定語從句定語從句定義關(guān)系詞：引導(dǎo)定語從句的詞。它有三個作用先行詞：定語從句所修飾的名詞或代詞在句子中作定語的從句連接主從句

代替先行詞充當(dāng)從句句子成分Review定義和要素關(guān)系詞1.關(guān)系代詞（主、賓、表）2.關(guān)系副詞（狀語）:whenwherewhy指人：who，whom指物:which3.指人和物：that，whose（定語）1）先行詞指物時只用that引導(dǎo)的定語從句。

①當(dāng)先行詞是不定代詞all,much,something,anything,nothing,everything,none等。

1.Isthereanything

(that)

Icandoforyou?2.I’lllendyou

some

books

that

areinteresting.②當(dāng)先行詞前面被theonly,thevery/theright(恰恰，正好)等詞修飾時。Theonlything

(that)

wecandoistogiveyousomemoney.關(guān)系代詞that與which的用法區(qū)別③當(dāng)先行詞是形容詞最高級或先行詞的前面有形容詞最高級修飾時。Thisisthebestthathasbeenusedagainstpollution.

Thisisthemostinterestingfilm

(that)I'veeverseen.④當(dāng)先行詞是序數(shù)詞或它前面有序數(shù)詞修飾時。WhatisthefirstAmericanfilm(that)youhaveseen?⑤當(dāng)先行詞既有人又有物時。Doyouknowthethingsandpersons(that)theyaretalkingabout？⑥當(dāng)主句的主語是疑問詞who或which時。Whichisthebike(that)youlost?Whoistheboythatwonthegoldmedal?(2)只用which而不用that引導(dǎo)的定語從句

①非限制性定語從句只用which而不能用that。Hewroteabook,______isonhowtolearnEnglishwell.

非限制性定語從句Hewroteabook

which/that

isonhowtolearnEnglishwell.

限制性定語從句②跟在介詞后，只用which，whom而不用that。Thisistheplacein______LuXunusedtolive.

whichwhichwhose

是“誰的”?

Theteacherpraisedthestudent.HisEnglishisthebestinourclass.TheteacherpraisedthestudentwhoseEnglishisthebestinourclass.whose=thestudent’s關(guān)系詞whose實(shí)際上是先行詞的所有格Thehouseismine.Thewindowofthehouseisbroken.Jointhefollowingpairofsentences.1)Thehousewhosewindowisbrokenismine.

=

whose2)Thehouseismine.thewindowofwhichisbrokenofwhichthewindowisbrokenthehouse’s關(guān)系副詞:where,when,why1.作時間狀語：when=in/at/on/duringwhich作地點(diǎn)狀語：where=at/in/onwhich作原因狀語：why=forwhich注：作主語或賓語，只能用which/that。2.當(dāng)先行詞為一些表示抽象地點(diǎn)的名詞，如：point,situation,case,stage等，如果引導(dǎo)詞在從句中作狀語，常用關(guān)系副詞where引導(dǎo)定語從句，如果不作狀語，則用which/that.Thisistheplace

whereheworks.Thisistheplace

which/thatwevisitedlastyear.Thatwasthetime

when

hearrived.Doyoustillrememberthetime

that/whichwespenttogether?Thisisthereason_____(=forwhich)Ididn’tcomehere.Thereason__________shegavewasnottrue.whywhich/that定語從句難點(diǎn)復(fù)習(xí)DifficultiesontheAttributiveClause

一、定語從句的位置1.ThedaycameatlastwhenIwenttocollege.2.Helaughsbestwholaughslast.3.Heistheonlyoneoftheteacherswho_____fromBeijing.4.Asweallknow,Tomisagoodboy.

定語從句并不一定直接放在先行詞的后面,因此要根據(jù)句意來判斷誰是先行詞.comes二、關(guān)系詞和先行詞的關(guān)系A(chǔ)planeisamachinethat

canfly.

2.TheboywhobrokethewindowiscalledTom.3.TheschoolwhereIstudyisfarfrommyhome.that=

themachinewho=theboywhere=intheschool*關(guān)系代詞實(shí)際上是先行詞的代指*關(guān)系副詞實(shí)際上是介詞＋先行詞1.I’llneverforgetthedays____________weworkedtogether.2.I’llneverforgetthedays___________wespenttogether.

3.Iwenttotheplace

Iworkedtenyearsago.4.Iwenttotheplace_____________Ivisitedtenyearsago.

5.Thisisthereason_____________________hewaslate.6.Thisisthereason_____________________hegave.whenWhich/thatwhere/inwhichwhich/thatwhythat/which三、關(guān)系副詞、關(guān)系代詞的易混情況及物動詞及物動詞及物動詞注:若從句中缺少句子主語或賓語時,用關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo);若從句中缺少狀語時,要用關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)./inwhich/forwhich()()()

四、“介詞＋關(guān)系代詞”的情況1.“介詞＋關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)定語從句時，關(guān)系代詞只能用which(物)或whom(人)1)Thisistheschoolinwhichyouwillstudy.2)IhavenomoneywithwhichIcanbuyadictionary.3)Thisistheteacherfromwhomyou’lllearnEnglish.4)Thegentlemanaboutwhomyoutoldmejustnowprovedtobeathief.Thisisthemanagerinwhosecompanymyfatherworks.Thestudentsclimbedupthehill,onwhosetoptheymadecampandhadapicnic.IwishtothankProfessorSmith,withoutwhosehelpIwouldneverhavegotthisfar.whose也可以放在介詞后，即“介詞＋whose+n.”1.與先行詞的搭配關(guān)系1）Iwillneverforgettheday_______I

joinedthearmy.2)Iwillneverforgetthedays___Iworkedintheschool.3)Iwillneverforgettheyear___myson

wenttocollege.4)Iwillneverforgettheschool____Istudied.5)Hecametoafarm,_____hefinallysettled(安頓).onwhichduringwhichinwhichinwhichonwhich介詞的選用至少要考慮以下的三個因素2.與從句中謂語動詞的固定搭配1）Haveyoufoundthebook___Ipaid$29?Haveyoufoundthebook___Ispent$29?Haveyoufoundthebook___welearntalot?Doyouknowtheman____sheoftentalks?

Thisistheboy_____Itakepride.forwhichonwhichfromwhichaboutwhominwhom3.根據(jù)句子意思Ibrokemyglasses,__________whichIcan’tseeclearly.withoutIsthisthewatchthatyouarelookingfor?TheoldmanwhomIamlookingafterisbetter.在固定短語中,如：lookfor,listento,lookat,takecareof,breakinto,careabout等介詞不能提前下面兩句中的介詞能提前嗎?

表示“整體和部分關(guān)系”，介詞常用of，常見結(jié)構(gòu):1）在some,any,few,little,none,all,both,neither,many,many,most,each等代詞或數(shù)詞的前/后可以用ofwhich/whom.2）the+比較級/最高級前/后用ofwhich/whom等Johninvitedabout40peopletohiswedding,mostofwhomarefamilymembers.RecentlyIboughtsomeancientvases,themostexpensive

ofwhichwasveryreasonable.1.

Hebuiltatelescope

hecouldstudytheskies.2.Thereisatalltreeoutside,

standsourteacher.3.

Chinahasalotofrivers,thesecondlongest________istheYellowRiver.4.Thetower____________peoplecanhaveagoodviewisonthehill.5.Theman________Ispokeonthephonelastnightisverygoodatwrestling.6.Hepaidtheboy$10forwashingtenwindows,most_________hadn’tbeencleanedforatleastayear.throughwhichunderwhichofwhichfromwhichtowhomofwhichPractice五、as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句1.Theearthisround._____isknowntoall.2.Theearthisround,_____isknowntoall.3._____isknowntoall,theearthisround4.______isknowntoallthat

theearthisround.Itwhich/as

AsItas具有正如之意，與之搭配的動詞一般是固定的，如：asyouknow/asyousee/asweplanned/asweexpectedThisissuchaninterestingbook____wealllike.Thisissointerestingabook_____wealllike.Thisissuchaninterestingbook____wealllikeit.Thisissointerestingabook____wealllikeit.asthatas引導(dǎo)的定語從句與結(jié)果狀語從句的區(qū)別asthat這是大家都喜歡的如此有趣的一本書。這本書如此有趣，大家都喜歡。(結(jié)果狀語從句)(定語從句)as引導(dǎo)的非限定性從句:

1.

_______isknowntousall,Chinaisadevelopingcountry.what引導(dǎo)的主語從句：2._______isknowntousallisthatChinaisadevelopingcountry.it做形式主語時的主語

從句：3._______isknowntousallthatChinaisdevelopingcountry.AsWhatItas引導(dǎo)的定語從句與what/it引導(dǎo)的主語從句的區(qū)別六、定語從句和并列句的比較2.Hefailedintheexam._______madehisparentsangry.3.Hefailedintheexam,_______madehisparentsangry.4.Hehastwosons.Bothof________areteachers.5.Hehastwosons,bothof________areteachers.6.Hehastwosons,andbothof________areteachers.提示：Thiswhichwhomthem1.IamreadingHarryPorter,_____isaninterestingbook.whichthem做題時要看清句子的結(jié)構(gòu),判斷句子是單句、并列句還是主從復(fù)合句。1.Itisthehouse_________hewasborn.2.Itisinthehouse________hewasborn.3.Itisfromthislibrary_________Iborrowedthebook.4.---WheredidyoulastseeMr.Smith?---Itwasinthelibrary_______Istudied.5.Coulditbeintherestaurant_______youhaddinnerwithmeyesterday______youlostyourhandbag?wherethatthatwherewherethat七、定語從句和強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的區(qū)分

方法：去掉引導(dǎo)詞，劃分句子成分，成分完整、句意完整是強(qiáng)調(diào)句（指物用that，指人用that或who)，反之則是定語從句1.Whenyoureadbooks,youhadbettermakeamark_________youhaveanyquestions.2.Whenyoureadbooks,youhadbettermakeamarkatthespot_________youhaveanyquestions.wherewhere八、定語從句與狀語從句的誤判

1.

There’safeelinginme_______wewillneverknowwhataUFOis—notever.2.Wedon’tbelieveinthenews_______hetoldusyesterday.3.Hetoldusthenews_________ourteamhadwonthegame.thatwhich/thatthat九、that引導(dǎo)的限制性定語從句與同位語從句的區(qū)別

方法：去掉引導(dǎo)詞，劃分句子成分，成分完整、句意完整是同位語從句，反之則是定語從句；定語從句起到修飾限定先行詞的作用，而同位語從句是對名詞的內(nèi)容進(jìn)行解釋說明1.Theway_______________heexplainedtouswasquitesimple.2.Idisliketheway_____________hetalkstohismother.3.Haveyouaskedherforthereason______________mayexplainherabsence？

4.Idon’tbelievethereason_______________hehasgivenforhisbeinglate.5.Thereason___________youwerelateforschooldidnotmakeanysense.that/inwhich/省略that/whichthat/whichthat/whichwhy十、在先行詞way和reason后錯用關(guān)系詞。

way作先行詞:定語從句缺少主語或賓語，用which/that；缺狀語，用inwhich/that/省略。reason作先行詞:定語從句缺少主語或賓語，用which/that；缺狀語，用why。(1)Thisisoneoftheroomsthat________(be)damagedinthefire.Thisistheonlyoneoftheroomsthat_______(be)damagedinthefire.(2)TheuniversityinFrancethatIamapplyingfor_______(have)itsownrequirement.werewashas十一、定語從句中主謂一致定語從句謂語動詞的形式由先行詞決定。定語從句在語法填空、

短文改錯和寫作中的應(yīng)用

語法填空1.Thisistheplace_______heworks.Thisistheplace_______wevisitedlastyear.2.Chan'srestaurantonBakerStreet,________usedtobepoorlyrun,isnowasuccessfulbusiness.3.Alltheneighborsadmirehisfamily,_______theparentsaretreatingtheirchildlikeafriend.wherewhichwhichwhere1.找出主句、從句2.判斷從句是否完整3.完整，填關(guān)系副詞“3wh”不完整，填關(guān)系代詞指人填who/whom/that/as指物填which/that/as4.SomepeoplethinkthatthegreatChinesescholarConfucius,________livefromroughly551to479B.C.,influencedthedevelpmentofchopsticks.5.______isknowntoall,themoontravelsroundtheearthonceeverymonth6.Ilivenextdoortoacouple________childrenoftenmakealotofnoise.7.Frompracticewecanlearnmuch_______cannotbelearnedfrombooks.8.Thereisn'tamoment_________I'mnotthinkingofyou.whoAswhosethatwhen改錯：1.看形式2.看關(guān)系詞1.Havingteainthelateafternoonprovidesabridgebetweenlunchanddinner,thatmightnotbeserveduntil8o'clockatnight.【答案】that改為which2.Thebook,ofwhosethecoverisbrokenisofgreathelptoallofus.在定語從句中，關(guān)系代詞which在從句中常作主語或賓語，也可做定語而whose只能做定語“whose+n.”相當(dāng)于”the+n.+ofwhich”或“ofwhich+the+n.”拆分：Thebookisofgreathelp.Thecoverofthebookisbroken.或Itscoverisbroken.【答案】whose改為which3.However,thenumberofstudentswhoenjoyreadingpopularsciencearticlesdoublesthatofthosewhichpreferreadingarticalsaboutlearningmethods.

4.Runningmanissucharealityshowthathasthegravitytopullyouinfrontofyourtelevision.4.that→as3.which→who5.Inourclassthereare45students,halfofthemwearglasses.6.Theyalsohadasmallpondwhichtheyraisedfish.

7.Aroundmeinthepicturearethethingstheywereveryimportantinmylifeatthattime:carmagazinesandmusicalinstruments.7.they→that/which

6.which→where或which前加in5.them→whomThegirllikes

reading.Sheisagirl

.她是一個愛讀書的女孩。Sheisagirl.who/that寫-找-換-連寫作

Iboughtityesterday.Thisisabook

.這是一本我昨天買的書。Thisisabook.(which/that)寫-找-換-連主--------謂--------賓HermotherisanEnglishteacherIknowthegirl