第#頁共6頁限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句一、 定語的概念：左語通常由形容詞來擔任，起限定和修飾名詞或代詞的作用。二Sheisabeautifulgirl.（beautifiil是龍i吾）二、 定語從句的概念：由一個句子來擔任徒語的功能，相當于一個形容詞，用來限左和修飾名詞或代詞。二Sheisagirlwhoisbeautifiil.（whoisbeautifiil這整個句子做定語）三、 定語從句中的概念例：Thisisailoldcomputer.Itworksmuchslower.（這是兩個簡單句，其中后一句中的”代替anoldcomputer）—*Thisisanoldcomputerwliiclvthatworksmuchslowe匚（這是一個復合句,whicWthat代替anoldcomputer引導龍語從句）TheCDisverygood.IbouglittheCD.—>TlieCDthat/whichIbouglitisverygood.Thisisthelious巴Welivedintliehousetwoyearsago.—*Thisisthehousewherewelivedtwoyearsago.先行詞：是被定語從句所修飾的輕詞或代詞關系詞：引導左語從句的詞A關系詞主要起三個作用：1?代替先行詞2?在左語從句中作句子成分引導從句3?把從句和主句連接起來定語從句的分類：限制性宦語從句和非限制性圧語從句限制性定語從句與非限制性定語從句的區(qū)別：限制性泄語從句非限制性定語從句形式上不用逗號和主句隔開用逗號和主句隔開意義上是先行詞不可缺少的泄語，去掉后句意不完整是對先行詞的補充說明，刪除后句子意思仍完整譯法上翻譯成先行詞的建語，“……的……”通常翻譯成主句的并列句先行詞只能是名詞或代詞可以是名詞或代詞，也可以是短語或句子關系詞A.作賓語時可省略；B?可用that;可用who代替whom;可用why不可??；不用that;不用who代替whom;why要換為forwhich形式不同:限制性龍語從句緊跟先行詞，與先行詞之間一般不加逗號?，僅修飾先行詞。非限制性左語從句僅作為補充或說明，用逗號與主句隔開，既可修飾先行詞，又可修飾整個句子。Eg:Thisisthehousewhichweboughtlastmonth.（限制性）Tliehouse,whichwebouglitlastmonth,isverynice.（非限制性）功能不同：限左性左語從句用于對先行詞的意義進行修飾、限制和識別，如果去掉，就會造成包意丕籠整或概念丕漬??！窍薅ㄐ远ㄕZ從句與先行詞關系不失分密切，只是對于其做一些附加說明，不起限泄制約作用。如果將非限從性定語從句省略，主旬旳意乂仍悠定整。Eg:①Peoplewhotakephysicalexerciselivelonger.（若把從句去掉句子就失去意義。）②Hisdaughter,whoisinBostonnow,iscominghomenextweek.（若把從句去掉，句子意義仍然完整。）翻譯不同：在翻譯左語從句時，一般把限泄性左語從句翻譯在它所修飾的先行詞前面，而把非限定性語從句與主句分開。翻譯下列句子，注意體會限制性立語從句和非限制性泄語從句在表達意義上的區(qū)別。Hehasabrotherwhoisaphysicist.他有一個當醫(yī)生的兄弟。（不止一個兄弟，其中一個是醫(yī)生）Hehasabrother,whoisaphysicist.他有一個兄弟，是個醫(yī)生。（只有一個兄弟）HereturnedallthebookswhicharewritteninEnglish.他把所有的英文書都歸還了。（還有別的書沒歸還）Hereturnedallthebooks,whicharewritteninEnglish.他把所有的書都歸還了:這些書都是英文書。*想一想：為什么當先行詞是專有乞詞或由物主代詞和指示代詞所修飾時，其后的左語從句通常是非限制性的？【隨即隨練】翻譯下列句子1?Themanwholivesnextdoorisadoctor.住在我隔壁的那個人是個醫(yī)生。Mysister,wholivesnextdoor,isadoctor.我姐姐是個醫(yī)生，住在我的隔壁。InourschoolthereareeightforeignteacherswhocomefromAustralia?我們學校有八位來自澳大利亞的外籍教師。Inourschoolthereareeightforeignteachers,whocomefromAustralia?我們學校共有八位外籍教師，他們來自澳大利亞。關系詞的使用情況有所不同?關系代詞:which,that,who,whom,whose?關系副詞：when,where,why▼限制性立語從句和非限制性立語從句中關系代詞的使用對比表:限制性立語從句代抬人代指物作主語who,thatthat,which作賓語who,whom,thatj可省略）which,that（可省略）作定語whosewhose非限制性上語從句代指人代指物作主語whowhich作賓語whom（不叫省略）which（不可省略）作定語whosewhose（1）關系代詞使用情況不冋例］.ThisisthegirlwhomImetinthestreet.例2.Ayoungmanhadanewgirlfriend.whomhewantedtoimpress?1） 指人時，作賓語，在限制性泄語從句中，Who可用，但在非限制性圧語從句中who不可用。判斷以上兩個例句哪個可以用Who2） that不可以用于引導非限制性圧語從句（同上判斷）3） 關系代詞省略情況不同（判斷）【牛刀小試】在下列橫線上填入適當的關系代詞1?TheisthebookwhosecoverisblueThewomanwho/whom/thatwctalkedaboutismysister.Thehouse,which weboughtlastmonth,isverynice?Acompanywhose profitsfromhomemarketsaredecliningmayseekopportunity.Themanwho/that livesnextdoorisadoctor.Hersisterhasbecomealawyer,which shewantedtobe.Hemetwithaprettygirlinthepark.whom hefellinloveatfirstsight.Hehasabrother,who isaphysicist.（2）關系副詞有when,where,why三個，在怎語從句中一般做狀語

例l.Wc'llgraduateinJulywhenwewillbefree.（限制性）We'llgraduateinJuly,whenwewillbefree.（非限制性）LastSundaytheyreachedNanjingwhereaconferencetobeheld.（限制性）LastSundaytheyreachedNanjing,whereaconferencetobeheld.（非限制性）didn'tknowthereasonwhyhewaslate.（限制性）?在非限制性定語從句中不能用why【隨即隨練】在下列橫線上填入適當的關系副詞1.Therainbowcan'tbeseenatnoon,whenthesunishighinthesky.Weplayedinthegardentillsunset,when isbegantorain.walkeduptothetopofthehillwithmyfriends,where weenjoyedasplendidviewofthelake?4.F11giveyoumyfriend'saddress,whereIcanbereachedmostevenings?hadtoldthemthereasonwhyIdidiVtattendthemeeting.先行詞不同：限制性左語從句中的先行詞只能是名詞或代詞。在非限制性泄語從句中，關系詞壘1也可指代整個主句。如：—>Thebookthat/whichIboughtisveryinteresting,（that/which指thebook）—>Hereturnedallthebooks,whicharewritteninEnglish?（which指allthebooks）—>Petcrdrovetoofast,whichwasdangerous.（which指整個主句）—>Hechangedhismind,whichmademeveryangry.（which指整個主句）【隨堂練習】一、單項選擇FvebecomegoodfriendswithseveralofdiestudentsinmyschoolAImetintheEnglishspeechcontestlastyear?A.who B.where C.when D.whichTheoldtownhasnarrowstreetsandsmallhousesDarebuiltclosetoeachother.A.they B.where C.what D.thatAlltheneighborsadmirethisfamily,Btheparentsaretreatingtheirchildasafriend.A.why B.where C.which D.thatThevisitorDpassportwasstolenwasonhiswaytotheUS.A.which B.that C.who D.whoseD.thatEveryonehasperiodsintheirlivesAeverythingseemsveryhard.A.when B.where C.whichD.that6?Wc'llreachthesalestargetsinamonthAwesetatthebeginningoftheyear.A.which B.where C.when D.what把下而的幾個簡單句合并為一個復合句：Heisayoungman.Hisparentsarebothdoctors.Heisayoungmanwhoseparentsarebothdoctors?Thisisaboy.Heisveryrclever.Thisisaboywho/thatisveryclever.Ningboisabeautifulcity.SomefamousfilmstarshavebeentoNingbo.Ningbothat/whichsomefamousfilmstarshavebeentoisabeautifulcity.Mr.smithhasmanyfriends.Thesefriendscamefromallovertheworld?Mr.smithhasmanyfriendsthat/whichcamefromallovertheworld?Thisisafactory.Myparentsworkinthisfactory.Thisisafactorywheremyparentswork.【課后練習】一、單項選擇Aftergraduatingfromcollege,Itooksometimeofftogotrave1ing,Bturnedouttobeawisedecision?A.that B.which C.when D.whereWomen drinkmorethantwocupsofcoffeeadayhaveagreaterchanceofhavingheartdiseasethanthose don't.A.who;不填 B.不填：who C.whoiwho D.不填：不填Ellenwasapainterofbirdsandofnature.B,forsomereason,hadwithdrawnfromallhumansociety.A.which B.who C.where D.whomSalesdirectorisapositionDcommunicationabilityisjustasimportantassalesskills?A.which B.that C.when D.whereBetweenthetwopartsoftheconcertisaninterval, Alheaudiencecanbuyice-cream..A.when B.where C.that D.whichTheexactyearDAngelaandherfamilyspenttogetherinChinawas2008.A.when B.where C.why D.whichNowadayspeoplearemoreconcernedabouttheenvironmentD theylive?A.what B.which C.when D.whereThebookhashelpedmegreatlyinmydailycommunication,especiallyatworkDagocxlimpressionisamust.A.which B.when C.as D.whereManychildren.Bparentsareawayworkinginabigcities,aretakengoodcareofinthevillage?A.their B.whose C.ofthem D.withwhomUntilnow,wehaveraised50000poundsforthepoorchildren. Bisquiteunexpected?A.that B.which C.who D.it11.Thebooktellsstoriesoftheearthquakethro