英語專業(yè)四級語法重點、難點：定語從句1.Abovethetreesarethehills,________magnificencetheriverfaithfullyreflectsonthesu**ce.

(2003)A.where

B.ofwhose

C.whose

D.which（C，關系代詞在從句中做定語?！皹涞纳厦媸巧剑牡褂爸覍嵉赜痴赵诤用嫔??！保?.Onlytakesuchclothes_______reallynecessary.

(1994)A.aswere

B.astheyare

C.astheywere

D.asare（D，as引導定語從句，先行詞是clothes，as在從句中作主語，所以BC不對，因為they是多余的；A的時態(tài)與主句不搭配。）3.______isoftenthecasewithanewidea,muchpreliminaryactivityandoptimisticdiscussionproducednoconcreteproposals.

(1994)A.That

B.It

C.This

D.As（D，as作關系代詞，引導非限定性定語從句，表達整個主句的意思?！罢缫环N新的觀念產(chǎn)生時一樣，人們總是做許多準備活動和積極的討論，卻拿不出具體的建議?！保?.Thiscompanyhasnowintroducedapolicy_____payrisesarerelatedtoperformanceatwork.

(1996)A.which

B.where

C.whether

D.what（B，“公司現(xiàn)在提出了一項新政策，依照新政策，工資增長與工作業(yè)績掛鉤?！保?.ThePhysicisthasmadeadiscovery,_______ofgreatimportancetotheprogressofscienceandtechnology.(1997)A.Ithinkwhichis

B.thatIthinkis

C.whichIthinkis

D.whichIthinkitis（C，Ithink是插入語，which在從句中就是主語，D中it是多余的。）6.IhaveneverbeentoLondon,butthatisthecity______.(1997)A.whereIliketovisitmost

B.I’dmostliketovisitC.whichIliketovisitmostly

D.whereI’dlikemosttovisit（B,首先排除A，因為thecity在從句中作賓語，不能用where引導；C中mostly表示“通常，大部分”，意思不通順；表示“最想”，用mostlike,不是likemost,most是much的最高級，much一般不修飾不定式，多用于修飾分詞。Hewasmuchpleased.）7.Sherememberedseveraloccasionsinthepast___shehadexperiencedasimilarfeeling.(1998)A.which

B.before

C.that

D.when（D，從句有自己的主語和賓語，因此不選AC，when引導定語從句在句中作時間狀語。B項不合語法，因為主句的時態(tài)是一般過去時，從句卻是過去完成時。）8.I’veneverbeentoLhasa,butthat’sthecity______.

(1999)A.I’dmostliketovisit

B.whichIliketovisitmostlyC.whereIliketovisit

D.I’dlikemuchtovisit（A，同6。）9.Firmsthatusecomputershavefoundthatthenumberofstaff______isneededforqualitycontrolcanbesubstantiallyreduced.

(2000)A.whose

B.as

C.what

D.that（D，that在從句中作主語。使用電腦操作的工廠已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)可以大大減少質(zhì)檢員工的數(shù)量。）10.We’vejustinstalledtwoair-conditionersinourapartment,______shouldmakegreatdifferencesinourlifenextsummer.

(2002)A.which

B.what

C.that

D.they（A，指代前面的整個句子。）11.Theyovercameallthedifficultiesandcompletedtheprojecttwomonthsaheadoftime,______issomethingwehadnotexpected.

(2003)A.which

B.it

C.that

D.what（A，同上?！八麄兛朔磺欣щy，提前兩個月完成了工程，這是我們沒有料到的事?！保┯⒄Z專業(yè)四級語法要點：倒裝1.Sobadly_____inthecaraccidentthathehadtostayinhospitalforafewmonths.(1994)A.didheinjureB.injuredhimC.washeinjuredD.hewasinjured(C，倒裝，將助動詞提到主語前，被動。)2.Heisnotunderarrest,______anyrestrictiononhim.(1995)A.orthepolicehaveplacedB.orhavethepoliceplacedC.northepolicehaveplacedD.norhavethepoliceplaced(D，AB中的or表示“否則”，與題意不符；nor放在句首要倒裝。)3.___bothsidesaccepttheagreement___alastingpeacebeestablishedinthisregion.(2004)A.Onlyif,willB.Ifonly,wouldC.Should,willD.Unless,would(A，onlyif表示“只有。。。才”，放在句首，句子要倒裝；“只有雙方都接受和約，永久的和平才有可能建立起來”。ifonly表示“要是。。。多好”)英語專業(yè)四級語法要點：反意疑問句1.Ahibernatinganimalneedshardlyanyfoodallthroughthewinter,_____?(1992)A.needitB.needn’titC.doesitD.doesn’tit（C，need是實義動詞不是情態(tài)動詞，hardly是否定副詞，因此前面的分句是否定句。）2.YouandIcouldhardlyunderstand,______?(1995)A.couldIB.couldn’tyouC.couldn’tweD.couldwe（D，hardly的解釋同上。）3.Whenyouhavefinishedwiththatvideotape,don’tforgettoputitinmydrawer,___?(1997)A.doyouB.willyouC.don’tyouD.won’tyou（B，前面句子是第二人稱祈使句時，后面要用will(would)you或won’tyou;本題中，前面的句子是否定句，因此后面用肯定的。）4.Dohelpyourselftosomefruit,_____you?(2000)A.can’tB.don’tC.wouldn’tD.won’t（D，同上。）5.Shewouldhavebeenmoreagreeableifshehadchangedalittlebit,_____?(2003)A.hadn’tsheB.hasn’tsheC.wouldn’tsheD.didn’tshe（C，反意疑問句的謂語動詞與主句一致?！八绻晕⒏淖円幌戮蜁軞g迎，對嗎？”）轉自[英美者]-英語專業(yè)網(wǎng)站：/cn/Html/TEM/Test4/89584.htmlnot+比較級+than,no+比較級+than1.Johnis_______hardworkingthanhissister,buthefailedintheexam.(1998)A.nolessB.nomoreC.notlessD.noso(A，“約翰的用功絕不亞于他姐姐，可是這次考試他卻沒及格?！眓otlessthan只是比較約翰和他姐姐，沒有強調(diào)約翰非常用功。)2.Fatcannotchangeintomuscle_______musclechangesintofat.(1999)A.anymorethanB.nomorethanC.nolessthanD.muchmorethan(A，“脂肪不能轉變?yōu)榧∪猓拖窦∪獠荒苻D變?yōu)橹疽粯??！眓ot…anymorethan意思是“和…同樣都不…”。)轉自[英美者]-英語專業(yè)網(wǎng)站：/cn/Html/TEM/Test4/77546327413864.html名詞性從句1.Wecanassignthetaskto______iscapableandtrustworthy.(1994)A.whomeverB.whoC.whomD.whoever（D，介詞to后面是個賓語從句，從句缺主語；whom和whomever雖然可以接賓語從句，但它們不能在從句中作主語，AC不對；whoever語義比who強烈，更貼切。)2.Theteamcanhandlewhatever_____.(1997)A.thatneedshandlingB.whichneedshandlingC.itneedshandlingD.needstobehandled(D，whatever引導的分句作handle的賓語，又在從句中作主語，因此不需要再加任何其他主語，ABC都有多余的主語成分。)3.After__seemedanendlesswait,itwasherturntoenterthepersonnelmanager’soffice.(1999)A.thatB.thereC.whatD.it(C，after在句中時介詞還是連詞？如果是連詞，從句中的時態(tài)通常為完成體，所以排除連詞的可能性。既然after是介詞，那么后面必定是賓語從句，后面的從句缺主語，只有what既引導賓語從句，又在賓語從句中作主語；BD都不能引導賓語從句。A雖然可以引導賓語從句，但不在從句中充當任何語法成分。)4.Haveyoueverbeeninasituation_____youknowtheotherpersonisrightyetyoucannotagreewithhim?(2002)A.bywhichB.thatC.inwhereD.where(B，situation后的從句是對situation作出具體的解釋，因此是同位語從句。)轉自[英美者]-英語專業(yè)網(wǎng)站：/cn/Html/TEM/Test4/915173.htmlas/though/muchas1.DavidSinger,myfriend’sfather,______raisedandeducatedinNewYork,livedandlecturedinAfricamostofhislife.(1993)A.whoB.ifC.whileD.though(D，表示轉折。答案Cwhile只是表示同時并列的轉折。如：WhileIunderstandyourviews,Ican’tagreewithyou.)2.______heneededmoneyforanewcar,hedecidednottoborrowitfromthebank.(1998)A.MuchasB.MuchthoughC.AsmuchD.Thoughmuch(A,muchas可看作是固定詞組，作連詞，引導讓步狀語從句，表示“盡管，雖然”。如MuchasIshouldliketoseeyou,Iamafraidyoucouldnotcome.)3.Fool_____Janeis,shecouldnothavedonesuchathing.(2002)A.whoB.asC.thatD.like(B，有倒裝，a./n.+as+主語+助動詞be，如：Patientasheis,hecan’tbearitanylonger.)4.______Ilikeeconomics,Ilikesociologymuchbetter.(2003)A.AsmuchasB.SomuchC.HowmuchD.Muchas(D,muchas可看作是固定詞組，作連詞，引導讓步狀語從句，表示“盡管，雖然”。如MuchasIshouldliketoseeyou,Iamafraidyoucouldnotcome.)5.______,Mr.Wellsisscarcelyinsympathywiththeworkingclass.(2005)A.AlthoughheisasocialistB.EvenifheisasocialistC.BeingasocialistD.Sinceheisasocialist(雖然韋爾斯先生是一個社會主義者，但他對工人階級卻沒有什么同情心。表轉折含義的只有A項。)轉自[英美者]-英語專業(yè)網(wǎng)站：/cn/Html/TEM/Test4/6128885471273.html非限定性從句（不定式、動名詞、分詞）1.____isnotaseriousdisadvantageinlife.(2001)A.TobenottallB.NottobetallC.BeingnottallD.Notbeingtall（D．AC不對是因為動詞不定式和動名詞的否定結構形式應為nottodo,notdoing；B動詞不定式短語作主語通常表示特定的具體的行為，特別是表示將來的或一次性的行為，Toskateonrealiceishisdream.D動名詞作主語表示抽象一般的概念。Skatingonrealiceisgreatfun.）2.Thismayhavepreservedtheelephantfrombeingwipedoutaswellasotheranimals_____inAfrica.(1996)A.huntedB.huntingC.thathuntedD.arehunted（A，完整結構應為：theelephantfrombeingwipedoutaswellasotheranimals(frombeing)huntedinAfrica;“此舉也許既能保護非洲的其他動物不被獵殺，又能使大象免受滅族之災”）3.TheClarkshaven’tdecidedyetwhichhotel______.(1998)A.tostayB.istostayC.tostayatD.isforstaying（C，stay是不及物動詞，必須接介詞才能跟賓語。）4.Ininternationalmatches,prestigeissoimportantthattheonlythingthatmattersistoavoid_____.(1996)A.frombeingbeatenB.beingbeatenC.beatingD.tobebeaten（B，avoid后接動名詞做賓語。被動，因此B?！氨苊獗粚κ执驍　保?.Heresented_____towait.Heexpectedtheminister_____himatonce.(1995)A.tobeasked,toseeB.beingasked,toseeC.tobeasked,seeingD.beingasked,seeing（B，resent后接動名詞，expect后接不定式。）6.Ineverregretted_____theoffer,foritwasnotwheremyinterestlay.(1993)A.nottoacceptB.nothavingacceptedC.havingnotacceptedD.notaccepting（D,regretdoingsth.表示“后悔做過某事”，事情已經(jīng)發(fā)生了，常用動名詞的一般形式表示動作已經(jīng)發(fā)生了。）7.Henoticedthehelicopterhoveringoverthefield.Thentohisastonishment,hesawaropeladder_____outandthreemenclimbingdownit.(1995)A.throwingB.beingthrownC.havingthrownD.havingbeenthrown（B，see可與現(xiàn)在分詞或不定式連用，平行結構，后面用了現(xiàn)在分詞，這里也用分詞；繩梯是被扔出飛機，因此要用被動結構，排除AC；see,watch,hear,feel,notice,observe,等詞一般不跟分詞的完成形式連用。）8.ProfessorJohnsonissaid____somesignificantadvanceinhisresearchinthepastyear.(1999)A.havingmadeB.**C.tohavemadeD.tomake（C，主語補足語的動作在謂語動詞之前發(fā)生，用完成時。）9.AIDSissaid_____thenumber-onekillerofbothmenandwomenoverthepastfewyearsinthatregion.(2002)A.beingB.tobeC.tohavebeenD.havingbeen（C,同上。）10.TheMinisterofFinanceisbelieved_____ofimposingnewtaxestoraiseextrarevenue.(2004)A.thatheisthinkingB.tobethinkingC.thatheistothinkD.tothink（B，“人們認為財政部長正在考慮通過征收新稅來增加政府的額外稅入?！盉“正在考慮”）11.Thethreementriedmanytimestosneakacrosstheborderintotheneighboringcountry,_____bythepoliceeachtime.(1999)A.hadbeencapturedB.beingalwayscapturedC.onlytobecapturedD.unfortunatelycaptured（C，“這三人多次企圖偷偷越過邊界進入鄰國，不料每次都被警察抓住。”onlyto表示出乎意料，通常是不愉快的結果。）12.Thismissileisdesignedsothatonce______nothingcanbedonetoretrieveit.(1995)A.firedB.beingfiredC.theyfireD.havingfired（A，once連詞，一旦，被動，所以A。Thismissileisdesignedsothatonceitisfired…）13.______,hecannowonlywatchitonTVathome.(1998)A.ObtainingnotaticketforthematchB.NotobtainingaticketforthematchC.NothavingobtainedaticketforthematchD.Notobtainedaticketforthematch（C，分詞短語的動作在主句動作之前發(fā)生，用分詞的完成形式。）14.Arrivingatthebusstop,______waitingthere.(1994)A.alotofpeoplewereB.hefoundalotofpeopleC.alotofpeopleD.peoplewerefound（B，空處的邏輯主語與arrive保持一致。）15._____regulartraininginnursing,shecouldhardlycopewiththeworkatfirst.(1994)A.NotreceivedB.SincereceivingC.HavingreceivedD.Nothavingreceived（D，receive的主語是she，因此應是主動，A不對；receive的動作在主句謂語動詞之前發(fā)生，所以要用分詞的完成形式，否定應是nothavingdone.）16.____atinthisway,thepresenteconomicsituationdoesn’tseemsogloomy.(2000)A.LookingB.LookedC.HavinglookedD.Tolook（B,）17.There__nothingmorefordiscussion,themeetingcametoanendhalfanhourearlier.(2000)A.tobeB.tohavebeenC.beingD.be（C．前面分句構成獨立主格結構。）18._____nocauseforalarm,theoldmanwentbacktohisroom.(1996)A.TherewasB.SinceC.BeingD.Therebeing(D．C中的現(xiàn)在分詞短語的邏輯主語不是主句的主語。)19.Thecountry’schiefexportsarecoal,carsandcottongoods,cars_____themostimportantofthese.(1994)A.havebeenB.areC.beingD.arebeing(C．ABD都會使后半部分構成完整的句子，但句中用的是逗號，不能是完整句子。)20.Agricultureisthecountry’schiefsourceofwealth,wheat_____byfarthebiggestcerealcrop.(2003)A.isB.beenC.beD.being(D，同上?！稗r(nóng)業(yè)是這個國家的主要財源，目前小麥是谷物中產(chǎn)量最大的?！?21.Ifnot_____withtherespecthefeelsduetohim,Jackgetsveryill-temperedandgrumblesallthetime.(2004)A.beingtreatedB.treatedC.betreatedD.havingbeentreated(B，If(Jackis)nottreated…“如果沒有受到他覺得應得的尊敬，杰克的脾氣就會變得很壞，并且不停地抱怨?！?22.Time_____,thecelebrationwillbeheldasscheduled.(2003)A.permitB.permittingC.permittedD.permits(B，“時間允許的話，慶?；顒訉从媱澾M行”。time和permit是主動關