第20講九年級(jí)Units

9～10類別新課標(biāo)要求重點(diǎn)詞匯拓展invent(v.)→inventor

(n.)

發(fā)明家→invention

(n.)發(fā)明operate(v.)→operation

(n.)手術(shù)

3．salt(n.)→salty

(adj.)咸的；含鹽的

4．mix(v.)→mixture

(n.)混合；混合物；混合劑類別新課標(biāo)要求重點(diǎn)詞匯拓展act(v.)→active

(adj.)活動(dòng)的；活潑的；積極的→actor

(n.)(

男)

演員→actress

(n.)(女)演員create(v.)→creative

(adj.)有創(chuàng)造力的wood(n.)→wooden

(adj.)木制的

8．develop(v.)→development

(n.)發(fā)展類別新課標(biāo)要求重點(diǎn)詞匯拓展popular(adj.)→popularity

(n.)普及；流行embarrass(v.)→embarrassed(adj.)尷尬的；為難的→embarrassing(adj.)令人尷尬的farm(n.)→farmer

(n.)農(nóng)夫；農(nóng)場(chǎng)主

12．end(v.)→ending

(n.)結(jié)局；結(jié)尾類別新課標(biāo)要求重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)記憶be

used

for

用來(lái)做……by

mistake

錯(cuò)誤地by

accident

偶然地；意外地4．a(chǎn)ccording

to根據(jù)；按照；據(jù)……所說(shuō)；視……而定fall

into

落入；陷入in

this

way

這樣knock

into

與……相撞類別新課標(biāo)要求重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)記憶by

the

time

到……時(shí)候；到……之前go

off

發(fā)出響聲r(shí)un

off

跑掉；迅速離開on

time

準(zhǔn)時(shí)break

down

停止運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)；出故障show

up

出席；露面類別新課標(biāo)要求重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)記憶set

off

激起；引起sell

out

賣完；售光get

married

結(jié)婚重點(diǎn)句型整理Potato

chips

were

invented

by

mistake.薯片是無(wú)意中被發(fā)明的。The

customer

was

happy

in

the

end.顧客最后很高興。3

．

It

is

believed

that

on

December21st,1891，the

first

basketball

game

inhistory

wasplayed.人們認(rèn)為歷史上第一場(chǎng)籃球比賽是在1891

年12

月21

日舉行的。重點(diǎn)句型整理When

she

got

to

school，she

realizedshehadleftherbackpackathome.等她到達(dá)學(xué)校的時(shí)候，她才意識(shí)到把背包落在了家里。What

happened

to

Dave

on

AprilFool's

Day?愚人節(jié)那天戴夫發(fā)生了什么事？重點(diǎn)句型整理6.

Welles

was

so

convincing

thathundreds

of

people

believed

the

story...韋爾斯講得如此令人信服，以至于成百上千的人都相信這件事是真的……1．Potato

chips

were

invented

by

mistake.薯片是無(wú)意中被發(fā)明的。(Unit

9)【考點(diǎn)透析】(1)invent是動(dòng)詞，意為“發(fā)明”。

He

has

invented

a

new

way

of

making

silk.他發(fā)明了一種制造絲綢的新方法。【妙辨異同】invent與discoverinvent意為“發(fā)明”，表示發(fā)明原先不存在的東西，諸如機(jī)器或工具等。discover意為“發(fā)現(xiàn)”，表示發(fā)現(xiàn)原來(lái)已存在但未為人所知的東西。Gilbert

discovered

electricity，but

Edison

invented

theelectric

light

bulb.吉爾伯特發(fā)現(xiàn)了電，而愛迪生發(fā)明了電燈?！練w納拓展】①invention

n．發(fā)明；創(chuàng)造②inventor

n．發(fā)明家；創(chuàng)造者(2)by

mistake

意為“錯(cuò)誤地；無(wú)意地”。與此類似的結(jié)構(gòu)有by

accident＝by chance，意為“偶然地；意外地”。mistake是名詞，常見詞組有make

(a

few)

mistakes

犯(若干)錯(cuò)誤。I

did

it

by

mistake.我一時(shí)搞錯(cuò)才這樣做了。2．It

is

believed

that

on

December

21st,1891，the

firstbasketball

game

in

history

was

played.人們認(rèn)為歷史上的第一場(chǎng)籃球比賽是在1891年12月21日舉行的。(Unit

9)【考點(diǎn)透析】It

is

believed＋that從句是英語(yǔ)中常用句型，這個(gè)句型的意思為“據(jù)認(rèn)為……；人們認(rèn)為……”，相當(dāng)于people

believe

that...?！練w納拓展】此類用法還有It's

said

that...據(jù)說(shuō)……；It'sthoughtthat...人們認(rèn)為……；It'sknownthat...眾所周知……；It's

reported

that...

據(jù)報(bào)道……；It'ssuggested

that...據(jù)建議……It's

said

that

he

saved

two

boys

from

the

river.據(jù)說(shuō)他從河里救了兩個(gè)男孩。3．By

the

time

I

got

outside,

the

bus

had

already

left.當(dāng)我出去時(shí)，公共汽車已經(jīng)離開了。(Unit

10)【考點(diǎn)透析】本句是過(guò)去完成時(shí)，它表示在過(guò)去某一時(shí)間或動(dòng)作之前完成的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，其構(gòu)成是“主語(yǔ)＋

had＋動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞”。在由by

the

time,

when,

before,after,until等連接的復(fù)合句中，如果主句謂語(yǔ)和從句謂語(yǔ)表示的過(guò)去動(dòng)作是在不同時(shí)間發(fā)生的，那么先發(fā)生的動(dòng)作用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。When

I

came

in,

he

had

finished

his

homework.當(dāng)我進(jìn)來(lái)時(shí)，他已完成作業(yè)了。By

the

time

I

got

there,

the

train

had

left.當(dāng)我到那兒時(shí)，火車已離開了。4．When

she

got

to

school，she

realized

she

had

left

herbackpackathome.等她到達(dá)學(xué)校的時(shí)候，她才意識(shí)到背包落在了家里。(Unit

10)【考點(diǎn)透析】leave在句中用作動(dòng)詞，意為“留下；丟下；落下”，所用句型leavesth.＋地點(diǎn)，意為“把某物忘在某地”。He

left

his

umbrella

on

the

train.他把傘忘在火車上了?！練w納拓展】leave

for離開前往leave

sb.alone讓某人獨(dú)自待著leave

off停止；結(jié)束

leave

behind

不帶走；丟下be

on

leave休假

leave

about亂放(東西)【妙辨異同】leave與forgetforget意為“忘記”，forget

sth.意為“忘記某事”；forget

to

do

sth.意為“忘了去做某事”。leave

sth.＋地點(diǎn)意為“把某物落在某處”。I

forgot

to

turn

off

the

lights

when

I

went

out.我出門時(shí)忘記關(guān)燈了。I've

left

my

bag

on

the

bus.我把包丟在公共汽車上了。5．Welles

was

so

convincing

that

hundreds

of

peoplebelieved

the

story，and

panic

set

off

across

the

wholecountry.韋爾斯講得如此令人信服，以至于成百上千的人都相信這件事是真的，從而引發(fā)了全國(guó)范圍的恐慌。(Unit

10)【考點(diǎn)透析】so...that...意為“如此……以至于……”，常用來(lái)引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句。The

little

girl

was

so

tired

that

she

couldn't

walk

further.那個(gè)小女孩太累了，以至于不能再往前走了?！練w納拓展】so...that...與such...that...so...that...結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句①so＋形容詞/副詞＋that從句②so＋形容詞＋a(an)/few/little...＋名詞＋that從句名詞前有many,much,

few,little等詞修飾時(shí)，不用such而用sosuch...that...結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句such＋a(an)．..＋形容詞＋名詞＋

that從句It

is

so

good

a

book

that

we

all

like

reading

it.＝It

is

such

a

good

book

that

we

all

like

reading

it.那是一本如此好的書，以至于我們都愛讀。I

bought

so

many

books

that

I

couldn't

wait

to

read

them.我買了很多的書，以至于我迫不及待地想去讀。注意：下列三個(gè)句式可以相互轉(zhuǎn)化。①so＋adj./adv....that＋否定句...②too＋adj./adv....to

do

sth.③...not＋adj./adv....enough

to

do

sth.6．She

was

thrilled，because

she

really

wanted

to

get

married.她很激動(dòng)，因?yàn)樗娴南虢Y(jié)婚。(Unit

10)【考點(diǎn)透析】

marry一般用作及物動(dòng)詞，可作“娶”講，也可作“嫁”講，其后直接跟賓語(yǔ)，不能說(shuō)marry

withsb.。She

married

a

man

with

a

lot

of

money.她嫁給了一個(gè)很有錢的人。She

married

her

daughter

to

a

doctor.她把女兒嫁給了一位醫(yī)生。【妙辨異同】get

married與be

married意為“結(jié)婚”，表示相同點(diǎn)：二者都可以和介詞

to連用，但不能接with。get

married動(dòng)作，不能與表示一段時(shí)間的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。意為“結(jié)婚”，表示be

married狀態(tài)，能與表示一段時(shí)間的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用When

did

she

get

married？她什么時(shí)候結(jié)婚的？They

have

been

married

for

five

years.他們結(jié)婚已經(jīng)五年了?？键c(diǎn)訓(xùn)練基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)過(guò)關(guān)一、詞匯應(yīng)用(10

分)(一)根據(jù)句意及漢語(yǔ)提示完成單詞(5

分)He

has

invented

(發(fā)明)

a

new

way

of

makingsilk.The

boys

were

throwing

(投)

stones

into

theriver

when

I

passed

there.The

children

rushed

(沖)out

of

the

classroomat

the

end

of

their

lesson.He

was

wearing a

new

cap，but I

didn't

evennotice

(注意)it.The

sun

rises

(升起)in

the

east

and

sets

in

thewest.(二)用方框中所給詞組的適當(dāng)形式填空(5分)on

time accordingto

omore

than fall

intoThe

teacher

will

divide

all

the

students

into

sixgroups.My

grandfather

is

more

than

ninety

years

old.According

to

today's

newspaper，we

shall

havecold

weather

next

week.It's

dangerous

to

skate

on

the

river

in

winterbecause

you

may

fall

into

it.You

can

keep

the

books

for

two

weeks

beforeyou

return

it

on

time.二、按要求完成句子(10

分)1．Chinese

invented

paper

making

in

Eastern

HanDynasty.(改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))Paper

making

was

invented

in

Eastern

HanDynastyby

Chinese.2

．A

history

book

was

given

to

me

by

myteacher.(改為主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))My

teacher

gave

me

ahistory

book.3.

I

think

the

most

helpful

invention

isalarm_clock.(就畫線部分提問)What

do

you

think

is

the

most

helpful

invention?4．I

was

lucky;Tonny

gave

me

a

ride.(改為同義句)Luckily,

Tonny

picked

me

up.5．There

was

something

wrong

with

my

bike

on

myway

toschool.(改為同義句)My

bike

broke

down

on

my

way

to

school.三、根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示完成句子(10

分)

1．湯姆一定是弄錯(cuò)了才拿了你的字典。Tom

must

have

taken

your

dictionary

by

mistake

.2．鈴聲響起時(shí)大家必須交上試卷。Everyone

has

to

hand

in

your

paper

when

the

bellgoes

off

.如果你撞到某人，你應(yīng)該說(shuō)“對(duì)不起”。If you

knock

into

somebody,

you

should

say

“I'msorry.”打擾一下，能讓我搭車嗎？Excuse

me，could

you

please

give

me

a

ride?

5．機(jī)器壞了。我將找人幫我修理一下它。The

machine

broke

down.

I'll

ask

someone

to

helpme

repair

it.綜合能力提高一、單項(xiàng)選擇(10分)1．The

robots

are

for

doing

housework.

Theyare

reallyamazing.A．used

B．sent

C．a(chǎn)sked

D．discovered解析：考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。use“用來(lái)”；send“派遣，安排”；ask“要求”；discover“發(fā)現(xiàn)”。be

used for表示“被用來(lái)做某事”，句意為“這些機(jī)器人被用來(lái)做家務(wù)，真讓人驚奇”。故選A。答案：A2．(2013·雅安)He

fortenyears.A．has

been

married

B．marriedC．got

married D．has

married解析：marry是非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，在現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的肯定句中不能與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用，應(yīng)用bemarried替換。故選A項(xiàng)。答案：APapermaking

is

ofancientChina.one

of

greatest

inventorone

of

the

greatest

inventorsone

of

greatest

inventionone

of

the

greatest

inventions解析：考查“oneof＋形容詞最高級(jí)＋名詞復(fù)數(shù)”的用法。形容詞great

的最高級(jí)greatest

前面需要加the

。inventor“發(fā)明者”；invention“發(fā)明物”。故選D。答案：D4．The

man

tried

several

times

to

start

the

car,

and

hesucceeded

.A．in

the

pastB．in

the

endC．a(chǎn)t

first解析：in

theD．a(chǎn)t

oncepast“在過(guò)去”；intheend“最終”；atfirst“首先”；at

once“立刻”。由句意可知選B項(xiàng)。答案：B5．

I

walked

into

class,

the

teacher

had

startedteaching

already.A．By

the

time

B．WhileC．After

D．Because解析：考查連詞辨析。by

the

time“當(dāng)……時(shí)候”；

while“當(dāng)……時(shí)候(多用于進(jìn)行時(shí))”；after“在……之后”；because“因?yàn)椤?。句意為“?dāng)我走進(jìn)教室時(shí)，老師已經(jīng)開始上課了”。故選A。答案：A6．The

water

is

not

enough.

Add

some

moresugar,

please.A．crispy

B．sweetC．salty

D．sour解析：考查形容詞辨析。crispy“脆的”；sweet“甜的”；

salty“咸的”；sour“酸的”。根據(jù)下文“加糖”的要求

可知應(yīng)選B。答案：B7．The

dish

doesn't

nice.

I

don't

think

it

has

agood

.A．taste;

taste B．look;

lookC．taste;

look D．look;

taste解析：考查系動(dòng)詞及名詞辨析。句意為“這道菜看起來(lái)不好。我認(rèn)為它的味道也不會(huì)好”。第一空為系動(dòng)詞，意為“看起來(lái)”，第二空為名詞，意為“味道”。答案：D8．—Did

you

watch

the

basketball

match

this

morning?—Oh,

my

alarm

clock

didn't

.

When

I

woke

up,the

match

had

been

over.A．go

on B．go

up C．go

off D．go

away解析：考查詞組辨析。goon“以……作為行動(dòng)依據(jù)；憑……判斷”；go

up“上升；上漲”；go

off“作響，發(fā)出巨響”；go

away“離開”。故選C。答案：C—Could

you

tellme

？—Sure.The

day

aftertomorrow.when

will

you

leave

for

the

U．S.A.when

Mr.

Lee

will

comewhen

your

father

returnedwhen

did

you

go

home解析：考查賓語(yǔ)從句的用法。賓語(yǔ)從句要用陳述語(yǔ)序，排除A。由答語(yǔ)句意“后天”可推測(cè)前句問的是將來(lái)的事情，故問句用一般將來(lái)時(shí)。故選B。答案：B10．(2013·濱州)Li

Na

is

famous

allthe

tennis

fans

in

China

know

her.A．too;

to B．enough;

toC．a(chǎn)s;

as D．so;

that解析：

考查so...that的用法。由all

the

tennis

fans

inChina

know

her是個(gè)句子可知用so...that連接兩個(gè)句子。答案：D二、完形填空(30

分)閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意。然后從每小題所給的A、B、C

三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出一個(gè)最佳選項(xiàng)。When

I

was

in

primary

school,

I

had

a

bigwhat

it2

Iargument

with

a

boy

in

my

class.

I

can't

1

was

about,

but

I

have

never

forgotten

thelearned

that

day.I

was

sure

that

I

was

right

and

he

was

wrong.3

，

he

strongly

believed

that

I

was

wrong

and

he

wasright.

The

teacher

decided

to

teach

us

a

lesson.

She

4

a

good

idea.

She

brought

both

of

us

to

the

front

of

theclass

and

placed

him

on

one

side

of

her

grey

desk

andme

on

5

.In

the

middle

of

the

desk

was

a

large,

roundobject.

It

was

6

for

me

to

see

that

it

was

black.

Sheasked

the

boy

what

color

the

object

was.

“

7

，”

heanswered

in

a

loud

voice.I

couldn't

8

that

the

object

was

white,considering

that

it

was

certainly

black!

One

moreargument

started

between

the

boy

and

me,

this

time

9

the

color

of

the

object.The

teacher

told

me

togo

stand

where

the

boy

wasstanding

and

told

him

tocome

stand

where

I

had

been.We

changed

10

，

and

then

she

asked

me

what

thecolor

of

the

object

was.

I

11

answer,

“White.”

It

wasthen

that

I

knew

what

was

wrong.

It

was

anobject

withtwo

12

colored

sides,

and

from

his

side

it

was

white.13

from

my

side

was

it

black.My

teacher

taught

me

a

very

important

lesson

thatday:

You

mustand

look

at

thein other

person's

position (位置)through

their

eyes

in

order

totruly

understand

their

ideas.【主旨大意】本文主要講述了“我”和一個(gè)男孩經(jīng)常爭(zhēng)吵，在老師的幫助下，一件小事讓我們得到了深刻的教訓(xùn)，即要換角度思考，要學(xué)會(huì)根據(jù)具體的情況來(lái)分析問題。1．A.

understand

B．remember

C．explain解析：考查動(dòng)詞辨析。understand“理解”；

remember“記住”；explain“解釋”。根據(jù)下文中的“but

I

have

never

forgotten”可知，此處表示“我不記得是關(guān)于什么內(nèi)容了”。故選B。答案：B2．A.

class

B．subject

C．lesson解析：考查名詞辨析。class“班級(jí)”；subject“科目”；

lesson“功課，教訓(xùn)”。根據(jù)文章最后一段中“Myteacher

taught

me

a

very

important

lesson

that

day”可知，此處指“那天我得到的教訓(xùn)”，故選C。答案：C3．A.

Therefore

B．Also

C．However解析：考查連詞的用法。therefore“因此”，表示因果；

also“也”；however“然而”，表示轉(zhuǎn)折。由語(yǔ)境可知，前后句之間存在轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故選C。答案：C4．A. came

up

withB．went

on

withC．got

along

with解析：考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。come

up

with“提出，想出”；go

on with“繼續(xù)”；get

along with“與……相處”。句意為“她想出了一個(gè)好主意”。故選A。答案：A5．A.

another

B．other C．the

other解析：考查不定代詞的用法。根據(jù)“one

side

of

her

greydesk”

可知，此處表示“我在桌子的另外一邊”，

one...theother...表示“一個(gè)……另外一個(gè)……”，符合語(yǔ)境。故選C。答案：C6．A.

hard

B．clear

C．lucky解析：考查形容詞辨析。hard“困難的，堅(jiān)硬的”；

clear“清楚的”；lucky“幸運(yùn)的”。根據(jù)下文“我簡(jiǎn)直不敢相信那東西是白色的”可知，此處表示“我看得很清楚是黑色的”。故選B。答案：B7．A.

Black

B．White

C．Grey解析：考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)下文中的“the

object

waswhite”可知，此處男孩回答的是“白色”。故選B。答案：B8．A.

realize

B．describe

C．believe解析：考查動(dòng)詞辨析。realize“意識(shí)到”；describe“描述”；believe“相信”。根據(jù)上文可知，“我”認(rèn)為是黑色的，而男孩說(shuō)是白色的。由此可判斷“我簡(jiǎn)直不敢相信那東西是白色的”。故選C。答案：C9．A.

like

B．a(chǎn)gainst

C．a(chǎn)bout解析：考查介詞的用法。句意為“我和男孩又開始爭(zhēng)吵起來(lái)了，這次是關(guān)于物體的顏色”。about“關(guān)于”，符合句意。故選C。答案：C10．A.

places

B．objects

C．opinions解析：考查名詞辨析。place“地方”；object“物體”；

opinion“觀點(diǎn)”。根據(jù)上句的描述可知，“我們更換的是位置”。故選A。答案：A11．A.

could

B．should C．had

to解析：考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，在事實(shí)面前，“我”不得不回答“白色”。hadto“不得不”，符合語(yǔ)境。故選C。答案：C12．A.

similarly

B．differently

C．brightly解析:考查副詞辨析。similarly“相似地”；

differently“不同地”；brightly“明亮地”。根據(jù)上文提到的白色和黑色可知，此處表示“一個(gè)物體有兩個(gè)不同顏色的面”。故選B。答案：B13．A.

But

B．Still

C．Only解析：考查副詞的用法。but表示轉(zhuǎn)折；still“一直，仍然”；only“僅僅”。句意為“僅僅從我這邊看它是黑色的”。根據(jù)句意及句子為倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)可知，應(yīng)選C。答案：C14．A.

appear

B．stand

C．hide解析：考查動(dòng)詞辨析。appear“出現(xiàn)”；