TeachingPlanforTranslationTitleofLesson:IntroductionofC-ETranslationandTranslationPrincipleWeek1-2TimeNeeded:fourperiods(45minutesperperiod)?TeachingObjectives：HelpthestudentstounderstandtheC-E(ChineseintoEnglish)Translationprinciple文檔收?KeyTeachingPoints:1．ThethreeC-Etranslationprinciple2．Translationisnotawordforwordactivity?DifficultTeachingPoints:1．Translationconcernstheexchangeofbothlanguages&cultures文檔收集自網(wǎng)絡(luò)，僅用于個(gè)人學(xué)2．ThethreeC-EtranslationprinciplesTeachingContents:Leadingin:examplesfromsomeseniorstudents'thesis:山姆是個(gè)什么樣的人呢？WhatpersonisSam?改成WhatkindofpersonisSam?你能忍受一位丈夫總是樂于助人卻對(duì)自己應(yīng)該負(fù)擔(dān)的家庭責(zé)任從不放在心上嗎？Canyouputupwithahusbandbereadytoanybody'sbusinessbuthisown?Andtodonothingaboutfamilyduty?改成Canyouputupwithahusbandwhoisreadytoanybody'sbusinessbuthisown?Nobodycanstandahusbandwhoneverconsidershisfamilydutyseriously.很多人都認(rèn)為父愛如山。Manypeopleholdthatfather'slovelikeahill.改成Manypeopleholdthatfather'sloveislikeahill.(like作為“像。。。一樣”的意思是個(gè)介詞)文檔收如果山姆能夠成為一個(gè)勤勞而實(shí)際的人，我相信他的家庭不會(huì)那么不幸福和不圓滿，并且他們倆也不會(huì)互相傷害。IfSamcanbeahard-workingandrealityman,Ibelievehisfamilywon'tbesotragedyanddissatisfy,andtheywon'thurteachother,too.改成IfSamcanbeahard-workingandpracticalman,Ibelievehisfamilywon'tbesotragicanddissatisfied,andtheywon'thurteachother,too.Translationisnotawordforwordactivity相比之下，這個(gè)軟件的設(shè)計(jì)不夠人性化。Bycomparison,thedesignofthissoftwareisnothumanized(user-friendly)enough.文檔收集自如果你開了一家上市公司，想要讓你的股票升值，你必須吸引投資者和分析家的注意力。Youmustdrawtheattentionofinvestorsandanalystsifyouhaveacompanyonsale(apublicorlistedcompany)andexpecttoincreaseitsstockvalue.我們現(xiàn)在是萬事俱備，只欠東風(fēng)。We'vegotallreadyexcept aneastwind(thecatalyst催化^U).因?yàn)檫@場(chǎng)雪暴，他們一年的勞作付之東流。Becauseofthesnowstorm,theygaveawholeyearoflabortotheeastwardriver.(theylaboredawholeyearfornothing).個(gè)人主義不但會(huì)害自己，而且有礙工作。Individualism(改成self-centerednessoregocentricity)notonlypoisonsoneselfbutalsohinderswork.drinklikefish(豪飲),feelatsea(感覺如墜云霧,迷茫得很)，守口如瓶(astightasanoyster),天涯何處無芳草(Thereisplentymorefishinthesea),糟糠之妻(ahumblewife),喝西北風(fēng)(gohungry,不要翻譯成drinkwestwind,不僅搭配不對(duì)，而且westwind在英國(guó)的含義跟中國(guó)完全不一樣，西風(fēng)溫暖而濕潤(rùn)，帶來生機(jī)與活力，這才有了雪萊的Odetothewestwind),揮金如土(spendmoneylikewater),宣傳部(ministryofpropaganda?No.Ministryofpublicity)Collocation搭配動(dòng)賓搭配做手術(shù)performanoperation 做家務(wù)dohouseholdchores文檔收集自網(wǎng)絡(luò)，僅用于個(gè)人學(xué)犯錯(cuò)誤(makeamistake)犯心臟病(sufferfromaheartattack)犯罪(commitacrime)接受高等教育receiveahighereducation 接受他們的價(jià)值觀accepttheirvalues偏正搭配嚴(yán)明的紀(jì)律(rigiddisciplines)險(xiǎn)勝(anarrowwinorvictory)熟睡(fastorsoundasleep)深山(不要說deepmountains,可以用remoteorisolatedmountains)完全醒著(widewake)完全相同(muchthesame) 完全值得(wellworth)文檔收集自充分意識(shí)到(bewellawareoforthat,fullyrealizethat)可能性很大(haveastrongpossibilityorahighprobabilitytodosth.)C-Etranslationprinciple漢語(yǔ)譯成地道英語(yǔ)的難度，出現(xiàn)各種各樣的缺失：“中國(guó)式”英語(yǔ)(解決辦法，閱讀大量原作，觀察、揣摩、總結(jié)并模仿英語(yǔ)的特點(diǎn)、規(guī)律和表達(dá)方法)。文檔收遵循三條原則：譯文必須符合英語(yǔ)的語(yǔ)法：三種軸心結(jié)構(gòu)：主－系－表結(jié)構(gòu)(S+V+P)例：人類在地球上已存在多久了？Howlonghasmanbeenonearth?牛奶變酸了。Milkturnssour.Therebe結(jié)構(gòu)(表示存在有的概念，seem(appear)tobe,seem,appear,stand,lie,get,become,arise,come)例：計(jì)算機(jī)有點(diǎn)毛病。Thereissomethingthematterwiththecomputer.隨著國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)和國(guó)防事業(yè)的發(fā)展，對(duì)通信提出了新的要求。Asournationaleconomyandnationaldefencedevelop,therearisesanewdemandforcommunications.從理論上講，供應(yīng)這么多水似乎不成問題。Intheorythereseemstobenoprobleminsupplyingthisamountofwater.c.主-謂-賓結(jié)構(gòu)(S+V+O)主－謂(主語(yǔ)＋不及物動(dòng)詞)e..g.Wheelsturn.車輪轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)。主－謂－賓eg：Menturnswheels.人們轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)車輪。主－謂－賓eg：Cowsgiveusmilk(givemilktous).toaskafavorofsb.toasksb.forafavor.主－謂－賓－賓補(bǔ)(可由名詞，形，副詞，動(dòng)詞不定式，分詞，分詞短語(yǔ)，介詞短語(yǔ)等構(gòu)成)eg：Thunderturnsmilksour.打雷使牛奶變酸。文檔收集自網(wǎng)絡(luò)，僅用于個(gè)人學(xué)習(xí)譯文必須符合英語(yǔ)的習(xí)慣表達(dá)(英語(yǔ)慣用法，避免中國(guó)式英語(yǔ))：例如：a.百聞不如一見。Seeingisbelieving.c.精神文明spiritualcivilization(含宗教色彩)ethicalandculturalprogress文檔收集自網(wǎng)絡(luò)，僅我認(rèn)為他不夠格。Idon'tthinkheisqualified.人們來五臺(tái)山，目的可不都是一樣。PeopledonotcometoWutaiMountainwithoneandthesamepurpose.譯文應(yīng)體現(xiàn)英語(yǔ)遣詞造句的特點(diǎn)，同時(shí)又應(yīng)因文體而有變化。名詞使用頻率高，特別是含有動(dòng)作性質(zhì)的抽象名詞等，可以既包