小升初語法總復習--句法一、句型（一）肯定句（二）否定句be動詞（am、is、are）+not、

情態(tài)動詞can+not、

助動詞（do、does）+not如何將一個肯定的陳述句改為否定句：1.看句中有無be動詞，如有，直接在be動詞后+not。2.看句中有無情態(tài)動詞，如有，直接在情態(tài)動詞后+not。3.如上述二者都沒有，就應用助動詞+not。（三）一般疑問句

肯定陳述句中本來是沒有助動詞的，要加上去，位置在主語（某人或某物）后，動詞前。確定助動詞用do、does，根據(jù)句中動詞，動詞是原形的助動詞就用do，動詞是第三人稱單數(shù)的助動詞就用does，在助動詞后加not。原句中動詞假如發(fā)生變化就要恢復成原形。強調(diào)一點，有some的要考慮是否要用any。常用疑問詞：Whattime什么時間問具體時間，如幾點Who誰問人Whose誰的問主人Where在哪里問地點What什么問東西、事物（四）特殊疑問句

Whatcolour什么顏色（問顏色）Howold多大年紀（問年紀）Howmany多少數(shù)量（可數(shù)名詞）問數(shù)量Howmuch多少錢；多少數(shù)量（不可數(shù)名詞）問多少錢或數(shù)量（不可數(shù)）

二、時態(tài)

（一）一般現(xiàn)在時用法：經(jīng)常性的和習慣性的動作常用時間狀語：usually,sometimes,inspring,everyday,inthemorning動詞構成：動詞原型.work

動詞+S.（主語是第三人稱單數(shù)）works

否定構成：don’t+動原

doesn’t+動原一般疑問構成及簡答：Do+主語+動原+其它？Yes,Ido.

Does+主語+動原+其它？No,hedoesn’t.特殊疑問舉例：1.WhatdoyouoftendoonSundays?

2.

Wheredoeshelive?練習

用所給詞的適當形式填空1.

She______________(go)toschoolateighto’clock.2.

It’ssixo’clock.Theyare_____________supper.(eat)3.

Heusually___________upat17:00.(get)4.

She___________(live)inBeijing.goeseatinggetslives（二）現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在時用法：說話時正在進行的動作或當前一段時間正在進行的動作常用時間狀語：now,thesedays動詞構成：am/is/are+現(xiàn)在分詞(--ing)

am/is/areworking否定構成：am/is/are+not+現(xiàn)在分詞

Tomisplayingfootballontheplayground.用括號內(nèi)所給動詞的適當形式填空。1.Look!Thechildren________(swim)intheriver.2.Nowwe________(want)toplaybasketball.3.-________you________(draw)apicture?

-No,I'mnot.I_____________(write)aletter.4．

Whatareyou_________(do)now?I___________(eat)bread.5.

It’snineo’clock.Myfather_______________(work)intheoffice.areswimmingwantsAredrawingamwritingdoingameatingisworking一般疑問構成及簡答：Am/Is/Are+主語+現(xiàn)在分詞+其它？Yes,Iam(heis.)/No,theyaren’t

特殊疑問舉例：Whatareyoudoingnow?Whoisflyingakitethere?

6.

Look,theboy____________(put)therubbishintothebin.7.

__________he__________(clean)theclassroom?No,heisn’t.He____________(play).8.

WhereisMark?He___________(run)onthegrass.9.

Listen,who____________(sing)inthemusicroom?Oh,10.Look!LiPingandLiYing________(play)basketballnow.isputtingIscleaningisplayingisrunningissingingisplaying用法：過去時間發(fā)生的或過去經(jīng)常性的動作

常用時間狀語：yesterday,lastnight,twodaysago,in2000,atthattime,beforeliberation，when等引導的含過去時的句子

（三）一般過去時時

動詞構成：動詞過去時（-ed）work--worked否定構成：didn’t+動原didn’twork一般疑問構成及簡答舉例：Did+主語+動原+其它？

Yes,主語+did./No,主語+didn’t.

一般疑問構成及簡答舉例：Did+主語+動原+其它？

Wewent

tothecinemayesterday.

Didyougoto

thecinemayesterday

?特殊疑問句舉例：Whatdidhedoyesterday?Whendidhegetupthismorning?備注：Heopenedthedoor.(不能確定門現(xiàn)在是否開著)練習一、用be動詞的適當形式填空

1.I_______atschooljustnow.

2.He________atthecamplastweek.

3.We________studentstwoyearsago.

4.They________onthefarmamomentago.

5.YangLing________elevenyearsoldlastyear.

waswaswerewerewas

6.There________anappleontheplateyesterday.

7.There________somemilkinthefridgeonSunday.

8.Themobilephone_______onthesofa

yesterdayevening.

waswaswas二、句型轉換

1.Itwasexciting.

否定句：_______________________________一般疑問句：___________________________

肯、否定回答：_________________________

2.Allthestudentswereveryexcited.

否定句：______________________________一般疑問句：___________________________

肯、否定回答：_________________________Itwasn’texciting.Wasitexciting?Yes,itwas./No,itwasn’t.Allthestudentsweren’tveryexcited.Wereallthestudentsveryexcited?Yes,theywere./No,theyweren’t.

（三）一般將來時特殊疑問句舉例:Whatwillyoudotomorrow?

Whenarewegoingtohaveaclassmeeting?

備注：在if條件或assoonas等時間狀語從句中用一般現(xiàn)在時代替一般將來時。IwillwritetoyouassoonasIarrivedinBeijing.練習1.

我打算明天和朋友去野炊。

I_________________haveapicnicwithmyfriends.=

I________haveapicnicwithmyfriends.

2.

下個星期一你打算去干嘛?我想去打籃球。

What________________________nextMonday?

I________________________playbasketball.

amgoingtowillareyougoingtodoamgoingto練習

3.你媽媽這個周末去購物嗎？是，她要去買一些水果。

_____yourmot