第第頁2024屆高考英語復習之閱讀理解代詞指代題課件(共18張PPT)(共18張PPT)

閱讀理解代詞指代題

目錄

一、題型定義和設(shè)問類型

二、代詞的定義

三、解題步驟

什么是代詞指代題？

一

代詞指代題的定義

考察判斷某個代詞的指代對象的題目

代詞指代題的設(shè)問類型

類型1:InParagraph2,theunderlinedword"this/which/that/something/it"refersto_______.

類型2:Whatdoestheunderlinedword"they/them"inParagraph7referto

代詞知多少？

二

代詞的定義

代詞，是代替名詞或一句話的一種詞類。大多數(shù)代詞具有名詞和形容詞的功能。英語中的代詞，按其意義、特征及在句中的作用分為：人稱代詞、物主代詞、指示代詞、反身代詞、相互代詞、疑問代詞、關(guān)系代詞、連接代詞、不定代詞和替代詞十種。

代詞的作用：

代替名詞或一句話

Pronounssubstituteinforregularnouns(普通名詞)andpropernouns(專有名詞)toavoidunnecessaryrepetition(避免重復)ofthesamewordsoverandoveragain.

——wiki

(grammar語法)awordthatisusedinsteadofanounornounphrase(名詞或短語)，forexamplehe,it,hers,me,them,etc.

——newOxfordAmericanDictionary

Awordthatcanfunctionbyitselfasanounphraseandthatreferseithertoparticipantsinthediscourse(語篇的參與者)（e.g.,I,you）ortosomeoneorsomethingmentionedelsewhere(別處提到的人或物)inthediscourse(e.g.,she,it,this).

——OxfordAdvancedLearnersDictionary7thedition

1.代詞的作用：代替，避免重復

2.代替的對象：名詞和名詞短語

3.指代對象的位置：近指或遠指

觀察下列例句，說出代詞指代位置和指代對象

1.這個照相機很棒，我想買它。

2.大家明天都不要遲到，這就是我想強調(diào)的。

3.小明同學熱心又善良，同學們都喜歡她。

4.白色的裙子很好看，我也想要一個。

前指

名詞：物

句子：事

名詞：人

名詞短語：物

閱讀代詞指代題中代詞的用法

數(shù)代詞位置名詞/短語/句子人/物/事

單數(shù)this/that前指名詞/短語/句子物/事

one前指名詞/短語人/物

which前指名詞/短語/句子物/事

it前指名詞/短語/句子物/事

復數(shù)they/them前指名詞/短語人/物

怎么做題？

三

解題步驟

1.向前指代

2.數(shù)的一致

3.邏輯判斷

答案在代詞上一句或兩句處

Thus,Papainsistedthatwelearnatleastonenewthingeachday.Though,aschildren,wethoughtthiswascrazy,itwouldneverhaveoccurredtoustodenyPapaarequest.Anddinnertimeseemedperfectforsharingwhatwehadlearned.Wewouldtalkaboutthenewsoftheday；nomatterhowinsignificant,itwasnevertakenlightly.Papawouldlistencarefullyandwasreadywithsomecommentalwaystothepoint

61.Theunderlinedword"it"inthesecondparagraphrefersto"______”.

A.onenewthing

B.arequest

C.thenews

D.somecomment

Thatparticularday,mybrotherandIsatthroughbothmoviestwice,tryingtoescapetheheat.Weboughtthreebagsofpopcornandthreesodaseach.Then,wesatandwatchedTheMusicManfollowedbyTheManWhoShotLibertyValance.We'dalreadyseenthesecondmovieoncebefore.IthadbeenatthetheatersinceJanuary,becauseMr.BellowlovedanythingwithJohnWayneinit.

47.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"It"inParagraph3referto？

A.Theheat

BThetheater

C.TheMusicMan

D.TheManWhoShotLibertyValance

三

解題步驟

1.向前指代

2.數(shù)的一致

3.邏輯判斷

答案在代詞上一句或兩句處

（前一句有序數(shù)詞）

指代的名詞單復數(shù)和代詞的單復數(shù)一致

WaltDisneyiscreditedforcreatingsuchwonderfulthingsasDonaldDuckandMickeyMouse.However,hecannottakethecreditforcreatingotherwell-lovedcharacters,suchasCinderellaandSnowWhite.TheyarealmostautomaticallyassociatedwithDisneybecauseDisneyturnedoldfables(寓言)intocartoonmovies.

60.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"They'inthefirstparagraphreferto

A.Suchwonderfulthings.

B.Otherwell-lovedcharacters.

C.Oldfables.

D.Cartoonmovies.

三

解題步驟

1.向前指代

2.數(shù)的一致

3.邏輯判斷

答案在代詞上一句或兩句處

（前一句有序數(shù)詞）

指代的名詞單復數(shù)和代詞的單復數(shù)一致

判斷是人/物/事，或者與謂語動詞之間的邏輯關(guān)系(主謂關(guān)系或動賓關(guān)系)

WhenMasqsoodandIftekharbegantostudytheproblemofalltheuncollectedrubbishthatlayinDhaka'sstreets,attractingratsanddisease,theydiscoveredthat80%ofitwasnaturalwaste.Sotheyeducatedthepoorpeopleinthecitytocompost(把…制成堆肥)thiswaste.Theyknewthattheywouldhaveamarketfortheendproductbecauselocalfarmerswerestrugglingwithchemicalfertilizers(化肥)whichwereexpensiveandhadreducedthenaturalmineralsinthesoilovertheyears.Atfirst,theywererefused,butoncetheywereabletopersuadethemthattherewasmoneytobemade,theprojecttookoff.In2023saleswere$14,000.

73.Theunderlinedword“them”inParagraph3probablyrefersto“______”.

A.Thelocalfarmers