Unit3Unit3Watchthemovieclipandhaveadiscussionaboutfriendsandfriendship.1.Whatdoyouthinkmakesagoodfriend?Pre-readingActivities-Audiovisualsupplement1AudiovisualsupplementCulturalinformationAgoodfriendisonewhoisloyal,considerateandhonest…Afriendcangivehelp,pleasure,company…2.Whatcanafriendgive?WatchthemovieclipandhavePre-readingActivities-Audiovisualsupplement2AudiovisualsupplementCulturalinformationPre-readingActivities-Audio[pouringsomethingfromajarintoaglass]Thisisthebloodofourpeople,thewolfpeople,thealligatorpeople,andthemoonwomenfromwhichwegainourstrengthtoruleallworlds.[HandsglasstoLittleTeensy.LittleTeensyshakesheadno.]Itsok.It’sjustchocolate.[Teensydrinks.]TeensyMelissaWhitman:Ideclareyou,Princess-Naked-As-A-Jaybird.[whispers]HotChaCha![turnstoLittleCaro]CaroElizaBennett:Ideclareyou,DuchessSoaringHawk.LittleVivi:LittleVivi:LittleVivi:LittleTeensy:LittleVivi:VideoScript1AudiovisualsupplementCulturalinformation[pouring[turnstoLittleNecie] NecieRoseKelleher:Ideclareyou,CountessSingingCloud.AndI:VivianeJoanAbbott,amherebyandforeverQueenDancingCreek.[pullsaknifeoutofashield] Now,waitjustonesecond...Idon’tthinkweshouldbecuttingourselveswiththatknife...Silence![nicksherhandswithknifeandpassesitdowntoLittleTeensy]Wearetheflamesoffires,thewhirlingofthewinds.Wearethewatersoftherainsandtheriversandtheoceans.Wearetherocksandthestones.Andnow,bythepowerinvestedinVideoScript1LittleVivi:LittleNecie:LittleVivi:LittleVivi:[turnstoLittleNecie]VideoSVideoScript1LittleVivi:AlllittleYa-Yas:me,IdeclarewearethemightyYa-yapriestesses.Letnomenputusunder.Nowourbloodflowsthrougheachotherasit’sdoneforalleternity.Loyalforever.RaiseourvoicesinthewordsofMumboGumbo…YA-YA!YA-YA!VideoScript1LittleVivi:me,IEnglishQuotesaboutFriendship:-Tellmewhatcompanythoukeepst,andI’lltelltheewhatthouart.

－MigueldeCervantes,Spanishnovelist-Myfriendsaremyestate.

－EmilyDickinson,AmericanPoet-Mybestfriendistheonewhobringsoutthebestinme.

－HenryFord,AmericanIndustrialist-Theonlyrewardofvirtueisvirtue;theonlywaytohaveafriendistobeone.

－RalphWaldoEmerson,AmericanEssayistCulturalinformation

1AudiovisualsupplementCulturalinformationFriendshipEnglishQuotesaboutFriendshCulturalinformation

2AudiovisualsupplementCulturalinformation-Truehappinessconsistsnotinthemultitudeoffriends,butintheirworthandchoice.

－SamuelJohnston,AmericanStatesman-Friendshipmakesprosperitymoreshiningandlessensadversitybydividingandsharingit.

－Cicero,Romanauthor,oratorandpolitician-Becourteoustoall,butintimatewithfew,andletthosefewbewelltriedbeforeyougivethemyourconfidence.Truefriendshipisaplantofslowgrowth,andmustundergoandwithstandtheshocksofadversitybeforeitisentitledtotheappellation.

－GeorgeWashington,FirstpresidentoftheU.S

Culturalinformation2AudiovisCulturalinformation3AudiovisualsupplementCulturalinformationTheholypassionofFriendshipisofsosweetandsteadyandloyalandenduringanaturethatitwilllastthroughawholelifetime,ifnotaskedtolendmoney.

－MarkTwain,Americanhumorist,novelist,shortstoryauthorCulturalinformation3AudiovisCulturalinformation4AudiovisualsupplementCulturalinformationChineseSayingsaboutFriendship:近朱者赤，近墨者黑。Keepgoodmencompanyandyoushallbeofthenumber.親兄弟，明算賬。Evenreckoningmakeslongfriends.物以類聚，人以群分。Birdsofafeatherflocktogether.君子之交淡如水。Ahedgebetweenkeepsfriendshipgreen.海內(nèi)存知己，天涯若比鄰。Abosomfriendafarbringsadistantlandnear.有朋自遠方來，不亦樂乎！Isn’titgreatwhenfriendsvisitfromdistantplaces?Culturalinformation4AudiovisCulturalinformation5AudiovisualsupplementCulturalinformationWomen’sFriendshipFemalefriendshipsareoftenseenashavingelementsofintimacyandsupport.Womentypicallydescribetheirfriendshipsintermsofclosenessandemotionalattachment.Whatcharacterizesfriendshipsbetweenwomenisthewillingnesstoshareimportantfeelings,thoughts,experiences,andsupport.Womendevoteagooddealoftimeandintensityofinvolvementtofriends.Friendshipsbetweenwomen,moresothanbetweenmen,arebroadandlesslikelytobedivided.GenderPatternsinFriendshipCulturalinformation5AudiovisCulturalinformation6AudiovisualsupplementCulturalinformationMen’sFriendshipsUnlikewomen,menaretypicallysocializedbysocietytobelesssocialandhavemoredifficultywithfriendships;theyareoftenraisedtocompetewithothermenandnotcooperatewiththem,tohidetheirvulnerabilitiesandnotsharetheirinnerexperiences.However,likewomen,mencanbenefitfromthesocialbondsoffriendship.Thegreatfriendshipsrecordedinhistoryhavebeenbetweenmen,andfriendshipsamongmenhaveoftenbeenromanticizedandidealized.Men’sfriendshipshavetypicallybeendescribedintermsofbraveryandphysicalsacrificeinprovidingassistancetoothers.DespitethishistoricalromanticizationoftheCulturalinformation6AudiovisCulturalinformation7AudiovisualsupplementCulturalinformationmalefriendship,researchershavefoundthatmenhavesignificantlyfewerfriendsthanwomen,especiallyclosefriendshipsorbestfriends.Culturalinformation7AudiovisCulturalinformation8AudiovisualsupplementCulturalinformationFriendshipbetweenMenandWomenThereismuchdebateaboutthepossibilitiesofmaleandfemalefriendships.Muchofthisdebatehashadtodowiththeideathatsexualattractionwillpreventmenandwomenfromformingastrongplatonicbond.Therecanbemanychallengestofemale-malefriendships.Forinstance,inasocietywheremenhavetypicallyhadmorepoweranddominance,equalitycanbeanissue.Bothgendersmaybenefitfromtheseinteractions:Menmaylearnmoreaboutsharingandestablishingemotionalsupport,whilewomenmightenjoyinteractionsthatarelessemotionallychallenging.Culturalinformation8AudiovisGeneralanalysisStructuralfeaturesInthetext,theauthordiscussesthedifferencesbetweenabuddyandafriendinaforcefulway.Themainideaofthetextcanbesummarizedinonesentence:abuddyisafinelifecompanionwhileafriendisthatparttheracewithwhichyoucanbehuman.RhetoricalfeaturesGolbalreading-generalGeneralanalysisStructuralfeaGeneralanalysisStructuralfeaturesThistextdistinguishestwokindsoffriendship:thatbetweenmenandthatbetweenwomen.Itcanbedividedintofourparts.PartI(Paragraphs1—2):theprelude,wheretheauthorrevealswhatkindoffilmthewomanhadjustseen.RhetoricalfeaturesGlobalreading-structural1PartII(Paragraphs3—6):theintroduction,wheretheauthoradvancesthedoublestandardoffriendshiponthebasisofthepersonallyobservedshiftoffocusofthecinemalens.GeneralanalysisStructuralfeaGeneralanalysisStructuralfeaturesPartIII(Paragraphs7—18):thebody,wherethedistinctionsofthetwotypesoffriendshiparedetailed.RhetoricalfeaturesGlobalreading-structural2PartIV(Paragraphs19):theconclusion,whichsummarizesthefundamentaldifferencebetweenmalecompanionshipandfemalefriendship.GeneralanalysisStructuralfeaToshowthedifferencesbetweenbuddinessandfriendshipeffectively,theauthorofthetextcoordinatessentencesinvariousways.Sometimesheusesconjunctionssuchasbut,yetandwhile.Andsometimeshesimplyputstwoclausestogetherwithoutusinganyconjunctionatall.Forexamples:Well,shethought,onthewhole,menhadbuddies,whilewomenhadfriends.Buddiesbonded,butfriendsloved.Buddiesfacedadversitytogether,butfriendsfacedeachother.Therewassomethingpalpablydifferentinthewaytheyspenttheirtime.Buddiesseemedto“do”thingsGeneralanalysisStructuralfeaturesRhetoricalfeaturesGlobalreading-rhetorical1Toshowthedifferencestogether;friendssimply“were”together.(paragraph8)Buddieshangtoughtogether;friendshangontoeachother.(paragraph11)GeneralanalysisStructuralfeaturesRhetoricalfeaturesGlobalreadingrhetorical2Practice:Pleasefindmoreexamplesofcoordinatingsentenceswithoutusinganyconjunction.together;friendssimply“were1 Itwas,inmanyways,a

slight

movie.Nothingactuallyhappened.Therewasnobig-budgetchasescene,nobloodyshoot-out.Thestoryendedwithoutany

cosmic

conclusions.2 YetshefoundClaudiaWeill’sfilmGirlfriendsgentleandaffecting.Slowly,itpannedacrossthetapestryoffriendship－showingitsfragility,itsresiliency,itsroleastheconnectingtissuebetweenthelivesoftwoyoungwomen.EllenGoodmanTHETAPESTRYOFFRIENDSHIPDetailedreading1-2Detailedreading1 Itwas,inmanyways,aslDetailedreading3-43Whenitwasover,shethoughtaboutthemoviesshehadseenthisyear－Julia，TheTurningPointandnowGirlfriends.Itseemedthatthepeculiareye,thesociallensofthecinema,haddrasticallyshifteditsfocus.SuddenlytheMaleBuddymovieshadbeenreplacedbytheFemaleFriendshipflicks.4Thiswasn’tjustanother

binge

oftrendiness,butakindofcinemavérité.Foroncethemovieswerereflectingashift,notjustfrommentowomenbutfromonedefinitionoffriendshiptoanother.DetailedreadingDetailedreading3-43WhenDetailedreading55Acrossmillionsofmilesofcelluloid,theidealoffriendshiphadalwaysbeenmale–aworldofsidekicksand“partners”ofButchCassidysandSundanceKids.Therehadbeensomethingalmostatavisticaboutthesevisionsofattachments–asifproducersculledtheirplotsfromsomepopanthropologybookonmalebonding.Moviesportrayedtheideathatonlymen,thosedirectdescendantsofhuntersandHemingways,inheritedaprimalcapacityforfriendship.Incontrast,theyportrayedwomenpickingoneachother,thewaytheyoncepickedberries.DetailedreadingDetailedreading55AcrossDetailedreading6-76Well,thatdualitymusthavebeenmortallywoundedinsomeshootoutattheYou’reOK,I’mOKCorral.Now,onthescreen,theywereatleastawareofthesubtledistinctionbetweenmenandwomenasbuddiesandfriends.7About150yearsago,Coleridgehadwritten,“Awoman’sfriendship

borders

moreclosely

on

lovethanaman’s.Menaffecteachotherinthereflectionofnobleorfriendlyacts,whilstwomenaskfewerproofsandmoresignsandexpressionsofattachment.”DetailedreadingDetailedreading6-76Well,Detailedreading8-9Detailedreading8Well,shethought,onthewhole,menhadbuddies,whilewomenhadfriends.Buddiesbonded,butfriendsloved.Buddiesfacedadversitytogether,butfriendsfacedeachother.Therewassomethingpalpablydifferentinthewaytheyspenttheirtime.Buddiesseemedto“do”thingstogether;friendssimply“were”together.9 Buddiescamelinked,likeaccessories,tooneactivityoranother.Peoplehavegolfbuddiesandbusinessbuddies,collegebuddiesandclubbuddies.Menoftenkeeptheirbuddiesinthesecategories,whilewomenkeepaspecialcategoryforfriends.Detailedreading8-9DetailedreDetailedreading10-12Detailedreading10Amanoncetoldherthatmenweren’trealbuddiesuntiltheyhadbeen“throughthewars”together－corporateorathleticormilitary.Theyhadtosoldiertogether,hesaid.Women,ontheotherhand,didn’tcountthemselvesasfriendsuntiltheyhadsharedthreeloathsomeconfidences.11 Buddieshangtoughtogether;friendshangontoeachother.12 Itprobablyhadsomethingtodowithpride.Youdon’tshowofftoafriend;youshowneed.Buddiestrytokeeptheworstfromeachother;friendsconfessit.Detailedreading10-12Detailed13Afriendofhersoncetelephonedherlover,justtofindoutifhewashome.Shehungupwithoutahellowhenhepickedupthephone.Later,wretchedwithembarrassment,thefriendmoaned,“Canyoubelieveme?Athirty-five-year-oldlawyer,makingachickencall?”Togethertheylaughedandmadeitbetter.14 Buddiesseekapproval.Butfriendsseekacceptance.15 Sheknewsomanymenwhohadbeentrainedinrestraint,afraidofeachother’sjudgmentorawkwardwitheachother’saffection.Shewasn’tsurewhich.Likebuddiesinthemovies,theywoulddieforeachother,butneverhugeachother.Detailedreading13-15Detailedreading13Afriendofhersoncet16ShehadrereadBabbittrecently,thatextraordinarycatalogueofmalegrievances.TheonlyrelationshipthatgavemeaningtotheclaustrophobiclifeofGeorgeBabbitthadbeenwithPaulRiesling.Butnotonceinthetragedyoftheirliveshadonebeenabletosaytotheother:Youmakeadifference.17Evennowmenshockedherattimeswiththeirdescriptionoffriendship.Doesthisonehaveabestfriend?“Why,ofcourse,weseeeachothereveryFebruary.”Doesthatonecallhismostintimatepallongdistance?“Why,certainly,wheneverthere’sarealreason.”Detailedreading16-17Detailedreading16ShehadrereadBabbittDetailedreading18-19DetailedreadingDothosetwooldchumseverhavedinnertogether?“Youmeanalone?Withoutourwives?”18Yet,thingswerechanging.Theidealofintimacywasn’tthisparallelplaymate,thisteammate,thistrenchmate.NoteveninHollywood.Inthedoublestandardoffriendship,foroncethefemaleversionwasbecomingacceptedasthegeneralideal.19 Afterall,abuddyisafinelife-companion.Butone’sfriends,asSantayanaoncewrote,“arethatpartoftheracewithwhichonecanbehuman.”Detailedreading18-19DetailedWhatkindofmoviedidthewomansee?Whatdidshethinkofit?(paragraphs1－2)Detailedreading1--Quesion1Itwasamoviethatportrayedallaspectsofthefriendshipbetweentwowomen:itsfragility,itsresiliencyanditsconnectingfunction.Itwasquiteanordinaryfilm,withoutthrillingsceneslikealong-timecarchaseorafiercegunfight.Theendwasofnogreatsignificanceeither.Themoviewasgentleandmovingtothewoman,because,asthefollowingparagraphsshow,withtheothertwomoviesitbroughtaboutanewdefinitionoffriendshipthatstoodagainstthetraditionalviewoffriendship.DetailedreadingWhatkindofmoviedidthewomDetailedreading1--Quesion2DetailedreadingWhatledthewomantothinkthatthecinemahasdrasticallyshifteditsfocus?(paragraph3)ItwasthefactthatatpresentthereweremanymoremoviesaboutFemaleFriendshipthanmoviesaboutMaleBuddiness.Incontrast,inthepast,thefriendshipbetweenmenhaddominatedthemovies,givingafalseimpressionthatonlymenwerecapableofmakingfriends.Whatwastheshift?(paragraph4)Onthesurface,itwasashiftfromthefriendshipbetweenmentothatbetweenwomen;butinnaturetheshifthighlightedadifferenttypeoffriendship:MaleBuddinessissubtlydistinctfromFemaleFriendship.Detailedreading1--Quesion2DeDetailedreading1--Quesion3DetailedreadingWhatisthefundamentaldifferencebetweenbuddiesandfriends?(paragraphs7－18)Buddiesaremen’scompanions;theyareconnectedbycommonactivities.Friends,inthenarrowsenseinthetext,arewomen’scompanions;theyareassociatedbyemotionalattachment.Withoutsharedactivities,therewouldbenobuddiesformen;withoutlovetherewouldbenotruefriendsforwomen.Detailedreading1--Quesion3DeDetailedreading1--Quesion4DetailedreadingWhataretheconditionsofmenbecomingbuddiesandofwomenbecomingfriends?(paragraphs7－18)Menbecomebuddiesonlywhentheyhaveweatheredstormsincommercialorathleticormilitary“wars”together,whilewomenhavetoexchangeatleastthreeloathsomesecretsbeforetheyconsiderthemselvesasfriends.Detailedreading1--Quesion4Deslight:a.ofnoimportanceorconsideration;triflingDetailedreading1-2–slighte.g.Therewasaslightincreaseinherweightafterthewinterholidays.寒假結(jié)束后，她好像有點兒發(fā)胖。DetailedreadingTranslation:他是個高個子德國人，講一口漂亮的英語，只帶一丁點口音。HewasatallGermanwhospokeperfectEnglishwithonlyaslighttraceofaccent.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________slight:a.Detailedreading1-2Detailedreading1-2–cosmicDetailedreadingcosmic:a.(1)verygreatThisearthquakewasadisasterofcosmicscale.e.g.Theothergreatcosmicrealityistime.Somepeoplebelievethatwhathappensintheirlivesisinfluencedbycosmicforces.e.g.(2)relatingtotheuniverseorcosmosDetailedreading1-2–cosmicDetDetailedreading3-4–shiftone’sfocusDetailedreadingshiftone’sfocus(onto/to):

moveone’sattentionfromonethingtoanothere.g.Itwasnotuntilthelastyearthatwebegantoshiftourfocusontothedriveformodernization.ThatiswhyIinsistedthatthefocusofourworkshouldberapidlyshiftedtotheeconomicdevelopment.Detailedreading3-4–shiftoneDetailedreading3-4–flick1Detailedreadingflick:(slang)n.amovieSymonyms:movie,film,motionpicture,movingpicture,picture,pictureshow,showDetailedreading3-4–flick1DetDetailedreading3-4–flick2DetailedreadingAmericansaresuckersforactionflicksthatarefamousforsenselessexplosions,carchases,barbrawlsandshoot-outs.Whatkindofmoviesarethey?PleasetranslatethefollowingintoEnglish.言情片romance/lovestory動作片actionfilm恐怖片horrorfilm驚悚片thriller動畫片cartoon/animation懸疑片mystery賀歲片NewYeargreetingspictures/NewYearblockbusterDetailedreading3-4–flick2DetDetailedreading3-4–bingeDetailedreadingbinge:n.

aperiodofunrestrained,immoderateself-indulgence,esp.infoodanddrinke.g.Whenshewasdepressed,shewentonanice-creambinge.DuringChristmas,Canadiansspentawhopping$40.3billionastheywentonaspendingbinge.Detailedreading3-4–bingeDetaDetailedreading5–sidekickDetailedreadingsidekick:(slang)n.aclosecompanionorcomradee.g.HeisSam’ssidekick,tomyknowledge.MarkhasbeenLuke’ssidekicksincejuniorhighschool.Detailedreading5–sidekickDetDetailedreading5–cullDetailedreadingcull:v.

choosefromvarioussourcese.g.HereareafewfactsandfiguresI’veculledfromalifetimeofexperience.It’sacollectionoffascinatingstoriesculledfromalifetimeofexperience.Detailedreading5–cullDetaileDetailedreading5–inheritDetailedreadinginherit:v.(1)receiveortakeoverfromapredecessore.g.Williaminheritedafortunebutranitthroughinnotime.Mybrotherinheritedthelion’sshareofourfather’smoney.Thenewadministrationinheritedtheeconomicproblemsofthelastfouryears.(2)bebornwithe.g.Rosieinheritedherredhairfromhermother.Detailedreading5–inheritDetaDetailedreading5–pickonDetailedreadinge.g.Hisolderbrotheralwayspickedonhim.Theolderchildrenlikedtopickontheyoungerones.pickon:(1)(Informal)criticizeorblame;tease;harasse.g.Theprofessoralwayspicksonmetotranslatelongpassages.Healwayspicksonsmallpointstocriticize.(2)singleout;chooseDetailedreading5–pickonDetaiDetailedreading6-7–boardonDetailedreadingborderon:comenearorvergeon,resemble,comenearerinquality,orcharactere.g.Hisrigidtranslationofthisliteraryworkbordersonliteralness.Someofhisstatementsaresoincorrectthattheyborderonfraudulence.Detailedreading6-7–boardonDDetailedreading8-9–adversityDetailedreading

adversity:n.

difficulties;misfortunee.g.Adversityisagooddiscipline.逆境是最好的磨練。Translation:Prosperitymakesfriendsandadversitytriesthem.Intimesofprosperity,wehavetobepreparedforadversity.富貴交友易，患難顯真情。____________________________________________________________順境時，我們要居安思危。____________________________________________________________Detailedreading8-9–adversityDetailedreading10–12countDetailedreadingcount:v.

considerorbeconsideredase.g.Icountmyselffortunatetohavehadsuchagoodeducation.Ithinkwecancountthismeetingagreatsuccess.Ihopeyouwon’tcountitagainstmeifIdon’tcometoyourbirthdayparty.Detailedreading10–12countDetDetailedreading13-15–chicken1Detailedreadingchicken:n.(Informal)ayoungorinexperiencedperson,esp.ayounggirle.g.Well,she’scertainlynospringchicken.(2)(Slang)acowardlyorfearfulpersone.g.“Don’tbescared,Chickens!”camehervoicewithteasinggaiety.chickenout(Slang)refrainfromdoingsth.becauseoffearorcowardicee.g.IchickenedoutwhenIsawhowdeepthewaterwas.Detailedreading13-15–chickenDetailedreading13-15-chicken-activityDetailedreadingWhatkindofpersonarethey?①Hehasbeensaidtobetheblacksheepofthefamilyeversincehequitschoolthreeyearsago.()②Aftergraduationhehasbecomeverysuccessfulandhehasturnedintoarealfatcat.()③Myneighborissuchanoldcrab.WheneverIturnonmyradioortelevisionset,heknocksonmydoorandangrilyordersmetostop.()④InthecityIwasnothing,butthereinthecountrysideIwasconsideredabigfish.()⑤Thelionsatherpartyincludedtwofamousauthorsandamusician.()

害群之馬；敗家子暴發(fā)戶脾氣暴躁的人重要人物社交場合的顯貴；名流

Detailedreading13-15-chicken-Detailedreading1–itwasinmanyways…DetailedreadingItwas,inmanyways,aslightmovie.Nothingactuallyhappened.Therewasnobig-budgetchasescene,nobloodyshoot-out.Thestoryendedwithoutanycosmicconclusions.Paraphrase:Inmanyaspectsitwasasimple,ordinarymovie.Itwasquiteanordinaryscene,withoutthespectacleofcarschasingeachotherandbloodshedgunfight.Theendwasofnogreatsignificance.Detailedreading1–itwasinmDetailedreading2–thiswasn’tjustanother…DetailedreadingThiswasn’tjustanotherbingeoftrendiness,butakindofcinemaverité.Paraphrase:Thiswasnotsimplyashiftfromonefashiontoanother,butatruthfuldescriptionoffriendship.Detailedreading2–thiswasn’tDetailedreading3–awomansfriendshipDetailedreadingAwoman’sfriendshipbordersmorecloselyonlovethanman’s.Paraphrase:Thefriendshipbetweenwomenresemblesmoretolovethanthatbetweenmen.Detailedreading3–awomansfrDetailedreading4–amanoncetoldher…DetailedreadingAmanoncetoldherthatmenweren’trealbuddiesuntiltheyhadbeen“throughthewars”together—corporateorathleticormilitary.Paraphrase:…menwouldn’tbecomerealfriendsunlesstheyhadexperiencedtryingmomentstogether,likebeingbusinesspartners,sportspalsorcomrades-in-arms.Detailedreading4–amanoncetDetailedreading5–theonlyrelationgshipthat…DetailedreadingTheonlyrelationshipthatgavemeaningtotheclaustrophobiclifeofGeorgeBabbitthadbeenwithPaulRiesling.Paraphrase:WhatmadetheconfinedandfearfullifeofGeorgeBabbittmeaningfulhadbeenhisrelationshipwithPaulRiesling;withouthisrelationshipwithPaulRiesling,GeorgeBabbittwouldhavefoundhislifemeaningless.Detailedreading5–theonlyrelConsolidationActivities-VocabularymainWordderivationWordsandphrasespracticesSynonym/AntonymVocabularyTranslation

IntegratedskillsOralactivitiesWritingGrammarConsolidationActivities-VocaConsolidationActivities-wordde11)fragilea.→fragilityn.VocabularyTranslation

IntegratedskillsOralactivitiesWritingGrammarThisvaseisfragile,pleasehandleitwithcare.這個花瓶易碎，拿的時候小心一點兒。Shehasastrongwillhiddenwithinherfragilebody.她柔弱的外表下隱藏著堅強的意志。e.g.Manyofthespeakerswarnedofthefragilityoftheworldorder.很多發(fā)言人警告說世界秩序很脆弱。ConsolidationActivities-wordWithaheavysnow,thetemperaturedroppeddrastically.ConsolidationActivities-wordde2VocabularyTranslation

IntegratedskillsOralactivitiesWritingGrammar2)drastica.→drasticallyad.TheFrenchRevolutionhasbroughtdrasticsocialchanges.法國大革命導致劇烈的社會變革。Thegovernmentisthreateningtotakedrasticaction.政府警告要采取嚴厲措施。隨著一場大雪的降臨，氣溫急劇下降。e.g.Withaheavysnow,thetemperaConsolidationActivities-wordde3VocabularyTranslation

IntegratedskillsOralactivitiesWritingGrammar3)replacev.→replacementn.Teacherswillneverbereplacedbycomputersintheclassroom.課堂上的電腦永遠不會取代老師。Weneedareplacementforthesecretarywholeft.我們需要一個人來接替離職的秘書。e.g.ConsolidationActivities-wordConsolidationActivities-wordde4VocabularyTranslation

IntegratedskillsOralactivitiesWritingGrammar4)athleten.→athletica.Iheardthathewonalotofprizeswhenhewasanathlete.我聽說他當運動員時獲過許多獎項。AlotofgirlslikeAmericanguys,simplybecausetheyareathletic.很多女孩兒都喜歡美國小伙子，就是因為他們體格健壯。e.g.ConsolidationActivities-wordConsolidationActivities-wordde5VocabularyTranslation

IntegratedskillsOralactivitiesWritingGrammar5)portrayv.→portraitn.Perhapsitwasforthisreasonthatcartoonistsdidnotworkouthowtheywouldportrayhim.也許正是這個原因，漫畫家們才沒有想好該怎樣來刻畫他。OverthedeskwasaportraitofthePresident,probablypaintedinhisthirties.書桌上方掛著一幅總統(tǒng)的肖像，很可能是在他三十來歲時畫的。e.g.ConsolidationActivities-wordConsolidationActivities-wordde6VocabularyTr