被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)：表示主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之間的關(guān)系。英語(yǔ)有兩種語(yǔ)態(tài)，即主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：表示主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者。被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：表示主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者,主語(yǔ)與謂語(yǔ)的關(guān)系為被動(dòng)關(guān)系如：Manystudents

study

English.(主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))English

isstudied

bymanystudents.(被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)

be+過(guò)去分詞(be+done)表格：被動(dòng)態(tài)基本結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)態(tài)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)一般將來(lái)時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)have/hasbeen

done含情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)can/may/must/should+be+doneam/is/aredonewas/were

donebegoingto/willbe

donebymanystudents.1.ManystudentsstudyEnglish.Englishisstudied2.Theymake

shoesinthatfactory.Shoesaremadeby

theminthatfactory.1.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)：

am/is/are+過(guò)去分詞TheyplayfootballonSunday.Idothehomeworkintheevening.Theyoftenusecomputersinclass.WemakethesemachinesinBeijing.Footballisplayed（bythem）onSunday.Thehomeworkisdonebyme

intheevening.Computersareoftenusedby

theminclass.ThesemachinesaremadeinBeijing.1.They

bought

acomputerlastterm．

bythemlastterm.2.一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)：was/were+過(guò)去分詞lastyear.2.Weplantedmanytreeslastyear.ManytreeswereplantedAcomputerwasboughtTheybuiltthetallbuildinglastyear.Hetookgoodcareofhislittlebrotheryesterday.Wecleanedourclassroomjustnow.Theyusedtheroomsforresting.Thetallbuildingwasbuiltby

themlastyear.Hislittlebrotherwastakengoodcareof

by

himyesterday.Ourclassroomwascleanedbyusjustnow.Theroomswereusedforresting

by

them.3.一般將來(lái)時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)：begoingtobe/willbe+過(guò)去分詞1.Theywillfinish

theworkintendays.bythemintendays.Theworkwillbefinished2.Tomisgoingtoclean

theroomtomorrow.Theroom

isgoingtobecleanedby

Tomtomorrow.Wewillholdasportsmeetingnextweek.Childrenwilltakesomephotosintheschoolyardtomorrow.Theheadmasterisgoingtogiveatalkthisafternoon.Asportsmeetingwillbeheldby

usnextweek.Somephotoswillbetakenby

childrenintheschooltomorrow.Atalkisgoingtobegivenbytheheadmasterthisafternoon.4.含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)：can/may/must/should+be+過(guò)去分詞1.Amy

cantakegoodcareof

Gina

．byAmy.Ginacanbetakengoodcareof2.Youshoulddrink

morewater.Morewater

shouldbedrunkbyyou.1.Hecantakecareofthebaby.2.Lucymaydrawthepictures.3.Youmustturnoffthelights.4.TheyshouldlearnEnglishwell.

Thebabycanbetakencareofby

him.Thepicturemaybedrawn

byLucy.Thelightsmustbeturnedoff

by

you.Englishshouldbelearnedwellbythem.5.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)have/has＋been＋過(guò)去分詞1.Wehavemade

akey．byus.Akeyhasbeenmade2.Wehavefinished

ourcompositions.Ourcompositionshavebeenfinishedbyus.Suchbooksarewrittenforchildren.

這些書(shū)是為兒童寫(xiě)的。被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的用法（1）不知道或沒(méi)有必要說(shuō)明動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者是誰(shuí).It’ssaid/reported/+that…據(jù)說(shuō)/據(jù)報(bào)道It’sreportedthatitwillraintomorrow.

據(jù)報(bào)道，明天會(huì)下雨。

（2）強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的承受者，這時(shí)應(yīng)用by短語(yǔ)。ThecupwasbrokenbyDavid.（3）作客觀說(shuō)明時(shí)，常采用一種被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)句型.被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的幾種類(lèi)型1.帶雙賓語(yǔ)句子的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài).（指物的賓語(yǔ)叫直接賓語(yǔ)，指人的賓語(yǔ)叫間接賓語(yǔ)）如：1.Hegaveme

abook.

－Iwasgivenabookbyhim.－AbookwasgiventomebyTom.2.Iboughthimabook.

－Hewasboughtabookbyme.－Abookwasbuoghtforhimbyme.giveme

abook間直=giveabooktome直間to:pass,give,show,bringfor:make,buy,draw

Theytakegoodcareofmychild.Iturnedofftheradio.2.含有短語(yǔ)的主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)-----Mychildistakengoodcareof.---Theradiowasturnedoff(byme).

即hear,watch,see,make,let,這些詞在主動(dòng)句中，其后的動(dòng)詞不加to，但變被動(dòng)句時(shí)必須加to.1.IsawhimplaybasketballlastSunday.HewasseentoplaybasketballlastSunday.2.Thebossmakes

himworkfor10hours.Heismadetoworkfor10hours.3.感官動(dòng)詞和使役動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)4.過(guò)去分詞做后置定語(yǔ)，表示被動(dòng)aboycalledTom一個(gè)叫Tom的男孩abookboughtyesterday一本昨天買(mǎi)的書(shū)

5.過(guò)去分詞做賓補(bǔ)，表示被動(dòng)

get/make/havesthdone使某物被…makemeunderstood使我被理解/使人理解我

havemyhaircut使我頭發(fā)被剪/請(qǐng)人給我剪頭1）當(dāng)主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)中的賓語(yǔ)是反身代詞和相互代詞時(shí)，不能改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。

Weoftenhelpeachother.

2）have,takeplace,happen,feel感覺(jué)起來(lái),look看起來(lái),sound,taste,smell不用于被動(dòng)如:Ihaveabike.Anaccidenthappenedtohim.Themusicsoundsbeautiful.6.不能用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的幾種情況填空（完成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)填空）

1.Theyoftencleantheirclassroomafterschool.（改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）

Theirclassroom_____often______bythemafterschool.2.LiLeigaveTomanewpenlastweek.（同上）

Anewpen_________________Tomlastweek.

iscleanedwasgiventoPractice3.AlotofpeopleinChinacanspeakEnglishnow.（同上）

English________________byalotofpeopleinChinanow.4.IhavelearnedEnglishforabouttwoyears.（同上）

English__________________forabouttwoyears.5.Theywillreadthesestory-booksnextmonth.（同上）

Thesestory-books_______________nextmonth.canbespokenhasbeenlearnedwillberead1.－Doyouliketheskirt?－It_______soft.A.isfeelingB.feltC.feelsD.isfelt2.－Iwanttositatthetablenearthewindow.

－Sorry,______already.A.ittookB.ittakesC.itistakingD.ithasbeentaken3.Water______intoice.A.willchangedB.mustbechangedC.shouldchangeD.canbechanged4.Thebirds_______flyawaylastSaturday.A.lettoB.islettoC.wasletD.wereletto5.Astrangesound______yesterdayevening.A.washeardB.hearsC.heardD.isheard

6.MissChen______just______tospeakatthemeeting.A.has…beenaskedB.hasbeen…askedC.Havebeen…askedD.have…beenasked7.Canyoutell___