2023年考研考博-考博英語(yǔ)-西南林業(yè)大學(xué)歷年高頻考題黑鉆摘選版附帶答案（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）答案解析附后第1卷一.綜合題(共20題)1.單選題Inhernovelof“Reunion,AmericanStyle”,RonaJaffesuggeststhataclassreunion“ismorethanasentimentaljourney.Itisalsoawayofansweringthequestionthatliesatthebackofnearlyallourminds.DidtheydobetterthanI?”Jaffe’sobservationmaybemisplacedbutnotcompletelylost.AccordingtoastudyconductedbysocialpsychologistJackSparacino,theoverwhelmingmajoritywhoattendreunionsaren'tthereinvidiouslytocomparetheirrecentaccomplishmentswiththoseoftheirformerclassmates.Instead,theyhope,primarily,torelivetheirearliersuccesses.Certainly,afewreturntoshowtheirformerclassmateshowwelltheyhavedone;othersenjoyobservingthechangesthathaveoccurredintheirclassmates(notalwaysinthemselves,ofcourse).Butthemajoritywhoattendtheirclassreunionsdosotorelivethegoodtimestheyrememberhavingwhentheywereyounger.Inhisstudy,Sparacinofoundthat,ashighschoolstudents,attendeeshadbeenmorepopular,moreoftenregardedasattractive,andmoreinvolvedinextracurricularactivitiesthanthoseclassmateswhochosenottoattenD.Forthosewhoturnedupattheirreunions,then,theoldtimeswerealsothegoodtimes!ItwouldappearthatAmericanshaveaspecialfondnessforreunions,judgingbytheirprevalence.Majorleaguebaseballplayers,fraternitymembers,veteransgroups,highschoolandcollegegraduates,andformerBoyScoutsallholdreunionsonaregularbasis.Inaddition,familyreunionsfrequentlyattractbloodrelativesfromfarawayplaceswhospendconsiderablemoneyandtimetoreunite.Actually,intheiraffectionforreunitingwithfriends,familyorcolleagues,Americansareprobablynodifferentfromanyotherpeople,exceptthatAmericanshavecreatedamind-bogglingnumberandvarietyofinstitutionalizedformsofgatheringstofacilitatethesatisfactionofthisdesire.Indeed,reunionshaveincreasinglybecomeformaleventsthatareorganizedonaregularbasisand,intheprocess,theyhavealsobecomebigbusiness.ShellNorrisofClassReunion,Inc.,saysthatChicagoalonehas1,500highschoolreunionseachyear.Aconservativeestimateonthenationallevelwouldbe10,000annually.Atonetime,allhighschoolreunionswereorganizedbyvolunteers,usuallyfemalehomemakers.Inthelastfewyears,however,asmoreandmorewomenhaveenteredthelabourforce,alumnireunionsareincreasinglybeingplannedbyspecializedcompaniesratherthanbypart-timevolunteers.ThefirstcollegereunionwasheldbythealumniofYaleUniversityin1792.GraduatesofPennsylvania,Princeton,Stanford,andBrownfollowedsuit.Andbytheendofthe19thcentury,most4-yearinstitutionswereholdingalumnireunions.Thevarietyofcollegereunionsisimpressive.AtPrinceton,alumniparadethroughthetownwearingtheirclassuniformsandsingingtheiralmamater.AtMariettaCollege,theygatherforadinner-danceonasteamshipcruisingtheOhioRiver.Clearly,thethoughtofcruisingonasteamshipormarchingthroughthestreetsisusuallynot,byitself,sufficientreasonforlargenumbersofalumnitoreturntocampus.Alumniwhodecidetoattendtheirreunionsshareacommonidentitybasedontheyearstheyspenttogetherasundergraduates.Forthisreason,universitiesthatsomehowestablishacommonbond—forexample,becausetheyarerelativelysmallorespeciallyprestigious—tendtodrawsubstantialnumbersoftheiralumnitoreunions.Inanefforttoenhancethiscommonidentity,largercollegesanduniversitiesfrequentlybuildtheirclassreunionsonparticipationinsmallerunits,suchasdepartmentsorschools.Ortheyencourage“affinityreunions”forgroupsofformercheerleaders,editors,fraternitymembers,musicians,membersofmilitaryorganizationsoncampus,andthelike.Ofcourse,noteveryalumnusisfondofhisorheralmamater.Studentswhograduatedduringthelate1960smaybeespeciallyreluctanttogetinvolvedinalumnievents.Theywerepartofthegenerationthatconductedsit-insandteach-insdirectedatuniversityadministrators,protestedmilitaryrecruitmentoncampusandmarchedagainst“establishmentpolitics.”Ifthisgenerationhasacommonidentity,itmayfalloutsideoftheiruniversityties—orevenbehostiletothem.Evenastheyentertheirmiddleyears,alumniwhocontinuetoholdunpleasantmemoriesofcollegeduringthisperiodmaynotwishtoattendclassreunions.1.Accordingtothepassage,Sparacino'sstudy___.2.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasadistinctfeatureofU.S.classreunions?3.Whatmainlyattractsmanypeopletoreturntocampusforreunion?4.Therhetoricalfunctionofthefirstparagraphisto___.5.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.providedstrongevidenceforJaffe’sstatementB.showedthatattendeestendedtoexcelinhighschoolstudyC.foundthatinterestinreunionswaslinkedwithschoolexperienceD.foundevidenceforattendees'intensedesireforshowingoffsuccess問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)A.U.S.classreunionsareusuallyoccasionstoshowoffone’srecentsuccessB.ReunionsareregularandformaleventsorganizedbyprofessionalagenciesC.ClassreunionshavebecomeaprofitablebusinessD.Classreunionshavebroughtaboutavarietyofactivities問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)A.ThevarietyofactivitiesforclassreunionB.ThespecialstatustheiruniversityenjoysC.SharedexperiencebeyondthecampusD.Sharedundergraduateexperienceoncampus問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)A.introduceRonaJaffe’snovelB.presenttheauthor’scounterargumentC.serveaspreludetotheauthor’sargumentD.bringintofocuscontrastingopinions問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)A.AhistoricalperspectiveforalumnireunionsintheUnitedStatesB.ReasonsforpopularityandattendanceforalumnireunionsC.AlumnireunionsandAmericanuniversitytraditionsD.Alumnireunionanditssocialandeconomicimplications2.單選題Perfectlymatchedpearls,strungintoanecklace,bringafarhigherpricethanthesamepearlssold______.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.collectivelyB.invariablyC.reluctantlyD.individually3.單選題CambridgeUniversitywaseasily___,andhereturnedtheretobeginhismajorresearchactivities.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.accessibleB.attributableC.attainableD.attachable4.單選題Congressdelegateswaited___forthecongratulatorytelegramfromMoscowwhenthenewpartywasformed.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.intermsB.inthelongrunC.inviewD.invain5.單選題Ellenhascomeintoalotofmoneyrecentlythankstoherrelatives'___.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.generosityB.sincerityC.certaintyD.flexibility6.單選題Hetopsamongthebestcarracingofthepastfiftyyears.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.projectsB.showsC.displaysD.rates7.寫(xiě)作題Inmanycountrieschildrenareengagedinsomekindofpaidwork.Somepeopleregardthisascompletelywrong,whileothersconsideritasvaluableworkexperience,importantforlearningandtakingresponsibility.Whatareyouropinionsonthis?Writeapassageonthetopicinabout200words.YoumustwriteclearlyandlogicallyonyourAnswerSheet.8.單選題Thepresidentoftheboardalwaysgiveshisdirectionsso______thateveryonecanunderstandthem.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.simplyB.explicitlyC.largelyD.shortly9.單選題Doctorsareinterestedinusinglasersassurgicaltoolsinoperationsonpeoplewhoarepronetoheartattack.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.areinfectioustoB.areaccessibletoC.aredisposedofD.aresusceptibleto10.單選題Iamsurethatdiseasemustpropagateinsuchunsanitaryandcrowdedareas.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.eliminateB.transmitC.replaceD.isolate11.單選題Alreadyintheeighteenthandnineteenthcenturies,therehadbeenapowerfulalignmentbetweenruralculturalethicsandchurchteaching.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.allianceB.agreementC.conflictD.contradiction12.單選題SusanTellertraveledandlecturedthroughoutthecountryto___educationandprofessionalskillssothatwomencouldenterthepublicworld.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.advocateB.acquireC.proclaimD.prosecute13.單選題Scientificandtechnologicaladvancesareenablingustocomprehendthefurthestreachesofthecosmos,themostbasic______ofmatter,andthemiraclesoflife.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.bacteriaB.constituentsC.erosionD.contexts14.單選題Comicartcanbe,andoftenis,deadlyserious,atwhichpointitis___difficulttocategorizeit.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.awfullyB.indicativelyC.cruciallyD.ultimately15.單選題SpecialistMusicSchoolsHowtocopewithachildwhoshowsoutstandingmusicalability?It'snotalwaysclearhowbesttodevelopandencouragetheirgift.Manyparentsmayevenfailtorecognizeandrespondtotheirchild'sneeduntilfrustrationexplodesintodifficultoruncooperativebehavior.Andwhilemostschoolsareequippedtodealwithchildrenwhoareespeciallyableinacademicsubjects,themusicallygiftedrequirespecialunderstandingwhichmaynotalwaysbeavailableinanordinaryschoolespeciallyonewheremusicisregardedasasecondaryactivity.Suchchildren—aswellasthosewhoseabilityisactivelyencouragedbyparentsorteachers—maywellbenefitfromtheeducationofferedbyaspecialistmusicschool.ThefivemusicschoolsinBritainarearelativelyrecentintroduction.Theyaimtoprovideasympatheticenvironmentinwhichgiftedchildrenagedbetweensevenandeighteencandeveloptheirskillstothefullundertheguidanceofprofessionalmusicians.Childrenatspecialistmusicschoolsspendbetweenonethirdandonehalfofanaveragedayonmusicalactivities,forexample,individuallessons(uptothreehoursaweekonfirstandsecondinstruments),orchestras,chambergroups,voicetraining,conductingandtheory.Theyalsospendseveralhoursadaypracticinginproperlyequippedprivaterooms,sometimeswithateacher.Therestoftheirtimeistakenupwitharestrictedacademicprogram,whichtendstoconcentrateontheessentialsubjects—English,math,basicsciencesandlanguages—?althoughprovisioncanbemadeforstudentswhowishtostudyawiderrangeofsubjects.AllfiveBritishspecialistschoolsareindependent,classesaresmallbynormalschoolstandards,withahighteacher/pupilratio.Mostchildrenattendingspecialistschoolstendtobeboarders,leavinghometolive,eatandsleepfull-timeatschool.Thismeanstheyspendtheirformativeyearsinthecompanyofotherswithsimilaraimsandinterests.Whatarethedisadvantages?Anobviousproblemisthecost,thefeesarehigh(￡12,000?￡17,000ayearforboarders).However,eachschoolwillmakeeveryeffortwithscholarshipsandotherformsoffinancialassistance,tohelpparentsofoutstandinglygiftedchildrentofindthenecessaryfees.Secondly,notallparentswanttosendtheirchildrentoboardingschool,speciallyataveryearlyage.Almostallthedirectorsofthespecialistschoolsexpressdoubtsaboutthewisdomofadmittingchildrenasyoungassevenintosuchanintenseanddisciplinedenvironment.Theystress,however,thattheirmainaimistoturnout‘roundedandwell-balancedindividuals’.1.Ifachild'smusicalabilityisnotrecognized___.2.Whatproblemmaymusicallygiftedchildrenfaceinordinaryschools?3.Whatmakesspecialistmusicschoolsdifferentfromotherschools?4.Whatdomostschooldirectorsseeasapossibledisadvantageforpupils?5.Theunderlinedword‘sympathetic’inparagraphtwomeans___.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.theabilitymayfadeawayB.thechildmaymisbehaveC.theparentsmaybecomeanxiousD.thechildmayloseinterest問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)A.MusicisnotseenasanimportantsubjectB.TheiracademicworkmaysufferC.SchoolslackmusicalequipmentD.Parentsandteachersdonotworktogether問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)A.Thechildrenhavemostlyone-to-onelessonsB.TheirworkingdayislongerC.MorethanhalfthedayisspentonmusicD.Arangeofmusicaltrainingisoffered問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)A.TheymaynotbematureenoughonarrivalB.PoorchildrenmaybeexcludedC.TheremaybeadisciplineproblemD.Theymaylosetheirindividuality問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)A.pity-showingB.appreciatingC.understandableD.beneficial16.單選題Theterm“print”hasseveralmeanings,soitisimportanttounderstandexactlywhatismeantbytheartisticterminology.Aprintintheartisticsenseisnotareproductionofaworkofartdoneinsomeothermedium,suchaspaintingordrawing.Thatcaninnosensebeconsideredaworkofart,sincetheartisthadnoinvolvementwithit.AprintisanoriginalworkofartcreatedbyanindirectmethoD.Insteadofmakinganimagedirectlyonasurface,asindrawingorpainting,theartistworksonamastersurface,whichmaybeasheetofmetal,ablockofstone,wood,plastic,orlinoleum.Fromthismastersurface,numerousimpressionsmaybemadebyinkingthesurface,layingasheetofpaperonit,andthensubjectingbothsurfaceandpapertopressure,generallybymeansofaprintingpress.Aprintmayexistinseveralversions.Sometimestheprintmakeralterstheimagebetweenimpressions,sothateachprintisslightlydifferentfromtheothers.Anyseriesofsuchprintsisreferredtoasmultiples.Thenumberofimpressions(knownastheedition)thatarepossiblefromasingleoriginalvarieswiththematerial.Printsmadefromlinoleum,whichwearsreadily,willbefewerthanthosemadefromametalplate,whichiscapableofstrikingfine-qualityprintsinthethousands.Itiscustomarytonumberprintsastheycomeoffthepress,theearlierimpressionsbeingthefinestandthereforethemostdesirable.Printsincorporatethesamecompositionalprinciples,aspaintings.Line,shape,ortexturemaybethepredominantelementaccordingtotheprintingtechniqueuseD.Someprintshaveobviousdecorativequalitieswhileothersmaybefilledwithemotionalimpact.Printmakingderivesfromtwohistoricalsources:earlywoodblocksintowhichanimagewascutandusedtoillustrateabookorplayingcards,andthemedievalpracticeofdecoratingmetalwithinciseddesigns,asinarmor.Todaymosttechniquesfallintooneoffourcategories:relief,intaglio,lithography,andserigraphy.However,therearemanyvariations,combinationswithphotographictechniques,andconsiderableoverlapping.1.Intheartisticsense,aprintisaworkofartcreatedby___.2.Whichofthefollowingismentionedasanexampleofamastersurface?3.ItcanbeinferredthatprintsmaydifferfromotherworksofartintermsofallofthefollowingEXCEPT___.4.Ametalplateiscomparedfavorablywithlinoleumasametersurfacebecauseametalplate___.5.ItcanbeinferredthatprintsmaydifferfromotherworksofartintermsofallofthefollowingEXCEPT___.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.makingapaintingfromanoriginaldrawingB.drawingorpaintingsimilarimagesmanytimesC.transferringanoriginalimagefromonesurfacetoanotherD.copyinganoriginalimagemadeonpaperontoahardsurface問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)A.adrawingorpaintingB.ablockofstoneC.asheetofpaperD.aprintingpress問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)A.compositionalprinciplesB.useofline,shape,ortextureC.decorativequalitiesD.emotionalimpact問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)A.lastslongerB.islessexpensiveC.makesprintsmorequicklyD.producesagreatervarietyofprints問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)A.emotionalimpactB.useofline,shape,ortextureC.decorativequalitiesD.compositionalprinciples17.單選題Itwasalreadyknownthatatleastsomegeneticabnormalitiesarecausedbytheabsenceofspecificproteins.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.irregularitiesB.similaritiesC.activitiesD.qualities18.單選題Thesubjectofsafetymustbeplacedatthetopofthe___.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.agendaB.bulletinC.routineD.timetable19.單選題Therearemanywhobelievethattheuseofforce___politicalendscanneverbejustified.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.insearchofB.inpursuitofC.inviewofD.inlightof20.單選題Manyscientistsremainskepticalaboutthevalueofthisresearchprogram.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.consciousB.doubtfulC.noveltyD.obscure第1卷參考答案一.綜合題1.【答案】第1題:B第2題:A第3題:B第4題:C第5題:A【解析】1.推理判斷題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“Sparacino'sstudy”可以定位到文章第三段中“Inhisstudy,Sparacinofoundthat,ashighschoolstudents,attendeeshadbeenmorepopular,moreoftenregardedasattractive,andmoreinvolvedinextracurricularactivitiesthanthoseclassmateswhochosenottoattend.”，中文翻譯為：在他的研究中，斯帕拉奇諾發(fā)現(xiàn)，作為高中生，參加者比那些選擇不參加的同學(xué)更受歡迎，更常被視為有吸引力，更多地參與課外活動(dòng)。可以得知B選項(xiàng)“表明參與者往往在高中學(xué)習(xí)中表現(xiàn)優(yōu)異”正確。2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由A選項(xiàng)“美國(guó)的班級(jí)聚會(huì)通常是炫耀自己最近成功的機(jī)會(huì)。”可以定位到原文第三段“Certainly,afewreturntoshowtheirformerclassmateshowwelltheyhavedone;othersenjoyobservingthechangesthathaveoccurredintheirclassmates(notalwaysinthemselves,ofcourse).Butthemajoritywhoattendtheirclassreunionsdosotorelivethegoodtimestheyrememberhavingwhentheywereyounger.”，中文翻譯為：當(dāng)然，也有一些人回來(lái)向他們以前的同學(xué)展示他們做得多么好；還有一些人喜歡觀(guān)察他們同學(xué)身上發(fā)生的變化（當(dāng)然，他們自己并不總是這樣）。但大多數(shù)參加班級(jí)聚會(huì)的人都是為了重溫年輕時(shí)的美好時(shí)光。因此可知A選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤，符合題意。3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由題干可以定位到文章倒數(shù)第二段“Alumniwhodecidetoattendtheirreunionsshareacommonidentitybasedontheyearstheyspenttogetherasundergraduates.Forthisreason,universitiesthatsomehowestablishacommonbond—forexample,becausetheyarerelativelysmallorespeciallyprestigious—tendtodrawsubstantialnumbersoftheiralumnitoreunions.”，中文翻譯為：決定參加校友聚會(huì)的校友們都有一個(gè)共同的身份，這個(gè)身份基于他們?cè)谝黄鸲冗^(guò)的大學(xué)生時(shí)代。出于這個(gè)原因，那些以某種方式建立了共同紐帶的大學(xué)——例如，因?yàn)樗鼈円?guī)模相對(duì)較小或特別有聲望——往往會(huì)吸引大量校友參加聚會(huì)?？芍狟選項(xiàng)“他們大學(xué)享有的特殊地位”正確。4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由題干可以定位到文章第一段“Inhernovelof‘Reunion,AmericanStyle’,RonaJaffesuggeststhataclassreunion‘ismorethanasentimentaljourney.Itisalsoawayofansweringthequestionthatliesatthebackofnearlyallourminds.DidtheydobetterthanI?’”中文翻譯為：在她的小說(shuō)《美國(guó)風(fēng)格的重聚》中，羅娜?賈菲暗示，一次班級(jí)聚會(huì)“不僅僅是一次感傷的旅程。這也是一種回答隱藏在我們所有人內(nèi)心深處的問(wèn)題的方式。他們比我做得好嗎?”。以及原文第二段“Jaffe’sobservationmaybemisplacedbutnotcompletelylost.”，中文翻譯為：賈菲的觀(guān)察也許放錯(cuò)了地方，但并不是完全沒(méi)有意義。判斷出C選項(xiàng)“作為作者論證的前奏?！闭_。5.主旨大意題。通讀全文判斷出答案為A選項(xiàng)“美國(guó)校友聚會(huì)的歷史視角”，D選項(xiàng)“校友聚會(huì)及其對(duì)社會(huì)和經(jīng)濟(jì)的影響?！睂儆谖恼碌谒亩巍⒌谖宥蝺?nèi)容，B選項(xiàng)“受歡迎和出席校友聚會(huì)的原因?！睂儆谖恼碌诙?、第三段的內(nèi)容，C選項(xiàng)“校友聚會(huì)和美國(guó)大學(xué)傳統(tǒng)?！睂儆谖恼碌诹巍⒌谄叨?、第八段、第九段的內(nèi)容。2.【答案】B【解析】考查副詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)collectively“集體地，共同地”；B選項(xiàng)invariably“總是；不變地；一定地”；C選項(xiàng)reluctantly“不情愿地；嫌惡地”；D選項(xiàng)individually“個(gè)別地，單獨(dú)地”。句意：相互般配的珍珠，串成一條項(xiàng)鏈，就……能賣(mài)到比同等珍珠賣(mài)出的好得多的價(jià)錢(qián)。根據(jù)句意，A選項(xiàng)及C選項(xiàng)都可排除。D選項(xiàng)“individually”也不符合句意，也可排除。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。3.【答案】A【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)accessible“易接近的；可進(jìn)入的；可理解的”；B選項(xiàng)attributable“可歸于……的；可歸屬的”；C選項(xiàng)attainable“可得到的；可達(dá)到的；可到達(dá)的”；D選項(xiàng)attachable“可附上的；可連接的；可逮捕的；可沒(méi)收的”。句意：劍橋大學(xué)很容易進(jìn)入，他回到那里開(kāi)始了他的主要研究活動(dòng)。根據(jù)句意可知A選項(xiàng)正確。4.【答案】A【解析】考查詞組。A選項(xiàng)interms“明確地；毫不含糊地；焦急地”；B選項(xiàng)inthelongrun“長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)；終究”；C選項(xiàng)inview“在視野范圍內(nèi)；在考慮中的；作為目標(biāo)”；D選項(xiàng)invain“徒然；無(wú)效”。句意：當(dāng)新政黨成立時(shí)，國(guó)會(huì)代表們焦急地等待來(lái)自莫斯科的賀電。結(jié)合句意，判斷出選項(xiàng)A為正確答案。5.【答案】A【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)generosity“慷慨，大方；寬宏大量”；B選項(xiàng)sincerity“真實(shí)，誠(chéng)摯”；C選項(xiàng)certainty“必然；確實(shí)；確實(shí)的事情”；D選項(xiàng)flexibility“靈活性；彈性；適應(yīng)性”。句意：由于親戚們的慷慨，埃倫最近得到了很多錢(qián)。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。6.【答案】D【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)projects“計(jì)劃；設(shè)計(jì)”；B選項(xiàng)shows“展示，表演”；C選項(xiàng)displays“顯示”；D選項(xiàng)rates“比率；等級(jí)”。句意：他在過(guò)去五十年最好的賽車(chē)比賽中名列前茅。結(jié)合此處關(guān)鍵短語(yǔ)thebestcarracing（最好的賽車(chē)比賽），B，C選項(xiàng)意思相近可以排除，A選項(xiàng)projects（設(shè)計(jì)）也可排除，D選項(xiàng)rates（等級(jí)）最符合詞義。7.【答案】略。8.【答案】A【解析】考查副詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)simply“簡(jiǎn)單地；樸素地；坦白地”；B選項(xiàng)explicitly“明確地；明白地”；C選項(xiàng)largely“主要地；大部分；大量地”；D選項(xiàng)shortly“立刻；簡(jiǎn)短地；唐突地”。句意：總統(tǒng)總是使他的方向……，讓每個(gè)人都能理解他們。根據(jù)everyonecanunderstandthem.（每個(gè)人都能夠理解他們），可推測(cè)，要使每個(gè)人都能理解他們，總統(tǒng)會(huì)讓他的方向通俗易懂。結(jié)合句意，A選項(xiàng)正確。9.【答案】D【解析】考查詞組詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)areinfectiousto“有傳染性”；B選項(xiàng)areaccessibleto“都可以訪(fǎng)問(wèn)”；C選項(xiàng)aredisposedof“正在處理”；D選項(xiàng)aresusceptibleto“易受”。句意：醫(yī)生有興趣使用激光作為手術(shù)工具，對(duì)那些容易心臟病發(fā)作的人進(jìn)行手術(shù)。根據(jù)此處關(guān)鍵詞heartattack（心臟病）可排除A選項(xiàng)，B選項(xiàng)及C選項(xiàng)不符合句意也可排除，D選項(xiàng)aresusceptibleto“易受”最符合題意，因此D選項(xiàng)正確。10.【答案】B【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)eliminate“消除；排除”；B選項(xiàng)transmit“傳輸；傳播；發(fā)射；傳達(dá)；遺傳”；C選項(xiàng)replace“取代，代替；替換，更換；歸還，償還；把……放回原處”；D選項(xiàng)isolate“（使）隔離，孤立；將……剔出；（某物質(zhì)、細(xì)胞等）分離；區(qū)別看待（觀(guān)點(diǎn)、問(wèn)題等）”。句意：我相信疾病一定會(huì)在這樣不衛(wèi)生、擁擠的地方傳播。結(jié)合此處關(guān)鍵詞propagate“傳播；傳送；繁殖；宣傳”，得知B選項(xiàng)正確。11.【答案】A【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)alliance“聯(lián)盟，聯(lián)合；聯(lián)姻”；B選項(xiàng)agreement“協(xié)議；同意，一致”；C選項(xiàng)conflict“沖突，矛盾；斗爭(zhēng)；爭(zhēng)執(zhí)”；D選項(xiàng)contradiction“矛盾；否認(rèn)；反駁”。句意：早在18和19世紀(jì)，鄉(xiāng)村文化倫理和教會(huì)教義之間就已經(jīng)有了強(qiáng)有力的結(jié)合。結(jié)合此處關(guān)鍵詞alignment“結(jié)盟”，得知A為正確答案。12.【答案】C【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)advocate“提倡，擁護(hù)；為……辯護(hù)”；B選項(xiàng)acquire“獲得；取得；學(xué)到；捕獲”；C選項(xiàng)proclaim“宣告，公布；聲明；表明；贊揚(yáng)”；D選項(xiàng)prosecute“檢舉；貫徹；從事；依法進(jìn)行；起訴；告發(fā)；做檢察官”。句意：蘇珊?泰勒在全國(guó)各地旅行和演講，宣揚(yáng)教育和專(zhuān)業(yè)技能，使婦女能夠進(jìn)入公共世界。根據(jù)句意，C選項(xiàng)正確。13.【答案】B【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)bacteria“細(xì)菌”；B選項(xiàng)constituents“成分”；C選項(xiàng)erosion“侵蝕，腐蝕”；D選項(xiàng)contexts“環(huán)境，上下文”。句意：科學(xué)和技術(shù)的進(jìn)步使我們能夠了解宇宙的邊陲、物質(zhì)最基本的……和生命的奇跡。根據(jù)matter（物質(zhì)）可推測(cè)與其搭配的是constituents。結(jié)合句意，A選項(xiàng)及C選項(xiàng)都可排除。D選項(xiàng)contexts（環(huán)境）也不能與matter（物質(zhì)）搭配，因此B選項(xiàng)為正確答案。14.【答案】A【解析】考查副詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)awfully“可怕地；十分；非常；很”；B選項(xiàng)indicatively“指示地，表示地；象征地；陳述地”；C選項(xiàng)crucially“關(guān)鍵地；至關(guān)重要地”；D選項(xiàng)ultimately“最后；根本；基本上”。句意：喜劇藝術(shù)可以是，而且往往是極度的嚴(yán)肅，在這一點(diǎn)上很難對(duì)它進(jìn)行分類(lèi)。結(jié)合此處語(yǔ)境，A為正確答案。15.【答案】第1題:B第2題:A第3題:D第4題:A第5題:A【解析】第1題:1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由題干可以定位到文章第一段中“Manyparentsmayevenfailtorecognizeandrespondtotheirchild'sneeduntilfrustrationexplodesintodifficultoruncooperativebehavior.”中文翻譯為：許多父母甚至沒(méi)有意識(shí)到并回應(yīng)孩子的需求，直到挫折感爆發(fā)成困難或不合作的行為。可以得知B選項(xiàng)“孩子可能會(huì)行為不端”符合題意。2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“inordinaryschools”可以定位到原文第一段“Andwhilemostschoolsareequippedtodealwithchildrenwhoareespeciallyableinacademicsubjects,themusicallygiftedrequirespecialunderstandingwhichmaynotalwaysbeavailableinanordinaryschoolespeciallyonewheremusicisregardedasasecondaryactivity.”中文翻譯為：雖然大多數(shù)學(xué)校都有能力培養(yǎng)在學(xué)科方面特別有能力的孩子，但是音樂(lè)天才需要特殊的理解力，這在普通學(xué)校是不可能做到的，尤其是在音樂(lè)被視為次要活動(dòng)的學(xué)校里。因此可知A選項(xiàng)“音樂(lè)不被視為一門(mén)重要的學(xué)科”為正確答案。3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由題干可以定位到文章第三段“Childrenatspecialistmusicschoolsspendbetweenonethirdandonehalfofanaveragedayonmusicalactivities,forexample,individuallessons(uptothreehoursaweekonfirstandsecondinstruments),orchestras,chambergroups,voicetraining,conductingandtheory.”中文翻譯為：個(gè)人課程（每周最多三個(gè)小時(shí)學(xué)習(xí)第一和第二樂(lè)器）、管弦樂(lè)、室內(nèi)樂(lè)團(tuán)、聲音訓(xùn)練、指揮和理論。可知C選項(xiàng)“半天以上的時(shí)間都花在了音樂(lè)上。”錯(cuò)誤，以及D選項(xiàng)“提供一系列的音樂(lè)培訓(xùn)”符合題意。4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“schooldirectors”可以定位到文章最后一段“Almostallthedirectorsofthespecialistschoolsexpressdoubtsaboutthewisdomofadmittingchildrenasyoungassevenintosuchanintenseanddisciplinedenvironment.”中文翻譯為：幾乎所有專(zhuān)業(yè)學(xué)校的負(fù)責(zé)人都對(duì)讓7歲大的孩子進(jìn)入如此緊張、紀(jì)律嚴(yán)明的環(huán)境的做法表示懷疑。故選A“他們可能在到達(dá)（學(xué)校）時(shí)還不夠成熟。”5.詞匯題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞“sympathetic”可以定位到根據(jù)文章第二段“Theyaimtoprovideasympatheticenvironmentinwhichgiftedchildrenagedbetweensevenandeighteencandeveloptheirskillstothefullundertheguidanceofprofessionalmusicians.”中文翻譯為：他們的目標(biāo)是提供一個(gè)富有同情心的環(huán)境，讓7-18歲的超常兒童在專(zhuān)業(yè)音樂(lè)家的指導(dǎo)下充分發(fā)展他們的技能。sympathetic意為“富有同情心的”，判斷出答案為A項(xiàng)。第2題:第3題:第4題:第5題:16.【答案】第1題:C第2題:B第3題:B第4題:C第5題:B【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由題干可以定位到原文第一段“Insteadofmakinganimagedirectlyonasurface,asindrawingorpainting,theartistworksonamastersurface,whichmaybeasheetofmetal,ablockofstone,wood,plastic,orlinoleum.Fromthismastersurface,numerousimpressionsmaybemadebyinkingthesurface,layingasheetofpaperonit,andthensubjectingbothsurfaceandpapertopressure,generallybymeansofaprintingpress.”，中文翻譯為：與在繪畫(huà)或繪畫(huà)中直接在一個(gè)表面上作畫(huà)不同，藝術(shù)家在一個(gè)主表面上作畫(huà)，主表面可以是一塊金屬板、一塊石頭、木頭、塑料或油氈。在這個(gè)主表面上，通過(guò)在表面上涂上油墨，在上面鋪上一張紙，然后用印刷機(jī)對(duì)表面和紙張進(jìn)行壓印，可以產(chǎn)生許多印痕。故判斷C選項(xiàng)“將原始圖像從一個(gè)表面轉(zhuǎn)移到另一個(gè)表面”正確。2.推理判斷題。由題干關(guān)鍵字“amastersurface”可以定位到原文第一段“Insteadofmakinganimagedirectlyonasurface,asindrawingorpainting,theartistworksonamastersurface,whichmaybeasheetofmetal,ablockofstone,wood,plastic,orlinoleum.”，中文翻譯為：與在繪畫(huà)或繪畫(huà)中直接在一個(gè)表面上作畫(huà)不同，藝術(shù)家在一個(gè)主表面上作畫(huà)，主表面可以是一塊金屬板、一塊石頭、木頭、塑料或油氈。可知，B選項(xiàng)“一塊石頭”正確。3.推理判斷題。由A選項(xiàng)“創(chuàng)作原則”可以定位到原文第一段“Aprintisanoriginalworkofartcreatedbyanindirectmethod.Insteadofmakinganimagedirectlyonasurface,asindrawingorpainting,theartistworksonamastersurface,whichmaybeasheetofmetal,ablockofstone,wood,plastic,orlinoleum.”，中文翻譯為：版畫(huà)是一種間接創(chuàng)作的原創(chuàng)藝術(shù)作品。與在繪畫(huà)或繪畫(huà)中直接在一個(gè)表面上作畫(huà)不同，藝術(shù)家在一個(gè)主表面上作畫(huà)，主表面可以是一塊金屬板、一塊石頭、木頭、塑料或油氈。則A選項(xiàng)正確，排除。由B選項(xiàng)“線(xiàn)條、形狀或紋理的使用”可以定位到原文倒數(shù)第二段“Printsincorporatethesamecompositionalprinciples,aspaintings.Line,shape,ortexturemaybethepredominantelementaccordingtotheprintingtechniqueused.”，中文翻譯為：版畫(huà)和繪畫(huà)一樣，包含同樣的構(gòu)圖原則。根據(jù)所使用的印刷技術(shù)，線(xiàn)條、形狀或紋理可能是主要元素?？芍狟選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。由C選項(xiàng)“裝飾的品質(zhì)”D選項(xiàng)“情緒的影響”可以定位到原文倒數(shù)第二段“Someprintshaveobviousdecorativequalitieswhileothersmaybefilledwithemotionalimpact.”，中文翻譯為：一些版畫(huà)具有明顯的裝飾性，而另一些則可能充滿(mǎn)情感的沖擊。知C、D選項(xiàng)正確，排除。答案為B。4.推理判斷題。由題干可以定位到原文第二段中“Printsmadefromlinoleum,whichwearsreadily,willbefewerthanthosemadefromametalplate,whichiscapableofstrikingfine-qualityprintsinthethousands.”，中文翻譯為：油氈制成的印刷品很容易磨損，它比金屬板制成的印刷品要少，而金屬板能印出成千上萬(wàn)張高質(zhì)量的印刷品?？梢缘弥狢選項(xiàng)“使打印速度更快”正確。5.原試題即與3題重復(fù)。17.【答案】A【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)irregularity“不規(guī)則；無(wú)規(guī)律；不整齊”；B選項(xiàng)similarity“類(lèi)似；相似點(diǎn)”；C選項(xiàng)activity“活動(dòng)；活動(dòng)區(qū)；活動(dòng)性”；D選項(xiàng)quality“質(zhì)量，[統(tǒng)計(jì)]品質(zhì)；特性；才能”。句意：人們已經(jīng)知道，至少有些基因異常是由缺乏特定蛋白質(zhì)引起的。結(jié)合此處關(guān)鍵詞abnormalities“異常；畸形”，得知A為正確答案。18.【答案】A【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)agenda“議程；日常工作事項(xiàng)；日程表”；B選項(xiàng)bulletin“公告，公報(bào)”；C選項(xiàng)routine“常規(guī)，慣例；生活乏味；（演出中的）一套動(dòng)作；（計(jì)算機(jī)）例行程序”；D選項(xiàng)timetable“時(shí)間表；時(shí)刻表；課程表”。句意：安全問(wèn)題必須放在議程的首位。結(jié)合此處語(yǔ)境，A選項(xiàng)正確。19.【答案】B【解析】考查詞組辨析。A選項(xiàng)insearchof“尋找”；B選項(xiàng)inpursuitof“追求”；C選項(xiàng)inviewof“鑒于，由于”；D選項(xiàng)inlightof“根據(jù)”。句意：有許多人認(rèn)為，為追求政治目的而使用武力永遠(yuǎn)是不正當(dāng)?shù)?。根?jù)句意可知B選項(xiàng)正確。20.【答案】B【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)conscious“意識(shí)到的；故意的；神志清醒的”；B選項(xiàng)doubtful“可疑的；令人生疑的；疑心的；不能確定的”；C選項(xiàng)novelty“新奇；新奇的事物；新穎小巧而廉價(jià)的物品”；D選項(xiàng)obscure“昏暗的，朦朧的；晦澀的，不清楚的；隱蔽的；不著名的，無(wú)名的”。句意：許多科學(xué)家對(duì)這個(gè)研究項(xiàng)目的價(jià)值仍持懷疑態(tài)度。結(jié)合此處關(guān)鍵詞skeptical“懷疑的”，得知B選項(xiàng)正確。第2卷一.綜合題(共20題)1.單選題Thematerialsupportandadvisoryservicesofferedbytheseprojects______thewillofthepoortohelpthemselvesandenablethemtoleadself-sufficientlives.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.prolongB.enforceC.reinforceD.inform2.單選題AirattacksinAfghanistanarefocusedonairportsandtrainingcampstoavoidcivilian______.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.involvementB.rebellionC.casualtiesD.anguish3.單選題Thechocolatecompanymaintainedstablesales______andincreasedprofitsby4.7%inthefiscalperiodendinginFebruary.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.volumesB.rowsC.dimensionsD.outputs4.單選題Themanager'sjobisnottomakedecisionsbuttocarryoutthedecisionsthedirectormakes.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.fulfillB.accomplishC.implementD.affect5.單選題Foodsubsidiesarenecessaryforkeepingdownthepriceofdairyproductsandbread.問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)A.controlsB.aidsC.accumulationsD.transformations6.單選題FilmCriticMarkAdamslooksbackoverthelasttenyearsofhisworkasafilmcriticforanewspapercalledTheFrontPageWritingarticlesaboutfilmsforTheFrontPagewasmyfirstproperjoB.BeforethenIhaddonebitsofreviewing—novelsforothernewspapers,filmsforamagazineandanythingIwasaskedtodofortheradio.ThatwashowImetTomSeaton,thefirstartseditorofTheFrontPagewhohadalsowrittenfortelevision.Hehiredme,butTomwasnotprimarilyajournalist,orhewouldcertainlyhavebeenmorecarefulinchoosinghisstaff.Atfirst,hisideawasthatateamofcriticsshouldtakecareoftheartformsthatdidn'trequirespecializedknowledge:books,TV,theatre,filmandradio.TherewouldbeaweeklylunchatwhichwewouldmakeourchoicesfromtheartisticmaterialthatTomhaddecidedweshouldcover,thoughtherewouldalsobegueststomaketheatmospheresociable.Itallfeltlikeabitofadreamatthattime:anewnewspaper,andIwasoneoftheteam.Itseemedsounlikelythatapapercouldbeintroducedintoacrowdedmarket.Itseemedjustaslikelythatamillionairewantedtohelpmepersonally,andwaspretendingtoemployme.Suchwasmylackofself-confidence.Infact,thefirsttimeIsawsomeonereadingthenewspaperontheLondonunderground,thenturningtoapageonwhichoneofmyreviewsappeared,Ididn'tknowwheretolook.Tom'soriginalschemeforateamofcriticsfortheartsnevertookoff.Itwasagoodidea,butwedidn'tgettogethe