百度文庫-趙誠作品百度文庫-趙誠作品2020年商務(wù)英語（BEC）初級口語試題及答案（卷三）(1)Doyoulikeworkinginateamoronyourown?(why?)你喜歡在團隊與個人合作還是獨自工作?Ilikeworkinginateam,astheproverbgoes:”Twoheadsarebetterthanone.”Inateam,Icanlearnfrommyfellowworkers,gethelpfromthemwhenI’munderpressure.Andthemostimportantthingis:Icanlearntocommunicatewithallsortsofpeople.(2)Howimportantisthecentralleadershipofateam?團隊的核心領(lǐng)導(dǎo)有多重要?It’sveryimportant.Youneedsomeonewithmanagerialskillstoleadwithintheteam:heisabletoseethebigpictureoftheworkgoingon,toengageothers,coordinateinterpersonalrelationshipandorganizeresourceseffectively.(3)Doyouprefertoworkinsmallteamsorbigteams?(why)你喜歡在小型團隊還是在大型團隊中工作?Iprefertoworkinabigteam.Yousee,whenyouworkwithmorepeople,yougetachancetolistentodifferentpointsofview,tolearntoseethingsindifferentperspectives.It’salsomorechallengingasyouhavetocoordinatewithmorepeople,(4)Isitnecessaryforateamtohaveregularmeetings?團隊是否有必要定期開會?Yes,Ithinkit’sabsolutelynecessary.Regularmeetingscanenableteammemberstokeeptrackofworkprogressandit’sameansofconsideringinformationandmakingcollectivedecisions.PARTTWO:Mini-presentationWhat’simportantwhen…?Evaluatingthesuccessofteamwork衡量團隊成功與否需要考慮哪些要點?lMutualtrust相互信任lFullco-operation通力合作Mutualtrustisthefirstsecretofsuccessfulteamwork.Whenmembersshareatrustingrelationship,theywillfeelfreetoexpresstheirviews,understandeachother’scapabilitiesandlimitations,andcommunicatewitheachothertimely.Thishelpstobringoutthepotentials,experienceandcreativityoftheindividualandcreategoodworkenvironment.Fullco-operationamongteammembershasadirectimpactonthesuccessorfailureoftheteam.Whenteammembersdevelopastrongawarenessofcooperation,theywouldmakecollectiveeffortstoachievethecommonobjectivesandensureahigherlevelofqualityandworkmanship.Ontopofthat,timelycommunicationanddecisionmakingwillalsohelptoimproveworkefficiency.相互信任是團隊合作成功的秘密之一，當(dāng)團隊成員建立相互信任的關(guān)系，他們就可以毫無束縛的表達(dá)自己的觀點，相互了解對方的能力和缺點，而且可以及時相互溝通。這將有助于激發(fā)個人潛力、經(jīng)驗、和創(chuàng)造力并且可以營造良好的工作環(huán)境。團隊成員的通力合作也對會直接影響團隊成功的失敗。當(dāng)團隊成員有強烈的合作意識，他們將會共同努力達(dá)到共同的目標(biāo)。并確保高水平的質(zhì)量及工藝。除此之外，及時的溝通和做決定也將幫助改善工作效率。PARTTHREE：DiscussionTeamworkYourcompanyisofferingabrieftrainingprogrammeonteambuildingforlinemanagers.Youhavebeenaskedtohelpplantheprogramme.Discussthesituationtogether,anddecide:lwhatissuesshouldtheprogrammefocusonlwhatkindofactivitiesshouldbeincluded團隊合作你們公司正在考慮為部門經(jīng)理提供關(guān)于團隊建設(shè)的短期培訓(xùn)課程。請你們協(xié)助策劃這一課程。討論并決定：l該培訓(xùn)課程應(yīng)集中在哪些問題上l應(yīng)包含哪些活動A:Well,Ithinkit’sagoodideathatourcompanyisplanningtoofferatrainingprogrammeonteambuildingforalllinemanagers.B：Yes.Weneedtoworkoutthefocusofthisprogramme.A:Inmyopinion,weshould,firstofall,focusonissueslikehowtoformaneffectiveteamandhowtoimprovecommunicationwithintheteam.Thesearethemostimportantthingsweneedtoconsiderwhenholdingatrainingprogramme.B:Yes,Iquiteagreewithyou.Understandingtheseissuesisthepre-requisiteofsuccessfulteam-building.Besidesthat,howtonurtureteamdynamicsshouldbeanotherfocusofourtrainingprogramme,Imean,analyseandencouragethedynamicsthatdriveteamsuccessandminimizethefactorsthatinhibitthehealthyfunctioningoftheteam.A:Yes,onlywhenallteammembersaremotivated,andtheygivegoodperformanceinwork.B:Sowecanincludeinourprogramme,theactivitiesthathelptopromoteteamspirit,activitiesthathelpdevelopemployeemotivationandimprovecommunication.A:Well,wecanprovideteambuildinggames,andoutdooractivitiesthatlivenupthetrainingsessions.B:I’mquitewithyouhere.Wecanorganizeoutdooradventureslikerafting,sailingandrockclimbing.Theseeventsservetoincreasepersonalawarenessofabilitiesandcomplementaryskillsinyourteammates.A:it’saverygoodidea.Theseexcitingactivitiesnotonlyencourageteamparticipation,problemsovingandrevitalizemorale,theyalsoaddsomefunandvariationtoourprogramme.B:Andinfulfillingtheirpotentials,everyoneintheteamlearnstounderstandotherpeople’scapacitiesandlearnstoappreciatetheimpactoftheirtraitsonteamdynamics.A:Yes,mutualunderstandingandmutualtrustareindispensabletoeffectiveteambuilding.A:我覺得公司計劃為所有部門經(jīng)理提供團隊建設(shè)的培訓(xùn)課程真是個好主意。B:是的，我們需要想出此次活動的重點。A：我的觀點是，我們首先應(yīng)該把重點放在如何組建一個有效率的團隊和如何改善團隊關(guān)系的方面。當(dāng)我們舉辦培訓(xùn)課程時，這些是我們需要考慮的最重要的事情。B：是的，我非常同意你的看法。成功的團隊建設(shè)前提就是了解你所說的這些問題。除此之外，怎樣激發(fā)團隊活力應(yīng)該是我們培訓(xùn)課程的另一個需要重視的方面，我的意思是，分析和鼓勵團隊成功的動力，使抑制團隊良性運作的因素減少到最小。A：是的，只有當(dāng)所有團隊成員都充滿動力，他們在工作中才會表現(xiàn)出好的成績。B：因此我們應(yīng)該將能幫助發(fā)揚團隊合作精神、幫助發(fā)展員工積極性和提高溝通的活動包括在我們的課程中。A：是的，我們可以提供團隊建設(shè)的游戲，和戶外活動讓培訓(xùn)課程充滿活力。B：我同意你的看法。我們可以組織像漂流、航海和攀巖等戶外探險。這些項目幫助增強個人意識的能力和與隊友互補的技能。A：這是個好主意。這些激動人心的活動不僅可以鼓勵隊員、解決問題和重振士氣。也可以為我們的課程增加樂趣和使其多樣化。B：為了挖掘他們的潛力，團隊中每個人學(xué)會去了解其他人的能力以及學(xué)會去欣賞他們對團隊動力影響的特質(zhì)。A：是的，相互了解和相互信任對于有效的團隊建設(shè)是必不可少的。(1)Whatarethecharacteristicsofagoodteam?一個良好的團隊有哪些特點?Characteristicslikemutualtrust,co-operation,commitment,opennessofexpressionamongteammembersareessentialtoagoodteam.Besides,ateamshouldalsobeclearaboutthecommongoalstheyaimtoattain.(2)Whatmightbethedisadvantagesofworkinginateamenvironment?在團隊中工作有哪些不利因素?Sometimes,teammembershiprequiresyoutogiveupsomeindividualityinorderfortheteamtofunctionasawhole.Sometimesyoufeelyourowncontributiontotheteamcannotbemeasured,soyouworklessthanyouwouldindividually.(3)Wouldyouliketotakepartinaprogrammefordevelopingteamwork?(Why)你是否愿意參加團隊發(fā)展的培訓(xùn)課程?Yes,ofcourse.Itoffersmeopportunitiestodevelopbetterinterpersonalcommunicationskills,andtheseareessentialinmybusinesscareer.(4)Howmightacompanymeasurethesuccessofatrainingprogramme?公司應(yīng)該怎樣衡量培訓(xùn)課程的成敗?Toevaluatetheimpactofatrainingprogramme,wecanseeifthetraininghashelpedtoaddresstheissuesinthework,toseeifthere’sanyimprovementintheworkperformanceofthestaffandifitencouragescreativeinnovationandteamwork.(5)Doyouthinkacompanywillalwaysbenefitfromstafftraining?(Why?/Whynot?)你是否認(rèn)為公司總是可以從員工培訓(xùn)中有所獲益?Ithinkacompanycanbenefitmuchfromstafftraining.Throughtraining,employeeswillhaveabetterunderstandingoftheirworkobjectives,havegreatercommitmentintheirwork,andacquirepracticalworkingskills.1.3ReducingProductionCost降低生產(chǎn)成本Resultin導(dǎo)致，造成Cutcorners抄近路，走捷徑，偷工減料Greenerpastures更綠的牧場(比喻更好的謀生去處，更好的工作、職位)Deadwood枯枝，朽木;無用的人Nuisance討厭的人或事，麻煩事Ex-customer過去的顧客，以前的顧客Intheshortrun在短期內(nèi)Gothroughtheroof大大增加，上漲到處乎意料的程度TQM(totalqualitymanagement)全面質(zhì)量管理Undertheumbrellaof在…的保護下Costaccountant成本會計師Costcontrol成本控制Prognosis預(yù)告預(yù)言Customerservice客戶服務(wù)中心，客戶服務(wù)Customersatisfaction客戶滿意度Costeffective(有)成本效益的Competitiveedge競爭優(yōu)勢，競爭力Cost-efficient成本效益高的Costmanagement成本管理Cutdown削減，減少Rawmaterial原料Toalargeextent在很大程度上Cost-conscious注重節(jié)約成本的Productionline生產(chǎn)線，流水線Ergonomics功效學(xué)Specialist專家User-friendly方便用戶的Shiftwork倒班制，輪班工作(一半指三班倒，即dayshift,eveningshift,以及nightshift)Permanentschedule固定班(亦稱fixedschedule)Rotatingschedule輪班制Outofstepwith與…步調(diào)不一致Adjustto對…適應(yīng)Fightoff竭力避免Bodyrhythm生理節(jié)奏Stressful(心理、生理或情緒上的)緊張、壓力Outofstepwith與…不協(xié)調(diào)，失調(diào)Consultancyservice咨詢服務(wù)Nightshiftblues夜班憂郁癥Allthis所有這一切Healthcounselingfacilities健康咨詢設(shè)施Healthfacilities健身設(shè)備Roundtheclock24小時Translateto轉(zhuǎn)化為Hazard危害，公害Adequatelighting充分的照明，足夠的照明Properheat適當(dāng)?shù)氖覝豏educingBusinessCosts降低經(jīng)營成本Costreductionisanimportantfactorinimprovingthestateofabusiness.降低成本是改進企業(yè)狀況的一個重要因素。Itcanobviouslyresultinhigherprofitsandastrongerenterprise.它可以明顯地提高利潤，壯大企業(yè)。Mostbusinessleadersandmanagerswouldliketoreducecosts,butmanyfinditdifficulttodotherightthings.大多數(shù)企業(yè)主管和經(jīng)理都想降低成本，但大多感到難以找到正確的途徑。Thereareseveralmethodsbusinessleadersormanagersusetoreducecoststhatcanbedamagingtothehealthoftheorganization.企業(yè)主管和經(jīng)理采用的削減成本的有些方法對企業(yè)健康發(fā)展是有害的。Theseincludedownsizing,reducingcustomerservice,andcuttingcornersinproductionmethods.這些方法包括縮小企業(yè)規(guī)模、減少客戶服務(wù)，以及在生產(chǎn)中偷工減料。Downsizing縮小企業(yè)規(guī)模Somecompanyleadersfeeltheycanreducecostsbysimplydownsizingorreducingthenumberofworkersormiddlemanagers.有些公司領(lǐng)導(dǎo)認(rèn)為，可以通過縮小企業(yè)規(guī)?；蛘呔唵T工或中層管理人員來減少成本。IfthisisdoneafterapplyingISO9000.anddefiningtheexactroleofeveryone,itmaybeanecessaryandeffectivemethod.如果是在實施ISO9000質(zhì)量體系之后，并已對每個成員的角色做出了細(xì)致的規(guī)定之后，這有可能不失為必要并且有效的一種方法。Unfortunately,mostcompaniesthatdownsizedosowithoutreallyknowingtheimpactonthecompany’soperations.但遺憾的是大多數(shù)削減規(guī)模的公司采用了裁員這種方法，但并不真正知道這種方法對公司運作所產(chǎn)生的影響。Oneofthebiggesteffectsofdownsizingtoreducecostsisthatthegoodemployeesquicklyleavethecompanyforgreenerpastures.以裁員的方法來削減成本，一個最大的副作用就是不少好的員工很快就會離開公司另謀高就。Thusthecompanyisleftwiththedeadwoodemployees,whoaresupposedtodotwicetheworkasbefore.公司就只剩下一些庸員，而這些人要承擔(dān)兩倍于以前的工作量。ReducingCustomerService減少客戶服務(wù)Customerservicecanbeanuisanceandisoftenexpensive.客戶服務(wù)可能是件麻煩事并且耗資巨大。Sometimescompanieswillreduceoreliminatetheservicetheygivetothecustomers.Unfortunately,有時公司會減少甚至取消為客戶們提供的服務(wù)。aneglectedcustomerisanex-customer.但遺憾的是，一個被冷落的客戶就不在是你的客戶了。CuttingCorners偷工減料Aquickwaytocutcostsisbycuttingcornersinproductionorservicemethods.削減成本的一個捷徑是在生產(chǎn)或服務(wù)過程中偷工減料。Somecompanyleadersfeelthatbyusingcheapermaterialsandlabor,andbyeliminatingpartandsteps,theycancutcostsandsavemoney.有些領(lǐng)導(dǎo)認(rèn)為，他們可以利用更為廉價的原材料和勞動力，減去一些步驟，以此減少成本，節(jié)省費用。Itistruethatcostsmaybecutintheshortrun,butoftentheproductorserviceisofsuchalowqualitythatrepairandreworkcostsgothroughtheroof.誠然，這樣做在短期內(nèi)可以削減成本，但是往往會使產(chǎn)品和服務(wù)的質(zhì)量低下，結(jié)果是補救、返工的成本奇高無比。Alsocustomersmaybecomeunhappywiththelowqualityandmoveontoanothersupplier.而且造成客戶對產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量不滿并另找供應(yīng)商。Effectivewaytoreducecostsincludetrainingyourworkers,gettingqualitygoodsfromsuppliers,andusingTotalQualityManagement(TQM)tools.降低成本的有效方法包括對員工進行培訓(xùn)、從供應(yīng)商處購買優(yōu)質(zhì)的產(chǎn)品，以及啟用全面質(zhì)量管理(TQM)工具。Becausetoreducecostsmeanstoreducewaste.Thatiswastedmaterials,wastedeffort,andwastedtime.因為降低成本意味著減少浪費，即對原材料、人工和時間的浪費。TrainWorkers培訓(xùn)員工Inthesedaysofchangingtechnologiesandmethods,itisnecessarytotrainyourworkerstokeepthemuptodate.在技術(shù)和生產(chǎn)手段日新月異的今天，有必要對員工進行培訓(xùn)，使他們趕上新的發(fā)展。GetQualityfromSuppliers從供應(yīng)商處購買優(yōu)質(zhì)的產(chǎn)品Lowqualitygoodsfromsuppliersisamajorsourceofwaste.購買低質(zhì)量的產(chǎn)品是最大的浪費源。Youshouldnotonlytrytogetqualitysuppliersbutalsoworkwithyoursupplierstohelpthemimprovetheiroperationsandqualityofoutput.你不僅需要尋找能提供高質(zhì)量產(chǎn)品的供應(yīng)商，而且還要幫助他們改進經(jīng)營和產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量。TQMTools全面質(zhì)量管理工具ThereareanumberofimprovementmethodsthatcanbeplacedundertheumbrellaofTotalQualityManagement(TQM).在全面質(zhì)量管理工具體系內(nèi)有許多改善經(jīng)營的方法。Inconclusion,crudemethodstoreducecosts—suchasdownsizing—arenoteffectiveandcanactuallyharmabusiness.總之，粗劣的降低成本的方法，例如縮小企業(yè)的規(guī)模，不僅無效，而且還會對企業(yè)造成損耗。Helpingyoursuppliers,trainingyourworkers,andusingTQM-typeimprovementtoolscanhelptoeliminatewasteandimprovetheprofitsofyourbusiness.為你的供應(yīng)商提供幫助，對員工進行培訓(xùn)，并啟用全面質(zhì)量管理型改進工具，這些將有助于減少浪費，提高企業(yè)的盈利能力。PARTONEInterview(1)Whatarethemethodsofcommunicationtostaffinmostcompanies?大多數(shù)公司采用什么方式和員工進行溝通?Themostpopularcommunicationmethodsinclude:face-to-facecommunication,E-mails,telephone,notice-boards,etc.nowadays,theIntranetisaveryeffectivemethodofcommunication.(2)Doyouthinkyouaregoodatcommunicatingwithyourboss?(Why?/Whynot?)你覺得自己善于和上司溝通嗎?Yes.IthinkI’mquitegoodatcommunicatingwithpeople.WheneverIhavesomenewideasorresentmentaboutmywork.I’lltalktomybossfacetoface.I’mveryfrankandopen-minded,readytoacceptdifferentopinions.(3)Isitimportanttoletyourmanagerknowyourideasaboutwork?(Why)讓你的上司知道你對工作的看法是否重要?Ithinkit’sveryimportant.Yousee,Ioftenmakesuggestionstomybossaboutinternaldevelopment,anddiscussareasIwouldliketoimproveon.Inthisway,I’mcontributingtotheoverallimprovementofthecompany.(4)Doyouthinkpeoplecanbetrainedtocommunicatemoreefficiently(Why)你認(rèn)為通過培訓(xùn)人們是否可以更有效地進行溝通?Yes.Ithinkitwillbeveryhelpfulifemployeesgetchancestoattendtrainingcoursesoninterpersonalskills.Suchtrainingwillenablethemtocommunicatemoreeffectively.PartTwo:Mini-presentationWhat’simportantwhen…?Communciatingmanagementmessagestothestaff和員工溝通管理信息需要考慮哪些要點?lOverallpurpose整體目標(biāo)lFeedbackonperformance對工作表現(xiàn)的反饋lFirstofall,Ithinkit’simportanttoclearlystateyouroverallpurposeandexpectations.Inthisway,employeeknowexactlywhattheyshoulddotomeetworkrequirementsandtoachieveperformanceexcellence.Inadditiontothis,providingfeedbackontheirperformanceisalsoimportant.Onthemanagerialpart,performancereviewshelpmanagerstokeeptrackofpossibleproblemsintheirownwork.Onthepartoftheemployees,theygetencouragedfortheirhardworkandaregivenchancestocorrectmistakesmadeonthejob.Besides,managersshouldbemoreopeninsharinginformationwiththeirsubordinates.Theyshouldletemployeesknowinadvanceanyproposedchangesbeforetheyactuallyoccur.Thiswillenhancemutualunderstandingandtrust.首先，我認(rèn)為清晰的陳述你的總體目標(biāo)和期望是很重要的。這樣，員工可以確切的知道他們應(yīng)該做什么來滿足工作需求以及實現(xiàn)卓越的成績。除此之外，對他們的成績提出反饋意見也很重要。從管理的角度來看，績效評估幫助管理者追蹤他們自己可能發(fā)生的問題;從員工的角度，他們努力工作得到鼓舞，工作中出現(xiàn)的問題也有機會得到糾正。另外，管理者應(yīng)該與下屬更開發(fā)的分享信息。任何建議的改變之前，他們應(yīng)該讓員工提前知曉。這將加強相互的理解及信任。PARTTHREEDiscussionE-mailNewsletterYoucompanywouldliketointroduceanE-mailnewslettertosendtoallmembersregularly.Youhavebeenaskedtohelpco-ordinatetheproject.Discussthesituationtogether,anddecide:lwhatkindsofarticlesandinformationshouldbeincludedlwhatthenewslettershouldlooklikeandhowoftenitshouldbesent電子郵件快訊你們公司意欲創(chuàng)建一份電子郵件快訊，定期發(fā)給全體員工。請你們共同協(xié)調(diào)這一計劃。討論并決定：l電子郵件快訊中應(yīng)包含哪些文章和信息l電子郵件快訊的版式、發(fā)送周期A：Yousee,ourcompanyisdesigninganE-mailnewsletterforallstaffmembers.Itcertainlyisaverygoodchannelforinternalcommunication.B:Yes.Whatinformationshouldbeincluded,inyouropinion?A:Itshouldcarryarticlesaboutthetangibleperformancestandardsforstafftofollow,andinformationaboutanychangesinthecompany,suchasnewpolicies,newprojectsandnewmanagers,etc.thiswillhelptoreducethechanceforconfusionandmisinterpretationofkeycorporatepolicesanddecisions.B:Yes,I’mquitewithyouhere.Informationofthiskindwillhelpstaffmembersbetteradjustthemselvestotheworkenvironmentandachievehigherlevelofperformance.A:Thereshouldalsobeinformationaboutthelatestachievementsofthecompanyaswell.B:Iagreewithyou.But…A:Andaboutannualperformancereviewsandstaffappraisals,justtorewardhardworkingpeopleandlookatproblemsinwork.Yousee…B:Well,youarequiteright.ButIthinkweshouldplaceemphasisontwo-waycommunication.Thenewslettershouldalsofocusontheemployeeside.Weshouldallowouremployeestovoicetheiropinionsaboutday-to-dayworkandcorporatedevelopment.Theyshouldalsohaveachancetocommentontheperformanceofthemanagersandpointoutproblemsintheirwork.A:That’sagoodidea.Solet’sputinthiscolumn”VoicefromtheStaff”.B:Besidesthecontents,thelayoutisalsoimportant.Wecanusesomephotos,peopleusuallyliketoseepicturesofthemselvesandpeopletheyknow.Soitwillbeabletoattractmorereaders.Wecanalsousecartoonpicturestohelpillustrateourideas.A:Good.Anddon’tforgetourcompanylogo,itwillhelptopromoteasenseofbelongingandloyalty.Andlet’salsoinsertsomehumour,tomakeitmorereadable.B:Finally,Ithinkitshouldbesenttoouremployeeseveryotherweek.A:Well,er…yousee,thisisacompetitiveage,newsandinformationkeepchanging.Whynotmakeitonceineverytendays,threedifferentissueseverymonth.B:Alright.Andlet’smakeitshort,sopeopledon’thavetospendtoomuchtimereadingeachissue.A:Iagree.A:你是知道的，我們公司正在為全體員工設(shè)計一個電子郵件快訊。這確實是一個非常好的內(nèi)部溝通的渠道。B：是的，你認(rèn)為這其中應(yīng)該包括什么樣的信息呢?A：應(yīng)該包括員工遵循的具體工作標(biāo)準(zhǔn)這類文章，以及關(guān)于公司任何變化的信息，例如新政策、新項目和新的管理者等等。這將幫助減少對公司政策及抉擇的困惑和誤解。B：是的，我很同意你的觀點。這方面的信息將幫助員工在適應(yīng)工作環(huán)境及達(dá)到更高的水平進行更好的我調(diào)節(jié)A：也應(yīng)該包括關(guān)于公司最新最新成果的信息。B：我同意，但是…A：且關(guān)于每年的績效考核與員工評估，只作為員工辛勤工作的回報及尋找工作中的問題。你知道…B：是的，你說的很對。但是我認(rèn)為我們應(yīng)該把重點放在雙方的溝通上。郵件快訊也應(yīng)該聚焦于員工這一方面。我們應(yīng)該允許我們的員工發(fā)表他們對日常工作和公司發(fā)展的意見。他們也應(yīng)該有機會去評論管理者得成績以及指出其再工作中的問題。A：這是個好主意。那么讓我們把這個專欄叫做：“員工之聲”B：除了這個內(nèi)容，排版也很重要，我們應(yīng)該刊登一些照片，人們通常喜歡看到他們自己活著認(rèn)識的人的照片。這樣能夠吸引許多讀者。我們也可以用漫畫來說明我們的想法。A：很好。還有別忘了我們公司的標(biāo)識，這將幫助我們?nèi)ヌ嵘龤w屬感和忠誠度。讓我們來穿插一些小幽默，讓它更具可讀性。B：最后，我認(rèn)為我們應(yīng)該隔周發(fā)送給員工。A：是的，可…你知道，這是一個競爭的時代，新聞和信息變化交替。不日我們每隔10天發(fā)送一次，每個月有不同的三期。B：好的，讓我們盡量簡短些，這樣的話就不會花費員工太多時間去閱讀每一期。A：我同意。(1)Doyouthinkit’simportantthatmanagerslistentocomplaintsfromemployees?(why/whynot?)你認(rèn)為經(jīng)理聽取員工的申訴是否很重要?Yes.Complaintsfromemployeesusuallyreflecttheproblemswithinthefirm,someevenshowproblemsofthemanagement.Listeningtothecomplaintshelpsmanagerstofindproblemsandwaystoresolvethem.(2)Doyoucommunicatewithyourcolleagueoftenandhow?你是否經(jīng)常和同事溝通?是怎樣溝通的?Yes.Ioftencommunicatewithmycolleagues,wesharecorporateinformationtogether,exchangenewsandviews.Inmostcases,wechatwitheachother,sometimesweE-mailtoeachother.(3)Whataretheadvantagesofmanagementcommunications?管理溝通有哪些優(yōu)勢?Managementcommunicationscanenhancemutualtrust,promoteemployeecommitment,boostmorale.Ontopofthat,ithelpstoimproveproductivity.(4)Isitnecessaryforthemanagertohavepersonalcontactswithhisemployees?經(jīng)理是否有必要親自去同雇員溝通?(為什么)Yes.Itisbetterforthemanagergotoanemployee’sworkstationratherthanmakephonecalls.Face-to-facediscussionshowsyoursincerityandwhat’smore,it’smoreopenanddirect.(5)Howimportantisittodeveloptheintranetofthecompany?開發(fā)公司內(nèi)部互聯(lián)網(wǎng)有任何重要意義?Inthisinformationage,companyintranettendstobeaveryeffectivechannelofcommunication.It’sspeedyinrelayingthecorporatenews,managementmessages,internalchanges,etc.anditpromotesinformationequality,aseveryonehasaccesstoit.1.2InternalCommunications內(nèi)部溝通Becommittedto致力于Beengagedin投身于…，忙于Delivery傳輸，傳送Corporateinformation公司信息Vision設(shè)想，遠(yuǎn)見Openness坦誠，公開Integrity誠信，誠實Paramount極為重要的-wide(后綴，與名詞一起構(gòu)成形容詞或副詞)全…范圍的Opinionsurvey意見調(diào)查Putinplace實施，到位Audience-driven以受眾為導(dǎo)向的Communicationsapproach溝通方式Segmentation分割，切斷Customization根據(jù)對方需要制作，量身定做Integratedplatform集成的(信息)平臺Costefficiency成本效率Digitalmedia數(shù)碼媒介Intranet企業(yè)內(nèi)部互聯(lián)網(wǎng)Notice-board布告牌Resentment憤恨，不滿Open-minded胸襟開闊的Out-going爽直的，樂于助人的，外向的Mettle勇氣，精神Initiative主動性Managementmessage管理信息Performanceexcellence優(yōu)異表現(xiàn)Subordinate下級，下屬E-mailnewsletter電郵通訊，電子郵件通訊，亦作E-newsletter,E-news-letterTangibleperformancestandards具體的工作標(biāo)準(zhǔn)Annualperformancereviews(對員工的)年度業(yè)績考核，年度績效評估Staffappraisal(對員工的)業(yè)績評估，業(yè)績考核Two-waycommunication雙向交流Voiceone’sopinionsabout就…發(fā)表自己的意見Column(報紙、雜志的)專欄Layout版面設(shè)計Cartoonpicture漫畫Companylogo公司標(biāo)識Asenseofbelonging歸屬感Workstation工作站，工作處Informationequality信息均等Haveaccessto有權(quán)使用…Channel渠道，通道Opinionpoll民意測驗Internalcommunications內(nèi)部溝通Nokiaiscommittedtoastronginternalcommunicationscultureandpractice.諾基亞公司致力于建立一種強有力的內(nèi)部溝通文化和實踐體系。Itsbroadrangeofcommunicationsactivities,channelsandmediastrivetohelpemployeesmanageandusecorporateinformationtheyreceiveintheirworkandorganizationalrelationshipsandindoingso,諾基亞公司通過各種廣泛的溝通活動以及豐富的溝通渠道和媒介，盡力幫助員工管理和運用他們在工作中以及在企業(yè)交往中獲得的公司信息。befullyengagedinthedeliveryofthecompany’sstrategyandtheNokiaWay.公司通過這種做法，切實傳播公司的運作策略以及“諾基亞之道”Nokiapromotesaculturewheregoodcommunicationspracticeisintegratedintoeverydayinteractionwithandbetweenemployeesandwheresharedvisionandgoals,sharedknowledge,openness,speedandintegrityareparamount.諾基亞公司倡導(dǎo)這樣一種公司文化：將良好的溝通習(xí)慣融入公司于員工以及員工與員工之間的日常交往之中。在這一公司文化中，共同的期望和目標(biāo)、共享的知識、坦誠、高效和誠信高于一切。Thecompanymeasuresitsperformanceininternalcommunicationsthroughthecompany-wideannualemployeeopinionsurveyaswellastargetedsurveysaroundspecificcommunicationsactivities.諾基亞公司通過在公司上下進行一年一度的員工意見調(diào)查，以及針對具體溝通活動的目標(biāo)調(diào)查，衡量公司內(nèi)部溝通方面的績效。Nokiaisputtinginplaceanaudience-drivencommunicationsapproachtomeetthediverseneedsofitsemployeesforinformationandcommunication,withemphasisonsegmentation,customizationandchoiceofaccess.諾基亞公司正在實施以受眾為導(dǎo)向的溝通方式，以滿足員工對信息和交流的不同需要，著重強調(diào)溝通職能的切分、量體裁衣的溝通方式以及溝通途徑和選擇。Thisworkissupportedbythedevelopmentanduseofcommonandintegratedplatformsandprocesseswhichwillencouragecostefficiencyintheuseofinternalandexternalresourcesandadoptionovertimeofdigitalmedia.這項工作得以展開是通過開發(fā)和使用了普通以及集成的信息平臺和處理程序，在運用內(nèi)外資源的過程中激勵成本效率，并采用了數(shù)碼媒介等方式。Therearethreeprimarychannelsforcommunicatingwithemployee.NokiapeoplemagazineispublishedinthefourmostcommonlanguagesinNokia:English,Finnish,ChineseandGerman.NokiaNewsServiceoffersdailyonlinenewsfromaroundtheorganization,andtheIntranetcontainsavastamountofdetailedcompanyinformation.諾基亞公司和員工的溝通有三種不同的渠道?！吨Z基亞人》雜志采用四種語言出版：英語、芬蘭語、漢語和德語;諾基亞新聞服務(wù)網(wǎng)每天提供在線的公司新聞;還有企業(yè)內(nèi)部互聯(lián)網(wǎng)，提供大量詳細(xì)的公司信息。公司運作與管理1.1Teamwork團隊合作Teamwork團隊合作，團隊精神Team-based以團隊為基礎(chǔ)的Horizontalorganizationstructure橫向企業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)Corporategoals企業(yè)目標(biāo)Charter規(guī)章，章程Beaccountablefor對…負(fù)有責(zé)任Creativeinnovation創(chuàng)新改革，創(chuàng)新發(fā)明創(chuàng)新精神Rewardsystem獎勵制度Payback回報，報償Individuality個性Independentthinking獨立的思想Groupdecision-making集體決策Managerialskill管理技能Coordinate使協(xié)調(diào)，調(diào)整Interpersonalrelationship人際關(guān)系Mutualtrust相互信任Bringoutthepotentials充分發(fā)揮潛能Closely-knit(關(guān)系)密切的Keeptrackof跟蹤，追蹤Time-consuming花費時間的Linemanager部門經(jīng)理，業(yè)務(wù)經(jīng)理(與行政經(jīng)理相對)Pre-building團隊建設(shè)Nurture培養(yǎng)，教育，發(fā)展Nurtureteamdynamics培養(yǎng)團隊活力Promoteteamspirit提倡團隊精神Driveteamsuccess驅(qū)使團隊成功Minimize將…減少到最少，最小化Inhibit約束，抑止Livenup使…有生氣Trainingsession一場訓(xùn)練，培訓(xùn)課期Rafting漂流Rockclimbing攀巖Teammate隊友Impact影響，效果Complementary補充的，互補的Revitalize使新生，給予新的活力Trait(個人性格方面的)特征，顯著的特點Commitment敬業(yè)精神Interpersonalcommunicationskills人際交際技能，亦作interpersonalskillsAddress處理(事情)HowtoMakeTeamsEffective如何組建精銳的團隊Peopleineveryworkplacetalkaboutbuildingtheteam,workingasateam,andmyteam,butfewunderstandhowtocreatetheexperienceofteamworkorhowtodevelopaneffectiveteam.在各種工作場合，人們都在談?wù)搱F隊建設(shè)、團隊合作、自己的團隊，但是卻很少有人真正理解如何體驗團隊合作以及如何組建一支精銳的團隊。Belongingtoateam,inthebroadestsense,isaresultoffeelingpartofsomethinglargerthanyourself.屬于一個團隊，就是體驗自己成為比自己更大的團體的一部分。Ithasalottodowithyourunderstandingofthemissionorobjectivesofyourorganization.這在很大程度上與你對企業(yè)任務(wù)和目標(biāo)的理解有關(guān)。Inateam-orientedenvironment,youcontributetotheoverallsuccessoftheorganization.在以團隊為導(dǎo)向的環(huán)境里，你要為企業(yè)的全面成功做出自己的貢獻(xiàn)。Youworkwithfellowmembersoftheorganizationtoproducetheseresults.你要和同事們通力合作以達(dá)到這些目標(biāo)。Eventhoughyouhaveaspecificjobfunctionandyoubelongtoaspecificdepartment,yo