第03練短語類型及用法名詞短語名詞短語是以一個名詞為中心構(gòu)成的短語，語法功能相當(dāng)于名詞。它由幾個名詞或名詞及其修飾語構(gòu)成。名詞短語比起單個名詞表述得更加詳細、形象。1.常見的名詞短語(1)冠詞+形容詞+名詞anexcitingexperience一次沖動人心的經(jīng)受alonghistory一段悠久的歷史(2)冠詞+名詞+介詞+名詞apieceofbread一塊面包aglassofwater一杯水(3)名詞全部格+名詞Tom'sbook湯姆的書today'snewspaper今日的報紙(4)名詞+to/with/for介詞短語①thewaytosuccess勝利之道②amanwithgoodmanners有禮貌的人③booksforchildren兒童讀物(5)名詞作定語的名詞短語railwaystation火車站shoefactory鞋廠silkdress絲綢連衣裙glasscup玻璃杯2.名詞短語的句法功能(1)名詞短語作主語(謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)一般與名詞短語的中心詞保持全都)Theflowershopisjustaroundthecornerandyouwon'tmissit.花店就在拐角處，你肯定會找到它的。(2)名詞短語作賓語IwanttohaveatriptoEurope.我想去歐洲旅行。(3)名詞短語作表語Thisisanexcitingexperiencewhichwillneverbeforgotten.這是一次沖動人心、永久難以忘記的經(jīng)受。形容詞短語形容詞短語是由幾個形容詞或形容詞及其修飾語構(gòu)成的短語。常見的形容詞短語(1)兩個或多個形容詞可以由and，but等連詞連接，構(gòu)成形容詞短語。safeandsound安穩(wěn)無恙youngbutclever年紀(jì)小但聰慧(2)very等程度副詞作修飾語時，可與形容詞構(gòu)成形容詞短語，以加深形容詞的程度。veryhot特別熱awfullydirty極其臟longenough足夠長extremelylazy極其懶散形容詞短語的句法功能(1)形容詞短語作表語Thequestionisextremelydifficultforhimtosolve.這道題對他來說太難解答了。(2)形容詞短語作定語Youhaveasmallbutbeautifulroom.你有一個雖小但美麗的房間。(3)形容詞短語作賓語補足語Exercisecanmakeyouhealthyandenergetic.熬煉能使你健康有活力。(4)形容詞短語作狀語Hespentsevendaysinthewindandsnow,coldandhungry.他又冷又餓地在風(fēng)雪中度過了七天。副詞短語副詞短語是由幾個副詞或副詞及其修飾語構(gòu)成的短語。常見的副詞短語兩個或多個副詞可以由and,but等連詞連接，構(gòu)成副詞短語。againandagain一遍又一遍quicklyandcorrectly快速且精確?????very等程度副詞作修飾語時，可與其他副詞構(gòu)成副詞短語。extremelyfast快極了muchquicker快得多clearlyenough足夠清晰2.副詞短語的句法功能副詞短語在句中主要作狀語，修飾動詞、形容詞或句子。Iwarnedhimagainandagain.我一再警告他。指出以下句子中的名詞短語、形容詞短語和副詞短語，并說明其在句子中充當(dāng)?shù)某煞帧?．Thefirstdaywasalittleconfusing.___________________________________________________________________________________2．Itisveryhottoday.___________________________________________________________________________________3．Hespentdaysinthewindandsnow,coldandhungry.___________________________________________________________________________________4．Thechildrenoverthereareputtingsomethingontheroundplate.___________________________________________________________________________________5．Considering〔考慮到〕theweather,wegotherequitequickly.___________________________________________________________________________________6．He,sadandtired,sleptallday.___________________________________________________________________________________分析以下句子中名詞短語充當(dāng)?shù)某煞帧?．Theseredrosesareforyou.這些紅玫瑰是給你的。theseredroses在句中充當(dāng)________。8．Ihavethreeclosefriends.我有三個要好的伴侶。threeclosefriends在句中充當(dāng)________。9．Heismybestfriend.他是我最好的伴侶。mybestfriend在句中充當(dāng)________。10．Therearesomeredrosesonthatsmalltable.那張小桌子上有一些紅玫瑰。someredroses在句中充當(dāng)________；thatsmalltable在句中充當(dāng)介詞on的________。分析以下句子中形容詞短語在句中充當(dāng)?shù)某煞帧?1．Yourroomislargeandbeautiful.你的房間又大又美麗。形容詞短語largeandbeautiful在句中作________。12．Thenewsmadeherverysad.這消息使她特別難受。形容詞短語verysad在句中作________。13．Youhaveasmallbutbeautifulroom.你有一個美麗的小房間。形容詞短語smallbutbeautiful在句中作________。14．Thelostboyspentthreedaysintheforest,coldandhungry.那個迷路的男孩又冷又餓地在森林中度過了三天。形容詞短語coldandhungry在句中作________。畫出以下句中的短語并寫出在句中所作的成分15．Thefirstweekwasalittleconfusing.16．ThebuildingissobigthatI’mpletelylost.17．Thekidsoverthereareputtingsomethingonaroundpaperplate.18．Lindathinksandspeaksquitequicklyandshecandowellinthedebate.19．ThenewcoachtoldmethatIdidn'tplaywellenough.20．MyfirstFrenchclasswasveryconfusing.Theteacherspokesofast!畫出以下句中的短語并寫出在句中所作的成分21．Wearestudyinginabeautifulcampus.22．Thenovelhewroteisreallyveryconfusing.23．AlicecanspeakFrenchfartooclearly.24．Don’tyouthinkthisarmisstrongenoughtocarryashoppingbasket?25．TheclubsetupbyJohnwasapopularclubofmyschool.寫出以下加黑短語的類型及其在句中所作成分26．Sheismybestfriend.________短語;作________27．Thebottleisfullofwater.________短語;作________28．Heisaverygoodteacher.________短語;作________29．Thisoldhouseisforsale.________短語;作________30．Weconsiderhimagoodartist.________短語;作________31．Ifindtheproblemreallyconfusing.________短語;作________32．Muchinterested,heagreedtogiveitatry.________短語;作________33．Chineseteahasbeeagreen,healthyandp