2021屆高考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解題型精準(zhǔn)練—觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題

Itwouldnotbeanoverstatementtosaythatsaltisoneofthegreatestdiscoveriesinthe

historyofmankind.Justimaginehowtastelessourfoodwouldhavebeenhadsaltnotbeen

discovered.Apart,fromaddingflavortoourfood,itisalsoanessentialingredientforthehealthof

bothmanaswellasanimals,provideditistakenintherightquantities.Saltisalsousedbythe

foodprocessingandmeatpackingindustriesasaseasoningorpreservativeingredient.

Salthasalwaysbeenhelpfulinthebuildingofcommunitiesandsocieties,asmannormally

builthissettlementsaroundthesourcesofsalt.Atonepointoftime,saltwasalsousedasa

currency.Today,therearemanycountriesaroundtheworldthatareworkinghardtoextract（提

煉）sailsothatwecanenjoyourfoodtothefullest.Someoftheseareproducingenoughsaltto

satisfytherequirementoftheentireworld,whileothersareproducingjustenoughtosupporttheir

ownpeople.

AccordingtotheBritishGeologicalSurvey,Chinaisthetopsaltproducerintheworld.The

UnitedStatesofAmericaoccupiesthesecondposition,andIndia,finishingadistantthird.Other

countriesthat,madeitamongthetoptensaltproducingnations*listwereCanada,Australia,

Germany,Mexico,Chile,FranceandtheNetherlands.

Countriesthatproducedmorethan1milliontonsofsaltin2017includedPeru,Bangladesh,

Thailand,Brazil,SaudiArabia,Pakistan,Romania,Egypt,Poland,andtheUnitedKingdom,to

nameafew.RankedatthebottomofthelistweretheAfricannationsofMauritaniaand

Djibouti.So,thenexttimeyoutakeyourmealandaddapinchofsalttomakeitmoredelicious,do

shareathoughtforthenumeroussaltworkersaroundtheworldduetowhomourfoodtastesso

perfect.

4.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardthosewhoproducesalt?

A.Regretful.B.Grateful.C.Doubtful.D.Faithful.

Amazonwantstobeabletoanswerthetroublesomequestion:DidIleavethestoveon?The

latesthomesecuritytoolbyRing,ahomesecuritycompanyownedbyAmazon,istheAlways

HomeCam,aflyingdronethatcanhelphomeownerschecktheirapartmentswheneverthey7re

notin.

TheAlwaysHomeCamisalightweight,self-docking,flyingindoorcamerathatcantakea

predeterminedpathsetbyitsuser.WhenusedwithRing'sproprietaryhomealarmssystemslike

theRingAlarm,theAlwaysHomeCamwilltakeflightandcheckthehouseforanypotential

disturbancesThedroneunitcanalsobecontrolledremotelyandmanually.AfteraFlight,the

AlwaysHomeCamautomaticallyreturnstoitsstationitselfforcharging.Itonlyrecordswhilein

flight,too.

Youcanaskittoflytocheckthestovewhileyou'reout.ortoseeifyouleftthewindows

open.Ifsalsogreatforcheckingonnaughtypets.Thedronehasobstacleavoidancetechnology

built-in,andhiddenpropellers（螺旋獎(jiǎng)）tomitigateanydamagetohouseholdfurnishinginthe

eventofacollision.Amazonsaysthedronewillautomaticallytakeflightifthere'smovementin

thehousetoshowyouwhat'sgoingon.

ThedevicewasoneofseveralthatAmazonunveiledThursdayaspartofitsannual

applianceevent.Duetothepandemic,thisyear'sversionwasheldonlineinsteadofatAmazon's

Seattleheadquarters.

Theindoorflyingcamera,calledtheRingAlwaysHomeCam,stillneedsapprovalfromthe

U.S.FederalCommunicationsCommission,butAmazonsaiditexpectstosellitnextyearat$250.

ItwillalsolaunchacameraandalarmsystemforcarsnextyearunderitsRingbrand.

CriticshaveraisedprivacyconcernsaboutRing,whichisbestknownforitsdoorbell

cameras,citingthecompanyAcloserelationshipwithpolicedepartments.Amazonsaidthedrone

onlyrecordswhenitisintheair,andthatitmakesasoundwhenitfliessoanypeopleinthe

houseknowsitsrecording.

4.What'stheauthor'sattitudetowardstheAlwaysHomeCam?

A.favorableB.criticalC.doubtfulD.objective

TheeasternSiberianlandscapeisnotnormallylikehell.Inwinteritisblanketedinsnow:in

summer,itsforestsarelush（蒼翠繁茂的）.Thisyear,however,theregionisonfire,asarelarge

partsoftheArcticCircle.

ThefiresbeganinJune,causedbyanextremelyhotanddryearlysummer.Itwasthehottest

Juneonrecordglobally.Intheregionsthatareburning,temperaturespeakedat8-10℃warmer

thantheaveragefrom1981to2010.Thishasdriedoutthelandscape,producingtinder（易燃

物）fornaturalforestfires.

Sofar,hundredsofabove-groundfireshavebeenrecordedbysatellitesintheArcticand

sub-Arctic.ItisestimatedthatfireswithintheArcticCirclehaveproducedmorethan100m

tonnesofcarbondioxideinayear.Thatisalot.Butburntvegetationcanregrowwithinadecade,

andindoingsoreabsorbsmuchofthereleasedcarbondioxide.Itiswhatishappeningbelow

groundthatmostworriesecologistsandclimatescientists.

GlobalwarmingwillmeltArcticpermafrost（永久凍土）,releasinglargeamountsofstored

greenhousegases.Butiffiresintheregionbecomemorecommon,thatcouldhaveevenbigger

consequences.Wildfireswillreleasemuchfasterandbiggeramountsofcarbon,ratherthan

meltingpermafrost.Thefiresalsoproduceblackcarbonwhich,ifdroppedontheArcticseaiceby

favourablewinds,willdarkenitssurface,makingitmorelikelytoabsorbsunlightandmelt.This

decreasesthereflectivityoftheregionandfurtherincreasesArcticwarming.

SmogfromthefiresisblanketingmuchofSiberia."WhatisscaryabouttheArcticfiresis

thattheyaredrivenbyclimatechange,andthere'sverylittleyoucando,“saysThomasSmith.

Fewnaturalfiresthisbighaveeverbeensuccessfullymanaged.Theonlywaytodealwiththe

spreadofthesefiresistoslowtherateofglobalwarming.Don'tholdyourbreath.

4.Whichwordbestdescribestheauthor'sattitudetowardtheArcticfires?

A.Objective.B.Indifferent.C.Optimistic.D.Worried.

Ifyou'veeverpassedthecockpit（駕駛艙）whileboardingaflightandtriedtopickupbits

fromyourpilots'conversation,youprobablydidn'tunderstandmuchofthem.Dotheywantto

keepsomethinginthedark?Fortermslike"niner"to"Zulu",pilot-speakmaysoundlikeallGreek

toyou.Butinthisway,whathappenstopilotscanbeexpressedclearlyandbriefly.Thafswhyit

iswell-recognizedinthisindustry.

Pan-pan.Airlinepassengerslikelywon'teverheartheirpilotusethisterm,whichis

reservedforcommunicationwithairtrafficcontrollers.Whenpilotsnoticesomethingunusual

withtheiraircraftthatstopsshortofanimmediateemergency,theyuse"pan-pan”.Forexample,if

oneofamulti-engineaircraft'senginehasfailed,pilotsmightsaynpan-panHtogetcontrollers5

attentionandrequestanemergencylanding.

Georgeisflyingtheplanenow.Thereisa“George"onnearlyeverycommercialaircraft.

PilotsoftenallocateGeorgetocommandtheplanewhenitreachescruising（巡航）altitudeorwhen

they*veflownfbrmorethan10hours,whenthey'rerequiredtorestaccordingtorulesfor

two-pilotplanes.

We'reflyingthroughanairpocket."Airpocket11isamoreacceptableexpressionforthe

word"turbulence",asuddenandviolentchangesinthedirectionthatairismovingin.Thisterm

mighteasethesuddenandstrongimpactonearsandcauseslesspanicamongpassengersinan

emergency.

Thereare155soulsonboard.Thenumberof"souls"onanaircraftreferstothetotalliving

bodiesontheplane,includingeverypassenger,pilot,flightattendantandcrewmember.Pilots

reportthenumberof"souls"onlywhendeclaringanemergencytoavoidconfusionbetweenthe

numberofpassengersandthenumberofthecrew.

"Alotofthewayswesaythingstobemeaningfultootherpilotsiskindofmonkey-see,

monkey-do,"saysFerdiMack,seniormanageratthePilotInformationCenter.nButthemost

importantpartofthechallengeisthatasmoothflightcanbethusensured.M

4.HowdoesFerdifeelaboutpilot-speak?

A.Doubtful.B.Ridiculous.C.Objective.D.Favorable.

Ididn'tunderstandtheirony（諷刺）immediately.Onlyonthewayhome.ThebookIhadjust

returnedtoourlocallibrarywascalled“UnquietLandscape,byChristopherNeve.Hewidened

myview.

Buttheironicwordfbrmeinhisbook'stitle,Irealized,was“unquiet”.Itappliednottothe

landscapebuttoourlocallibrary.Ihavethusvisiteditagainsincethen,andmyconclusionis

muchthesame:Thisisnolongeraquietplace.

Onbothofmyvisitsthelibrarywaspackedwithsmallchildrenandtheyweredoingrather

alotofsmall-childrenthings,suchasdancingincircles,singingjumpingupanddown,andsoon.

Variousadultssittingaroundwereclearlynotdiscouragingthemrathertheopposite.

Iwasn'texactlyshocked.ButIhavetosaythatmyunderstandingoflibrarybehaviorand

purposechangedsomewhat.Allmyupbringing（教養(yǎng)）aboutlibrarieswasthattheywere

sanctums（圣地）,placesofescapeinanoisyworld.Ifonesomuchasclearedone'sthroatina

library,onewaslikelytobestaredatbythelibrarians------nottomentiontoleratingthe

disapprovaloffellowlibraryusersenjoyingtheirpost-lunchnap（午睡）.ThefirstschoolI

attendedhadalibrarythatwasentirelyconventionalinfunction.Init,weboysdid（orwere

expectedtodo）onethingonlyread.ThesecondschoolIattendedallowedonetowriteaswellas

readinthelibrary.

Sincethosedays,myattitude,!hope,haschangedalittle.I'vecomeacrosssomeverypleasant

librarianseagertohelpwithmyprojects.Someofthemaresurprisinglygenerouswithproviding

accesstotheirbooks,whichareasdeartothemastheirownchildren.Andthesilencerule

has,overtheyears,becomemuchlessstrict.Evenquiteloudlaughter,!find,isnotalwaysfrowned

upon.

4.What*stheauthor'sattitudetolibrariansnowadays?

A.Positive.B.Disappointed.C.Unconcerned.D.Worried.

Overtheyears,thesmallVermilionHeritageMuseuminAlberta,Canada,triedeverything

initspowertounlockanoldsafe（保險(xiǎn)箱）initsbasement.Themuseumhiredblacksmiths,called

themanufacturer,contactedformeremployeesandchallengedvisitorstoplayaroundwiththesafe

—butnobodyhadanysuccess.

Untillastmonth,whenavisitortoVermilioncrackedthecode（密碼）onhisfirsttry,much

totheastonishmentofeveryonepresent.

StephenMills,fromFortMcMurray,Alberta,wasonafamilycampingtripwithhiswife

andhistwochildren.AftergivingtheMills*familyatourofthewholebuilding,themuseum

volunteershowedthemtheobjectsinthebasement,includingthemysterioussafe.

Itoriginallyhadbelongedtothetown'sBrunswickHotelwhichopenedintheearly1900s.

Whenthehotelshutdowninthelate1970s,thesafewaslocked—andsoithadremained.

uItwaslikeatimecapsule,nobodyhadanyideaofwhatwasinthere/'saidMills.

Likeothervisitors,Millswasofferedthechancetotakeacrackatopeningit.

nJustlikeyouseeinthemovies,"hesaid,"IlookedatthedialandIsawthenumberswere

runningfrom0to60.SoIthoughtinmyhead20-40-60.1didaparticularcombinationwhichis

threeontheright,twoontheleft,andoneontheright,triedthehandle...anditopened!0

"Itwasa100guess,'1hesaid."Iwasfullyamazed.Isteppedbackalittlebitandthought,

Tmbuyingalotterytickettonight!*"

Thecontentsofthesafeprovedalittledisappointing.

"Unfortunately,therewasn'twhatwethoughtwasthere,"Millssaid."Somepapers,old

checks,awaitress1notebook,andareceiptfromthehotel.That'sit."

Nonetheless,Millssaideveryonewasexcitedabouttheluckyguess.nMychildrenkept

screaming'Webeatthecode!Webeatthecode!'"hesaid.

3.WhatdidMillsthinkofthecontentsofthesafe?

A.Exciting.B.Unexpected.C.Impressive.D.Valuable.

Iwantedachangeofpace,abreakfromroutine.Thepastfewyearsfoundmeworkinglong

hoursatmymarketingjobwhilemyhusband,Steven,putinequallyfulldaysasaphysicstutor.

Wewerebothburnedoutfromtheconstantboredom.

Vacationexperiencesatfirstglanceseemalittledifficultforus.Howdoyoufindcomfortin

anever-changingenvironment?AndI,someonewhoenjoysmoreplannedfun,hadtoadapt.

ButIwassurprisedathoweasilyIwasabletoadapttoanewmodeofoperation,amore

relaxedversionofmyselfwhowasn'tworriedwherewe'dparkandsleepeachnight.Thefactthat

webothbecamesoaccustomedtosleepinginthebackofacargovanisanothersurprisewe

experiencedonthisjourney.Thevanwasourmaintransportationand,withafull-sizebedinthe

back,italsoprovideduswithabitofcomfortthatmadeuscontinue.Atfirst,everysoundoutside

wasforeign,andwebothtooklongertofall-andstay-asleep.But,afteracoupleofweeksintovan

life,weletthesoundsfadeintosoftbackgroundmusic.

Overthecourseofourseven-monthtrip,oneofourbiggoalswastocomeawayfromeach

parkwithonespectacularimage.Thatsharedgoalplacedusonthesameteam:Itbroughtus

together,evenmorethanbefore,gaveusmoretotalkabout,andencouragedustomotivateeach

otheralongtheway.

Bythispoint,you'reprobablywonderinghowwepaidforallofthis,ormaybeyou're

assumingwecomefromwealthybackgrounds.Thetruthis,weactuallymanagedthisentire

adventureonamiddle-classbudget.Stevendidpart-timeremoteworkabout10hoursperweek

forhisemployerfromtheroad.Iendedupfindingsometemporaryjobsthroughthetrip.Wealso

continuedourphotographybusiness,settingupanonlineshoptosellourlandscapes.

Weonlyvisitedsomeparksinthe48states.Andtheexperiencewouldstillbeworthevery

penny.Itisreallyachancetoloseandfindourselvesinournation'sparklands.

2.Whatdidtheauthorthinkofthevacationbeforethejourney?

A.excitingB.helpfulC.doubtfulD.boring

答案以及解析

答案：4.B

解析：

4.觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)