語法專項(xiàng)復(fù)習(xí)------

ObjectClause賓語從句

一、賓語從句的概念

賓語從句即句子作賓語，而不再是一個(gè)詞或短語作賓語。Ilikemyteacher.（名詞作賓語)Iknowhim.（代詞作賓語）IknowMrLiteachesEnglish.(句子作賓語）包含賓語從句的句子結(jié)構(gòu)：主句+連接詞（引導(dǎo)詞）+賓語從句二、賓語從句三要素連接詞時(shí)態(tài)語序（一）連接詞1.that2.whether/if3.連接代詞whowhomwhosewhatwhich4.

連接副詞whenwhywherehow。由從屬連詞that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句注：that在句中無詞匯意義，在從句中不能充當(dāng)成分，在口語當(dāng)中往往省略e.g.Ihear(that)_______________________.（一小時(shí)后他會回來）Hesaid(that)______________________.（他非常想念我們）Theteachertoldus(that)___________________________.（地球圍著太陽轉(zhuǎn)）

hewillbebackinanhour

hemissedusverymuch

theearthmovesaroundthesun注意：當(dāng)從句是客觀真理的時(shí)候，無論主句什么時(shí)態(tài)，從句一律用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)由從屬連詞whether,if引導(dǎo)的賓語從句e.g.1.Askhim_____________________.（他是否能來）2.Idon’tknow___________________________.（是否要下雨）

whether(if)hecancome

whetheritisgoingtorainornot當(dāng)句末為ornot時(shí)，引導(dǎo)詞只能用whether而不能用if.If與whether的區(qū)別Idon’tknow_____hewillcomeornot.Idon’tcareof______heishandsome.Hewondered______tostayherethenextweek.____hewillcomeisnotdecided.與ornot連用只能用whether介詞后只能用whether與todo不定式連用只能用whether作主語只能用whether由連接代詞what,whom,whose,which,what及連接副詞

when,where,how,why引導(dǎo)的賓語從句whenwe’llhaveameetingwhereheishowIcangettothestationwhythetrainislatewhocouldanswerthequestion1.Heasked__________________________.(誰能回答這個(gè)問題）2.Doyouknow_________________________.（他們在等誰）3.Pleasetellme_______________________.（我們什么時(shí)候開會）4.Canyoutellme_______________.（他在哪兒）5.Couldyoutellme______________________.（我該怎么去車站）6.Wouldyoutellme_________________（為什么火車遲到了）

whomtheyarewaitingfor2.如果主句的時(shí)態(tài)是一般過去時(shí)，賓語從句只能用相應(yīng)的_________時(shí)態(tài)（一般過去時(shí)，過去進(jìn)行時(shí)，過去將來時(shí)，過去完成時(shí)）。例如：

HetoldmethathewasborninBeijingin1992.

HesaidthathewouldgobacktotheU.S.soon.

過去3.如果賓語從句所陳述的是客觀真理，即使主句用了過去時(shí)，從句仍用_______時(shí)態(tài)。例如：

Theteachersaidthattheearthmovesaroundthesun.

一般現(xiàn)在三、賓語從句與簡單句的轉(zhuǎn)換（一）當(dāng)賓語從句的主語和主句的主語相同，且主句的謂語動(dòng)詞是hope,wish,decide,agree,choose等時(shí)，從句可簡化為不定式結(jié)構(gòu)。

eg:(1)IhopethatIcanreceiveyoure-mail.

→I

hopetoreceiveyoure-mail_______________________.(二）當(dāng)賓語從句的主語和主句的主語相同，且主句的謂語動(dòng)詞是know,remember,forget,learn等時(shí)，從句可簡化為“疑問詞+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)。

eg:(2)Shedoesn’tknowwhatsheshoulddonext.

→Shedoesn’tknow________________.(三）當(dāng)主句的謂語動(dòng)詞是ask,tell,show,teach等時(shí)，從句可簡化為“疑問詞+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)。

eg:(3)WillyoupleaseshowmehowIcanworkitout?

→Willyoupleaseshowme___________________.(四）當(dāng)直接引語為祈使句，變?yōu)殚g接引語時(shí)，用ask/tell/orderSb.(not)todosth結(jié)構(gòu)。

eg:(4)A:Pleasebequiet.B:WhatdidBillsay?A:Heaskedustobequiet.whattodonexthowtoworkitout四、否定轉(zhuǎn)移在含有賓語從句的主從復(fù)合句中，當(dāng)主句的主語為第一人稱，謂語動(dòng)詞是think，believe,guess,suppose等時(shí)，要將從句的否定詞轉(zhuǎn)移到主句中，即主句的謂語動(dòng)詞用否定式，賓語從句的謂語動(dòng)詞用肯定式。

eg:(5)Idon’tthinkhewillcomewithyou.

注意：這種句子在其后接附加問句時(shí)，要特別小心。

eg:(6)Idon’tbelievehehasfinishedthework,________?(7)HeknewwhyJimwasn’tatschool,___________?

解析：例6，當(dāng)主句的主語為第一人稱時(shí)，附加問句的主語由賓語從句的主語充當(dāng)。例7，如果主句的主語非第一人稱時(shí)，則附加問句的主語由主句的主語充當(dāng)。hashedidn’the１．Doyouknow__________________?A.wheredoessheliveB.sheliveswhereC.whereshelivesD.whereshelive2.Hisparentswantedtoknowwhathe______atthattime.A.isdoingB.wasdoingC.hasdoneD.willdoCB鞏固練習(xí)：I．從下列A、B、C、D中選擇一個(gè)正確選項(xiàng)填空。4．Lily’smotherlookedforherforhalfanhour,butcouldnotfind________?whatLilywas

B.whatwasLilyC.whereLilywasD.wherewasLily

C3.—Wedon’tknow______.--ItissaidthathewasborninCanada.whatheisB.whenhewasbornC.wherehecomesfromD.ifheliveshere

C5Thegirlsaskedifthey____somefoodanddrinkwiththem.A.tookB.takeC.takesD.willtake6Lindasaidthemoon___roundtheearth.A.travelledB.hastravelledC.travelsD.hadtravelledAC7.Couldyoupleasetellme________hewillcomeheretomorrow?A.ifB.weatherC.whatD.which

A8.Couldyoutellme___?A.whenwilltheyleaveBeijingB.whenwouldtheyleaveBeijingC.whentheywillleaveBeijingD.whendidtheyleaveBeijingCII.改錯(cuò)：1.MissZhangaskedmewhywasIlateforschool.__________________________________________MissZhangaskedmewhyIwaslateforschool.2.Fathertoldmethesunalwaysroseintheeast.__________________________________________Fathertoldmethesunalwaysrisesintheeast.3.Hedoesn’tknowthatwhenshecancomeback.__________________________________________Hedoesn’tknowwhenshecancomeback.Theradiosaysit_________cloudytomorrow.(be)Theheadmasterhopeseverything______well.(go)Tomsaysthatthey____________(play)basketballatsixo’clockyesterdayevening.Ihearhe__________(return)italready.Hesaidthatthey_________membersofthePartysince1948.(be)Heaskedwhatthey__________ateightlastnight.(do)Theteachertoldhisclassthatlight_______fasterthansound.(travel)Ithinkyou__________abouttherelayracenow.(talk)Ididn’tknowwhomtheletters_________from.(be)

willbe

goes

wereplaying

hasreturned

hadbeen

travels

aretalking

were

weredoing10.Ididn’tknowwhattimehe_______theletter.(write)11.MissWangtoldmethattheearth______(move)roundtheearth.12.Couldyoutellmewho_________awaythebookalready?(take)13.LingFengtoldmehe_________toseveraltimes.(be)14.Ourteachertoldusinclassthesun_______intheeast.(rise)15.Canyoutellmewhatthey______yesterday?(do)

wrote

moves

hastaken

hasbeenrisesdid將下列句子合并為一句:1.Wheredotheystopontheway?Iasked.2.Whatwillyousayatthemeeting?Couldyoutellme?3.Dotheyliketomakefriendswithus?Heasked.4.“Iamdoingmyhomework.”Hesaid.5.“Iwillcomeback.”Tomsaid.Iaskedwheretheystoppedontheway.Couldyoutellmewhatyouwillsayatthemeeting?Heaskediftheylikedtomakefriendswiththem.Hesaidthathewasdoinghishomework.Tomsaidthathewouldcomeback.6.“Ishedoinghishome