狀語從句2020/12/121狀語從句在句中作狀語，修飾主句中的動(dòng)詞、形容詞或副詞等。狀語從句放在主句之前時(shí)，常用逗號分開；放在主句之后時(shí)，一般不用逗號。狀語從句按其意義和作用可分為時(shí)間、條件、原因、讓步、目的、結(jié)果、方式、比較、地點(diǎn)等9種。2020/12/122精品資料你怎么稱呼老師？如果老師最后沒有總結(jié)一節(jié)課的重點(diǎn)的難點(diǎn)，你是否會認(rèn)為老師的教學(xué)方法需要改進(jìn)？你所經(jīng)歷的課堂，是講座式還是討論式？教師的教鞭“不怕太陽曬，也不怕那風(fēng)雨狂，只怕先生罵我笨，沒有學(xué)問無顏見爹娘……”“太陽當(dāng)空照，花兒對我笑，小鳥說早早早……”

狀語從句的分類2020/12/1251、時(shí)間狀語從句：2020/12/126注意：（1）when,as,whilewhen即可引導(dǎo)持續(xù)性動(dòng)作，又可引導(dǎo)短暫性動(dòng)作。它可以表示主句的動(dòng)作和從句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，或從句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句動(dòng)作之前。如：2020/12/127WhenIwasaboy,IusedtogototheseashoreonSundays.（同時(shí)）

Whenthelessonwasover,webeganourwriting.（從句動(dòng)作在前）2020/12/128as引導(dǎo)持續(xù)性動(dòng)作，側(cè)重主句和從句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生。Isawyoursisterasshewasgettingonthebusyesterday.Hesangashewalked.2020/12/129While：指的是“在某一時(shí)間里”，“在…期間”，從句里的動(dòng)作必須是持續(xù)性的，它也強(qiáng)調(diào)主句和從句動(dòng)作的同時(shí)發(fā)生，往往側(cè)重主句和從句動(dòng)作的對比。2020/12/1210如：WhilewewerewatchingTV,hewaswritingacomposition.2020/12/1211while也可做并列連詞，表示對照的意思。如：Heistallwhilehisbrotherisshort.

當(dāng)when,as,while表示“在…一段時(shí)間里”，主從句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生時(shí)，可以換用。如：

While(When或As)wewerediscussing,Mr.Smithcamein.2020/12/1212(2)bythetime,eachtime,everytime,immediately,themoment,theinstant,theminute,soonafter,shortlyafter都可以作為連詞，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語。2020/12/1213bythetime1)到…時(shí)候?yàn)橹雇ǔＲ龑?dǎo)一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語從句，表示“到……的時(shí)候?yàn)橹埂敝骶鋭t表示在此時(shí)間之前某個(gè)事件已完成。值得注意的是，當(dāng)從句用過去時(shí)時(shí)，主句通常用過去完成時(shí)。例如：Bythetimelgottothestation，thetrainhadalreadygone。Bythetimehewasfourteen,hehadtaughthimselfadvancedmathematics.BythetimeyougettogettoGreenwichyouwillhaveseenthemosthistoricpartsofLondon.2020/12/1214soonafter不久以后Paulabecamepregnantsoonaftertheyweremarried.Shortlyafter那不久之后...那以后不久IbegantocleantheclassroomshortlyafterIgottoschool2020/12/1215

Eachtimehecame,hewouldcallonme.Youmustshowhiminimmediatelyhecomes.IrecognizedhimthemomentIsawhim.2020/12/1216(3)till和until①如果主句謂語動(dòng)詞是持續(xù)動(dòng)詞，通常用肯定式的主句，表示“直到…為止”。如：

Iworkedtill(until)hecameback.2020/12/1217②如果主句謂語動(dòng)詞是瞬間動(dòng)詞，則用否定式的主句表示“直到…

才”。如：Ididn’tgotobeduntil(till)hecameback.2020/12/1218③放在句首表示強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)一般用

until。如：Untilhereturns,nothingcanbedone.2020/12/12192、地點(diǎn)狀語從句：通常由連詞where,wherever和everywhere引導(dǎo)。如：Gobackwhereyoucamefrom.

Whereveryougo,youmustwritetoyourparents.

Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.ShefollowsmeeverywhereIgo.

2020/12/12203、原因狀語從句：

通常由連詞：because,as,since,nowthat引導(dǎo)。區(qū)別是:because：表示“因?yàn)椤保苯佣鞔_的原因和理由，語氣最強(qiáng)，why提問的句子，一般都用because

回答。Hedidn’tcomebecausehewasill.2020/12/1221since：表示“既然”，語氣比because弱。Sinceyouarehere,youmustdoit.as：表示“因?yàn)椤闭Z氣比because輕，引導(dǎo)從句可放主句前也可放主句后。Youneedn’tgowithmeasyouarebusy.AsIwasafraid,Ihidmyself.2020/12/1222nowthat意思與since相似，表示“既然”。

NowthatyouareinHighSchool,youwillprobablyspendmoreinreading.

Nowthatalltheguestshavearrived,let’shaveourdinner.2020/12/1223注意：①在強(qiáng)調(diào)句中強(qiáng)調(diào)原因狀語從句，只能用because引導(dǎo)，不可用as或

since，如：

Itwasbecausehewasillthathedidn’tgowithus.2020/12/1224②because可以引導(dǎo)表語從句,而

as,since不可以，這時(shí)狀語一般都是it,this,thatIt’sbecauseheistoolazy.2020/12/1225③for也表示“因?yàn)椤?，但是并列連詞，它連接的不是狀語從句，語氣比較強(qiáng)。Itmustbemorning,forthebirdsaresinging.2020/12/12264、目的狀語從句：

通常由that,sothat,inorderthat,,lest,incase（以防、免得）等引導(dǎo)：Hegotupearlyinorderthathecouldcatchtheearlybus.Shestudiedhardsothatshecouldpassthefinal-exam.Iexplainedagainandagainincasehemisunderstandme.2020/12/1227lest(以免，免得),forfearthatIhidthebooklest(=forfearthat)heseeit.目的狀語從句中謂語動(dòng)詞常含有may(might),can(could)should,will等情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。2020/12/12285、結(jié)果狀語從句：由that,sothat,so…that,such…that引導(dǎo)：

Itwasverycold,sothattheriverfroze.Thereweresomanypeople(=suchalotofpeople)intheroomthatwecouldnotgetin.

Hemadesuchanexcellentspeechthateveryoneadmiredhim.2020/12/12296、條件狀語從句:

由if,unless,aslongas(=solongas)(只要),incase(that)(如果，萬一)等引導(dǎo)：

Ifplasticsandrubberareburned,theygiveoffdangerousgas.2020/12/1230Unlessyouworkhard,youwillfail,Youcangoout,aslongas(solongas)youpromisetobebackbeforeeleven.2020/12/1231IncaseIforget,pleaseremindmeaboutthat.

注意：條件狀語從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)不可用將來時(shí)，只能用現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)表示將來時(shí)。2020/12/12327、方式狀語從句：由連詞：as,asif,asthough引導(dǎo)：

Theteachertoldthestudentstodoashedid.Leaveitasitis.Heheardanoise,asifsomeonewasbreathing.2020/12/1233asif和asthough意義和用法大致一樣，引導(dǎo)的從句多用虛擬語氣HetreatsmeasifIwerehisownson.Smithtalkedashehaddonealltheworkhimself,butinfactTomandIdidmostofit.

2020/12/12348、比較狀語從句：

由連詞as…as,notso(as)…as,than等引導(dǎo)：Ihopeitwasasgoodastheoneyoulentme.2020/12/1235Noonecanbemorefitforhisofficethanheis.Hecan’trunsofastasshe.2020/12/1236注意：“the+比較級(接從句)，the+比較級(接主句)，這一句型也歸在比較狀語從句內(nèi)。如：

Themoreyoustudy,themoreyouknow.

Theharderwework,thehappierwefeel.2020/12/1237讓步狀語從句一般由如下的詞或詞組引導(dǎo)：1）though,although

2）eventhough,evenif

3）whatever,whenever,however(+adj.),whether…ornot,

nomatterwhether…ornot.

9、讓步狀語從句：2020/12/1238whateverwhoeverwhicheverwheneverwhereverhoweverwh-ever2020/12/1239nomatterwhonomatterwhatnomatterwhichnomatterwhennomatterwherenomatterhownomatterwh-2020/12/1240

Thoughheisold,yetheisactive.

Althoughmostofthepeopleagreed,somewerenotwillingtoaccept.Youngasthechildis,heknowssomethingaboutelectricity.Wewouldn’tloseheartevenifweshouldfailtentimes.2020/12/1241Whenever(=nomatterwhen)youcallonme,youarealwayswelcome.Wherever(nomatterwhere)youwork,youcanalwaysfindtimetostudy.Taketheoneyoulikebest,whichever(nomatterwhich)itis.2020/12/1242NomatterwhatIsayorhowIsayit,healwaysthinksI’mwrong.Whetherhecomesornot,we’lldiscusstheproblemthisafternoon.2020/12/1243注意：（1）讓步狀語從句在句中的位置可放前也可放后，有時(shí)還可以插在主句中間，前置時(shí)，強(qiáng)調(diào)主句內(nèi)容，后置時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)從句內(nèi)容。2020/12/1244

（2）though與although同義，用法基本一樣，前者通俗，口語化；后者較正式，多放于句首，不能與but連用，但可以與yet,still等連用，用來加強(qiáng)語氣。Though(Although)hewastired,yet(still)hewentonworking.2020/12/1245（3）as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時(shí)從句部分語序要部分倒裝。如：Youngasheis,hecanreadandwriteinseveralforeignlanguage.（表語提前）2020/12/1246

Childashewas,hehadto