選擇性必修四Unit1WordsandExpressionsfictionn.小說；虛構(gòu)的事sciencefiction(informalSci–Fi)(abbr.SF)

科幻小說（或影片等）testout檢驗；測試Theuniversitystudentswilltestoutthecomputerprogramforanybugs.→testsb.out試用，試驗，考驗(某人)Mynewbossgavemethemostdifficultclientstodealwith.IfelthewasreallytestingmeouttoseeifIwouldcope.tryout試用；試驗setout(todosth.)出發(fā)；開始（做某事）turnout證明是；結(jié)果是giveout分發(fā)；用完leaveout省略；遺漏incomefeepaymentsavingwage1.E2.F3.G4.B5.A6.D7.H8.C

收益費用車費付款；報償薪水獎金存款工錢integrityn.誠實正直；完整；完好Theysaidthegreatestvirtuesinapersonwereintegrity,correctnessandhonesty.他們說一個人最重要的美德就是正直、得體和誠實。Wehaveresponsibilityformaitainingtheintegrityoftheecosystem.我們有責(zé)任維持生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的完整。dignityn.莊重；莊嚴；尊嚴Therealwinnerinsportsarethosewhoknowhowtopersevereandtobehavewithdignity--whethertheywinorloseagame.在體育運動上，真正的贏家是那些知道如何堅持和表現(xiàn)得有尊嚴的人--無論他們在比賽中是贏還是輸。請從上面三個詞中選詞填空：Idon’tlikethejob,butthe________isgood.Thegovernmenthasdecidedtoincrease_________forallcivilservants.Thelawyerwaspaidahuge_________._________arepaideveryFridayafternoon.salariespaysalaryWagespaysalarywageappointment

n.約會;預(yù)約;委任makeanappointment（withsb）keep/breakanappointmenthaveandappointment（withsb）Ihaveanappointmentwithmydentistat11:30.預(yù)約；事先安排時間和地點按時赴約/違背約定與…有約appointvt.&vi.約定;委派;任命appointsb(as)sth:認命某人為…Samhasbeenappointedasmanageroftheengineeringdepartment.appointedadj.指定的；約定好的；被委任的/appointedtime1.Shehadfailedtokeepherappointmentforthirdtimes._____2.Theycongratulatedhimonhisappointmentaschairman._______

3.HehastakenupanappointmentasProfessorofChemistry._____1.Ihavean___________(appoint)atthedoctor’s.2.Shehasanappointment__________herfriend,butshehavetochangeit.3.我約好了這周末去做美甲。(appointment,paint)______________________________________________________失約

任命

職位appointmentappointmentwithIhaveanappointmenttopaintmynailsthisweekend.nail

n.&vt.①Hedroveinanailwithonestrokeofthe

hammer.【n.釘子】②Ihavetriedtodiscouragehimfrombitingnails.【n.指甲】③Henailedboardstogethertomakeabox.【vt.(用釘子)釘牢；固定】saleswomann.女售貨員；女推銷員chairwomann.女主席；女董事長；女委員長guiltyadj.內(nèi)疚的；有罪的；有過失的Istillfeel__________(guilt)aboutwordsIsaidtomyfatherwhenIwasateenager.beguiltyofacrime有罪；犯罪haveaguiltyconscience問心有愧asenseofguilt內(nèi)疚感g(shù)uiltysuspendvt.懸；掛；暫停；暫緩laddern.梯子；階梯suspend

vt.懸；掛；吊

1.Thebuildersworkedonwoodenplatforms,suspendedbyropesfromtheroofofthebuilding.2.Itwasveryuncomfortablelyingonthehospitalbedwithmylegssuspendedintheair.暫停；中止；使暫停發(fā)揮作用（或使用等）1.Thecompanyhastosuspendthespaceexplorationprojectduetofinancialproblems.2.Talksbetweenthetwocountrieshavenowbeensuspended.1.Alampwassuspendedfromtheceiling._______2.Productionhasbeensuspendedwhilesafetychecksarecarriedout.______

3.Davewassuspendedfromschoolforaweek.______4.Juliewassuspendedfromherjobshortlyaftertheincident.___________懸；掛；吊

暫停/中止

被停學(xué)

被停職suspendJulie________________fromherjobshortlyaftertheaccidenthappened.(suspend)Thepoliceofficer____________whilethecomplaintwasinvestigated.(suspend)Johnwasgivenafour-month_________sentence.(suspend)Thejudgefinedthedriverand_________hislicense.(suspend)Theseeventshaveledto_________oftalks.(suspend)wassuspendedwassuspendedsuspendedsuspendedsuspensiondismiss

vt.

讓……離開；解散：

1.dismisssbwithawaveofthehand2.Theclasswasdismissedearlytoday.［常用于被動語態(tài)］解雇；開除：1.Hewasdismissedfromhisjobforincompetence.消除（顧慮等）；拒絕考慮：Hejustlaughedanddismissedmyproposalasunrealistic.

dismissvt.開除；解雇；解散；消除；使離開；使退場；使出局

He______________fromhighschoolbecausehewasagainsttherules.(dismiss)Everydayat12o’clocktheclass_______________.(dismiss)She______________becausesheletouttradesecretsonpurpose.(dismiss)Theofficershadruntheriskof_____________.(dismiss)wasdismissedisdismissedwasdismissedbeingdismisseddeclarevt.表明；宣稱；公布①declare+that從句:HedeclaresthattherewillbeanEnglishspeechcontestinourschoolthismonth.②declaresth/sb(tobe)sth:Theareahasbeendeclaredanationalpark.③declaresth+adj:Thechairmandeclaredtheceremonyopen.→declarewaron/upon/against...向……宣戰(zhàn)Theyhavenowdeclaredwaron/upondrugdealersinthearea.declarationn.聲明；宣告UniversalDeclarationofHumanRights

《世界人權(quán)宣言》1.ThecourtdeclaredthatBrown’scaseshouldbereviewed._______2.Edwarddeclaredhimselfangryandupset.______

3.Youmustdeclareallyourincomeonthisform._______4.Who’sthefirstmantosubscribetotheDeclarationofIndependence?______宣布

聲稱

申報獨立宣言declarewhereasconj.然而；但是；盡管while強調(diào)對比（而：用以表示對比或相反的情況）HeisaworkerwhileIamadoctor.他是工人，我是醫(yī)生。whereas強調(diào)相反Someofthestudiesshowpositiveresults,whereasothersdonot.有一些結(jié)果令人滿意，然而其它的則不然。presumevt.&vi.假設(shè)；假定Itispresumedthat...據(jù)推測...Ipresumedso.我想是的。weeklyadj.每周的n.周刊Keeparecordandevaluateitweekly.Keeptrackofyoureffortsandwritedownhowyoufeel.dailyadj./adv.每日的/地n.日報monthlyadj.每月的/地n.月刊yearlyadj.adv.每年的/地

ona…basis根據(jù)；以……的方式（基準(zhǔn)）onadailyorweeklybasisonaregularbasis定期Remember,evenworldchampionathlethespracticetheirskillonaconsistentbasis.onthebasisof...根據(jù)；在...的基礎(chǔ)上；基于始終如一的，一貫的；持續(xù)的calculatevt.計算；核算；預(yù)測Mother’sdevotiontochildrencanhardly_____________(calculate).calculatetheresult/theaveragemarkoftheclassItiscalculatedthat...據(jù)估算Itisroughlycalculatedthatin1997alone,about2.3millionpeoplediedofHIV.becalculated1.I’mgoingtocalculatehowmuchpaintweneed._____2.Itisroughlycalculatedthatatleast47,000jobswerelostlastyear.______

3.Itisimpossibletocalculatewhatinfluencehehadonher.______4.Deelookedatthebillandmadesomerapid

calculations.______計算

據(jù)粗略計算估計快速計算calculateBenefit_____________onthebasisofaverageweeklyearnings.(calculate)Thetimewhenasolareclipsewilloccurcan____________.(calculate)It____________thatatleast50,000jobswerelostlastyear.(calculate)Hispoliticalopponentsmadea__________attack.(calculate)Let’smakeacheckonhis___________.(calculate)Smithmadeaquick___________:hewouldnevermakeitintime.(calculate)iscalculatedbecalculatedwascalculatedcalculatedcalculationcalculationgramme(NAmEgram)n.克（重量單位）flourn.面粉；（谷物磨成的）粉venuen.活動場地（如音樂廳、會場等）salesmann.售貨員；推銷員alienn.外星人（生物）；外國人adj.陌生的；外星的；外國的Jimplaysaroleofanalieninthisfilm.WhenIfirstwenttoNewYork,sandcons事物的利與弊；支持與反對advantagesanddisadvantagesstrengthsandweaknessessuperioradj.更好的；占優(yōu)勢的；（在級別或重要性上）更高的superiorto比……更好；更勝一籌Yourcellphoneissuperiortomineinquality.superiorityn.優(yōu)勢；優(yōu)越性takeover占上風(fēng)；取而代之；接管；接手I'mgoingtotakeoverthecompanyoneday.我總有一天會接管這家公司。Trynottoletnegativethoughtstakeover.盡量別受消極的想法左右。Havearest.I'lltakeover.你歇會兒，我來替你。In2001,Itookoverfromhimasgoverningmayor.2001年我接替他擔(dān)任了主管市長。conflictwith與……沖突或抵觸inconflictwithsb.和某人沖突comeintoconflictwithsb.與某人發(fā)生沖突Theseresultsconflictwithearlierfindings.這些結(jié)果與早期的發(fā)現(xiàn)相矛盾Shefoundherselfinconflictwithherparentsoverherfuturecareer.她發(fā)現(xiàn)自己在將來擇業(yè)的問題上與父母存在著分歧。Thearticlebroughtherintoconflictwiththeauthorities.這篇文章使她與當(dāng)局造成沖突。laborn.&vi.laboredadj.吃力的；費勁的LaborDay勞動節(jié)skilledlabor熟練工人Hisbreathingisbecomingmoreandmore_________.(labor)She_______tenyearsonthebookanditfinallycameoutlast

month.(labor)Iwillnotbelieveour_______arelost.(labor)laboredlaboredlaborsleatherWaxpolishpreserveswoodandleather.“Isyourjacketrealleather?”

vsfeathersolarpanel太陽能電池板Heassembledapanelofscholarstoadvisehim.他集結(jié)了一個學(xué)者小組為他出謀劃策。Thelastquestionfoxedevenourpanelofexperts.最后這個問題甚至把我們的專家小組都難倒了。Thereare2.54centimetrestoaninch.一英寸等于2.54厘米。Ilostmybalanceandfellbackwards.我沒有站穩(wěn)，仰面摔倒。Ipunchedhimonthechin,sendinghimreelingbackwards.我一拳擊中他的下巴，打得他向后打了個趔趄。Inthemovietheytakeajourneybackwardsthroughtime.看圖說話griphandkerchieflampfetch

vt.

拿來；取來；請來：Runandfetchthedoctor.Fetchmemyumbrella.=Fetchmyumbrellaforme.fetch,bring辨析bring

為“拿來”“帶來”，指將人或物拿到說話人所在地或即將要去的地方，強調(diào)一個方向的動作。Itistraditionaltobringagifttoahousewarmingparty.fetch為“去拿來”，指去取了某物或帶上某人，再返回原處，強調(diào)動作的一往一返=goandbring。Johnthrewaballawayandthenaskedhisdogtofetchitforhim.

fetchvt.去取來；拿來；請來He_______hismapandlookedforthecastle.(fetch)Thewholestorysoundsveryfar-________.(fetch)Thegoalmaynottoofar-________.(fetch)Thewifewentinand__________theshoes.(fetch)Hesaidsomethinginalowvoice,________thecandlesticks.fetchedfetchedfetchedfetchedfetchingturnout關(guān)掉；熄滅；在場；使朝外；結(jié)果是Pleaseturnoutthelightswhenyouleavetheroom.Thewholevillageturnedouttowelcomethehero.Hegothisfirstbookpublished.Itturnedout(tobe)abestseller.Thefactoryturnsout900carsaweek.turnout+adj./tobe.../that從句

結(jié)果是；證明是?Itisdifficulttokeepupwiththerapidpaceofchange.?Weencourageallstudentstoworkattheirownpace.?Iprefertherelaxedpaceoflifeinthecountry.?Hepacedhisgameskilfully.他巧妙地控制著自己的比賽節(jié)奏。v.來回踱步；走來走去?Shepacedupanddownoutsidetheroom.她在屋子外面來回走著。?Tedpacedthefloorrestlessly.特德焦躁地在屋里走來走去。fallback后退，撤退，退卻fallbehind落后falloff減少；下降

falldown跌倒；掉下；倒塌；失敗fallill生病fallinlovewith愛上Allourdoubtsfellaway.我們的一切疑慮都煙消云散。Thehousesfellawayasweleftthecity.隨著我們離城市越來越遠，房屋也逐漸在視線中消失了。?thedivisionoflabourbetweenthesexes男女分工?afairdivisionoftimeandresources時間和資源的合理分配?divisions

betweenrichandpoor貧富差異?social/classdivisions社會分化；階級對立?thedivisionsign(÷)除號vi&vt劃分；分割；分配；分開：Householdwastecanberoughlydividedintofoodwaste,non-recyclablewasteandrecyclablewaste.vi&vt（被）除（盡）；把……作除數(shù)：Tendividedbytwoequalsfive.

vt使產(chǎn)生分歧：Wecanachievealotwhenwelearntoletourdifferencesunite,ratherthandivideus.1.Thecurrentdivisionoflabourbetweenworkersandmanagementskillswillchange. _____________2.He’sjustbeenappointedasdirectorofthepublishingdivision. ____________3.MyfathertaughtmehowtododivisionwhenIwassix._____ 4.Therearedeepdivisionsinthepartyovertheproposal._______勞動分工部門除法分歧divisionurge

v.

驅(qū)策；驅(qū)趕：Iurgedtheelephantdeeperintotheforest.催促；力勸urgesbtodosthurge+that...(should)dosth:Heurgedthatwe(should)takesuchsteps.

大力推薦；極力主張urgesbon:鼓勵或激勵某人做某事:Themanagerurgedhisstaffon.經(jīng)理督促職員更加努力.urgen[C]強烈的欲望；迫切的需要urgetodosth:Having