02故事高潮的設(shè)計(jì)與表達(dá)故事高潮的作用及宏觀設(shè)計(jì)策略1.故事的高潮是什么在故事創(chuàng)作中，高潮一詞具有雙重內(nèi)涵：第一，它是作品結(jié)構(gòu)的重要組成部分。只要是完整的作品，都可分為序幕、開端、發(fā)展、高潮、結(jié)局、尾聲六個(gè)分部。第二，高潮也是一種藝術(shù)效果，會(huì)給予接受者一種強(qiáng)烈的心理感受。能否達(dá)到后者，需要依靠前者整體(尤其是高潮群體)的完善與豐富。在一篇故事中，開端指矛盾沖突正式展開的第一個(gè)事件；發(fā)展指矛盾沖突從展開到激化的演變過程；高潮指矛盾沖突充分激化，對(duì)立雙方的斗爭發(fā)展到最緊張、最尖銳的階段；結(jié)局指矛盾沖突發(fā)展的最后階段；序幕指作品基本沖突展開前對(duì)故事發(fā)生的社會(huì)條件、歷史背景、主要人物及其他人物相互關(guān)系等所作的提示、說明或交代；尾聲指作者對(duì)基本情節(jié)所作的補(bǔ)充性交代。故事中的高潮(climax)是故事達(dá)到最緊張或扣人心弦的那一部分。高潮有時(shí)候是劇情中的“危機(jī)”點(diǎn)。有時(shí)候，它只是達(dá)到了關(guān)鍵時(shí)刻或者轉(zhuǎn)折點(diǎn)，發(fā)生了一些事情，或者主角必須做出決定，從而導(dǎo)致一個(gè)結(jié)果或其他。我們?cè)诜治鰯⑹骂惞适禄蛘咝≌f故事的時(shí)候常常用下面的圖表來表示故事情節(jié)：2.故事高潮有哪些特征動(dòng)態(tài)性、生動(dòng)性、緊張性是敘事語篇高潮一般具有的語言特點(diǎn)。由語言經(jīng)驗(yàn)和相關(guān)研究可知，敘事語篇高潮還可能具有其他語言特點(diǎn)，如敘事語篇各部分在心理描寫、直接引語與間接引語、句類等的使用。心理描寫也是高潮的語言特征之一。高潮是決定作品主要人物命運(yùn)的關(guān)鍵時(shí)刻，主要人物的思想性格和作品主題在此得以充分展現(xiàn)。高潮中出現(xiàn)相對(duì)較多的心理描寫，符合高潮的語篇功能，有助于刻畫人物和表現(xiàn)主題。敘事語篇通常離不開對(duì)話語境。直接引語相對(duì)較多是高潮的語言特點(diǎn)。高潮是人物矛盾沖突最集中的部分，而言語活動(dòng)是表現(xiàn)矛盾沖突的一種重要形式。發(fā)展是矛盾沖突的醞釀階段，人物活動(dòng)已相對(duì)活躍，直接引語的數(shù)量也不會(huì)少。開端與結(jié)局，是故事情節(jié)的始發(fā)點(diǎn)和終止點(diǎn)，人物活動(dòng)不夠活躍，直接引語的數(shù)量不會(huì)太多。敘事語篇各部分，陳述句均占絕對(duì)優(yōu)勢，疑問句、感嘆句、祈使句的數(shù)量均很少。3.故事高潮有哪些作用高潮不一定是故事中最熱鬧的場面，但一定是性格沖突最激烈、思想感情交鋒最深沉的地方。在高潮中，主要人物的性格和故事的思想內(nèi)涵都獲得了最集中、最充分的體現(xiàn)。一般來說，高潮出現(xiàn)在故事的后半部，高潮之后，矛盾沖突得到解決，情節(jié)即進(jìn)入結(jié)局階段?？梢姡叱秉c(diǎn)就是指主要矛盾沖突激化后，其內(nèi)容所達(dá)到的最激烈、最緊張的頂峰，是故事中戲劇性最強(qiáng)的部分。高潮點(diǎn)可以是詼諧、刺激、懸念的，也可以是深刻、具有啟示的，故事和戲劇化沖突是靠高潮點(diǎn)來支撐的，高潮點(diǎn)需要?jiǎng)?chuàng)作者嚴(yán)格控制其出現(xiàn)的時(shí)間及數(shù)量，在最合適的地方去設(shè)置，化理論為技巧，將其實(shí)實(shí)在在地運(yùn)用到故事創(chuàng)作中去。因此，高潮點(diǎn)的設(shè)置技巧訓(xùn)練，對(duì)于提高敘事的美學(xué)價(jià)值、增強(qiáng)故事的可讀性、擴(kuò)大讀者的心理接納性，具有極高的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。4.讀后續(xù)寫的故事高潮的構(gòu)建的宏觀策略有哪些故事缺乏必要的高潮，激不起的讀者的情感反應(yīng)。高潮既是針對(duì)主人公的情緒經(jīng)驗(yàn)，也是針對(duì)讀者的閱讀情緒而言的。故事創(chuàng)作的步驟和過程可能因人而異，創(chuàng)作者對(duì)待同一主題的表現(xiàn)形式也各不相同，但是，把高潮作為創(chuàng)作的起點(diǎn)已成為一種行之有效的具體途徑和創(chuàng)作規(guī)律：由于高潮是事件體系的關(guān)鍵，我們可以從高潮著手、開始設(shè)計(jì)寫作。高潮作為創(chuàng)作的起點(diǎn)，容易使作品具有情感的動(dòng)人力量。因?yàn)楣适碌暮诵氖莿?chuàng)作者的情感，沒有真情實(shí)感的創(chuàng)作，就是無病呻吟，也打動(dòng)不了別人。而高潮之處所表現(xiàn)的情感，通常是創(chuàng)作者感受最深之處，是把自己最強(qiáng)烈的生活情感加以提煉，升華而成的審美情感的文字化的表現(xiàn)。在故事的高潮之前，各種人物關(guān)系、事態(tài)發(fā)展鋪墊，使得讀者融入其中，心系情節(jié)，代入感極強(qiáng)，讀者的心理歷程也隨著故事的波動(dòng)而波動(dòng)。在故事的高潮處，即黃金時(shí)間段，是展示故事質(zhì)量、帶動(dòng)讀者情緒的最佳時(shí)機(jī)，也是使讀者對(duì)故事心理定性的重要時(shí)段。在這一重要時(shí)段要設(shè)置較多的高潮點(diǎn)，比如，對(duì)人物命運(yùn)的悲慘性揭示、對(duì)事實(shí)真相的揭露、情感世界的崩塌等。其中，一句話、一個(gè)動(dòng)作、一個(gè)表情都可能引起一個(gè)高潮點(diǎn)，高潮點(diǎn)存在于故事的高潮，故事的高潮通過高潮點(diǎn)表現(xiàn)出來。高潮點(diǎn)的高頻率設(shè)置并不代表步步為營，而是要依據(jù)劇情的轉(zhuǎn)折點(diǎn)，在故事高潮的節(jié)奏范圍內(nèi)進(jìn)行設(shè)置，超過了這個(gè)節(jié)奏規(guī)范，會(huì)顯得做作，不及這個(gè)節(jié)奏規(guī)范，則達(dá)不到表達(dá)程度。每一個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)折或沖突都能直觀地給讀者心理刺激才是目的。這一時(shí)段的高潮點(diǎn)設(shè)置，可以有效地激起讀者情緒，讓讀者的心理隨著高潮點(diǎn)的頻繁出現(xiàn)而逐漸破碎，最終導(dǎo)致讀者心理的決堤！所以，在故事高潮這個(gè)黃金時(shí)間段，應(yīng)在故事高潮的發(fā)生節(jié)奏范圍內(nèi)進(jìn)行適當(dāng)?shù)母呙芏雀叱秉c(diǎn)設(shè)置。高潮的意義并非只是表現(xiàn)情感這樣簡單，尤其是結(jié)構(gòu)的高潮部分。高潮應(yīng)是情感的高潮(感情最強(qiáng)烈的時(shí)刻、最緊張的時(shí)刻)、命運(yùn)的高潮(主要人物命運(yùn)的關(guān)鍵)、主題的高潮(點(diǎn)題和完成主題的地方)、性格的高潮(性格集中體現(xiàn)和最后完成的地方)、動(dòng)作的高潮(動(dòng)作的頂點(diǎn)，過了這一點(diǎn)，緊張就松弛和消失)、視覺與想象的高潮(配合高潮的圖景等的沖擊力)。作為一個(gè)多種高潮的復(fù)合體，高潮部往往會(huì)由若干高潮點(diǎn)組成，因?yàn)閯?dòng)作的頂點(diǎn)往往不能一次性表達(dá)情感和主題思想的全部內(nèi)容，經(jīng)常需要分開來敘述。當(dāng)全部沖突尚未完全爆發(fā)，這時(shí)往往采取多次進(jìn)入高潮的敘述方式，可以分成主高潮、次高潮、并列高潮。據(jù)此，對(duì)這高潮創(chuàng)作步驟可簡單歸納如下：對(duì)高潮部分情感的確定---對(duì)主題的確定---對(duì)動(dòng)作線的設(shè)置---對(duì)結(jié)構(gòu)分部的設(shè)置---回到高潮部的創(chuàng)作---結(jié)尾處深化和強(qiáng)調(diào)主題并完成寫作。故事高潮的設(shè)計(jì)與表達(dá)微觀技巧1．增加外部沖突增加外部沖突是一種明顯有效的可以達(dá)到故事高潮的方式。(1)角色之間的沖突【例如】Onthefourthorfifthnight，wehadtroublefindingahotelwithavacancy.Afterdrivinginvainforsometime，Momsuddenlygotagreatidea：Whydidn’twefindahousewithalikely-lookingbackyardandaskifwecouldsetupatentthere?DavidandIbecamenervous.【分析】開車找旅館——徒勞無功——母親建議在他人后院搭帳篷——David和“我”倍感緊張，心有不悅(母子的觀點(diǎn)不一)(2)角色與環(huán)境之間的沖突【例如】ThenMacheardquickandloudbreathingbehindhim...hesawinstantlythatitwasn’tadogatall，butawolf，quicklycatchingupwithhim.Mac’sheartjumped...hefiredthesprayatthewolf.Abrightredcloudenvelopedtheanimal，andtoMac’srelief，itfellback，shakingitshead.Butaminutelater...Thenit...，tearingopenhistentbag.Hefiredatthewolfasecondtime，andagain，itfellback...【分析】Mac騎車獨(dú)行，路遇惡狼，與之搏斗，險(xiǎn)象環(huán)生。[人(角色)——狼(環(huán)境)大戰(zhàn)](3)角色與時(shí)間的沖突【例如】Thecarabruptlystoppedinfrontofhim.“Getintothecar.”PaulshoutedatMac.MacjumpedoffthebikeandslidintothecarwithoutdelayasthewolfwasjusttwostepsawayandwasabouttotearMacintopieces.Whatanarrowescape!【分析】汽車突停面前——急喊上車——Mac上車避險(xiǎn)——惡狼近在咫尺(此情此景，刻不容緩)2．放大內(nèi)心沖突放大內(nèi)心沖突(文中角色的內(nèi)心斗爭)也有助于建立一個(gè)高度緊張和不確定的時(shí)刻。現(xiàn)在我們?cè)賮砜锤呖甲x后續(xù)寫中的內(nèi)心沖突是如何體現(xiàn)的。【例如】(原文見2016·浙江10月)Butnomorehelicopterscameanditwasgettingdarkagain.Janewassotired，hungry，andextremelyfrightened.Shethoughttoherself，“IfonlyIhadnotquarrelledwithTom.WhereisTom?Hemusthavemadetheemergencycall.WhatIneedisenoughcourage.IfIcontinuemyspiritstomorrow，Iwillbelikelytoguidethehelicopter.”Lyingbesidethestream，shefellasleepverysoon.Suddenly，sheheardtheshoutsoftigers，whichmadeherscaredtodeath.Aftersheheldherbreathforafewminutes，everythingwasquietagain.Intheterribledarkness，shesleptagain.【分析】夫婦爭吵——妻子獨(dú)自行走——荒野走散，夜色漸黑——獨(dú)處森林——陰森恐怖——后悔莫及(內(nèi)心沖突的刻畫)——內(nèi)心獨(dú)白(往昔對(duì)比＋虛擬語氣的使用＋旁白描寫是常見技巧之一)寫作策略實(shí)踐與強(qiáng)化1．閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。Onceamiddleagedmanlosthisjobandwaslookingforajobtosupporthisliving.Oneday,inanewspaperhefoundthatajobof“officeboy”wasavailable.Heneededajobsobadlythatheappliedforthepostof“officeboy”atonce.Itwasatabigfamouscompany.Nextdayhewascalledforaninterview.Themanagerinterviewedhimandgavehimatest.Surprisingly,heclearedthetest,whichmeanthewashiredandhecouldmakemoney.Hewaspleasedbeyonddescription.“Nowgivemeyoure-mailaddresssothatIcansendyoufurtherdetailsandyourjoiningletter,”themanagersaid.Sadly,hereplied,“Sir,Idon’thaveacomputerandneitherdoIhaveanye-mailaddress.”Themanagerreplied,“What?Youdon’thaveane-mailaddress?Inmoderntimes,ifyoudon’thaveit,whichsuggestsyoudon’texistandalsomeansyoucan’tgetthisjob.Iamreallysorrybutyouarenothired.”Heleft,completelyovercomebydisappointment.Hedidn’tknowwhattodoashehadonly$200leftinhispocketandnojob.Hehadnohopeofgettinganyotherjobanytimesoon.Hedidn’tknowwhattodo.Hedidn’twanttogohomewithoutajob.Hethoughtforalongtime.Thenanideaoccurredtohim.Hedecidedtogotothesupermarketandbuy10kgvegetableswiththatmoneyandthenwentdoortodoortosellthosevegetables.Tilleveninghewasabletoselloffallthosevegetablesandevendoubleduphismoney.Thismadehimrealizethathecouldsurvivebythisandstartedtogotosupermarketeverydayearlyinthemorningandboughtfreshvegetablesandthenthewholedayhewouldsellthemgoingdoortodoor.Tohisdelight,byeveninghewouldsellallthevegetablesheboughtinthemorning.Heworkedveryhardeverydayandwithhisdeterminationandpersistence,justin5yearshebecameawell-establishedbusinessman.注意：1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題紙的相應(yīng)位置作答。Oneday,areporterwantedtohaveaninterviewwithhim._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Themanreplied,“Istilldon’thaveane-mailaddressnow.”_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2．閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。WhenIwasyoung,therewasanappleorchard(果園)nearmyhome.Themanowningtheorchardemployedsomemigrantfamiliestogatherapplesandcareforthetrees.Theyworkedhardbutgotpaidandfedlittle.Oncemygrandmotherstruckupaconversationwithoneoftheyoungwomen.HernamewasMaria.Sheandherhusband,Tony,wereexpectingababy.“We’regoingtostaywithmyparents,”Mariasaid.“Weworkheretoearnmoneyforthebusticket.”“They’regoingtoneedalotofthingswhenthebabycomes,”Grandmothertoldmewhenwegothome.“Let’saskGodtosendangelstohelpthatyoungcouple.”“Angels?”Iwassurprised.“Ifwedoourpart,angelswilldotherest.”shesaid.GrandmotherwenttotheclosetandbroughtoutaboxfilledwithS&Htradingstamps,whichcanbeusedtobuythings.Shespilledthepileofstampsontothekitchentable.“YoucanseeI’vebeensavingupthestampsforjusttherightpurchase.”WesatdownatthetableandlookedthroughthebabysectionoftheS&Hcontent.Myeyesfellonabassinet(搖籃)withasilkcanopy(罩篷)overit.“That’swhatayoungmotherwillneed,”Grandmothersaid.“Let’sseeifwesave20booksofstamps,wecangetabassinet.”Inthecomingweeks,wetriedhardtocollectthestamps,butbeforeMariaandTonyleft,wewerethreebooksshort.Andtherewerenoangelshelpinguswiththestampseither.“Openthecontent,”Grandmothersaid.“Let’spickabassinetwecanafford.”Wechoseonewithoutacanopy.ThenextdaywewenttotheGreenStampstoretogetit.“Mariawilllovethisonejustasmuch.”Grandmotherassuredmeasshepushedthedooropen.Icouldn’thelpbutfeeldisappointed.Grandmothergavetheclerktheinformationandhandedoverthe17booksofstampswesaved.Theclerkwalkedtothebackroomandreturnedempty-handed.“I’msorry,”shesaid.“Wedon’thavesuchabassinetforthe17booksofstamps.”注意：1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題紙的相應(yīng)位置作答。Icouldn’tbelieveit.Nobassinetforthe17booksofstamps.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________“That’salovelyreplacementwithacanopy,”Grandmothersaid.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3．閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。The16thofSeptemberwasmycousin’sbirthday,Heis4yearsyoungerthanmeandhisbirthdayisjustsevendaysbeforemine.Thosesevendaysweretheworstdaysofmylife.Ithought“Isn’tsevensupposedtobealuckynumber?”andwonderedwhocameupwiththatidea.Thateveningmymothersenthimandmetogetsomestufffromthestoresoshecouldmakehimacake.OneveryotherSundayatthistimeofthedayI’dbeonthesoccerfieldkickingtheballaroundwithmyolderfriends,butinsteadthisSundayfoundmewalkingtotheshopwithmycousin.Onthewaytothestoremycousinspottedanapricot(杏)attheedgeofabranch,Itwasaslargeasanappleandasyellowasanewcrayonfreshfromthebox.Therulewaswhoeverspotteditfirstownedit.Evenifyouclimbedthetreetogetit,itstilldidnotbelongtoyou.Idecidedtogotogetthebeautiful,delicious-lookingfruitformycousin,seeingthatitwashisbirthday.IstartedtomapoutmycourseofactionastohowIwasgoingtogetthisfruit.Icouldhavehititwithrocksuntilitfell,butno,itwastoobeautifultobebruised(碰傷)bytheforceofastonethrownatit.Icontinuedtoclimbontoafencewhichwasdirectlyparalleltotheapricottree.AtthetopofthefenceIpausedawhiletotakealookaround.“Wow!Coolviewfrom12feetofftheground.”Mycousinlaughedandtoldmetohurryupandgetitsowecouldgohome.Mynextstepwastojumpfromthefence,catchthemainbranch,andthenclimbtovictory.Comeon!I’ddonethistonsoftimes,andIdidn’tevenhesitate.注意：1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。AsIgrabbedthebranch,thatjuicyapricotmetmeeyetoeye._________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Asweenteredthehouse,mymothernoticedIwascoveredindirt.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________參考答案1．Oneday,areporterwantedtohaveaninterviewwithhim.Heaccepteditwithdelight.Duringtheinterview,hetalkedabouthispoorlifewhenhehadnojobandhowhebegantosellvegetables.“Itwasdifficultatfirst,butduetomyhardwork,Isucceededfinally,”hesaid.Ofcourse,hementionedtheawkwardjob-huntingexperiencewiththefamouscompany.Whenhearingtheexperience,thereportersmiledandasked,“Doyouhaveane-mailaddressnow?”Themanreplied,“Istilldon’thaveane-mailaddressnow.”Thereporterwassurprisedandsaid,“Youdon’thaveane-mailaddressandyetyousucceededtobuildanempire.Canyouimaginewhatyoucouldhavedoneandwhatyoucouldbeifyouhadane-mailaddress?”Themanthoughtforamomentandreplied,“Anofficeboy.”Ifweseekforsomethinganddon’tgetit,weshouldnotlosehope.Wedon’tknowwhatdestinyhadinstoreforus.Neverlosehopeandkeeptrying.【寫作指導(dǎo)】本文以人物為線索展開，一位失業(yè)的中年人正在找工作，在報(bào)紙上看到一家有名的公司的辦公室文員的招聘后，他立刻申請(qǐng)了。第二天他去參加面試，并順利通過了考試，但是在經(jīng)理向他詢問電子郵件地址的時(shí)候，他因?yàn)榛卮饹]有電腦和電子郵件地址而被經(jīng)理認(rèn)為不能得到工作。在非常失望和迷茫的時(shí)候，他突然想到一個(gè)主意，決定用僅有的200美元去超市購買十公斤蔬菜，并挨家挨戶推銷，他的主意成功了，蔬菜被全部賣掉，他還賺到了錢。這讓他意識(shí)到他能夠以此為生，于是他每天早上都去超市買菜，然后一整天都挨家挨戶地售賣。憑借努力工作、決心和堅(jiān)持，他在五年后成為有名的商人。【解析】1.段落續(xù)寫：①由第一段首句內(nèi)容“有一天，一個(gè)記者想采訪他。”和第二段首句內(nèi)容“男人回答說：“我現(xiàn)在還沒有電子郵件地址?！薄笨芍谝欢慰擅鑼懰邮芰瞬稍L，和記者講述了自己的故事，提到了之前因?yàn)闆]有電子郵件地址而被拒的經(jīng)歷，記者問他現(xiàn)在有沒有電子郵件地址。②由第二段首句內(nèi)容“男人回答說：“我現(xiàn)在還沒有電子郵件地址?！薄笨芍诙慰擅鑼懹浾哚槍?duì)這一點(diǎn)進(jìn)行提問，他進(jìn)行了回答，然后結(jié)合男人的經(jīng)歷進(jìn)行總結(jié)：需要保持希望，不斷努力。2.續(xù)寫線索：記者想采訪——他接受采訪——記者提問——他仍沒有電子郵件地址——記者再提問——他回答——總結(jié)3.詞匯激活行為類①談?wù)摚簍alkabout/discuss/speakabout②成功：succeed/achievesuccess/besuccessful/triumph③提及：mention/bringup/raise④想象：imagine/visualize/envision/picture⑤思考：think/consider/contemplate⑥追求：seekfor/pursue/goafter情緒類①高興：delight/joy/happiness②驚訝的：surprised/astonished/amazed【典型表達(dá)】[高分句型1]Duringtheinterview,hetalkedabouthispoorlifewhenhehadnojobandhowhebegantosellvegetables.（when引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句修飾先行詞hispoorlife、how引導(dǎo)名詞性從句作talkedabout的賓語）[高分句型2]Canyouimaginewhatyoucouldhavedoneandwhatyoucouldbeifyouhadane-mailaddress?（兩個(gè)what分別引導(dǎo)名詞性從句作imagine的賓語、if引導(dǎo)虛擬條件句）[高分句型3]Ifweseekforsomethinganddon’tgetit,weshouldnotlosehope.（If引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句）2．Onepossibleversion:Icouldn’tbelieveit.Nobassinetforthe17booksofstamps.IeyedthepilesofGreenStampsI’dcountedon.MaybeangelsreallydoexistonlyonChristmascards.Seeingourdisappointment,theclerksaid,“Ifyou’reinterested,wedohaveanotheroption.”Sheopenedthecontent.“Itcosts20books,butsincetheoneyouwantedisn’tavailable,Icangiveyouthebassinetasareplacement.”Ilookedoverthecountertoseethatshewaspointingattheverybassinetwehadoriginallychosen!“That’salovelyreplacementwithacanopy,”Grandmothersaid.Shewasexcitedforthebassinetwehadbeenlongingforandexpressedgratitudefortheclerk’skindofferagainandagain.Igottoknowmygrandmother’swords“Ifwedoourpart,theangelswilldotherest.”Ifweweredeterminedtodosomething,therealangelwouldlendusahand.WearrangedforthebassinettobesentstraighttoMaria’smothersoitwouldbewaitingwhensheandTonyarrived.【寫作指導(dǎo)】本文以事件為線索展開，在作者小時(shí)候，家附近的蘋果園雇傭了一些移民家庭工作，但是他們的報(bào)酬卻很低。在一次談話中，作者的祖母知道其中的Maria懷孕了，她和丈夫在這里工作室為了賺錢回家。祖母請(qǐng)求天使來幫助這對(duì)夫妻，并告訴作者“如果我們做好了自己的部分，天使會(huì)完成剩下的部分?！眱扇讼胪ㄟ^積攢郵票兌換一個(gè)絲綢罩子的搖籃送給夫妻兩人，雖然祖母和作者很努力，但在夫妻兩人快要離開前，還差三本書的郵票。于是兩人決定用現(xiàn)有的郵票挑一個(gè)買得起的搖籃，但是店員卻告訴他們沒有對(duì)應(yīng)的搖籃?！窘馕觥?.段落續(xù)寫：①由第一段首句內(nèi)容“我簡直不敢相信。沒有十七本郵票兌換的搖籃?！焙偷诙问拙渲械摹疤娲贰笨赏浦?，第一段可描寫作者對(duì)此非常失望的心理活動(dòng)，但是店員提出可以用二十本郵票兌換的搖籃來替代十七本郵票兌換的搖籃。②由第二段首句內(nèi)容““這是一個(gè)可愛的搖籃替代品，”祖母說?！笨赏浦?，第二段可描寫祖母感謝店員，作者領(lǐng)悟了祖母所說的話。2.續(xù)寫線索：作者不敢相信——作者失望——店員提出替代品——祖母認(rèn)可——祖母感謝店員——作者的領(lǐng)悟3.詞匯激活行為類①注視：eye/lookat/watch/stareat②選擇：choose/select/pick③渴望：longfor/cravefor/beanxiousfor④表達(dá)：express/convey/articulate/utter⑤懂得：know/understand/perceive/sense⑥幫助：lendsb.ahand/help/assist/aid/dosb.afavor⑦送：send/dispatch/mail情緒類①失望：disappointment/distress/sadness②興奮的：excited/thrilled/exhilarated③感激：gratitude/thanks/gratefulness【典型表達(dá)】[高分句型1]Seeingourdisappointment,theclerksaid,“Ifyou’reinterested,wedohaveanotheroption.”（現(xiàn)在分詞短語Seeing…作狀語、從屬連詞If引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句、助動(dòng)詞do強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語have）[高分句型2]Ilookedoverthecountertoseethatshewaspointingattheverybassinetwehadoriginallychosen!（連接詞that引導(dǎo)名詞性從句作see的賓語、關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句修飾先行詞bassinet并被省略）[高分句型3]WearrangedforthebassinettobesentstraighttoMaria’smothersoitwouldbewaitingwhensheandTonyarrived.（從屬連詞when引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句）3．AsIgrabbedthebranch,thatjuicyapricotmetmeeyetoeye.ButbeforeIcouldgrabit,wewerebot