狀語從句Jimjoinedthearmyin1989.（介詞短語作時間狀語）Jimjoinedthearmywhenhewas20.（when引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句）HepickedupsomeFrenchwordsinParis.（介詞短語作地點(diǎn)狀語）HepickedupsomeFrenchwordswhenhewasinParis.（when引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句）Iwillhelpyouifyouaskme.（if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句）HewearsaT-shirtthoughitiscold.（though引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句）狀語從句的概念什么是狀語？？簡單理解，狀語就是從不同的角度去修飾謂語動詞。比如：我今天很開心。（“今天”就是狀語）我在廣州教英語。（“在廣州”就是狀語）定語從句和狀語從句都是起修飾作用的句子。定語從句修飾名詞或者代詞，狀語從句修飾動詞。什么是狀語從句？1.定義：在主從復(fù)合句中，用于修飾主句中動詞、形容詞或副詞的句子，叫狀語從句。2.類型：狀語從句按其在句中的作用分為：時間、地點(diǎn)、原因、目的、結(jié)果、條件、方式、讓步、比較狀語從句九類。3.位置：由從屬連詞引導(dǎo)，可位于主句前，亦可位于主句后。位于句首時，用逗號與其后的主句隔開。4.注意：狀語從句的連詞是從屬連詞，引導(dǎo)的從句成分完整，連詞不在其中充當(dāng)成分,只起連接作用.（在定從中，關(guān)系代詞that,which通常在從句中充當(dāng)成分，注意區(qū)分）時間狀語從句1）由when引導(dǎo)。翻譯為：當(dāng)…的時候如：WhenIcameintotheroom,hewaswritingaletter.Weshallgotherewhenwearefree.Whentheweatherisfine,manypeoplegooutforawalk.2）由while，as 引導(dǎo)while指“在某一段時間里”，“在…期間”，while引導(dǎo)的動作必須是持續(xù)性的。（且持續(xù)性的動詞常用進(jìn)行時態(tài)）as引導(dǎo)持續(xù)性動作，強(qiáng)調(diào)主句和從句的動作同時發(fā)生，從句常譯作“一邊…一邊…”。如：Whileitwasraining,theywentout.Hehurriedhome,lookingbehindashewent.【when,while,as的區(qū)別】when延續(xù)性動詞；非延續(xù)性動詞1.表示瞬間，也可以表示時間段；2.與主句的動作可以同時發(fā)生，也可以先后發(fā)生Thefilmhadbeenonwhenwearrived.Whentheweatherisfine,manypeoplegooutforawalk.while延續(xù)性動詞；伴隨發(fā)生的動作。常與進(jìn)行時連用WhiletheywerecrossingtheAtlantic,manypeopledied.MymotherwascookingwhileIwasdoingmyhomeworkas延續(xù)性動詞；非延續(xù)性動詞不分先后，指兩個事件同時發(fā)生AsIleftthehouse,Iforgetthekey3）由before，after引導(dǎo)before表示在…之前。after譯為“在…之后”。如：Beapupilbeforeyoubecomeateacher.Hearrivedafterthegamestarted.4）由till，until引導(dǎo)。till只是Until一個出場極少的替補(bǔ)①、用于肯定句作“直到......為止”解時，主句的動詞一般是延續(xù)要till(until)所表示的時間為止。例如:1.Hewaitstill/untilthechildrenareasleep.他等著直到孩子們睡熟2.Ishallstayheretill/untiltwelveo'clock.我將留在這里一直到十二點(diǎn)鐘。②用于否定句作“在......以前”、“直到才”解時，主句的動詞一般是終止性的，它所表示的動作直到until（till）所表示的時間才發(fā)生。例如:1.Hedidn'tcometill/untillateinthemorning.他直到早上很遲才來2.Hedidn'tarrivetill/untilthegamehadbegun.直到比賽開始他才到5）由since,assoonas 引導(dǎo)Since自從，一般與現(xiàn)在完成時連用；Assoonas“一…就…”，強(qiáng)調(diào)動作緊密相連GreatchangeshavetakenplaceinChinasince1978.Webegantoworkassoonaswegotthere.相關(guān)練習(xí)：Whilewe'restayingwithourfriends,we'regoingtospendonedayinQingdao.Beforewebegindinner,myfathergivesthanksforthefood.Whenitisallover,everyonehelpswashthedishes.Andmyfamilyalwaysgosomewhereinterestingassoonastheholidaybegins.WehavecelebratedthefestivalsincethefirstpioneersfromEnglandarrivedinAmerica.Aftertheylanded,theirfirstwinterwasworsethananyEnglishwinter.1.Afterourfriendsarrived,weallwenttothesquare.2.WhiletheywerewatchingTV,welistenedtomusicandsangtraditionalsongs.2.Assoonasitwastwelveo'clock,weallshouted“HappyNewYear”.4.Westayedthereuntilshearrived.5.HehasmadealotofprogresssinceshestartedtolearnEnglishlastmonth.原因狀語從句1）由because引導(dǎo)只有because才能回答why的問題，語氣最強(qiáng)位置：一般放在主句之后。如：Sheismyherobecausesheisoneofthebesttabletennisplayersintheworld.Icame backlateyesterdaybecause Iwasonduty（值班）.2）由since（既然），as（由于）引導(dǎo)As,since表示既然或已知的原因，稍加分析即可表明的原因。位置：since/as引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句常放在句首,說明原因，主句說明結(jié)果,常用于口語中。如：Sinceeveryoneishere,let’sbeginourmeeting.Astheweatherwasfine,wewentoutforawalk.【補(bǔ)充】since和as的其他常見用法Since:①自從（時間狀語從句，跟現(xiàn)完）②既然（原因狀語從句）As：①作為：asateacher②一邊…一邊….（時間狀語從句）Ashewalkedalongthestreet,hesanghappily.③由于（原因狀語從句）結(jié)果狀語從句1）由so,sothat，so…that引導(dǎo)①sothat前有逗號為結(jié)果狀語從句。②so…that…的so后面跟形容詞或副詞,表程度，翻譯成：太…以至于….。如：IwassocarelessthatIforgotsomethingimportant.heworkedtoohard,sohefellillagain.Weturneduptheradio,sothateveryoneheardthenews.2）由such…that（如此..以至于）引導(dǎo)【注意】區(qū)分such…that….和so…that…1. 翻譯：如此/這樣（程度）…以至于…2. So（副詞）后面跟形容詞，such（形容詞）后面跟名詞（名詞短語）比如：sosuchSostupid（如此愚蠢）Suchaninterestingstory這樣的故事Sonice（如此好）Suchabook這樣的一本書Sointeresting（如此有趣）Suchaman這樣的一個人so+形容詞或副詞+thatso+形容詞+a/an+單數(shù)名詞+that(sodeliciousanapplethat..)such+a/an+形容詞+單數(shù)名詞+that(suchadeliciousapplethat..)如此一個such+形容詞+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+that(suchdeliciousapplesthat..)such+形容詞+不可數(shù)名詞+that練習(xí)用so/such/sucha填空做題思路：看填空后面是形容詞還是名詞（短語）suchweathermaybetoohottobethetourist.IlikeTomandAnn.They'resuchnicepeople.Iwassurprisedthathelookedsowellafterhisrecentillness.Everythingissoexpensivethesedays,isn'tit?Theweatherislovely,isn'tit?ldidn'texpectittobesuchaniceday.lhavetogo.ldidn'trealizethatitwassolate.當(dāng)名詞前面有many,much,little(少),few修飾時，用so而不用such。Wehavesomuchtimethatwecanfinishtheworkverywell.目的狀語從句由sothat,inorderthat引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句中常用情態(tài)動詞may(might),can(could),should等放在動詞之前，從句往往放在主句之后,主從句之間不用任何標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號。如：IshallwritedownyourtelephonenumbersothatImaynotforgetit.【注意】sothat既能引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句，又能引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句。引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句時，一般會用逗號與主句隔開。引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句時，從句中常出現(xiàn)情態(tài)動詞。IgotupearlysothatIcouldgettoschoolontime.（目的）Weareallherenow,sothatthemeetingcanbeginatlast.（結(jié)果）相關(guān)練習(xí)：1.判斷是什么類型的狀語從句，以及從屬連詞是什么？Manypeopleweredyingbecausetheydidnotgettohospitalquicklyenough.（原因狀從）Therewerefewdoctors,sohehadtoworkveryhardonhisown.（結(jié)果）Hewrotebookssothattheycouldlearnabouthowhetreatedthesick.（目的）2.Completethepassagewithbecause,soorsothat.YuryGagarin(1934-1968)wasanastronautoftheSovietUnionwhobecamethefirsthumaninspace.Atschool,theteacherslikedGagarin(1)becausehewascleverandworkedhard.In1960,Gagarinbecameoneofthetwentyastronautsinaspaceprogram.Gagarintrainedhard(2)sothathecouldtravelintospace.Gagarinwasnottall,(3)sohegotthechancetoflythesmallspaceship.theVostokI.On12thApril1961,Gagarintookoffforspace.Afteralmosttwohours,helandedsafelybackonearth.Hebecamefamousaroundtheworldandtravelledalottotellpeopleofhisexperienceinspace.讓步狀語從句什么叫讓步狀語從句？？就是做最壞的打算，退一步來講，要有落差感??！晴天我要去踢球；即便是陰天，我也要去踢球；就算是下雨，我也要去踢球；就算下雪了??！我還是要去踢球！！更何況晴天呢？由though，although引導(dǎo)在句子中一般用了“雖然”就不能再用“但是”（but），但可以與yet或still連用。though/although意義相同，用法基本一樣，前者通俗，口語化，后者正式，多放主句的前面。如：Although(Though)hewasoversixty,hebegantolearnFrench.Icanlookaftermyself,althoughitwon’tbeeasyforme.由evenif，eventhough引導(dǎo)evenif和eventhough的意思為“即使”“縱使”有退一步設(shè)想的意味,多用于書面語中。如：I’llgoevenif(though)itrainstomorrow.由as引導(dǎo)as引出的狀語從句多用于書面語，它比用though或although引導(dǎo)的從句語氣強(qiáng)，更有表現(xiàn)力，從句常放在句首，語序部分倒裝。如：Childasheis,heknowsalot.=Though/Althoughheisachild,heknowsalot.條件狀語從句由if，unless，as/solongas引導(dǎo)If引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句，意為：“如果”Unless從句的謂語只能用肯定式。unless和if…not同義，unless是書面語，if…not是口語，通常二者可以換用。As/solongas只要如：Weshallgotheretomorrowunlessitrains.=Weshallgotheretomorrowifitdoesn’train.One’slifehasvalueaslongasonebringsvaluetothelifeofothers.【補(bǔ)充】“If引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句，用“主將從現(xiàn)”主句用一般將來時，if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句用一般現(xiàn)在時。1.Hewillcomeifyouinvitehim.---如果你邀請他的話，他將會來的。2.Theywon'tgotothebeachifitrains.---如果下雨的話，他們將不會去沙灘。3.Yourparentswillbehappyifyoustudyhard.---如果你學(xué)習(xí)努力的話，你的父母將會很開心。“If+祈使句”：如果…就….（主祈從現(xiàn)）Ifyouwanttogo,pleasetellme.如果你想去，請告知我Ifyouwanttoknowmoreaboutit,callnow.如果你想了解更多的內(nèi)容，現(xiàn)在就打電話吧！Ifyouwanttoknowwhattosee,lookattheguide.如果你想知道有什么可看的，看看指南吧！Don’tbesadifyoufailtheexam.如果你考試不合格，不要傷心。可以看出，If引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句，不是已經(jīng)發(fā)生的事情，而是指能夠發(fā)生或者可能發(fā)生的事情。If+祈使句：可以用來表達(dá)建議狀語從句綜合練習(xí)NancyenjoyedherselfsomuchAshevisitedherfriendsinSydneylastyear.WhenB.thatC.whichD.where2.Itjustisn’tfair.DIwasworkingasawaiterlastmonth,myfriendswerelyingonthebeach.A.WheneverB.ThoughC.ForD.While3.—Washisfatherverystrictwithhimwhenhewasatschool?—Yes.HehadneverpraisedhimChebecameoneofthetopstudentsinhisgrade.A.afterB.unlessC.untilD.when4.“Youcan’thavethisfootballbackDyoupromise（承諾）nottokick（踢）itatmycatagain,”theoldmansaidfirmly.A.becauseB.sinceC.whenD.until（在…之前）5.IreallyenjoylisteningtomusicAithelpsmerelaxandtakesmymindawayfromothercaresoftheday.A.becauseB.beforeC.unlessD.until6.Jennywasverysadovertheloss（丟失）ofthephotosshehadshotatCanada,Athiswasamemorysheespeciallytreasured（珍貴的）.A.As(由于)B.ifC.whenD.where7.YouwillnevergainsuccessDyouarefullydevotedto（致力于）yourwork.A.whenB.becauseC.afterD.unless（如果不）8.SpeaktohimslowlyBhemayunderstandyoubetter.A.sinceB.sothatC.forD.because9.ItwasDthatshecouldn’tfinishitbyherself.A.sodifficultaworkB.suchadifficultworkC.sodifficultworkD.suchdifficultwork10.Thoughheisinhissixties,Aheworksashardasayoungman.A.yetB.butC.andD.andyet用適當(dāng)?shù)膹膶龠B詞填空1．(2021·德州中考改編)Althoughtheautumncolorsweren’tyetattheirpeak(峰值),theautumnscen