Chapter1

EconomicsandtheEconomyDavidBegg,StanleyFischerandRudigerDornbusch,Economics,6thEdition,McGraw-Hill,2000PowerPointpresentationbyPeterSmith0WhatisEconomics?ECONOMICS...isthestudyofhowsocietydecides:WhatForwhomHow

toproduce...1ThepriceofoilTripledin1973-74,anddoubledagainin1979-80…andaffectedpeopleallovertheworld.2AnincreaseinthepriceofoilaffectsWhattoproducelessoil-intensiveproductsHowtoproducelessoil-intensivetechniquesForwhomtoproduceoilproducershavemorebuyingpower,importershaveless3ThedistributionofworldpopulationandGNP,19984ScarcityforceschoicestobemadeOpportunitycostacrucialconceptineconomicanalysisthequantityofothergoodsthatmustbesacrificedtoobtainanotherunitofagood5TheproductionpossibilityfrontierForeachleveloftheoutputofonegood,theproductionpossibilityfrontiershowsthemaximumamountoftheothergoodthatcanbeproduced.FilmoutputFoodoutputProductionpossibilityfrontier6TheoperationofmarketsMarketashorthandexpressionfortheprocessbywhichhouseholds’decisionsaboutconsumptionofalternativegoodsfirms’decisionsaboutwhatandhowtoproduceandworkers’decisionsabouthowmuchandforwhomtoworkareallreconciledbyadjustmentofprices7ResourceallocationResourceallocationiscrucialforasocietyandishandledindifferentwaysindifferentsocieties,e.g.:CommandeconomyMixedeconomyFreemarket8Ma罪rk舞et左o聯(lián)ri關(guān)en唯ta按ti且onCu未baCh寶in術(shù)aHu統(tǒng)ng筋ar軟ySw針ed錄enUKUS刻AHo威ng暢K訂on呼gCo宰mm搜a(bǔ)n秤dec唯on征om防yFr振eema攜rk善etec夫on處om叨y9No照rm祝at蜻iv賞e鉤an適d丟Po繼si喚ti炊ve卵E患co螞no噸mi偷csPo殼si菊ti蝦ve婦e該co析no次mi佛cs尼d截ea礎(chǔ)ls叢w惕it輝h驚ob逃je方ct問iv途e如ex籮pl說an船at辟io勵ne.戲g.嗎i善f魂a包ta誼x萄is提i梢mp鑒os咸ed是o始n麗a請go棋od腦i銅ts戒p彩ri篇ce棍w韻il望l緩te痛nd撕t韻o蛙ri連seNo嫂rm陽at湯iv邀e巖ec殲on柱om倉ic胃s配of嬸fe東rs辭p勇re允sc火ri沃pt驕io俱ns案b若as統(tǒng)ed便o拾n殘va執(zhí)lu菌e渾ju冶dg暑em廣en央tse.亡g.鞏a稻t惑ax警S觀HO龜U(kuò)L冶D茫be翁i路mp相os春ed梅o簡n瀉to級ba裕cc私o眨to華d雙is倡co哭ur句ag蜘e珠sm民ok類in負(fù)g10Mi梨cr輸o棋an株d墻Ma俯cr綱oMi亞cr宵oe災(zāi)co梯no傷mi洲csof致fe糧rs艱a知d意et促ai鋒le嶼d露tr年ea含tm果en撲t漲of顆i倘nd蠟iv歲id州ua臨l錢ec般on挎om張ic如de蹈ci腎si魂on焰s世ab謝ou冠t肺pa逐rt剃ic綠ul楚ar苗c佛om升mo系di蕩ti暑esMa坦cr夾oe想co類