2022年湖南省常德市津市第五中學(xué)高三英語聯(lián)考試卷含解析一、選擇題1.—I’dratherhavesomewine,ifyoudon’tmind.—

.Don’tforgetyoumustdrive.A.Anythingbutthat

B.ByallmeansC.Takeiteasy

D.Iwon’tsaynotothis參考答案：A2.Manydifficultieshave_____asaresultofthechangeovertoanewtypeoffuel.A.risen

B.raised

C.aroused

D.arisen參考答案：D略3.21．“You'llhavetowaitfortwohours,________is,atabout11：30,________themedicalreportwillcomeout,”thedoctorsaidtome.A．that;when

B．which;that

C．that;which

D．it;whose參考答案：A略4.Nomatterhow

______，scientistsareeagertoknowmoreaboutitbyexploring.A.anoceanmaybedeep

B.deepmayanoceanbeC.deepanoceanmaybe

D.mayanoceanbedeep參考答案：C略5.

AnewMinistryofEducationreportsaysabouthalfofmiddleschoolstudentsdonotweigha______amount.A.common

B.usual

C.ordinary

D.normal

參考答案：D6.Eventually,thepresidenthadtoleaveoffice________publicpressureinordertoeasethetensionofthesituation.A.infavorof B.inresponseto C.inreturnto D.inhonorof參考答案：B【詳解】考查介詞短語。句意：最后，總統(tǒng)不得不迫于公眾壓力而離任，以緩和局勢的緊張。A.infavorof支持；B.inresponseto對…回應(yīng)；C.inreturnto作為對…的回報；

D.inhonorof紀(jì)念。分析句子可知總統(tǒng)不得不迫于公眾壓力而離任。結(jié)合選項，故選B。7.—Thisapplepieistoosweet,don’tyouthinkso?—____________.Ithinkit’sjustright,actually.A.Ihopeso

B.NotreallyC.Soundsgood

D.Nowonder參考答案：B試題分析：考查情景交際。答語“事實上我覺得還好”和問句“蘋果派太甜了，你不這么覺得么？”形成了相反的態(tài)度，故選擇Notreally表達(dá)不贊同的態(tài)度。8.Jimhasbeen______withhisbosssincehedroveawaythecompany’sbiggestcustomer.A.outoffavor B.outoforder C.outofhand D.outofplace參考答案：A【詳解】考查介詞短語詞義辨析。句意：因為他把公司最大的顧客都驅(qū)趕走了，所以在老板處失寵了。A.outoffavor失寵；B.outoforder發(fā)生故障；C.outofhand失控。D.outofplace不合適。根據(jù)句意選A。9.Oncewediscoveramistake,weshouldnot______itbutcorrectitimmediately,tocreatebetterconditionsforeconomicdevelopment.

A.ignore

B.refuse

C.deny

D.miss參考答案：A10.SherlockHolmesisfamous____adetectiveasheisknown___everybody____hisquickthinkingandcarefulobservation.A.as;to;for B.to;for;by C.for;to;as D.to;as;for參考答案：A【詳解】考查介詞。句意：因為其敏捷的思維和細(xì)致的觀察為世人所熟知，夏洛克·福爾摩斯作為一名偵探而出名。根據(jù)句意，第一空使用了befamousas（作為…..出名）這個固定搭配，第二空使用了beknownto(為…所熟知)這個固定搭配，根據(jù)句意第三空表達(dá)的是“因為敏捷的思維和細(xì)致的觀察力而出名”，這是要用介詞for，介詞for有“因為”的意思。綜合選A項。11.Althoughthecountryhashadpoliticalindependenceforoveracentury,____itneedsthesupportofitsneighbours.A.naturally

B.economically

C.especially

D.luckily參考答案：

B27.H1N1controlandpreventionisa

toChinaaswellasthewholeworld．

A.surprise

B.challenge

C.reaction

D.threat參考答案：B略13.Intheirhearts,someAmericanwomenthinkitismen’sbusinesstomakemoneyand

tospendit.

A．they

B．theirs

C．them

D．their參考答案：B14.Itisgenerallybelievedthatteachingis

itisascience.A.anartmuchas

B.muchanartas

C.asanartmuchas

D.asmuchanartas參考答案：D15._______bythegrowinginterestinnature,moreandmorepeopleenjoyoutdoorsports.A.Influenced

B.Influencing C.Havinginfluenced

D.Tobeinfluenced參考答案：A略16.WhenPengLiyuansteppedofftheplaneinMoscow,thewholeworldwantedtoknow________

dressedtheelegantfirstlady.A.what

B.who

C.how

D.that參考答案：B二、完型填空17.

Peoplethinkchildrenshouldplaysports.Sportsarefun,andplayingwithothers.However,playingsportscanhave__50

effectsonchildren.Itmayproducefeelingsofpoorself-respectoraggressivebehaviorinsomechildren.Accordingtoresearchonkidsandsports,40,000,000kidsplaysportsintheUS.Ofthese,18,000,000saytheyhavebeen__51

atorcallednameswhileplayingsports.Thisleavesmanychildrenwithabad__52

ofsports.Theythinksportsarejusttooaggressive.Manyresearchersbelieveadults,especiallyparentsandcoaches,arethemain53

oftoomuchaggressionillchildren'ssports.Theybelievechildren_54_aggressiveadultbehavior.Thisbehavioristhenfurtherstrengthenedthroughbothpositiveandnegativefeedback.Parentsandcoachesarepowerfulteachersbecausechildrenusuallylookuptothem.Oftentheseadultsbehaveaggressivelythemselves,sendingchildrenthemessagethat55

iseverything.Manyparentsgotochildren'ssportingeventsandshout56_atotherplayersorcheerwhentheirchildbehaves__57__.Aswell,childrenarceventaughtthathurtingotherplayersis_58orarepushedtocontinueplayingevenwhentheyareinjured59,themediamakesviolenceseemexciting.Childrenwatchadultsportsgamesandseeviolentbehaviorreplayedoverandoverontelevision.Asasociety,wereallyneedto60

thisproblemanddosomethingaboutit.Parentsandcoaches61shouldactasbetterexamplesforchildren.Theyalsoneedtoteachchildrenbetter62

.Theyshouldnotjustcheerwhenchildrenwinoractaggressively.Theyshouldteachchildrento_63

,themselveswhethertheywinornot.Besides,childrenshouldnotbeallowedtocontinuetoplaywhentheyareinjured.Ifadultsallowchildrentoplaywheninjured,thisgivesthemessagethat

64

isnotasimportantaswinning.50.A.restrictive

B.negative

C.active

D.instructive51.A.knocked B.glanced

C.smiled

D.shouted52.A.impression

B.concept

C.taste

D.expectation53.A.resource B.cause C.course

D.consequence54.A.question B.understand

C.copy

D.neglect55.A.winning B.practicing

C.fun

D.sport56.A.praises

B.orders

C.remarks

D.insults57.A.proudly B.ambitiously

C.aggressively

D.bravely58.A.acceptable

B.impolite

C.possible

D.accessible59.A.Bycontrast

B.Inaddition

C.Asaresult

D.Afterall60.A.lookupto

B.faceupto

C.makeupfor

D.comeupwith61.A.inparticular

B.inall

C.inreturn

D.inadvance62.A.techniques

B.means C.values

D.directions63.A.respect B.relax

C.forgive

D.enjoy64.A.body

B.fame

C.health

D.spirit參考答案：主要內(nèi)容是：人們一般認(rèn)為孩子要進(jìn)行運(yùn)動，因為運(yùn)動是有趣的，而且可以使孩子保持身體健康。然而，對孩子來說，進(jìn)行體育運(yùn)動也有消極的作用。50.B．根據(jù)句中的however可知此處是表示了語意的轉(zhuǎn)折，那么就要選擇一個表示否定、消極的意義的詞，所以選擇negative。restrictive是“受約束的，限制的”，active是“積極的”，instructive是“有教育意義的”，都不合題意。51.D．此處的shoutat和后面的callnames構(gòu)成并列關(guān)系，容易選出。52.A．根據(jù)句意“這會給孩子留下不好的印象”，leaveimpression是“留下印象”的意思。53.B．根據(jù)句意知“很多研究人員認(rèn)為，成年人，尤其是父母和教練，是在孩子的運(yùn)動出現(xiàn)很多攻擊/侵略行為的起因”，導(dǎo)致某事發(fā)生的原因用cause,其他三項意思不合句意。54.C．根據(jù)上下文可知，“他們認(rèn)為孩子在模仿/復(fù)制成年人的行為”，故選擇copy。55.A．據(jù)上下文知道，大人們經(jīng)常是有意無意地把這樣的信息傳達(dá)給孩子，那就是“在運(yùn)動中取勝就是一切”，所以，選擇winning。56.D．在運(yùn)動中對其他的選手，即對手當(dāng)然是insults(辱罵/侮辱的言行)。57.C．大人們常因為自己的孩子在運(yùn)動中表現(xiàn)出進(jìn)攻性、侵略性動作時就為之歡呼、加油。58.A．同樣，孩子們甚至被教導(dǎo)到傷害對手是可以被接受的，所以選擇acceptable,impolite是“不禮貌的”，possible是“可能的”，accessible是“易接近的”，均不合題意。59.B．這里是又說到了另外的一個方面，即media的作用，所以，此處要填inaddition。60.B．此處考查短語意思辨析。faceupto是“面對，直面”的意思，符合句意。lookupto是“尊重”的意思，makeupfor是“彌補(bǔ)，補(bǔ)償”的意思，comeupwith是“提出，提供，趕上”的意思，都不合句意。61.A．此處填inparticular表示“尤其”，強(qiáng)調(diào)尤其是父母或教練應(yīng)當(dāng)給孩子們樹立起好的榜樣。inall是“總共”，inreturn是“作為報答，作為回報”,inadvance是“提前”的意思，都不合此處意思。62.C．根據(jù)句意，“父母或教練應(yīng)該教給孩子更好的價值觀”，而不是“技術(shù)、手段、方向”。63.D．enjoyoneself是固定搭配，意為“過得愉快”，其他三項意思不符。64.C．根據(jù)句意“如果大人們告訴孩子受傷了也要繼續(xù)進(jìn)行運(yùn)動，他們就給了孩子這樣的信息，即：生命健康不如獲勝重要”，所以此處要選擇health，而不是body(身體)，fame(名譽(yù))，spirit(精神)。三、閱讀理解18.Astherapiddevelopmentofartificialintelligence(AI),therearegrowingconcernsthatrobotscouldbecomeathreat.Thisdangercanbeavoided,accordingtoStuartRussell,acomputerscienceprofessor,ifwefigureouthowtoturnhumanvaluesintoacomputerprogram.Russellarguesthatasrobotstakeonmorecomplicated(復(fù)雜的)tasks,it’snecessarytohavethemactonhumanvalues.Forexample,ifarobotdoeschoresaroundthehouse,youwouldn’twantittoputthepetcatonthestovetomakedinnerforthehungrychildren.“Topreventthetragedy,youmusthaveitprogrammedwithagoodsetofvalues,”saidRussell.Atpresent,somerobotsarealreadyprogrammedwithbasichumanvalues.Forexample,mobilerobotshavebeenprogrammedtokeepacomfortabledistancefromhumans.Obviouslythereareculturaldifferences,butifyouweretalkingtoanotherpersonandhecameupcloseinyourpersonalspace,youwouldn’tthinkthat’sthekindofthingaproperlybrought-uppersonwoulddo.Itwillbepossibletocreatemorehuman-friendlymoralmachines,ifonlywecanfindawaytosetouthumanvaluesasclearrules.Thisisn’ttoodifficultintechnologyifhumansdoresolvetohaverobotsbehaveaccordingtohumanmoralcriteria.Afterallrobotshaveabilitytolearnvaluesfromdrawingpatternsfromlargesetsofdataonhumanbehavior.Theyaredangerousonlyifprogrammersarecareless.Thebiggestconcernwithrobotsgoingagainsthumanvaluesisthathumanbeingsfailtodoenoughtestingandthey’veproducedasystemthatwillbreaksomekindoftaboo(禁忌).Therefore,it’snecessarytohavetherobotgothroughaself-checkprogramtomakesureitwillreactbyfollowinghumanvalueswhenpresentedwithanunusualsituation.29.WhatdoesRussellthinkaboutthethreatofrobots?A.Itisabigchallengetocomputerprogrammers.B.It’llpushthedevelopmentofhightechnology.C.Itcanbeavoidedifrobotsactonhumanvalues.D.It’llbeamustastechnologygetsmorecomplicated.30.Whatdoyouthinkofapersonwhogetsintoyourpersonalspaceaccordingtotheauthor?A.Aggressive.

B.Outgoing.

C.Friendly.

D.Bad-mannered.31.Basedonthepassage,robotslearnhumanvaluesby_________.A.communicatingwithhumansineverydaylifesituationsB.followingthedailyroutinesofcivilizedhumanbeingsC.pickinguppatternsfromhugedataonhumanbehaviorD.copyingthebehaviorofproperlybrought-uphumans32.Howcanwemakesurethatrobots’behaviorisn’taffectedbyhumans’carelessness?A.Putinamoralself-checkprogram.B.Stoptoseekadvicefromahumanbeing.C.Keepadistancefrompossibledangers.D.Dosufficienttestingbeforetakingaction.參考答案：29-32

CDCA

19.閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)上下文填入適當(dāng)?shù)脑~語，或使用括號中的詞語的適當(dāng)形式填空。Eachofusfailsfromtimetotime.Ifwearewise,weacceptthesefailuresas