#/7應該教給她如何操作電腦?！癵et+動詞的過去分詞”是被動語態(tài)的變形，強調結果。Theboygothurtwhenhewasridingtoschool.那個男孩子騎車上學時受傷了。動詞不定式的被動語態(tài)一般式tobedone:表示不定式的動作在謂語動作之<后發(fā)生或與其同時發(fā)生完成式tohavebeendone:表示不定式的動作發(fā)生在I謂語動作之前Thebookissaidtobepublishedsoon.據(jù)說這本書很快就會出版。Heseemedtohavebeentoldthebadnews.看起來已有人告訴過他這個壞消息了。［即時演練2］完成句子Allthelettersshould_be_answeredimmediately.所有信件均應立刻回復。Theoperationmustbedoneatonce.必須馬上做手術。Nobodygothurt/injuredintheaccident.沒有人在這次事故中受傷。Thecomputerseemsto_have_been衛(wèi)sedalready.Canyougivemeanewone?這臺電腦好像已經(jīng)被用過。你能給我一臺新的嗎？四、主動形式表達被動意義動詞look,sound,feel,smell,taste,seem,turn,fall,grow,keep,go,stay作系動詞時，后跟名詞或形容詞作表語，表示主語的特點，此時用主動形式表達被動意義Thebuildinglooksverybeautiful.這棟建筑看上去很美。表示開始、結束、運動的動詞，如begin,finish,open,stop,move等，用主動形式表達被動意義。Theshopopensat8:00inthemorningeveryday.商店每天上午八點開始營業(yè)。表示主語屬性、特性的動詞，如read,write,sell,wash,lock等，用主動形式表達被動意義。ThenewbookofGuoJingmingsellswell.郭敬明的新書賣得很好。beworth后跟動名詞形式，用主動形式表達被動含義；need,want,require等詞表示“需要……”，且物作主語時，后接doing,用主動形式表達被動含義，相當于tobedone。Themovieisworthseeing.這部影片值得一看。Therumourneedsclarifying/tobeclarified.謠言需要澄清。betoblame或betolet也是主動形式表示被動意義。Heistoblameforthebrokenwindow.因為打破了窗戶他應該受到責備。在“be+形容詞+tod?！敝?，不定式的邏輯賓語是句子的主語，用主動形式表示被動意義；動詞不定式在名詞后作定語，不定式和名詞之間有動賓關系，且和句中另一名詞或代詞構成主謂關系時，不定式的主動形式表被動意義。Thiskindofwaterisn'tfittodrink.這種水不適合飲用。I'llgiveyousomethingtoread.我將給你一些東西讀。[即時演練3]用所給詞的適當形式填空Ihavealotofreadingstocomplete(complete)beforetheencbfthisterm.Inmanypeople'sopinion,thatcompany,thoughrelativelysmall,ispleasanttodeal(deal)with.Withsomuchworktodo(do),Ihavenotimetogotothecinema.Theproblemisworthdiscussing(discuss)again.Thesouptastes(taste)alittlesourandalittlesweet.完成句子Thatdriverwastoblamefortheaccident.那位司機應對此事故負責。Thehouseneedsrepairing/toberepaired.這座房子需要修理。Heisn，teasytogetalongwith.他不易相處。Theclothwasheseasily.這布很好洗。Thematerialfeelsverysoft.這種材料摸起來很軟。五、主動語態(tài)變成被動語態(tài)將主動語態(tài)的賓語用作被動語態(tài)的主語，謂語動詞變?yōu)椤癰e+及物動詞的過去分詞”，并通過be的變化來表達出不同的時態(tài)，其后可接by介詞短語，by后面是動作的發(fā)出者（有時by短語可以省略）。Theteacheraskedhimtoanswerthequestion.老師讓他回答問題。（變成被動語態(tài)）—Hewasaskedtoanswerthequestionbytheteacher.2．被動語態(tài)的一般疑問句是將一個助動詞置于主語之前；否定句是在第一個助動詞后加not；特殊疑問句的語序為“疑問詞+—般疑問句”。Wheredidtheygrowvegetables?他們在哪兒種菜？（變成被動語態(tài)）—Wherewerevegetablesgrownbythem?3．含雙賓語的主動結構變?yōu)楸粍咏Y構時，有兩種方法：一是將間接賓語（人）變?yōu)橹髡Z，直接賓語（物）保持不變；二是將直接賓語變?yōu)橹髡Z，間接賓語用介詞to或for引導。Hetoldusastory.他給我們講了一個故事。（變成被動語態(tài)）—Weweretoldastorybyhim.=Astorywastoldtousbyhim.Hermotherboughtheracomputer.她媽媽給她買了一臺電腦。（變成被動語態(tài)）—Acomputerwasboughtforherbyhermother.=Shewasboughtacomputerbyhermother.4．若主動語態(tài)中的謂語是動詞短語，在變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時，要將動詞短語視為一個整體，其后的介詞或副詞不能省去。Shewilltakegoodcareofthechildren.她將會照顧好這些孩子。（變成被動語態(tài)）—Thechildrenwillbetakengoodcareofbyher.［即時演練4］將下列句子改為被動句①Thechildrengavetheforeignguestsawarmwelcome.—Theforeignguestsweregivenawarmwelcomebythechildren.②Thenewsofhissuddensuccessshockedusall.—Wewereallshockedbythenewsofhissudden_success.Weexpectyoutofinishtheworkintime.—Youareexpectedtofinishtheworkintime.Hisfatherboughtacomputerforhimlastweek.—Hewasboughtacomputerbyhisfatherlastweek./Acomputerwasboughtforhimbyhisfatherlastweek.Theykeptuswaitingforalongtime.—Wewerekeptwaitingforalongtimebythem.課IS強化訓練I單句語法填空—Haveyoumovedintothenewhouse?—Notyet.Theroomsarebeingpainted(paint).Morepatientshavebeen.treated(treat)inhospitalsincelastmonth.Shecalledusthatshewouldbedelayed(delay)andwouldarriveintwohours.Dowhatyouaretold(tell);otherwiseyouwillbepunished(punish).Booksofthiskindsell(sell)well.—Whatdoyouthinkofthebook?—Oh,excellent.It'sworthreading(read)asecondtime.Thereisanewprobleminvolvedinthepopularityofprivatecarsthatroadconditionsneedimproving/tobeimproved(improve).Whenshewasillinhospital,herchildrenweretaken(take)careofbyaneighbour.Mum,IwaswonderingifyoucouldlendmeafewdollarsuntilIgetpaid(pay)onFriday.IsoonfoundthattheworkIwasdoinghadbeendone(do)byotherpeople.II?單句寫作Sofarnothinghas_been_made_clearaboutthemeeting.到目前為止，有關會議的事情一點也沒明確。Thosevillagesaresosmallthattheycan't_be_shownonthemaps.那些村子太小不可能標在地圖上。Theproblemiseasytosolvewithhishelp.在他的幫助下，這個問題很容易解決。Thenumberofdeathsfromheartdiseasewillbereducedgreatlyifpeoplearepersuadedtoeatmorefruitsandvegetables.如果人們被說服了吃更多的水果和蔬菜，那么死于心臟病的人數(shù)將大大減少。Thefieldsarounduslookedlikeagoldenseawhenwewereinthecountryside.當我們到鄉(xiāng)下時，我們周圍的田野看起來像金色的海洋。Inbigcities,cleaningwomenusuallygetpaidbythehour.在大城市，女清潔工通常按小時得到報酬。III.短文改錯Lastsummer,myfamilywenttoParistoseemyrelativesthatwehadn'tseenthemforover7years.Weleftwithmydadbecausehehadtowork.Theflightwasverybored.Afteraboutthreeandthehalfhours,wefinallyarrived.Oneofmyunclepickedusupattheairportanddroveustohishouse,whenwehadabigdinner.Duringthenextfewdays,weinvitedtootherrelatives'housestoeat.Also,wewentthroughtheLouvre,themuseumofarttoenjoytheMonaLisa.There