第三部分專題一第3講篇法類錯誤A(2022·陜西省榆林市高三第一次模擬考試)Goodmorning,everyone!Ifeelhonoredtobestoodhere,sharingmyopinionswiththerelationshipbetweentheenvironmentandtheeconomy.Personal,environmentalprotectionseemsabletogohandinhandwitheconomicdevelopment.Foronething,it?sunavoidabletodamagetheenvironmentthatwhilewedeveloptheeconomy.Foranother,environmentalprotection,inturn,limitingthedevelopmentofoureconomy.Undoubtedly,it?syourdutytoprotecttheenvironmentwhileweaimforeconomicdevelopment.Weshouldensurethedevelopmentstrategiesarefollowedintheenvironmentallyfriendlyway.Everyonecanhelpfightpollutionsbythefollowinggoldenrule：reduce,reuseandrecycle.Onlyinthiswaycanabalancebetweentheenvironmentandtheeconomyachieved.【答案】Goodmorning,everyone!Ifeelhonoredtobeeq\o(stood,\s\do10(standing))here,sharingmyopinionseq\o(with,\s\do10(of/on/about))therelationshipbetweentheenvironmentandtheeconomy.eq\o(Personal,\s\do10(Personally))，environmentalprotectionseemseq\o(able,\s\do10(unable))togohandinhandwitheconomicdevelopment.Foronething,it?sunavoidabletodamagetheenvironmentthatwhilewedeveloptheeconomy.Foranother,environmentalprotection,inturn,eq\o(limiting,\s\do10(limits))thedevelopmentofoureconomy.Undoubtedly,it?seq\o(your,\s\do10(our))dutytoprotecttheenvironmentwhileweaimforeconomicdevelopment.Weshouldensurethedevelopmentstrategiesarefollowedineq\o(the,\s\do10(an))environmentallyfriendlyway.Everyonecanhelpfighteq\o(pollutions,\s\do10(pollution))bythefollowinggoldenrule：reduce,reuseandrecycle.Onlyinthiswaycanabalancebetweentheenvironmentandtheeconomyeq\o(∧,\s\do10(be))achieved.【解析】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了作者對環(huán)境與經(jīng)濟關(guān)系的看法。1．考查非謂語動詞。句意：我很榮幸能站在這里，分享我對環(huán)境與經(jīng)濟關(guān)系的看法。這里是表示現(xiàn)在正在做的事情，所以用不定式的進行時態(tài)。故將stood改為standing。2．考查介詞。句意同上題。固定短語opinionof/on/aboutsth.關(guān)于……的觀點。故將with改為of/on/about。3．考查副詞。句意：就我個人而言，環(huán)境保護似乎不能與經(jīng)濟發(fā)展攜手并進。句中用副詞作狀語，修飾整個句子。故將Personal改為Personally。4．考查形容詞。句意同上題。根據(jù)句后“it?sunavoidabletodamagetheenvironment(that)whilewedeveloptheeconomy.”可知，作者對于保護環(huán)境與發(fā)展經(jīng)濟同步持反對意見。故將able改為unable。5．考查并列句。句意：一方面，在我們發(fā)展經(jīng)濟的同時，破壞環(huán)境是不可避免的。句中while為并列連詞，連接兩個分句，表示“然而(表示對比)”，所以連詞that多余。故將while前的that刪去。6．考查謂語動詞。句意：另一方面，環(huán)境保護反過來限制了我們經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展。句中缺少謂語動詞，陳述客觀事實，用一般現(xiàn)在時。主語為environmentalprotection，所以謂語動詞用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。故將limiting改為limits。7．考查代詞。句意：毫無疑問，在我們追求經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的同時，保護環(huán)境是我們的責任。分析句意可知，這里是指我們的責任。故將your改為our。8．考查冠詞。句意：我們應(yīng)該確保以對環(huán)境友好的方式執(zhí)行發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略。可數(shù)名詞way在句中指“一種方式”，是單數(shù)，泛指，應(yīng)用不定冠詞限定，又因形容詞environmentally發(fā)音以元音音素開頭，所以應(yīng)用不定冠詞an修飾。故將the改為an。9．考查名詞的數(shù)。句意：每個人都可以通過以下黃金法則來幫助對抗污染：減少、重復使用和循環(huán)利用。名詞pollution不可數(shù)。故將pollutions改為pollution。10．考查語態(tài)。句意：只有這樣才能在環(huán)境和經(jīng)濟之間取得平衡。名詞abalance與動詞achieve是被動關(guān)系，情態(tài)動詞can后接動詞原形。故在achieved前添be。B(2022·新疆維吾爾自治區(qū)普通高考第一次適應(yīng)性檢測)Dearteachersandfellowstudents，I?dliketotakethisopportunitytoexpressmysincereappreciationmyparents,teachersandclassmates.Eighteenyearshasseenmegrowintoaadult.Ican?tforgetthetimeswhenmyparentstookcareofmepatientandlovinglybuthelpedmeovercomedifficultiesonebyone.WhenIenterschool,itwasluckyformetomeetmanyexcellentanddevotedteacher.ItisyourguidanceandencouragementthatmakesmewhatIamtoday.Besides,classmatesalsoplayanimportantroleinmylife.Withyourcompany,Ican?timaginewhatyourschoollifewouldhavebeenlike.Again,Iamgratefultoallofyouforthatwhatyouhavedoneforme.Thankyouverymuchforlistening.【答案】Dearteachersandfellowstudents，I?dliketotakethisopportunitytoexpressmysincereappreciationeq\o(∧,\s\do10(to))myparents,teachersandclassmates.Eighteenyearshasseenmegrowintoeq\o(a,\s\do10(an))adult.Ican?tforgetthetimeswhenmyparentstookcareofmeeq\o(patient,\s\do10(patiently))andlovinglyeq\o(but,\s\do10(and))helpedmeovercomedifficultiesonebyone.WhenIeq\o(enter,\s\do10(entered))school,itwasluckyformetomeetmanyexcellentanddevotedeq\o(teacher,\s\do10(teachers)).Itisyourguidanceandencouragementthateq\o(makes,\s\do10(make))mewhatIamtoday.Besides,classmatesalsoplayanimportantroleinmylife.eq\o(With,\s\do10(Without))yourcompany,Ican?timaginewhateq\o(your,\s\do10(my))schoollifewouldhavebeenlike.Again,Iamgratefultoallofyouforthatwhatyouhavedoneforme.Thankyouverymuchforlistening.【解析】這是一篇演講稿，作者表達了對父母、老師和同學們的感謝。1．考查介詞。句意：借此機會，我要向我的父母、老師和同學們表示衷心的感謝。expressappreciationtosb.為固定短語，表示“向某人表達感謝”。故在myparents前加to。2．考查冠詞。句意：18年的時間，我已經(jīng)長大成人。adult發(fā)音以元音音素開頭，需用不定冠詞an修飾，表示泛指。故將a改為an。3．考查副詞。句意：我不能忘記我的父母耐心和慈愛地照顧我并幫助我克服一個又一個困難的時候。修飾動詞短語tookcareof應(yīng)用副詞作狀語。故將patient改為patiently。4．考查連詞。句意同上題。上下文之間是順承關(guān)系，需用連詞and連接。故將but改為and。5．考查動詞時態(tài)。句意：當我進入學校的時候，我很幸運地遇到了許多優(yōu)秀的、敬業(yè)的老師。根據(jù)was可知，此處陳述過去發(fā)生的事情，使用一般過去時。故將enter改為entered。6．考查名詞。句意同上題。teacher為可數(shù)名詞，many修飾可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)形式。故將teacher改為teachers。7．考查主謂一致。句意：是你們的引導和鼓勵造就了今天的我。主語為yourguidanceandencouragement，表示復數(shù)，謂語動詞需用復數(shù)形式。故將makes改為make。8．考查介詞。句意：沒有你們的陪伴，我無法想象我的學校生活會是什么樣子。此處表示“沒有”需用介詞without。故將With改為Without。9．考查代詞。句意同上題。句子的主語是I，此處與之對應(yīng)，表示“我的”應(yīng)用my。故將your改為my。10．考查名詞性從句。句意：我再次感謝你們?yōu)槲宜龅囊磺?。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，“whatyouhavedoneforme”為介詞for后的賓語從句，what引導賓語從句，在從句中作賓語，that是多余的。故將that去掉。C(2022·江西省萍鄉(xiāng)市高三二模)DearTom,Knowingthatyouaregoingtoreturnyourowncountry,I?mwritingtoextendmysincerelygratitudeforyourhelpinmyEnglishlearning.Ifithasnotbeenforyourassistance,Iwouldn?thavemadesorapidprogress.WheneverIhadtroubleinlearningEnglish,youwerealwaystherehelpedme.However,thosebooksyougavemearealsoofagreathelptome.Iamfondofthemverymuch,fromthatIhavegotalotofknowledges.Again,Iwouldliketoexpressourthankstoyou.Wishyouasafejourneyhome.Yours,LiHua【答案】DearTom,Knowingthatyouaregoingtoreturneq\o(∧,\s\do10(to))yourowncountry,I?mwritingtoextendmyeq\o(sincerely,\s\do10(sincere))gratitudeforyourhelpinmyEnglishlearning.Ifiteq\o(has,\s\do10(had))notbeenforyourassistance,Iwouldn?thavemadeeq\o(so,\s\do10(such))rapidprogress.WheneverIhadtroubleinlearningEnglish,youwerealwaysthereeq\o(helped,\s\do10(helping))me.eq\o(However,\s\do10(Besides))，thosebooksyougavemearealsoofagreathelptome.Iamfondofthemverymuch,fromeq\o(that,\s\do10(which))Ihavegotalotofeq\o(knowledges,\s\do10(knowledge)).Again,Iwouldliketoexpresseq\o(our,\s\do10(my))thankstoyou.Wishyouasafejourneyhome.Yours,LiHua【解析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。作者感謝了即將回國的Tom對自己的幫助。1．考查介詞。句意：得知您即將回國，我寫信向您在英語學習中給予我的幫助表示衷心的感謝。根據(jù)句意及動詞return可知，動詞短語returnto，表示“回到”。故在return后加to。2．考查形容詞。句意同上題。由于gratitude是名詞，所以此處應(yīng)該用形容詞sincere來修飾該名詞。故將sincerely改為sincere。3．考查時態(tài)。句意：如果沒有你的幫助，我就不會進步得這么快。根據(jù)句意及后句Iwouldn?thavemadesorapidprogress可知，該句涉及虛擬語氣，且是對過去事實的虛擬，所以從句要用haddone。故將has改為had。4．考查形容詞。句意同上題。由于rapidprogress短語中progress是名詞，所以要用such修飾不能用so來修飾，so用來修飾形容詞、副詞。故將so改為such。5．考查非謂語動詞。句意：每當我學習英語有困難時，你總是在那里幫助我。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處help應(yīng)該用非謂語動詞形式，且與句子主語you之間是主動關(guān)系，所以要用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語。故將helped改為helping。6．考查副詞。句意：此外，你給我的那些書對我也有很大的幫助。根據(jù)句意及前后句關(guān)系，可知此處應(yīng)該是遞進關(guān)系，表示“此外”。故將However改為Besides。7．考查冠詞。句意同上題。根據(jù)句意，固定短語beofgreathelp“有很大幫助”，故刪掉a。8．考查定語從句。句意：我非常喜歡它們，從它們(這些書里)中我學到了很多知識。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處fromthatIhavegotalotofknowledges是定語從句，修飾前面的代詞them，指代上文提到的thosebooks；“介詞＋which/whom”引導定語從句，先行詞是物，所以用which。故將that改為which。9．考查名詞。句意同上題。knowledge是不可數(shù)名詞，沒有復數(shù)形式。故將knowledges改為knowledge。10．考查代詞。句意：我想再次向你表示感謝。根據(jù)全文來看，本文是“我”給朋友Tom寫的感謝信，所以此處應(yīng)該是“表達我的感謝”。故將our改為my。D(2022·河南省名校聯(lián)盟高三下學期第一次模擬)DearPaul,Ireallycan?tthankyouverymuchforyourinvitation.IdowanttoacceptthemandtakethisopportunitytointroducetraditionalChinesepaintingstoforeignfriends,butI?msorrytoinformyouthatIcan?t.ThereasonisbecauseIambusypreparingmyselfforthecomingCollegeEntranceExamination.Asfortheintroductionspeech,IstronglyrecommendmyfriendAnna,thatisthemostsuitablechoicetotakemyplaceonnextSunday.ShebeguntolearnpaintingsatanearlyageandhasgoodknowledgeoftraditionalChinesepaintings.However,heractivepersonalityandperfectspeakingEnglishwillhelpmakeyouractivityasuccess.Sorryagainforanyinconvenientcausedbymyabsenceandallthebestwishestoyou.【答案】DearPaul,Ireallycan?tthankyoueq\o(very,\s\do10(too))muchforyourinvitation.Idowanttoaccepteq\o(them,\s\do10(it))andtakethisopportunitytointroducetraditionalChinesepaintingstoforeignfriends,butI?msorrytoinformyouthatIcan?t.Thereasoniseq\o(because,\s\do10(that))IambusypreparingmyselfforthecomingCollegeEntranceExamination.Asfortheintroductionspeech,IstronglyrecommendmyfriendAnna,eq\o(that,\s\do10(who))isthemostsuitablechoicetotakemyplaceonnextSunday.Sheeq\o(begun,\s\do10(began))tolearnpaintingsatanearlyageandhaseq\o(∧,\s\do10(a))goodknowledgeoftraditionalChinesepaintings.eq\o(However,\s\do10(Besides/Moreover/Additionally))，heractivepersonalityandperfecteq\o(speaking,\s\do10(spoken))Englishwillhelpmakeyouractivityasuccess.Sorryagainforanyeq\o(inconvenient,\s\do10(inconvenience))causedbymyabsenceanda