Unit3SectionB

Grammarandusage&

Integratedskills2021英語內(nèi)容索引課前篇自主預(yù)習(xí)課堂篇互動(dòng)探究課前篇自主預(yù)習(xí)Ⅰ.知識(shí)體系圖解

重點(diǎn)詞匯

1.

n.博客,網(wǎng)志

2.

n.主題;主旋律3.

n.木排,筏4.

n.意見,看法;(群體的)觀點(diǎn),信仰5.

adj.額外的,分外的,附加的adv.額外,另外;特別,格外blog

theme

raft

opinion

extra

6.shallowadj.

7.slaven.

8.qualityn.

adj.

9.basisn.

10.respectvt.

n.

11.measurevt.

n.

膚淺的,淺薄的;淺的奴隸品德,素質(zhì);質(zhì)量;特征優(yōu)質(zhì)的,高質(zhì)量的基礎(chǔ);原因;基準(zhǔn)尊重,尊敬尊敬,敬意;重視估量,判定;測(cè)量措施;衡量重點(diǎn)短語

1.

依賴,依靠,指望

2.

腐蝕,侵蝕,逐漸破壞3.

損害……之間的關(guān)系,離間4.

最有意思(或最令人愉快、最好)的部分5.inperson

6.throughthickandthin

7.bringout

8.inone’sopinion

counton

eatawayat

comebetween...and...

highpoint

親自,親身不顧艱難險(xiǎn)阻,同甘共苦使顯現(xiàn),使表現(xiàn)出在某人看來Ⅱ.用適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系代詞完成句子1.Hegaveusanotherpieceofadvice

Ithinkisofgreathelptotheresearchwork.

2.Thebook

myclassmatelentmeisveryuseful.

3.Thereisalwayssomething

wearenotsatisfiedwithinourlife.

4.Wetalkedaboutthepeopleandthings

werememberedinourprimaryschool.

which/thatwhich/thatthat

that

5.I’dliketomakefriendswiththose

arerichinexperienceandknowledge.

6.Therearestillsomepeople

livingconditionsareterrible.

7.Thisisthebestfilm

Ihaveeverseentheseyears.

8.HaveyouseenthefilmTitanic

leadingactorisworldfamous?

9.Whoisthatman

isgoingtogiveusalecture?

10.Thisistheplace

Ivisitedthedaybeforeyesterday.

whowhose

thatwhose

thatthat/which重點(diǎn)句式

TimissomeonewhomIshouldtrymybesttohelp,evenifitmeansmoreworkforme.重點(diǎn)語法限制性定語從句(Ⅰ)課堂篇互動(dòng)探究重點(diǎn)詞匯1Arealfriendissomeonewhosesupportwecancount

on.真正的朋友是我們可以依靠他的幫助的人。(P34)【詞匯精講】在本句中counton意為“依賴,依靠,指望”。Thatwastheonlythingtheycouldcount

on.那是他們唯一可以依靠的東西?！驹~匯拓展】counton/upon=depend/relyon/upon依賴,依靠countonsbtodosth 依靠/指望某人做某事count...in

把……包括在內(nèi)count...out

不包括countsb/sthas/tobe...把某人/物看作……countup=addup 把……加起來countableadj.可數(shù)的Therewerefifty-twopersonspresent,counting

inthebabies.包括嬰兒在內(nèi),在場(chǎng)的共有五十二個(gè)人?！具w移應(yīng)用】單句語法填空(1)I’mcounting

youtohelpme.

(2)Ihearyou’reorganizingatriptotheparknextweek.Countme

!

(3)Willyoupleasecount

thesefiguresforme?

onin/outup2Tomakefriendsarealpartofourlives,weshouldputdownoursmartphonesandmeetthemin

person.

為了讓朋友成為我們真實(shí)生活中的一部分,我們應(yīng)該放下智能手機(jī),親自與他們見面。(P34)【詞匯精講】在本句中inperson意為“親自,親身”。Delivertheinvitationsin

persontoeveryonewholivesonyourstreetandchatwitheachforfiveminutesbeforemovingontothenexthouse.親自把請(qǐng)?zhí)瓦_(dá)居住在你街道上的每個(gè)人,與每人聊上5分鐘,然后去下一戶人家?！驹~匯拓展】inorder

按順序inpain

痛苦,在苦惱中introuble 處于困境中insilence 在寂靜中;沉默地insurprise 驚奇地Hewasasbusyasabeetryingtoputthehousein

order.他為了要把家里弄得整整齊齊,忙了好一陣子?！具w移應(yīng)用】完成句子(1)能見到我最喜歡的作者本人使我感到非常驚喜。Itgavemeabigsurprisetomeetmyfavouriteauthor

.

(2)在回家的途中我意識(shí)到,向處于困境中的人施以援手的感覺真好。ItwaswhenwewerereturninghomethatIrealizedwhatagoodfeelingitwastohavehelpedsomeone

.

inpersonintrouble3IcanseethatTimishaving

trouble

balancinghisprojectandhisschoolwork,andIcanseethatbothareimportanttohim.

我可以看出蒂姆在平衡他的項(xiàng)目和他的學(xué)業(yè)上遇到了困難,并且我可以看出這兩者對(duì)他來說都很重要。(P37)【詞匯精講】havetrouble(in)doingsth意為“做某事有困難/麻煩”,其中的in可以省略。Manyparentsfranklyadmitthattheyhave

trouble

bringing

uptheirchildren.許多家長坦承,他們?cè)趽狃B(yǎng)孩子方面有困難。IcanspeakalittleChinese,butIhave

trouble

reading

and

writingChinesecharacters.我會(huì)說一點(diǎn)漢語,但是在閱讀和寫漢字方面有困難?！驹~匯拓展】introuble

在危險(xiǎn)/受罰/憂慮的處境中outoftrouble

擺脫麻煩;脫離困境getintotrouble 陷入困境;遇到麻煩getsbinto/outoftrouble

使某人陷入/擺脫困境takethetroubletodosth

不辭辛勞做某事;費(fèi)神做某事havetroublewithsth 做某事有困難/麻煩Theretiredteachertook

the

trouble

to

helpthestudentswiththeirEnglish.這位退休教師不辭辛勞幫助學(xué)生學(xué)英語。Don’tmentionmyname,oryoucanget

me

into

trouble.別提我的名字,否則你會(huì)給我惹麻煩的?！具w移應(yīng)用】單句語法填空(1)Ifyouare

trouble,Mikeisalwayswillingtolendahand.

(2)Wheneverwehavetrouble

ourstudies,ourteachersalwayshelpuspatiently.

(3)Thanksforthetroubleyouhavetaken

(help)us.

(4)WhatworriesmeisthatIamreallyhavingtrouble

(collect)usefulinformation.

inwith

tohelpcollecting4Imustrespectandsupportthechoiceshemakes.我必須尊重和支持他做的選擇。(P37)【詞匯精講】respect作動(dòng)詞時(shí)意為“尊重;尊敬”,另外respect還可以表示“遵守”。作名詞時(shí)意為“尊敬,敬意;重視”。Itisabouttimetouroperatorsrespectedthelawandtheirowncodeofconduct.旅行社是時(shí)候該遵守法律和行業(yè)規(guī)范了。【詞匯拓展】respectsbforsth

因某事而尊重某人have/showrespectforsb 尊重某人outofrespectfor...

出于對(duì)……的尊敬;顧及Theoldmanishighlyrespected

forhisdevotiontoeducation.那個(gè)老人因?qū)逃姆瞰I(xiàn)而倍受尊重。Itisimportantforusstudentstoshow

respect

forourteachers.我們作為學(xué)生,尊重老師這一點(diǎn)很重要。Awelcomepartywillbeheldout

of

respect

forthedistinguishedguests.出于對(duì)貴賓的尊重,我們將會(huì)舉辦一場(chǎng)歡迎晚會(huì)?！具w移應(yīng)用】完成句子(1)[諺]君須自敬,人乃敬之。

,ornooneelsewillrespectyou.

(2)我希望航空公司能多尊重乘客并提高服務(wù)水平。Ihopeairlinescan

more

passengersandimproveservice.

(3)中國的孩子在很小的時(shí)候就受到不能浪費(fèi)每一粒糧食的教育,這是出于對(duì)農(nóng)民勞動(dòng)的尊重。Chinesechildrengrowupwithawarningthatnottowasteasinglegrainofrice,

forfarmers’labour.

Respectyourself

have/showrespectforoutofrespect5AndIthinkTimistheonewhobrings

outthebestinme.我認(rèn)為是蒂姆激發(fā)出了我最好的一面。(P37)【詞匯精講】在本句中bringout意為“使顯現(xiàn),使表現(xiàn)出”。Crisisbrought

outthebestinher.危難之處方顯她英雄本色?！驹~匯拓展】bringabout

帶來;引來;造成bringalong 使發(fā)展;促使成長bringdown 打落;擊落;降低bringforth 生產(chǎn);產(chǎn)出bringforward 提出;把……提前bringin

帶來;引來;引進(jìn)bringup 撫養(yǎng);教育;提出;嘔吐Technologicalinnovationoftenbrings

aboutrapiddevelopmentinproduction.技術(shù)革新往往帶來生產(chǎn)的高速發(fā)展。Allchildrenshouldbebrought

uptorespecttheirparentsandteachers.應(yīng)該教育所有的兒童尊敬父母和師長?！具w移應(yīng)用】用bring短語的適當(dāng)形式填空(1)Heistotallydedicatedand

thebestinhispupils.

(2)Theyhave

theirsonstostandontheirownfeet.

(3)Theonly-childgeneration

manynewsocialproblems.

bringsoutbroughtupbringsabout6I’llalwaysvaluethesequalitiesofagoodfriendandtrytomeasuremyselfbythesestandardsasourfriendshipdevelops.我將永遠(yuǎn)珍視好朋友的這些品質(zhì),在我們的友誼發(fā)展的過程中,試著用這些標(biāo)準(zhǔn)來衡量我自己。(P37)【詞匯精講】measure作為動(dòng)詞,意義為“估量,判定;測(cè)量”;measure作連系動(dòng)詞,意為“有……長/寬/高”。measure還可以作名詞用,意為“措施;衡量”。Theymeasuredtheheightoftheceiling.他們測(cè)量了天花板的高度。Thepondmeasuresabout10metresacross.這個(gè)池塘寬約十米。Ifthismeasurefails,thereareothermethodswecouldfallbackon.這個(gè)措施要是不行,我們還可以采取別的辦法?！驹~匯拓展】measure...by...

用……來衡量……make...toone’smeasure 按某人的尺寸做(衣服等)takemeasurestodosth 采取措施做某事insomemeasure

在某種程度上

economymeasures

節(jié)約措施

economicmeasures

經(jīng)濟(jì)措施

measurementn.

測(cè)量Youarerightin

some

measure.從某種程度上來說你是對(duì)的。Youthisnotmeasured

byagebutmood.年輕不是用年齡來衡量的,而是一種心境。Mymothermademeapairoftrousersto

my

measure.我媽媽按照我的尺寸給我做了一條褲子?！具w移應(yīng)用】用measure的適當(dāng)形式填空(1)

69metreshigh,thetowerhasahistoryofover100years.

(2)Wemusttake

toprotecttheriversfrombeingpolluted.

(3)Theroom

fivemetresacross.

(4)Educationshouldn’t

onlybyexaminationresults.

Measuringmeasuresmeasures/measuredbemeasured重點(diǎn)句式Tim

is

someone

whom

I

should

try

my

best

to

help,even

if

it

means

more

work

for

me.蒂姆是我應(yīng)該盡力幫助的人,即使這意味著我有更多的工作要做。(P37)【句式剖析】evenif=eventhough意為“即使;雖然”,是連詞詞組,用來引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。Evenif/thoughIambusywithmylessons,Ihavemanagedtofindtimetobewithmyfriends.盡管我忙于功課,我還是設(shè)法擠出時(shí)間和朋友們?cè)谝黄??！揪涫酵卣埂?1)在evenif/though引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句中,如果主句和從句都表示將來的動(dòng)作,從句要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)來表示將來時(shí)。Iwillgotothebeachevenif/thoughitrainstomorrow.明天即使下雨我也要到海邊去。(2)在evenif/though引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句中,如果主句的主語和從句的主語一致,且從句中有be動(dòng)詞時(shí),可以把從句的主語和be動(dòng)詞省略。Themanissostrangethatheneverspeaksevenif(heis)askedto.那個(gè)人太奇怪了,即使問他,他也不說話?！具w移應(yīng)用】完成句子(1)即使失敗10次,我也不灰心。I’llneverloseheart

.

(2)盡管他很忙,他還是來參加了我們的聚會(huì)。

,hestillcametoourparty.

(3)即使我們?cè)诠ぷ髦腥〉昧撕艽蟮某煽?也不應(yīng)該自滿。

inourwork,weshouldnotbeconceited.

evenif/thoughIshouldfailtentimesEvenif/thoughhewasverybusyEvenif/thoughweachievegreatsuccess重點(diǎn)語法限制性定語從句Ⅰ(which,that,who,whom,whose)定語從句是用來充當(dāng)句中定語的從句,它主要用于修飾句子中的名詞、代詞,其位置位于被修飾的名詞、代詞之后。限制性定語從句不可去掉,一旦去掉,主句的意思則不完整。在被修飾的名詞、代詞與定語從句之間往往有一個(gè)關(guān)系詞將其前后兩部分聯(lián)系成一個(gè)整體,關(guān)系詞可分為兩種:關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞。常見的關(guān)系代詞有that,which,who,whom和whose。關(guān)系代詞的用法1.who指人,在定語從句中作主語。There’samanatthefrontdoorwhowantstoseeyou.前門口有個(gè)人想見你。Thosewhowanttogooutingmustbeattheschoolgateat7:00tomorrowmorning.想去郊游的人必須在明天早晨7點(diǎn)到學(xué)校大門口集合。2.whom指人,在定語從句中作賓語,?？墒÷?。MrSmithistheman(whom)youtalkedaboutonthebus.史密斯先生就是你們?cè)诠财嚿险務(wù)摰哪莻€(gè)人。Themonitorisjustthestudent(whom)Iwanttosee.班長正是我想要見的那個(gè)學(xué)生。注意:關(guān)系代詞whom在口語或非正式文體中?？捎脀ho來代替,也可省略。Theman(whom/who)youmetjustnowismybrother.你剛才遇到的那個(gè)人是我哥哥。3.which指物,在定語從句中作主語或賓語,作賓語時(shí)?？墒÷?。Basketballisagamewhichislikedbymostpeople.籃球是大多數(shù)人都喜歡的運(yùn)動(dòng)。Thedictionary(which/that)Iboughtlastweekisveryuseful.我上周買的字典很有用。4.that指人時(shí),相當(dāng)于who或whom;指物時(shí),相當(dāng)于which。在定語從句中作主語或賓語,作賓語時(shí)常可省略。Thenumberofpeoplethat/whocometovisitthiscityeachyearreachesonemillion.每年來參觀這座城市的人數(shù)達(dá)一百萬。Themanagersdiscussedtheplanthat/whichwouldbecarriedoutthenextyear.經(jīng)理們討論了下一年將會(huì)執(zhí)行的計(jì)劃。5.whose通常指人,也可指物,在定語從句中作定語。whose后必須有一名詞。Hehasafriendwhosefatherisadoctor.他有一個(gè)爸爸當(dāng)醫(yī)生的朋友。Childrenwhoarenotactiveorwhosedietishighinfatwillgainweightquickly.不愛運(yùn)動(dòng)或者飲食熱量偏高的孩子們會(huì)發(fā)胖得很快。6.關(guān)系代詞(who除外)也可以用作介詞的賓語。在正式場(chǎng)合,介詞可以置于關(guān)系代詞前,這種情況下關(guān)系代詞不可省略,也不可以用that代替。Isthisthemagazine(which/that)youweretalkingaboutjustnow?=Isthisthemagazineaboutwhichyouweretalkingjustnow?這是你們剛剛談?wù)摰哪潜倦s志嗎?但是要注意的是,固定短語中的介詞不能前置到關(guān)系代詞前。Youaretheveryperson(whom/that)wearelookingfor.你正是我們正在找的人。7.當(dāng)先行詞是way并表示“以……的方式”時(shí),定語從句常用that或inwhich引導(dǎo),that或inwhich也可以省略。Iliketheway(that/inwhich)shesmiles.我喜歡她微笑的方式。隨堂練習(xí)Ⅰ.單詞拼寫1.Participateindiscussionforums(論壇),

(博客)andotheropen-endedforumsfordialogue.

答案

blogs2.Iwantmycafétohaveaspecial

(主題)suchas“TangDynasty”.

答案

theme3.Ihavean

(額外的)tickettotheconcerttonight.Wouldyouliketojoinme?

答案

extra4.Thecrewspenttwodaysandnightsontheir

(木筏).

答案

raft5.TheanswerisabigYES,iftheair

(質(zhì)量)i