必修二Unit4Exploringliterature夯基全部單詞過一遍和部分單詞變一變序號(hào)原詞詞性、詞意詞性/形轉(zhuǎn)換1devotev.把……奉獻(xiàn),把……專用devotionn.奉獻(xiàn)，投入devotedadj.忠誠(chéng)的；獻(xiàn)身的2*earnestadj.非常認(rèn)真的；誠(chéng)實(shí)的，真誠(chéng)的(adv.earnestly)→earnestnessn.認(rèn)真，誠(chéng)摯3*butterflyn.蝴蝶4literaturen.literaryadj.文學(xué)的；書面的；精通文學(xué)的literateadj.受過教育的；精通文學(xué)的literacyn.讀寫能力；精通文學(xué)5*shelln.貝殼；殼6appealvi.有吸引力；申訴；呼吁n.吸引力；申訴；呼吁appealingadj.有吸引力的，有感染力的，令人感興趣的7determinevt.確定；支配；決心vi.決心determinedadj.意志堅(jiān)定的，下定決心的determinationn.決心；決定8significantadj.有重要意義的，顯著的(adv.significantly)significancen.意義；重要性9n.描述，形容，說明describevt.描寫；形容；描繪10sensitiveadj.感覺敏銳的；體貼的；敏感的；靈敏的sensen.感覺，意識(shí)；v.感覺到，覺察到，意識(shí)到sensibleadj.有感覺的，明智的senselessadj.無意義的，無目的的，失去知覺，不明智的，愚蠢的sensitivityn.敏感11souln.靈魂；心性，內(nèi)心12reflectvt.&vi.反映，顯示；映出(影像)；反射(聲、光、熱等)；沉思reflectionn.反映；思考；(聲、光、熱等的)反射；映像reflectiveadj.反映的，反射的，沉思的(adv.reflectively)13capableadj.有能力，有才能；能力強(qiáng)的capabilityn.能力，才能，性能，容量incapableadj.無能力的14awakenvt.&vi.喚起，被喚起；(使)醒來15launchvt.使(船)下水；開始從事，發(fā)動(dòng)launchern.發(fā)射器；發(fā)射臺(tái)；發(fā)射者16permanentadj.永久的，永恒的，長(zhǎng)久的(adv.permanently)17containvt.containern.容器，集裝箱，貨柜18elementn.19universaladj.普遍的，共同的；普遍存在的(adv.universally)universen.宇宙，世界，領(lǐng)域20summaryn.總結(jié)，概括，概要summarizev.總結(jié)，概述21featuren.特色，特征vt.以……為特色，是……的特征22authorn.作者，作家23thereforeadv.因此，所以24issuen.重要議題，爭(zhēng)論的問題；問題，擔(dān)憂；(報(bào)刊)一期vt.宣布，公布 25noveln.(長(zhǎng)篇)小說novelistn.小說家26upperadj.上部的；上面的27gapn.差距；間隙28contextn.(事情發(fā)生的)背景，環(huán)境，來龍去脈；上下文，語境29specificadj.特定的；明確的，具體的specificallyadv.具體地，明確地，說得明確些30particularadj.特別的，格外的；特指的；挑剔的particularlyadv.尤其，特別31topicn.話題；題目；標(biāo)題32collectionn.(同類)收藏品；作品集；募捐，收藏家collectiveadj.共同的，集體的33n.部分，部門；部件，散件34mean35transporttransportationn.運(yùn)輸；運(yùn)輸系統(tǒng)；運(yùn)輸工具；流放transportern.運(yùn)輸車，運(yùn)輸機(jī)，輸送機(jī)36turkey37generositygenerousadj.慷慨的；大方的(adv.generously)→38chapter39poetry40stage41*autobiographyn.autobiographicaladj.自傳的；自傳體的；自傳作家的4243extremelyextremeadj.極其的；極端的44destroydestructionn.毀滅，破壞destructiveadj.毀滅性的，破壞性的destructiveness.n.毀滅性，破壞性destroyern.破壞者，毀滅者；驅(qū)逐艦45defeat46attemptattemptedadj.企圖的，未遂的47nstraightadj.直的；連續(xù)的adv.直接地，坦率地48*strain49alongsideadv.在……旁邊；與……一起50*accomplishvt.完成accomplishmentn.完成，成就，技藝accomplishableadj.可完成的；可達(dá)成的accomplishedadj.被完成的；熟練的，才華高的，技藝高超的51noble52confusedconfusevt.使困惑(迷惑不解)confusionn.困惑，混淆53*weave54*mushy55flash重要短語覽一覽1.appealto有吸引力，有感染力，引起興趣，對(duì)……有吸引力；向……呼吁2.becapableof有能力，能夠3.beonthepointofdoingsth.正要做某事4.bring...toone’sattention使……引起某人的注意5.clearup(頭腦)清醒；使整潔，清理evoteoneselfto致力，專心，獻(xiàn)身拓展：devote...to...把……貢獻(xiàn)給……，致力于……，把……用于adapt...to...使適應(yīng)，使配合adjust...to...調(diào)節(jié)……以適應(yīng)addict...to...使……對(duì)……上癮，使……沉迷于apply...to...把……應(yīng)用于……prefer...to...喜歡……勝過……attach...to...把……附在……上7.drawon憑借，利用拓展：drawback退縮，收回drawin(火車等)進(jìn)站、到達(dá)，吸引drawnear 靠近，臨近drawout取出，(白晝)長(zhǎng)起來，拉長(zhǎng)，使暢所欲言drawup起草，草擬8.holdon堅(jiān)持；抓住9.holdup舉起；支撐；挺住10.makeanefforttodosth.努力做某事11.oughtto應(yīng)該，應(yīng)當(dāng)12.pullup停車，停止13.pullover(使)靠岸；把……開到路邊；靠邊停車14.reachfor伸手夠/拿15.share...with...和/與……分享/合住16.takeon呈現(xiàn)；表現(xiàn)17.oncemore/again再一次；又18.inparticular尤其，特別19.inaword總而言之，簡(jiǎn)言之，一句話20.instore(forsb.)即將發(fā)生(在某人身上)，等待著(某人)21.insummary總的來說22.inthepresenceof在……的面前，當(dāng)著……的面，在……出現(xiàn)的情況下23.withwonder驚奇地，驚愕地，驚嘆不已地核心詞匯講一講核心詞匯-1.devote【教材原句】...whateverIhavedevotedmyselfto,Ihavedevotedmyselftocompletely...(P43)【考點(diǎn)歸納】①詞性/形變化devotev.致力于，獻(xiàn)身→devotionn.奉獻(xiàn)，投入→devotedadj.忠誠(chéng)的；獻(xiàn)身的②相關(guān)短語：devoteoneselfto...獻(xiàn)身于，致力于bedevotedto...奉獻(xiàn)于……，專心于……，忠誠(chéng)于……devote...to...把……貢獻(xiàn)給……，致力于……，把……用于【語境運(yùn)用】用該詞條恰當(dāng)?shù)男问教羁闸貯fterreadingthereport,thewoman’sselfless_________gavemeadeepimpression.【答案】devotion【解析】形容詞selfless后面用名詞。句意：讀完這個(gè)報(bào)道后，這個(gè)婦女的無私奉獻(xiàn)給我留下了深刻的印象。②Mr.Wangisa_________familymanandhealwaysgoeshomedirectlyafterwork.【答案】devoted【解析】此處修飾名詞短語familyman表示“愛家的人”應(yīng)填形容詞devoted，故填devoted。句意：王先生是個(gè)愛家的人，總是下班后直接回家。完成句子③就是因?yàn)樗硇膸椭鷦e人，他被授予了這項(xiàng)榮譽(yù)。Itwasbecausehe__________________

that

hewasawardedsuchagreathonor.【答案】devotedhimselftohelpingothers/wasdevotedtohelpingothers④由于我的精力都集中在復(fù)習(xí)上，我沒有時(shí)間和朋友在線聊天。Withmyenergy_________________,Ihavenotimetochatwithmyfriendsonline.【答案】devotedtorevision⑤我叔叔決定把余生獻(xiàn)給科學(xué)研究。Myuncledecidedto______________________scientificstudy.【答案】devotetherestofhislifeto核心詞匯-2.appeal【教材原句】Letalittlesongappealtotheear,oragreatbooktotheheart,andwediscoveranewworld,aworldofdreamsandmagic.(P44)【考點(diǎn)歸納】①詞性/形變化appealvi.有吸引力；申訴；呼吁n.吸引力；申訴；呼吁→appealingadj.有吸引力的，有感染力的，令人感興趣的②相關(guān)短語appealagainst上訴 appealto上訴到，訴諸appealtosb.對(duì)某人有/產(chǎn)生吸引力，受到某人的喜歡appealtosb.forsth.=makeone/anappealtosb.forsth呼吁/懇求某人某事 appealtosb.todosth.=makeone/anappealtosb.havegreatappealfor對(duì)……非常有吸引力【語境運(yùn)用】用該詞條恰當(dāng)?shù)男问教羁闸貸ianbing,oneofthemost_________

snacksinChina,________to

almosteveryoneinAmerica.【答案】appealing,appealsto【解析】第一空themost修飾形容詞；第二空為謂語，且用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。句意：煎餅是中國(guó)最最吸引人的小吃之一，幾乎吸引了每一個(gè)美國(guó)人。②The_________oftheamusementparkforchildrenismorethansomeadultscanunderstand.【答案】appeal【解析】the后面用名詞。句意：游樂園對(duì)兒童的吸引力是一些成年人無法理解的。完成句子③我們學(xué)校呼吁學(xué)生們每天留出一個(gè)小時(shí)來鍛煉。Ourschoolappeals______________________anhoureverydaytotakeexercise.【答案】appealstothestudentstosetaside④這部電影對(duì)年輕觀眾非常有吸引力。Thefilm__________________youngaudiences.【答案】hasgreatappealfor⑤我們主張通過談判解決國(guó)際爭(zhēng)端，而不是訴諸武力。Weadvocatesolvinginternationaldisputebynegotiation,___________________arms.【答案】insteadofappealingto⑥他決不會(huì)向他們乞求憐憫。Hewillnever_______________.【答案】appealtothemformercy/makeone/anappealtothemformercy.⑦這個(gè)群山環(huán)繞的美麗的小山村非常吸引人，結(jié)果吸引了來自全國(guó)各地的游客。Thebeautifulvillagesurroundedbymanymountains_____________________fromalloverthecountry.【答案】issoappealingthatitappealstotourists⑧越來越多的人喜歡住在農(nóng)村，農(nóng)村對(duì)人們的吸引力在于安靜和慢節(jié)奏的生活。Moreandmorepeopleprefertoliveinthecountryside,__________________liesinthequietandslow-pacedlife.【答案】whoseappealforthem核心詞匯-3.determine【教材原句】Thefirststepistodeterminesomeofitssignificantqualities.(P44)【考點(diǎn)歸納】①詞性/形變化determinevt.確定；決定，支配vi.決心→determinedadj.意志堅(jiān)定的，下定決心的→determinationn.決心；決定②相關(guān)短語determinesb.againststh.使某人決定不做某事determinesb.bedeterminedtodosth.下定決心做某事(表示狀態(tài))【語境運(yùn)用】用該詞條恰當(dāng)?shù)男问教羁闸賂heinsightgrewfromthe________attitudeofa6-year-oldboywhohadthecourageandperseverancetomakehisdreamareality【答案】determined【解析】determined有決心的，堅(jiān)決/定的。句意：這種洞察力源于一個(gè)6歲男孩的堅(jiān)定態(tài)度，他有勇氣和轂力讓他的夢(mèng)想成為了現(xiàn)實(shí)。②Income,education,andoccupationallplayapartin________aperson’ssmokinghabit.【答案】determining【解析】動(dòng)名詞作介詞的賓語。句意：收入、教育和職業(yè)都在決定一個(gè)人的吸煙習(xí)慣方面起作用。③Itwastheir________thatcarriedthemthroughthislastordeal.【答案】determination【解析】their修飾名詞。句意：正是他們的決心幫助他們渡過了最后的嚴(yán)酷考驗(yàn).完成句子④他的偉大發(fā)現(xiàn)有賴于他對(duì)科學(xué)的決心和獻(xiàn)身精神。Hisgreatdiscovery____________________________science.【答案】layin/resultedfromhisdeterminationanddevotionto⑤他的勸告使我決定不再抽煙喝酒了。Hisadvice_________________________again.Hisadvice_________________________nomore.【答案】determinedmeagainstdrinkingandsmoking,determinedmenottodrinkandsmoke⑥他們已經(jīng)決定早點(diǎn)出發(fā)。Theyhave_______________________early.【答案】determinedon/uponstarting/decidedtostart⑦簡(jiǎn)決心過一種充實(shí)的生活，不管未來如何。Jane___________________afulfillingliferegardlessofwhatthefutureholds.【答案】has(been)determinedtolive⑧我決心在英語上取得進(jìn)步，比以往任何時(shí)候都更加努力。__________________________,Iworkharderthanever.I_________________________,soIworkharderthanever.【答案】DeterminedtomakeprogressinEnglish,havebeendeterminedtomakeprogressinEnglish核心詞匯-4.significant【教材原句】Thefirststepistodeterminesomeofitssignificantqualities.(P44)【考點(diǎn)歸納】①詞性/形變化significantadj.有重要意義的；顯著的(adv.significantly)→significancen.意義；重要性②相關(guān)短語beofgreatsignificance=beverysignificant非常重要；有重大意義的【語境運(yùn)用】用該詞條恰當(dāng)?shù)男问教羁闸貾articipatinginthispickingactivitymakesmeawareofthe_________ofwork.【答案】significance【解析】定冠詞the后面跟名詞，故填significance。句意：這次的采摘活動(dòng)讓我意識(shí)到了工作的重大意義。②Customsplayasignificantroleinfestivals,butsometimestheycanchangeovertime.【答案】significant【解析】形容詞significant修飾名詞differences。句意：風(fēng)俗在節(jié)日中扮演重要角色，但有時(shí)也隨時(shí)間而變化。③The

two

sets

of

figures

are

not_________

different.

【答案】significantly【解析】副詞significantly修飾形容詞

different。句意：這兩組數(shù)字沒有明顯的差別。完成句子⑤我們應(yīng)該牢記合作對(duì)社會(huì)和我們自己都非常重要。Weshouldbearinmindthatteamwork____________________tobothoursocietyandourselves.【答案】isofgreatsignificance/isverysignificant⑥對(duì)于畢業(yè)生來說，找到一份合適的工作是非常重要的。________________________________tofindaproperjob.【答案】It’sverysignificantforagraduate/Itisofgreatsignificanceforagraduate核心詞匯-5.sensitive【教材原句】Sometruthandbeautyremainunnoticeduntilasensitivehumansoul...(P45)【考點(diǎn)歸納】①詞性/形變化sensitiveadj.感覺敏銳的；體貼的；敏感的；靈敏的→sensen.感覺，意識(shí)；v.感覺到，覺察到，意識(shí)到→sensibleadj.有感覺的，明智的→senselessadj.無意義的，無目的的，失去知覺，不明智的，愚蠢的→sensitivityn.敏感②相關(guān)短語和句型besensitiveabout介/在意，在乎 besensitiveto對(duì)……敏感makesense有意義，有道理，講得通(否定式：notmakeanysense=makenosense)makesenseof理解，弄懂，弄清……的意思sensethat從句...意識(shí)到……ina/somesense從某種意義上說【語境運(yùn)用】用該詞條恰當(dāng)?shù)男问教羁闸貸ackisa_________boy,buthetendstopretendthathedoesn’tcarewhatotherpeoplesayabouthim.【答案】sensitive【解析】修飾名詞boy用形容詞sensitive。句意：杰克是個(gè)敏感的男孩，但他總是裝出一副不在乎別人怎么說他的樣子。②—Whatdoyouthinkofhersuggestion?—Actuallyitwouldbemuchmore________totalkaboutitlater.【答案】sensible【解析】more+形容詞構(gòu)成比較級(jí)，故填sensible。句意：“你覺得她的建議怎么樣？”“事實(shí)上，以后再討論這個(gè)問題要明智得多?！雹踄oumightgetbehindifyouspendtoomuchtimedebating________issues.【答案】senseless【解析】。句意：如果花太多時(shí)間爭(zhēng)論沒意義的事情，你就會(huì)落后于人。④Such

is

the________

of

the

information

that

only

two

people

are

allowed

to

know

it.

【答案】sensitivity【解析】sensitivity敏感。句意：這信息極為敏感，只允許兩個(gè)人知道。⑤Heisequippedwithadeep________ofjusticeandresponsibility.

【答案】sense【解析】形容詞deep修飾名詞sense。句意：他具有強(qiáng)烈的正義感和責(zé)任感。完成句子⑥在我養(yǎng)過的所有動(dòng)物中，這兩只狗對(duì)口頭語最為敏感。OfalltheanimalsI’veeverhad,thesetwodogs_________________thespokenwords.【答案】arethemostsensitiveto⑦“Cathy，你真的能理解我的意思嗎？”“我很抱歉。我真沒理解你的意思?！薄狢anyoureally_________________,Cathy?—I’msorry.Yourmeaningdidn’treallygetacross.【答案】makesenseofwhatImean⑧就為了省幾美元而購買最便宜的電腦，簡(jiǎn)直沒有意義。_________________________tobuythecheapestcomputerjusttosaveafewdollars.【答案】Itdoesn’tmakeanysense/Itmakesnosense⑨年輕人對(duì)外表很在意。Youngpeoplearevery________________________.【答案】areverysensitiveabouttheirappearance⑩從某種意義上說，多年的經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退仍然是影響整個(gè)國(guó)家經(jīng)濟(jì)的禍根。______________________,yearsofeconomicrecessionremainedanevilthattouchedthewholenationaleconomy．【答案】Insomesense?她可能意識(shí)到了我并沒有對(duì)她全盤托出。______________________Iwasn’ttellingherthewholestory.【答案】Sheprobablysensedthat核心詞匯-6.reflect【教材原句】Sometruthandbeautyremainunnoticeduntilasensitivehumansoulbringsthemtoourattention,justastheshellreflectstheunnoticedsounds.(P45)【考點(diǎn)歸納】①reflectvt.&vi.反映，顯示；映出(影像)；反射(聲、光、熱等)；沉思→reflectionn.反映；思考；(聲、光、熱等的)反射；映像→reflectiveadj.反映的，反射的，沉思的②相關(guān)短語reflecton/upon回憶，考慮，反思，反省，思考，仔細(xì)考慮reflectwell/badlyon對(duì)……有好的/壞的看法belostinreflection 陷入沉思bereflectedin映出，倒映在upon/onreflection經(jīng)再三考慮，經(jīng)深思熟慮【語境運(yùn)用】用該詞條恰當(dāng)?shù)男问教羁闸賂akeaboattripandyouwillbeattractedbytheoddpeaksalongtheriverandtheir________intheclearwater.【答案】reflections【解析】形容詞性物主代詞their修飾名詞，且名詞為復(fù)數(shù)。句意：乘船旅行，你會(huì)被沿河的奇峰以及他們?cè)谇宄旱乃械牡褂八?。②Theyareconstantlyrevisingthedictionaryto________changesinlanguage.【答案】reflect【解析】to為動(dòng)詞不定式符號(hào)，后面用動(dòng)詞原形。句意：他們不斷修訂字典以反映語言的變化。③Isthereanyscientificevidencethataperson’scharacter________intheirhandwriting?【答案】isreflected【解析】從句中的主語為character與所要填的動(dòng)詞reflect之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，且為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。句意：一個(gè)人的筆跡反映其性格的說法有甚么科學(xué)憑據(jù)呢?④Wear

clothes

with_________material

so

you

are

visible

to

drivers.

【答案】reflective【解析】reflective可反光的。句意：穿上用反光材料制成的衣服，這樣司機(jī)比較容易看到你。⑤Sitting

in

his

wicker

chair,

he

gazed_________at

the

fire

【答案】reflectively【解析】修飾動(dòng)詞gazed用副詞reflectively。句意：他坐在藤椅上，若有所思地凝視著爐火。⑥Whenheisalone,heisoften___________________________.

【答案】lostinreflection【解析】belostinreflection陷入沉思。句意：當(dāng)他獨(dú)處時(shí)，他常常陷入沉思。完成句子⑦他沉迷于反思的原因是他在思考這個(gè)問題，這個(gè)問題反映在清單上。Thereasonwhyheislostin________isthathe____________,which___________inthelist.【答案】reflection,isreflectingon/considering/thinkingoftheproblem,isreflected⑧重要的不是故事本身，而是故事中所反映的東西。Itisnotthestoryitselfbut___________________inthestorythatcounts.【答案】whatisreflected⑨面對(duì)失敗，我們需要做的是冷靜下來，反思我們的學(xué)習(xí)方法或向老師請(qǐng)教。Inthefaceoffailure,whatweneedtodoiscalmdownand___________________orasktheteachersforadvice.【答案】reflecton/uponourlearningmethods⑩湖面平靜清澈，一座古塔倒映在水面上。Thelakeiscalmandclear,and__________________thewater.

【答案】anoldtowerisreflectedin?經(jīng)過深思熟慮，他決定轉(zhuǎn)到另一個(gè)話題。_______________,hedecidedtoswitchovertoanothertopic.【答案】Onreflection?回想起她的志愿者經(jīng)歷，蒂娜為自己和當(dāng)?shù)赝乱黄鹑〉玫某删透械阶院馈_______________________,Tinafeltproudofwhatshemanagedtoachievetogetherwithherlocalcolleague.【答案】Reflectingonhervolunteerexperience核心詞匯-7.capable【教材原句】Onewhoreadsitiscapableofseeingthebeautythatwashiddenfromhiseyesbefore.(P45)【考點(diǎn)歸納】①capableadj.有能力，有才能；能力強(qiáng)的→capabilityn.能力，才能，性能，容量→incapableadj.無能力的參看必修二Unit1中的enable詞條的詞形變化②相關(guān)短語(be)【語境運(yùn)用】用該詞條恰當(dāng)?shù)男问教羁闸資oudonothavetodoubthis________.Heismoreefficientthanyoumightthink.【答案】capability【解析】形容詞性物主代詞his修飾名詞。句意：你不必懷疑他的能力。他比你想象的更有效率。②Feelingtheneedtochange,Leahstartedplayingwithfuturepossibilitiesbyexploringherinterestsanddevelopingnew________.【答案】capabilities【解析】形容詞new修飾名詞，capability為可數(shù)名詞，填其復(fù)數(shù)形式，與interests對(duì)等。句意：莉婭感到需要改變，于是她開始扮演泰德的角色，通過探索自己的興趣和發(fā)展新的能力來探索未來的可能性。③If

people

keep

telling

you

you’re_________,

you

begin

to

lose

confidence

in

yourself.

【答案】incapable【解析】incapable無能力的。句意：如果人們不斷地對(duì)你說你無能，你就開始失去自信了。完成句子他是一個(gè)有能力解決數(shù)學(xué)難題的學(xué)生。④Heis_________________difficultmathproblems.

【答案】astudent(whois)capableofsolving/astudentwhoisable/enablestosolve⑤他們有能力在一周內(nèi)完成這項(xiàng)任務(wù)。They_________________________thetaskinaweek.

【答案】havethecapabilitytocomplete核心詞匯-8.particular【教材原句】Teachersinparticularcanprovidesuggestionsforinterestingreadingmaterials...(P48)【考點(diǎn)歸納】①particularadj.特別的，格外的；特指的；挑剔的→particularlyadv.尤其，特別②相關(guān)短語beparticularabout/over對(duì)……挑剔/講究inparticular特別，尤其【語境運(yùn)用】用該詞條恰當(dāng)?shù)男问教羁闸賂herestaurantis________popularwithyoungpeople.【答案】particularly【解析】分析句子可知，設(shè)空處缺少一個(gè)副詞來修飾，所以particular應(yīng)該轉(zhuǎn)化為副詞形式，故填particularly。句意：這家餐館特別受年輕人歡迎。②Duringhisspeech,helaid________stressonthefreedomofthepress.【答案】particular【解析】修飾名詞stress要用形容詞particular。句意：他在演講中特別強(qiáng)調(diào)新聞自由。完成句子③這個(gè)女孩對(duì)衣服很挑剔。Thegirl________________________.【答案】isveryparticularabout/overherclothes④有什么特別的事情是你想要告訴我們的嗎?(therebe結(jié)構(gòu);inparticular)_______________________thatyouwanttotellus?【答案】Isthereanythinginparticular核心詞匯-9.destroy【教材原句】Heisextremelygoodatdescribingtheadventuresoftoughmenwhohebelieves“canbedestroyedbutnotdefeated”.(P53)【考點(diǎn)歸納】①destroyvt.摧毀，毀滅，破壞→destructionn.毀滅，破壞→destructiveadj.毀滅性的，破壞性的→destructiveness.n.毀滅性，破壞性→destroyern.破壞者，毀滅者；驅(qū)逐艦②相關(guān)短語becompletely/totallydestroyed被徹底摧毀destroyone’slife/faith/hope/confidence毀掉(摧毀)某人的生活/信仰/希望/信心【語境運(yùn)用】用該詞條恰當(dāng)?shù)男问教羁闸賁uchistheseverityofthe________oftheoldtemplethatwehavetotakemeasurestodealwithit.【答案】destruction【解析】定冠詞the后面跟名詞。句意：這座古廟的破壞如此嚴(yán)重，我們不得不采取措施應(yīng)對(duì)。②Thiskindofweaponhasgreat________.【答案】destructiveness【解析】形容詞great修飾名詞。句意：這種武器有極大的破壞性。③Withtheirhabitats________,manyanimalshavegoneextinct.【答案】destroyed【解析】“habitats”與“destroy”之間為邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，且表示動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成，故應(yīng)用過去分詞destroyed。故填destroyed。句意：由于棲息地遭到破壞，許多動(dòng)物已經(jīng)滅絕。④Withmoreforests________,largequantitiesofgoodeartharebeingwashedawayeachyear.【答案】beingdestroyed【解析】第一空考查with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，with后賓語moreforests與destroy之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，且表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行，所以用現(xiàn)在分詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)作賓語補(bǔ)足語。句意：隨著越來越多的森林被破壞，每年都有大量的肥沃土壤被沖走。⑥The_________earthquakeruinedthecity,makinghundredsofthousandsofpeoplehomeless.【答案】destructive【解析】分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，設(shè)空處應(yīng)填形容詞作定語，修飾后面的名詞earthquake。故填destructive。句意：毀滅性的地震摧毀了這座城市，使數(shù)十萬人無家可歸。⑦Sugar

is

the_________of

healthy

teeth.

【答案】destroyer【解析】the后面跟名詞，故填

destroyer破壞者。句意：糖可以危害健全的牙齒。完成句子⑧大樓被大火完全摧毀了。Thebuilding________________byfire.【答案】wascompletely/totallydestroyed⑨我要告訴你，懷疑會(huì)摧毀你的信心，使你一事無成。I’mtellingyouthatdoubtwill________________andmakeyouaccomplishnothing.【答案】destroyyourconfidence核心詞匯-10.attempt【教材原句】Aftercominginempty-handedforeighty-fourdays,Santiagoattemptstocatchahugefish.(P53)【考點(diǎn)歸納】①attemptvt.&n.努力，嘗試，試圖→attemptedadj.企圖的，未遂的②相關(guān)短語makeattempts/anattempttodosth.=makeattempts/anattemptatdoingsth.試圖/設(shè)法做某事atthefirstattempt首次嘗試inanattempttodosth.為了做某事【語境運(yùn)用】用該詞條恰當(dāng)?shù)男问教羁闸賂hemanisbeingquestionedinrelationtothe________murderlastnight.【答案】attempted【解析】設(shè)空前有定冠詞the，設(shè)空后有名詞murder，所以設(shè)空處要用形容詞attempted(未遂的)作定語，用于修飾其后的名詞murder。句意：該男子正在就昨晚發(fā)生的未遂謀殺接受詢問。完成句子②為了通過考試，她整晚都在背單詞。______________________,shehasbeenrecitingthewordsallthenight.【答案】Inanattempt/Inordertopasstheexam③由于俄羅斯天然氣對(duì)歐洲的限制，人們正在嘗試使用植物燃料作為能源。BecauseoftheRussiangaslimittoEurope,_________________botanicalfuelasasourceofpower.【答案】attemptsarebeingmadetouse④他們?cè)噲D攀登那座小山。They____________________thathill.【答案】attemptedtoclimb/madeanattempttoclimb/madeattemptsatclimbing⑤我考駕駛執(zhí)照時(shí)一次就通過了。Ipassedmydrivingtest______________.【答案】atthefirstattempt核心詞匯-11.confused【教材原句】Nowyouaregettingconfusedinthehead,hethought.(P54)【考點(diǎn)歸納】①confusedadj.糊涂的，迷惑的；不清楚的，混亂的→confusevt.使困惑(迷惑不解)→confusionn.困惑，混淆②相關(guān)短語confusesb.withsth.某物/某事使某人困惑，某物/某事把某人弄糊涂confuse...with/and...把……和……混淆/混為一談be/getconfusedwith/about對(duì)……感到困惑【語境運(yùn)用】用該詞條恰當(dāng)?shù)男问教羁闸賂heEnglishlanguagemixesthevocabularyfrommanyotherlanguages;thisiswhyit’sso_______.【答案】confusing【解析】confusing令人困惑的。句意：英語融合了許多其他語言的詞匯，這就是它那么讓人困惑的原因。②Onthewaytothehospital,Johnburstintolaughtersuddenly,whichmadetheteacher________.【答案】confused【解析】confused.糊涂的。句意：在去醫(yī)院的路上，約翰突然大笑了起來，這把老師弄糊涂了。③Thesnowlastedaweek,resultinginatraffic________inthewholearea.【答案】confusion【解析】名詞修飾名詞。句意：大雪持續(xù)了一個(gè)星期，導(dǎo)致整個(gè)地區(qū)交通混亂。完成句子④從他困惑的表情來看，我知道他對(duì)這個(gè)令人困惑的問題迷惑不解。Fromhis________look,Iknowhe________the________question.【答案】confused,is/getsconfusedwith/about,confusing③你的問題把我弄糊涂了。You________________yourquestions.

【答案】confusedmewith④注意不要把數(shù)量與質(zhì)量混淆了/混為一談。Be

careful

not

to

________________.

【答案】confusequantitywith/and

quality經(jīng)典句型研一研1.not...but...結(jié)構(gòu)【原句呈現(xiàn)】Whatamazedthechildwasnotanewworld,buttheunnoticedmusicoftheold.(P44Lines5-6)讓孩子為之驚奇的其實(shí)不是一個(gè)新世界，而是舊世界那被人忽視的樂音。【考點(diǎn)歸納】not...but...“不是……而是……”，用來連接兩個(gè)并列成分。該結(jié)構(gòu)連接的并列成分作主語時(shí)，謂語應(yīng)與but后的成分在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致。【完成句子】①真正的強(qiáng)者，不是沒有眼淚的人，而是含著眼淚奔跑的人。Realstrongmenare______________,________________.【答案】notthosewithouttears,butthoserunningintears②不是約翰和湯姆而是他們的妹妹瑪麗對(duì)鋼琴課很感興趣。____________________________greatinterestinthepianolessons.【答案】NotJohnandTombuttheiryoungersister,Mary,takes③對(duì)你要緊的是實(shí)踐經(jīng)驗(yàn)而不是書本知識(shí)。Whatreallymatterstoyouis__________________________.【答案】notbookknowledgebutpractice2.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+havedone結(jié)構(gòu)【原句呈現(xiàn)】“WhatshallIread?”Youmighthaveaskedyourselfthisquestionmorethanonce.(P48)“我該讀什么？”你也許不止一次地問自己這個(gè)問題?！究键c(diǎn)歸納】①could+havedone：本可以做而實(shí)際上未能做或者可能已經(jīng)做過某事；其否定式表示對(duì)過去事情有把握的否定推測(cè)，“不可能已經(jīng)做了某事”；②cannot+havedone：對(duì)現(xiàn)在或過去發(fā)生過的事情的否定推測(cè)；③might(may)+havedone：對(duì)過去發(fā)生的行為不太肯定的推測(cè)；④must+havedone：對(duì)過去發(fā)生的行為肯定的推測(cè)。其否定式為：cannothavedone；⑤needn’t+havedone：本來不必要做的而實(shí)際上又做了；⑥should(oughtto)+havedone：本來應(yīng)該做而實(shí)際上又沒有做。其否定式：某種不該發(fā)生的事情或行為卻發(fā)生了?！就瓿删渥印竣傥覀儽究梢砸黄鹈鎸?duì)這個(gè)困難的，但是你為什么沒有告訴我呢？We_______________________together,butwhydidn’tyoutellme?【答案】couldhavefacedthedifficulty②我的雨傘不見了。誰會(huì)錯(cuò)拿了呢？Myumbrellaisgone.Who____________________________?【答案】could/might/mayhavetakenitbymistake③瑪麗不可能收到了我的信，否則她會(huì)去參加音樂會(huì)的。Mary_____________________________,otherwiseshewouldhavegonetotheconcert.【答案】couldn’thavereceivedmyletter④你的眼睛怎么這么紅的？你昨天晚上一定沒有睡好吧。Whyareyoureyessored?You__________________________________.【答案】can’thavesleptwelllastnight⑤在全國(guó)學(xué)生的目光注視下，她可能已經(jīng)激勵(lì)了整個(gè)新一代宇航員和太空科學(xué)家。Withtheeyesofstudentsacrossthenationuponher,she_________________