定語(yǔ)從句TheAttributiveClause定語(yǔ)從句

1)The

man

wenttothe

town

yesterday.2)The

oldmanwenttothebeautiful

town

.

4)The

old

man(whogaveusatalklastmonth)wenttothebeautifultown(wherehelivedtenyearsago).

3)The

old

manoverthere

wenttothebeautiful

town

.

yesterday.5)Thisisthebook(thatyougavemeyesterday)

定語(yǔ)從句定義：在復(fù)合句中作定語(yǔ)，用來(lái)修飾主句中某一名詞或代詞的句子叫定語(yǔ)從句。它的作用相當(dāng)于一個(gè)形容詞，通常放在被修飾詞的后面。Doyouknowtheman(whoourteacheristalkingto)?定語(yǔ)從句被定語(yǔ)從句修飾的詞叫先行詞關(guān)聯(lián)詞，即起聯(lián)系作用又充當(dāng)從句中的一個(gè)成分．

定語(yǔ)從句的基本結(jié)構(gòu)：Ihelpedaperson(who

wasintrouble

lastSunday).先行詞關(guān)聯(lián)詞定語(yǔ)從句＋＋指出下列各句中的定語(yǔ)從句及其先行詞：1.It’sunkindtolaughatapersonwhowasintrouble.It’snotkindtolaughataperson(whowasintrouble)2.Shebroughtlighttothepeoplewhomsheloved.Shebroughtlighttothepeople(whomsheloved.)3.ThebookthatIboughtyesterdayisinterestingThebook

(thatIboughtyesterday)isinteresting5.Theygivetheboysomeofthefruittheyhadpicked.4.Onceuponatime,therelivedagirlwhosefatherwasapoorfarmer.Onceuponatime,thereliveda

girl(whosefatherwasapoorfarmer).6.Theygivetheboysomeofthefruit

(theyhadpicked.)1.It’snotkindtolaughatapersonwhowasintrouble.2.Shebroughtlighttothepeoplewhomsheloved.3.Thebook

thatIboughtyesterdayisinteresting.4.Onceuponatime,therelivedagirlwhosefatherwasapoorfarmer.5.．Welove

theschool

where

westudy.6．Healwayscomesatatime

when

weneedhelp7.Thefilmwhichwesawlastnight

waswonderful.1.先行詞是人,關(guān)聯(lián)詞用who(在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)）whom（在定語(yǔ)從句中作賓語(yǔ)）還可用that（可以省略）whose(在定語(yǔ)從句中作定語(yǔ))1）Iamthe

teacher

who

teachesyouEnglish.2）Thesinger

whom

youwanttoseehasalreadycome.關(guān)聯(lián)詞

3)Doyouknow

theman

that

ourteacheristalkingto.4)

Thegirl

whose

skirtiswhiteismysister.2.先行詞是物，引導(dǎo)詞用which或thatＴhepen

which

Iwanttobuyisveryexpensive.

Ireallylikethelittledogthat

yougavemelastyear.

Welove

theschool

where

westudy.

Apostofficeis

aplace

where

youcanbuystampsandenvelops.3．先行詞是地點(diǎn)，引導(dǎo)詞用where（在定語(yǔ)從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)）Healwayscomesatatime

when

weneedhelpIstillrememberthedays

whenIlivedinLondon.4．先行詞是時(shí)間，引導(dǎo)詞用when（在定語(yǔ)從句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)）Thatis

thereason

why

Ican’tagree.5.先行詞是原因，引導(dǎo)詞用why（在定語(yǔ)從句中作原因狀語(yǔ)）注意:１．關(guān)聯(lián)詞that,which在從句中做賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，經(jīng)常被省略．（特別是在口語(yǔ)和非正式文體中），whom也常被省略．1）.Thelesson(that)hetaught

werenoteasilyforgotten.2）.Thefilm(which)wesawlastnight

waswonderful.3）.Theman(whom)youwanttomeet

hascome.２．關(guān)系代詞that在從句中做介詞的賓語(yǔ)，不能省略，而且介詞不能放在關(guān)聯(lián)詞前面Theroomthatshelivesin

isalargeone.

３關(guān)系代詞whom，which在定語(yǔ)從句中作介詞賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，可以和介詞一起放于先行詞與定語(yǔ)從句之間，有時(shí)為了關(guān)系緊湊也可以將whom與which與先行詞緊挨著書(shū)寫，而將介詞置于定語(yǔ)從句的后面，如：

Thatwastheroom

inwhich

wehadlivedfortenyears.=Thatwastheroom

which

wehadlivedin

fortenyears.

４.在定語(yǔ)從句中,以下情況常用that而不用which1)先行詞是不定代詞something,anything或被不定代詞some,any,little,alittle,few,afew修飾時(shí).例:IsthereanythingthatIcandoforyou?2)先行詞被形容詞最高級(jí)或序數(shù)詞修飾時(shí).例:ThisisthebestbookthatI’veeverread.3)先行詞是一個(gè)既指人又指物的并列詞組時(shí).例:Icanseethechildrenandthetables

thatareinthehouse.4)先行詞有thevery,theonly,thesame等詞修飾時(shí).例:That’stheonlythingthatwecandonow５.只能用which，不用that的情況：(2)定語(yǔ)從句由介詞+關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)，先行詞是物時(shí)。例如：

Thethingaboutwhichheistalkingisofgreatimportance.1)在非限制性定語(yǔ)從中。例如：

Themeeting

wasputoff,

which

wasexactlywhatwewanted.定語(yǔ)從句分為：限定性定語(yǔ)從句和非限定性定語(yǔ)從句限定性定語(yǔ)從句：是先行詞必不可少的定語(yǔ)，如果把它去掉，則主句的意思就不完整或失去意義.限定性定語(yǔ)從句的特點(diǎn)是，與主句的關(guān)系十分密切，書(shū)寫時(shí)不用逗號(hào)割開(kāi)．Peoplewho

areintheclassroom

arethestudents’parents.非限定性定語(yǔ)從句非限定性定語(yǔ)從句:是對(duì)先行詞的附加說(shuō)明，如果把它省列，也不影響主句的意思和完整性。這種句子和主句之間往往用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)。MissLi

,whoisfromBeijing,isourEnglishteacher.Shelivesintheseventhfloor,whereitisbigandbright.

定語(yǔ)從句的基本結(jié)構(gòu)：Ihelpedaperson(

who

wasintrouble

lastSunday).先行詞關(guān)聯(lián)詞定語(yǔ)從句＋＋先行詞是人：Who,whom,whose,that先行詞是物：Which,that先行詞是原因：先行詞是時(shí)間：先行詞是地點(diǎn)：wherewhenwhyTrytounderstandthesesentences:Theboywhowashereaminuteagoismyyoungerbrother.BeijingHotelwheretheforeignvisitorsliveisnearTianAnMenSquare.Thewomanwhomyouweretalkingaboutisherenow.Thisisthehallwherewelistenedtothereportyesterday.Thecarwhichjustpasseduswasgoing90milesanhour.Ienjoyedreadingthebookyougavemelastweek.ThesubjectIpreferisscience.ThemanIspoketoisaprofessor.

單項(xiàng)填空

1.---Whoistheman_______wastalkingtoourEnglishteacher?---Oh!It’sMrBaker,ourmathsteacher.A.heB.thatC.whoseD.which2.Ihatethepeople________don’thelpotherswhentheyareintrouble.A.whoB.whichC.theyD.where3.Theforeigner_________visitedourschoolisfromCanada.A.whichB.whenC.whoD.whom4.GeorgeMallorywasanEnglishschoolteacher_______lovedclimbing.A.whoB.whomC.heD.which5.Thisistheplace

_____Ihaveevervisited.

A.there

B.when

C.where

D.whichBACAD6.Nobodyknowsthereason______shedidn’tcometothemeeting.A.thatB.whichC.whyD.when7.Themoonisaworld______thereisnolife.A.thatB.whichC.whereD.why8.Hehasforgottentheday_______hearrived.A.whenB.whereC.thatD.which9.Hestillremembersthedays______hespentwithyourfamily.A.whenB.whereC.thatD.onwhich10.Mr.White,______carhadbeenstolen,cametothepoliceman.A.whoB.thatC.whoseD.whichCCACC用適當(dāng)?shù)囊龑?dǎo)詞填空：1.Weliketheperson__________ishelpful.2.Istillremembertheyears______Iwasinthecollege.3.Iwanttogotoaplace_______therearebeautifulflowers.4.Doyouknowtheman___________ourEnglishteacheristalkingto?who/thatwhenwhereWho/that定義：在復(fù)合句中，修飾名詞和代詞的從句，在句子中起定語(yǔ)作用。概念:Heistheboy

whooftengoestoschoollate.

先行詞

關(guān)系詞

定語(yǔ)從句原則：a.定語(yǔ)從句必須緊緊地跟在先行詞后面，限制修飾先行詞。

b.定語(yǔ)從句必須用關(guān)系詞來(lái)引導(dǎo)。

c.關(guān)系詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作一個(gè)句子成分.關(guān)系詞關(guān)系代詞：that,who,whom,whose,which關(guān)系代詞：when,where,whyRevison關(guān)系詞主語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)說(shuō)明that可修飾人、物，不可用于非限制性從句中

which僅能修飾物who僅能修飾人whom僅能修飾人whose可修飾人或者物when修飾時(shí)間where修飾地點(diǎn)why修飾原因關(guān)系詞在句子中充當(dāng)?shù)某煞株P(guān)系副詞when,where,why的用法關(guān)系副詞在定語(yǔ)從句當(dāng)中只能充當(dāng)狀語(yǔ)，當(dāng)一個(gè)句子能夠完整地表達(dá)一個(gè)意思時(shí)，我們就可以給這個(gè)句子加上特定的關(guān)系副詞。where在定語(yǔ)從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，指代地點(diǎn)。when在定語(yǔ)從句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，指代時(shí)間。why在定語(yǔ)從句中作原因狀語(yǔ)，指代原因。Iwon’tforgetthetimewhenIgotmarried.Thisistheplace

wherewehadagoodtime.Idon’tknowthereason

whyhewon’tjoinus.關(guān)系副詞when,where,why和關(guān)系代詞that,which的區(qū)分同樣是修飾一個(gè)地點(diǎn)，有時(shí)使用where，有時(shí)使用that/which；同樣是修飾一個(gè)時(shí)間，有時(shí)使用when，有時(shí)使用that/which；同樣是修飾一個(gè)原因，有時(shí)使用why，有時(shí)使用that/which.這主要看兩點(diǎn)：一是定語(yǔ)從句是否完整（即充當(dāng)什么句子成分）；二是定語(yǔ)從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是否是一個(gè)及物動(dòng)詞。請(qǐng)比較以下句子：Thisistheparkthatwevisitedlastyear.Thisistheparkwhereweheldabirthdayparty.Shewon’tforgetthedaysthatshespentontheisland.Shewon’tforgetthedayswhentheystayedtogether.Thatwasthereasonthathegavemeyesterday.Thatwasthereasonwhyhegavemeanoteyesterday.Fill