasedD.sure()41.grantA.branchB.entranceC.dangerD.banker()42.rowA.flowerB.knownC.towerD.cow()43.sweatA.breakfastB.greatlyC.weaveD.meal()44.wormA.stormB.wordC.warmD.worn()45.loomA.footB.foolishC.tookD.brook()46.troopA.lookB.goodC.tookD.cocoon()47.buryA.thusB.gunshotC.columnD.meant()48.columnA.climbB.angryC.thinkD.within()49.periodA.messageB.seriousC.defendD.reality()50.wonderA.columnB.discoverC.acrossD.dragon()51.anxiousA.changeB.unkindC.roundD.banker()52.measureA.greatlyB.weaveC.breakD.sweat()53.fellowA.addressB.rejectC.resistD.select()54.watchA.strangerB.wanderC.favorD.snatch()55.hotelA.contraryB.clothingC.clothD.wonder()56.natureA.branchB.battleC.dangerD.natural()57.industryA.numberB.excuseC.buryD.support()58.scarceA.warmB.regardC.harmfulD.prepare()59.healthA.realB.cheatC.realizeD.thread()60.nurseA.increaseB.wiseC.noseD.suppose()61.alreadyA.alongB.altogetherC.allowD.chalk()62.rollA.costB.lonelyC.canoeD.produce()63.messageA.materialB.landedC.islandD.savage()64.wanderA.watchB.plantC.sankD.sand()65.shallowA.cowB.powderC.sorrowD.flower()66.tongueA.angryB.singerC.EnglishD.stronger()67.increaseA.visitB.practiceC.mouthsD.presently()68.extraA.exceptB.explainC.exhibitionD.exam()69.columnA.tongueB.producedC.polluteD.fond()70.shouldA.troubleB.couldC.routeD.shoulder()71.meantA.saysB.paidC.remainD.break()72.serveA.heardB.astonishC.terribleD.proper()73.proudA.dangerousB.broughtC.enoughD.powder()74.broadA.boatB.astonishC.coatD.shore()75.demandA.answerB.wanderC.practiceD.grand()76.fishesA.gradesB.halvesC.bridgesD.stories()77.smoothA.theoryB.northernC.clothD.healthy()78.AsiaA.areaB.straightC.extraD.diamond()79.oceanA.spaceB.poisonC.nationD.percent()80.recentA.resistB.rejectC.reuniteD.Suez()81.arrowA.flownB.flowerC.powderD.crowd()82.extendA.examineB.exactC.expectD.exist()83.specialA.percentB.patchC.punishD.pace()84.toughA.surroundB.courageC.thoughtD.through()85.calmA.hallB.grandC.exampleD.although()86.positionA.designB.distantC.increaseD.measure()87.buryA.aheadB.bulletC.polluteD.salute()88.nationalA.operationB.natureC.naturalD.nation()89.heroA.heardB.letterC.periodD.measure()90.captainA.orphanB.chickenC.certainD.aim()91.packageA.plantB.announceC.shakeD.imagine()92.captainA.certainB.portraitC.paintD.Britain()93.copybookA.constantlyB.helloC.momentD.month()94.closetA.feverishB.trembleC.EnglishD.engineer()95.leastA.oceanB.breatheC.meantD.really()96.irrigateA.wildB.wipeC.pipeD.crisp()97.softA.produceB.comfortC.cocoonD.hollow()98.coolA.bloodB.woodC.bloomD.foot()99.brushA.buryB.butterC.pupilD.busy()100.ankleA.answerB.manyC.dragonD.balance三、找出與所給單詞畫線部分讀音相同的的一項。()1.A.bedB.penC.heD.desk()2.A.hatB.handC.bagD.again()3.A.cupB.minusC.busD.up()4.A.deskB.deerC.fridgeD.door()5.A.niceB.catC.coatD.cake()6.A.orangeB.gateC.girlD.goose()7.A.inkB.niceC.pinkD.live()8.A.letB.tailC.looseD.lunch()9.A.mapB.moonC.roomD.mother()10.A.noseB.rainC.nurseD.neck()11.A.loveB.boxC.clockD.fox()12.A.sixB.sureC.sevenD.sit()13.A.yesB.yellowC.myD.yo-yo()14.A.bodyB.myC.byD.fly()15.A.nameB.tableC.paperD.bag()16.A.houseB.troubleC.mouseD.shout()17.A.howB.lowC.windowD.pillow()18.A.photoB.boxC.copD.block()19.A.hereB.nearC.dearD.hair()20.A.sureB.fourC.doorD.your()21.A.whoB.whiteC.whatD.when()22.A.whatB.handC.appleD.ax()23.A.headB.leafC.featherD.sweater()24.A.monkeyB.moneyC.keyD.donkey()25.A.heB.meC.beD.red()26.A.MondayB.sayC.rayD.way()27.A.farmB.carC.parkD.warm()28.A.fatherB.catC.rabbitD.bag()29.A.againB.aroundC.anotherD.hand()30.A.o’clockB.boxC.clockD.frog()31.A.herB.sisterC.motherD.father()32.A.doctorB.porkC.morningD.short()33.A.worldB.wordC.actorD.work()34.A.putB.busC.umbrellaD.under()35.A.foodB.roomC.goodD.moon()36.A.classroomB.cookieC.zooD.look()37.A.lieB.dieC.pieceD.pie()38.A.thankB.inC.pinkD.into()39.A.televisionB.sixC.silverD.some()40.A.howB.cowC.lowD.now辨音練習(xí)（七）一、判斷下列各詞劃線部分發(fā)音是否相同，相同打“√”，不同“×”。1、firsther()2、fifththere()3、todaySaturday()4、saysays()5、eatkeep()6、AprilMay()7、lookcartoon()8、blowtouch()二、單詞辯音。()1.A.rulerB.herC.teacher()2.A.bearB.dearC.hear()3.A.hobbyB.overC.pocket()4.A.frontB.monthC.orange()5.A.grassB.cageC.skate()6.A.recorderB.OctoberC.sports()7.A.signB.bikeC.public()8.A.momentB.phoneC.stop三、找出劃線部分發(fā)音不同的選項。()1.A.mustB.publicC.questionD.cup()2.A.dangerB.herC.litterD.Mother()3.A.greatBbreadC.readyD.head()4.A.dearB.bearC.hereD.nearby()5.A.cookB.roomC.foodD.shoot四、判斷下列每組單詞畫線部分的發(fā)音是否相同,用“√”或“×”表示。1.therehere()2.yearhear()3.dearbear()4.wherehair()5.pearnear()6.theirparents()五、找出劃線部分發(fā)音不同的選項。()1.A.firstB.birthdayC.herD.worker()2.A.JulyB.JuneC.blueD.costume()3.A.AprilB.candleC.JanuaryD.back()4.A.nearB.yearC.pearD.hear()5.A.thirdB.thereC.fifthD.three()6.A.readB.readyC.teamD.sea六、判斷下列各組單詞畫線部分的讀音是否相同，用“√”或“×”表示。()1.bearpear()2.therehere()3.racehave()4.justmust()5.thenthey()6.mobilepocket()7.groundcousin()8.ballroll()9.shootlook()10.videodiary辨音練習(xí)（九）一、找出劃線部分發(fā)音不同的選項。()1.A.familyB.danceC.happyD.handkerchief()2.A.brotherB.herC.rememberDPeter()3.A.yearB.hearC.thereD.earphone()4.A.usuallyB.justC.underD.up()5.A.sweaterB.teamC.breadD.head二、判斷下列每組單詞的劃線部分的讀音是否相同，用“√”或“×”表示。()1.pocketnose()2.agecage()3.earpear()4.usecostume()5.babymy

()6.

bear

pear

()7.

up

cut

()

8.

race

have

()

9.

just

must

()10.

then

they

()

11.

mobile

pocket

()12.

ground

cousin

()13.

ball

roll

()14.

there

here

(

)15.

year

hear

(

)16.

dear

bear

()17.

where

hair

(

)18.

pear

near

三、選出劃線部分讀音與其它三個不同的單詞。()1.A.pickB.inC.siteD.it()2.A.pearB.thereC.whereD.here()3.A.herB.skirtC.firstD.sister()4.A.plantB.mapC.blanketD.hand()5.A.pulledB.milkedC.pickedD.cooked()6.A.bagB.mapC.gradeD.can()7.A.farmB.warmC.farD.park()8.A.collectB.carrotC.o’clockD.holiday()9.A.birdB.girlC.skirtD.firefly()10.A.classB.grassC.tasteD.last辨音練習(xí)（十）練習(xí)一()1.A.makeB.lateC.mapD.male

()2.A.famousB.foundC.shoutD.ground()3.A.riceB.likeC.liveD.bike()4.A.mouthB.round C.group D.ground()6.A.glassB.fastC.passD.want()7.A.shineB.policeC.wifeD.tie()8.A.nameB.faceC.safelyD.many()9.A.waterB.want C.washD.watch()10.A.danceB.change C.basketD.father()11.A.ideaB.dead C.head D.ready()12.A.beatB.each C.really D.weak()13.A.liveB.unkind C.fine D.smile()14.A.