TPO16

TheprofessorexplainedthreeaspectsofthenewguidelinesadoptedintheUnitedKingdom,eachofwhichhassuccessfullyaddressedtheproblemsmentionedinthereadingpassageconcerningthepreservationofartifacts,thefundingofarchaeologicalresearch,andcareeropportunitiesinarchaeology.

First,theprofessorpointedoutthataccordingtothenewguidelines,anyconstructionprojectmustundergoanevaluationprocessinorderforthearchaeologicalvalueofthesitetobeascertained.Ifasiteisdeterminedtocontainpreciousobjects,apanelofexpertsisconvenedtodrawupapreservationplan.Thismeasurehasprovenveryeffectiveinaddressingthefirstproblemmentionedinthereading一carelessandirresponsibleconstructionprojectsbeingpursuedwithoutanyregardforarchaeologicalpreservation.

Second,thelecturerexplainedthatthenewguidelinesshiftedtheresponsibilityforfundingarchaeologicalwork,frominitialexaminationtofuturepreservation,fromthegovernmenttoconstructioncompanies.Asaresultofthisshift,

thesecondproblemhighlightedinthereadingconcerninginsufficientgovernmentfundsforarchaeologicalresearchhasbeensignificantlyaddressed.

Theprofessor’slastpointconcernedthefinalproblemraisedin

thereadingmaterial-adeclineinarchaeology-relatedjobopportunities.Shearguedthatthankstothenewguidelines,manyskillful,full-timearchaeologicalexpertsandprofessionalsarenow

neededtohandleworkatvariousstagesofarchaeologicalinvestigation,research,andpreservation.

TPO17

ThereadingpassageclaimsthatthenumberofbirdsintheISwilldefinitelydecline.Yettheprofessorarguesthatbirdpopulationwillnotshrinkduetoincreaseinhumanpopulation,agriculture,andpesticideuseassuggestedbytheauthor.

First,theprofessorpointsoutthaturbangrowth,whileharmfultosometypesofbirds,couldprovidehabitatsformanyothertypes.Asamatteroffact,urbanandsuburbandwellerscomplainfrequentlyaouttoomanybirds,this,however,

contradictsthestatementinthereadingthaturbandevelopmentcausesbirdstodisappear.

Second,theprofessorexplainsthatagriculturaldevelopwon’taffectbirdpopulationasthereadingillustrates.Newly-introducedandhighlyproductivecropscontinuouslycontributetoproductionenhancementandlesslanduse,makingitunnecessaryforhumanstodestroywildernessareas.

Third,whileconvincedoftheharmfulnessofpesticideusetobirdsconcludedinthepassage,theprofessordon’tthinkitwillbeaprobleminthefuture,inthatpeopleareincreasinglyawareofthisproblem,andarethereforedevelopinglesstoxicpesticidesandpestresistantcropsassolutions.

ThereadingandlisteningmaterialshaveaconflictofopinionsabouthowtopreserveTorryeaTaxifolia.Thewriterputsforwardthreemethodstoaddresstheproblem,whicharecontradictedbythefollowinglecture.

Firstly,thewritersuggeststhatTorryeacanbereestablishedincoolanddampmicroclimatewithinFlorida,whilethespeakerviewsthisissuefromanoppositeangle.

Accordingtohim,themicroclimateisaffectedbythelargerregionandcanhardlyoffertherightconditionforitsgrowth.Duetoglobalwarminganddrainedwetland,theenvironmentistoodryforTorryeatosurvive.

Secondly,theauthorproposesthatTorryeacanberelocatedfarfromwhereitcurrentlygrows.However,thespeakercastsdoubtonthisproposalbyraisingtheexampleofblacklocustree.Whenitwasmovedfarnorth,itspreadsoquicklyandkilledoutnativeendangeredtrees.Soassistedmigrationisineffectiveforitsunpredictedoutcomeforotherspecies.

Thethirdmeasureputforwardbythewriteristopreserve/developTorryeainresearchcenters.Bycontrast,inaccordancewiththespeaker,thismethodisnotgoingtoworkout.Thereasonisthatresearchcentersfailtoofferenoughcapacitytoholdlargeanddiversepopulation,whichisusuallysufficedbynaturalenvironmentwhereTorryeacanresistdiseases.Asaresultthismethodisnotgoingtoworkout.

Theprofessor'presentationdealswiththeissuewhichisthesameaswhatthereadingpassageconcentrateson.however,heoppositelythinksthatthethreereasonsmentionedinthereadingaboutthenegativeinfluenceofbuzzingonconsumerand

societyallareunfounded.andhealsogivesusthreereasontosupporthisidea,whichmakeswhatthereadingdubious.Primarily,eventhoughthereadingpassagesuggestthatthebuzzerswillmisleadtheconsumerbyusingthatconsumerdoesnotknowtheyarebuzzers,theprofessorfrownonthispoint.thisisbecausebuzzersarethosewhotrulythinktheproductisgood.sotheywillputthemisleadinginformationtotheconsumers.

Further,intheoppositiontothestatementabouttheconsumerslesscriticallypayingattentionontheproductwhenbuzzersadvertingtheirproduct,theprofessormaintainsthatquitetheopposite,theconsumerwillaskmorewhenabuzzersellsaproduct.andtheprofessorprovesthisistruebypointingoutthespecificquestionwhichconsumerwillaskforbuzzers,suchasthedurationofcertainproductbeingusedandthepriceoftheproduct.

Finally,theprofessorclaimsthatthenewtacticbuzzing,willnotposethreatenforthesocialrelationships,whilethereadingpassagecitesthisasapowerfulreasontorejectbuzzing.andtheprofessordemonstratesthattheprocessofbuzzingistheprocessthatpeopleshareagoodexperienceandproduct,soonthecontrary,thiswillbenefitthatsociety.

sothethirdreasontorefusethisnewtacticinadvertisingis

alsounsustainable.

Tosumup,theprofessorhasclearlyshowedthatthecentralreasonusingtorefusethebuzzingadvertisingtacticinthereadingisuntenable.

TPO20

ThoughthepassageholdsthattheLetItBurnpolicyadoptedbythemassivepracticesdealingwithnaturalforestfiresistoodestructiveforvegetation,wildlifeandtourismeconomyasawhole,thelectureraisesoppositeevidencetosupportthepolicy.Accordingtothelecturer,thewildforestfirescannotonlybedestructiveforces,theyarealsocreativehopesnecessaryinacompleteecologicalcycle.

First,forthevegetation,it’sbiasedforthepassageonlytofocusonthetreesandsmallplantsthatareburned,charredandblackenedinafire.Asshowninthelecture,afterthesamefire,newplants,especiallythesmallonescanmakeuseoftheemptyspacesleftoverandtakestrongrootsthere.Otherplantswhoseseedsneedstrongheattodevelopwouldalsobenefitfromtheburningandthenthriveinthenewenvironment.

Second,theexaggeratedstressinthe